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The major second interval (sol and la) was not a common feature in traditional Japanese music prior to the significant influence of Western rock and pop genres.
Answer: True
Prior to the widespread adoption of rock music in Japan, the major second interval was infrequently used in Japanese music, except within classical art forms. Its integration into pop music followed the rise of the 'Group Sounds' genre.
The 'Ereki boom' (electric guitar boom) in Japan after 1962 signified a widespread adoption of the electric guitar.
Answer: True
The 'Ereki boom,' signifying the widespread adoption of the electric guitar in Japan, was catalyzed by The Ventures' visit in 1962. This era saw the rise of prominent Japanese guitarists.
The Beatles' 1966 visit to Japan inspired the creation of the 'group sounds' genre.
Answer: True
The Beatles' 1966 concert tour in Japan served as a significant catalyst for the emergence of the 'group sounds' genre, profoundly shaping the direction of Japanese popular music.
The 'Japanese-language rock controversy' (Nihongo Rokku Ronsō) primarily centered on which fundamental debate within the music scene?
Answer: False
The 'Japanese-language rock controversy' debated whether rock music should be performed in Japanese or English, not whether it should incorporate traditional instruments.
Ryoichi Hattori is recognized as the 'Father of Japanese poppusu' for his role in popularizing Western musical styles like blues and jazz.
Answer: True
Ryoichi Hattori, acclaimed as the 'Father of Japanese poppusu,' significantly contributed to popularizing Western musical styles like blues and jazz in Japan, infusing Japanese music with new flavors.
Jazz music had a negligible impact on Japanese popular music following World War II.
Answer: False
Post-World War II, jazz music exerted a considerable influence on the evolution of Japanese popular music ('poppusu'), even if jazz itself did not achieve mainstream dominance.
The 'new music' movement of the 1970s shifted focus from social messages, common in earlier folk music, towards more personal themes such as love, employing more complex musical arrangements.
Answer: True
Emerging in the early 1970s, the 'new music' movement marked a departure from simpler folk styles by embracing more complex musical arrangements and focusing on personal themes, particularly love.
The term 'kayōkyoku' primarily described Japanese popular music from the 1920s through the 1980s, before being largely superseded by J-pop.
Answer: True
'Kayōkyoku' served as the principal designation for Japanese popular music from the 1920s through the 1980s. The emergence of J-pop in the 1990s saw it largely supersede 'kayōkyoku' in mainstream prominence.
The 'rokabirī' (rockabilly) boom in Japan, which began in the mid-1950s, was primarily influenced by American rock and roll artists like Elvis Presley, rather than The Beatles.
Answer: True
The 'rokabirī' boom in Japan was notably sparked by American rock and roll artists like Elvis Presley, leading to the rise of 'Cover Pops' and the 'rokabirī' style, predating the influence of The Beatles.
The band Happy End argued for the viability of performing rock music in the Japanese language, challenging the notion that authenticity required exclusive use of English.
Answer: True
The band Happy End championed the use of Japanese lyrics in rock music, demonstrating the genre's adaptability and influencing modern J-pop by proving its viability in the Japanese language.
Which of the following genres, heavily influenced by Western artists like The Beatles, is considered a key stylistic origin contributing to the development of J-pop?
Answer: Japanese-language rock music
Japanese-language rock music, significantly influenced by Western bands like The Beatles, is considered a key stylistic origin contributing to the development of J-pop.
How did the pronunciation style of J-pop generally differ from the earlier genre 'kayōkyoku'?
Answer: J-pop adopted a pronunciation style similar to English.
In contrast to the earlier genre 'kayōkyoku,' J-pop often employs a pronunciation style that approximates English phonetics, a notable shift in vocal delivery.
The prevalence of the major second interval (sol and la) in Japanese pop music became widespread primarily due to the influence of which genre?
Answer: Group Sounds
The emergence of the 'Group Sounds' genre, inspired by Western rock, led to the adoption and widespread use of the major second interval in Japanese pop music.
What specific event in 1962 is credited with sparking the widespread embrace of the electric guitar in Japan?
Answer: The Ventures' visit
The 'Ereki boom,' signifying the widespread adoption of the electric guitar in Japan, was catalyzed by The Ventures' visit in 1962.
The 'Japanese-language rock controversy' (Nihongo Rokku Ronsō) primarily centered on which fundamental debate within the music scene?
Answer: Whether rock music should be performed in Japanese or English.
The 'Japanese-language rock controversy' debated the merits of performing rock music in Japanese versus English during the 1960s and 70s.
Who is widely referred to as the 'Father of Japanese poppusu' for his significant role in popularizing Western musical styles such as blues and jazz within Japan?
Answer: Ryoichi Hattori
Ryoichi Hattori, acclaimed as the 'Father of Japanese poppusu,' significantly contributed to popularizing Western musical styles like blues and jazz in Japan, infusing Japanese music with new flavors.
What is the historical relationship between the earlier genre 'kayōkyoku' and the subsequent emergence and dominance of J-pop?
Answer: 'Kayōkyoku' was the dominant term for Japanese popular music before J-pop superseded it in the 1990s.
'Kayōkyoku' served as the principal designation for Japanese popular music from the 1920s through the 1980s. The emergence of J-pop in the 1990s saw it largely supersede 'kayōkyoku' in mainstream prominence.
In what ways did the 'Ereki boom' and the 'group sounds' genre contribute to the modernization of Japanese popular music?
Answer: By introducing Western rock elements like electric guitars and band performance styles.
The 'Ereki boom' and 'group sounds' genre introduced Western rock and pop elements, including novel instrumentation and performance styles, thereby significantly modernizing Japanese popular music.
What pivotal role did Ryoichi Hattori play in shaping Japanese popular music in the post-World War II era?
Answer: He introduced and popularized Western musical elements like blues and jazz.
Ryoichi Hattori was instrumental in integrating blues and jazz into post-World War II Japanese popular music, popularizing genres like boogie-woogie and mambo, and enriching the era's musical diversity.
How did the 'new music' movement of the 1970s represent a significant shift in the thematic and structural approaches to Japanese popular songwriting?
Answer: It moved towards more complex arrangements and personal, introspective themes.
The 'new music' movement marked a departure from simpler folk structures, emphasizing more complex musical arrangements and introspective lyrical themes, particularly love.
The genre known as J-pop, an abbreviation for Japanese popular music, achieved mainstream recognition in Japan during the 1990s.
Answer: True
J-pop, an abbreviation for Japanese popular music, achieved mainstream status in Japan during the 1990s. It is often stylized in all caps and is natively known simply as 'pops' (popsusu in Japanese).
The term 'J-pop' was initially applied exclusively to Western-style musicians in Japan, rather than encompassing all forms of Japanese popular music from its inception.
Answer: True
The term 'J-pop' gained currency around the establishment of the radio station J-Wave, initially designating Western-style musicians in Japan, including acts like Pizzicato Five and Flipper's Guitar. Its scope subsequently broadened.
Yellow Magic Orchestra (YMO) was instrumental in developing electropop and synth-pop in Japan.
Answer: True
Yellow Magic Orchestra (YMO) was pivotal in pioneering electropop and synth-pop in Japan, profoundly influencing both domestic and international music scenes and foreshadowing the J-pop era.
The genre 'City pop,' characterized by themes of urban life and influenced by adult contemporary and jazz fusion, emerged in Japan during the early 1980s.
Answer: True
City pop, emerging in the early 1980s, characterized music centered on themes of urban life, influenced by adult contemporary rock and jazz fusion. Its roots extend to the mid-1970s.
The 'Visual kei' movement, which emerged in the late 1980s, was primarily associated with male bands adopting distinctive visual styles, including elaborate costumes and makeup.
Answer: True
The 'Visual kei' movement, originating in the late 1980s, distinguished itself through male bands adopting elaborate visual aesthetics, including makeup, distinctive hairstyles, and flamboyant costumes.
The 'Being System,' a highly successful marketing and production strategy that dominated the charts, was primarily associated with which Japanese agency in the early 1990s?
Answer: True
The 'Being System' denotes the influential marketing and production strategy of the Being agency in the early 1990s. Artists associated with this agency achieved chart dominance and record sales.
Dreams Come True's album 'The Swinging Star' was the first to sell over 3 million copies in Japan.
Answer: True
Dreams Come True's album 'The Swinging Star' achieved the distinction of being the first album to sell over 3 million copies in Japan during the 1990s.
Tetsuya Komuro became a highly successful producer in the mid-1990s, leading the 'Komuro Family' collective. Which of the following acts were key members of this influential group?
Answer: False
Tetsuya Komuro was responsible for numerous million-selling hits, but the statement that he produced only one million-selling hit song after disbanding TM Network is incorrect; his 'Komuro Family' produced many.
In the late 1990s, bands like Glay and L'Arc-en-Ciel gained popularity, evolving from the earlier 'Visual kei' movement.
Answer: True
In the late 1990s, the 'Visual kei' movement propelled artists such as Glay, Luna Sea, and L'Arc-en-Ciel to prominence, many of whom subsequently evolved their musical styles beyond their initial associations.
What genre abbreviation, often stylized in all caps, became mainstream in Japan during the 1990s, largely replacing the term 'kayōkyoku'?
Answer: J-pop
J-pop, an abbreviation for Japanese popular music, achieved mainstream recognition in Japan during the 1990s, eventually superseding the term 'kayōkyoku'.
When the term 'J-pop' first gained traction, it was initially applied exclusively to which category of musicians in Japan?
Answer: Western-style musicians
The term 'J-pop' was initially applied exclusively to Western-style musicians in Japan, such as Pizzicato Five and Flipper's Guitar, around the time the radio station J-Wave was established.
Which genre, characterized by themes of urban life and influenced by adult contemporary and crossover jazz fusion, emerged in Japan during the early 1980s?
Answer: City pop
City pop, emerging in the early 1980s, characterized music centered on themes of urban life, influenced by adult contemporary rock and jazz fusion.
What were the defining characteristics of the 'Visual kei' movement that emerged in the Japanese music scene during the late 1980s?
Answer: Male bands adopting distinctive visual styles like makeup and extravagant hair.
The 'Visual kei' movement distinguished itself through male bands adopting elaborate visual aesthetics, including makeup, distinctive hairstyles, and flamboyant costumes.
The 'Being System,' a highly successful marketing and production strategy that dominated the charts, was primarily associated with which Japanese agency in the early 1990s?
Answer: Being
The 'Being System' denotes the influential marketing and production strategy of the Being agency in the early 1990s, which led to chart dominance for its artists.
Tetsuya Komuro rose to prominence as a highly successful producer in the mid-1990s, leading the 'Komuro Family' collective. Which of the following acts were key members of this influential group?
Answer: TRF, Namie Amuro, and Globe
The 'Komuro Family' collective, led by Tetsuya Komuro, included influential dance and techno artists such as TRF, Namie Amuro, and Globe, who achieved massive success in the mid-1990s.
Which of the following musical acts is NOT typically associated with the 'Visual kei' movement or its significant evolution in the late 1990s J-pop scene?
Answer: Yellow Magic Orchestra
Yellow Magic Orchestra (YMO) was influential in electronic music and synth-pop, predating the 'Visual kei' movement's prominence in the late 1980s and 1990s.
What was the profound impact of Yellow Magic Orchestra (YMO) on the development of electronic music and the subsequent trajectory of J-pop?
Answer: They pioneered electropop and synth-pop, laying the foundation for J-pop's electronic elements.
Yellow Magic Orchestra (YMO) pioneered electropop and synth-pop, profoundly influencing Japanese popular music and laying the groundwork for the widespread integration of electronic music into the J-pop genre.
How did the 'Visual kei' movement significantly influence the aesthetic and commercial landscape of the Japanese rock scene in the late 1980s?
Answer: It emphasized visual presentation alongside music, broadening artistic scope.
The 'Visual kei' movement integrated visual presentation with music, characterized by bands adopting distinctive fashion and aesthetics, thereby expanding the artistic and commercial scope of Japanese rock.
Hikaru Utada's debut album 'First Love' achieved what significant distinction in the history of the Oricon charts?
Answer: True
Hikaru Utada's debut Japanese album, 'First Love,' established itself as the best-selling album in Oricon history, marking a significant commercial zenith for J-pop.
The release of Vocaloid software led to a decrease in user-generated songs on platforms like Nico Nico Douga.
Answer: False
The release of Vocaloid software, particularly Hatsune Miku, led to a surge in user-generated songs on platforms like Nico Nico Douga, rather than a decrease.
The 'chaku-uta' market, which grew rapidly in the early 2000s, primarily involved:
Answer: False
The 'chaku-uta' market involved digital downloads of ringtone songs, not the sale of physical music boxes.
Hip hop and contemporary R&B influences began to gain significant attention in Japanese popular mainstream music during the 2000s.
Answer: True
During the first decade of the 21st century, hip hop and contemporary R&B influences became increasingly prominent in mainstream Japanese popular music, signaling a diversification of J-pop's sonic palette.
What notable trend emerged in the Japanese music industry during the 2000s concerning the relationship between physical CD sales and live performance attendance?
Answer: False
During the 2000s, physical CD sales declined while audience attendance for live music performances increased, contrary to the statement.
What significant distinction did Hikaru Utada's debut album, 'First Love,' achieve in the history of the Oricon charts?
Answer: It became the best-selling album in Oricon history.
Hikaru Utada's debut album, 'First Love,' achieved unprecedented success, becoming the best-selling album in Oricon history and marking a significant commercial zenith for J-pop.
The 'chaku-uta' market, which experienced rapid growth in the early 2000s, primarily involved:
Answer: Digital downloads of ringtone songs.
The 'chaku-uta' market specialized in digital downloads of ringtone songs, established in December 2002, marking a significant shift towards digital music distribution.
Which duo achieved significant chart success in the 2000s, exemplifying the growing influence of hip hop and R&B on mainstream J-pop?
Answer: Chemistry
The duo Chemistry achieved significant chart success in the 2000s, exemplifying the growing influence of hip hop and R&B on mainstream J-pop during that decade.
What notable trend emerged in the Japanese music industry during the 2000s concerning the relationship between physical CD sales and live performance attendance?
Answer: CD sales decreased, but live attendance increased.
Throughout the 2000s, physical CD sales declined while attendance at live music performances concurrently increased, reflecting shifts in music consumption.
The term 'gacha pop' refers to a specific genre of traditional Japanese folk music.
Answer: False
'Gacha pop' is a contemporary term associated with J-pop, reflecting its linkage with other Japanese cultural phenomena achieving international recognition, not a traditional folk genre.
Johnny & Associates is known for producing highly successful all-male groups, while groups like AKB48 and Morning Musume are prominent examples of successful all-female idol groups in J-pop.
Answer: True
Johnny & Associates primarily produces all-male groups, whereas AKB48 and Morning Musume represent successful all-female idol groups that have significantly shaped the J-pop landscape.
The phenomenon sometimes referred to as the 'Warring Idols Period' is primarily associated with what significant trend in the J-pop landscape during the 2010s?
Answer: False
The 'Warring Idols Period' is associated with a significant increase in the number of idol groups, not a decrease, during the 2010s.
The concept of 'age free music' aims to create songs that transcend generational boundaries, appealing to a broad audience rather than exclusively to younger generations.
Answer: True
'Age free music' denotes efforts to create music that transcends generational divides, extending beyond established genres to resonate with a broad demographic.
In the 2020s, J-pop has achieved unprecedented traction on global music charts.
Answer: True
In the 2020s, J-pop has achieved unprecedented traction on global music charts, with artists like Yoasobi reaching international chart success, signifying a growing global audience.
Yoasobi's song 'Idol' reached the top position on the Billboard Global Excl. U.S. chart.
Answer: True
Yoasobi's song 'Idol' achieved significant international chart success, topping charts such as the Billboard Global Excl. U.S., exemplifying J-pop's growing global reach.
In the contemporary context of J-pop, what cultural phenomena does the term 'gacha pop' refer to?
Answer: J-pop's association with other popular Japanese cultural phenomena gaining international attention.
'Gacha pop' is a contemporary term reflecting J-pop's linkage with other Japanese cultural phenomena achieving international recognition, such as city pop, anisong, Vocaloids, and VTubing.
Which of the following is an influential all-male group produced by Johnny & Associates, prominent in the J-pop landscape?
Answer: Arashi
Arashi is an influential all-male group produced by Johnny & Associates that achieved significant prominence and popularity within the J-pop landscape.
The phenomenon sometimes referred to as the 'Warring Idols Period' is primarily associated with what significant trend in the J-pop landscape during the 2010s?
Answer: A significant increase in the number of idol groups.
The 'Warring Idols Period' is associated with a substantial proliferation of idol groups in the Japanese entertainment industry during the 2010s.
What is the stated primary goal of the 'age free music' concept within J-pop?
Answer: To create music that transcends generational boundaries.
The concept of 'age free music' aims to create songs that transcend generational boundaries, appealing to a broad demographic rather than exclusively to younger generations.
What key factors have contributed to J-pop's notable expansion in global popularity during the 2020s?
Answer: The internet, social media, and international success of artists like Yoasobi.
J-pop's global reach has expanded notably in the 2020s, propelled by the internet, social media, and the international success of artists like Yoasobi, whose song 'Idol' topped global charts.