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Total Categories: 6
The introductory context of the article establishes that the subject of discussion is the Indonesian island of Java, differentiating it from the programming language or other homonymous entities.
Answer: True
The article's introduction explicitly clarifies that the focus is on the Indonesian island of Java, distinguishing it from other potential meanings such as the programming language.
The island of Java is administratively divided into four provinces and two special regions.
Answer: True
Java is administratively structured into four provinces (Banten, West Java, Central Java, East Java) and two special regions (Jakarta, Yogyakarta).
Java's volcanic mountain chain was formed by the subduction of the Australian Plate beneath the Sunda Plate.
Answer: True
The island's prominent volcanic mountain chain is a direct result of the geological process where the Australian Plate subducts beneath the Sunda Plate.
Java ranks as the thirteenth largest island globally by land area.
Answer: True
By land area, Java is the thirteenth largest island in the world.
Java is geographically situated between Sumatra and Bali, bordered by the Indian Ocean and the Java Sea.
Answer: True
Java is located between Sumatra to the west and Bali to the east, with the Indian Ocean to its south and the Java Sea to its north.
Mount Semeru is the highest point on Java, with an elevation exceeding 3,600 meters.
Answer: True
Mount Semeru stands as the highest peak on Java, reaching an elevation of approximately 3,676 meters.
Mount Merapi is recognized as the most active volcano on Java and within Indonesia.
Answer: True
Mount Merapi is identified as the most active volcano not only on Java but also within the entire Indonesian archipelago.
Java's ecosystems are primarily characterized by arid deserts and sparse grasslands.
Answer: False
Java's ecosystems are predominantly tropical rainforests, with variations ranging from coastal mangroves to highland forests, and transitioning to drier savannas in the east.
The total land area of Java, including Madura, is approximately 51,196 square kilometers.
Answer: False
The total land area of Java, including Madura, is approximately 132,599 square kilometers; 51,196 is the approximate area in square miles.
Java experiences a consistent tropical climate with average temperatures rarely exceeding 30°C.
Answer: True
Java's tropical climate is characterized by consistent temperatures, typically ranging between 22°C and 29°C, with averages seldom surpassing 30°C.
The wet season in Java typically occurs between November and April, characterized by heavy, continuous rainfall.
Answer: True
The period from November to April generally constitutes the wet season in Java, often marked by intermittent, heavy rainfall, particularly in the afternoons.
What is the primary purpose of the article's introduction regarding the name 'Java'?
Answer: To clarify that the article focuses on the Indonesian island, not other uses of the name.
The introduction serves to disambiguate the term 'Java,' ensuring the reader understands the article pertains to the Indonesian island and not the programming language or other meanings.
Which of the following is NOT one of the administrative provinces located on Java?
Answer: South Java
Java is divided into four provinces: Banten, West Java, Central Java, and East Java. 'South Java' is not one of these administrative provinces.
What geological process is responsible for the formation of Java's volcanic mountain chain?
Answer: The subduction of the Australian Plate beneath the Sunda Plate.
Java's volcanic mountain chain is a product of the geological subduction of the Australian Plate beneath the Sunda Plate.
According to its land area, where does Java rank globally and within Indonesia?
Answer: 13th largest globally, 5th largest in Indonesia.
Java is ranked as the 13th largest island globally by land area and the fifth largest within Indonesia.
Geographically, Java lies between which two islands, and is bordered by which bodies of water?
Answer: Between Sumatra and Bali, bordered by the Indian Ocean and the Java Sea.
Java is situated geographically between Sumatra to the west and Bali to the east, bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea to the north.
What is the highest elevation point on the island of Java?
Answer: Mount Semeru at 3,676 meters.
The highest elevation on Java is Mount Semeru, which reaches an altitude of 3,676 meters.
Which volcano is specifically mentioned as the most active on Java and in Indonesia?
Answer: Mount Merapi
Mount Merapi is identified as the most active volcano on Java and within Indonesia.
Which of the following best describes the typical ecosystems found on Java?
Answer: Tropical rainforests transitioning to drier savanna environments eastward.
Java's ecosystems are primarily tropical rainforests, which transition into drier savanna environments towards the eastern part of the island.
What is the approximate land area of Java, including Madura, in square kilometers?
Answer: 132,599 km²
The combined land area of Java and Madura is approximately 132,599 square kilometers.
Java holds the distinction of being the most populous island globally, accommodating more than half of Indonesia's total population, notwithstanding its comparatively modest landmass.
Answer: True
Java is recognized as the world's most populous island, containing over half of Indonesia's population despite its relatively small land area.
The primary languages spoken on Java include Javanese, Sundanese, and Madurese.
Answer: False
The four main languages spoken on Java are Javanese, Sundanese, Madurese, and Betawi. The statement omits Betawi.
The Javanese and Sundanese are the two most significant native ethnic groups residing on the island.
Answer: True
The Javanese and Sundanese are indeed the two most prominent native ethnic groups inhabiting the island of Java.
Java's population growth in the 19th century was hindered by the prevalence of widespread famine and disease.
Answer: False
Contrary to hindering growth, factors such as the end of civil wars, increased rice cultivation, and improved food distribution contributed to significant population growth in 19th-century Java.
The Betawi people are indigenous to the eastern highlands of Java and speak the Javanese language.
Answer: False
The Betawi people are primarily associated with the Jakarta region (western Java) and possess a distinct language, Betawi, which is a creole language influenced by various linguistic sources.
Java's population density is relatively low compared to other major islands in Southeast Asia.
Answer: False
Java is one of the most densely populated islands globally, with a density significantly higher than many other major islands in Southeast Asia.
How does Java's population compare to other islands worldwide?
Answer: It is the most populous island globally, containing over half of Indonesia's inhabitants.
Java is recognized as the most populous island worldwide, housing more than half of Indonesia's total population.
Which languages are among the four main languages spoken on the island of Java?
Answer: Javanese, Sundanese, Madurese, and Betawi
The four primary languages spoken on Java are Javanese, Sundanese, Madurese, and Betawi.
The native ethnic groups primarily associated with Java are:
Answer: Javanese, Sundanese, and Madurese
The principal native ethnic groups of Java are the Javanese, Sundanese, and Madurese.
Factors contributing to Java's 19th-century population boom included:
Answer: The end of civil wars, increased rice cultivation, and famine elimination.
The population surge in 19th-century Java was facilitated by the cessation of civil conflicts, expansion of rice cultivation, and effective famine mitigation.
Evidence of early human presence on Java, such as the 'Java Man' fossils, dates back over a million years.
Answer: True
Fossil discoveries, including those of 'Java Man' (Homo erectus), indicate human presence on the island dating back as far as 1.3 million years.
Early civilizations on Java primarily developed along the coastlines, utilizing sea routes for communication.
Answer: False
While coastal settlements existed, early civilizations also developed inland, utilizing rivers like the Brantas and Solo for communication and supporting kingdoms in their valleys.
The Mataram Kingdom, known for its Shiva-centric religion, flourished in central Java during the Hindu-Buddhist era.
Answer: True
The Mataram Kingdom, a significant entity during Java's Hindu-Buddhist period, was indeed characterized by its Shiva-centric religious practices and was centered in central Java.
The Majapahit Empire, established in the 10th century, was primarily a religious entity focused on spreading Buddhism.
Answer: False
The Majapahit Empire, established in the 10th century, evolved into Java's first commercial empire, controlling trade routes rather than being solely focused on religious expansion.
Islam became the dominant religion in Java around the late 16th century, with the Mataram Sultanate eventually rising to prominence.
Answer: True
By the close of the 16th century, Islam had become the predominant religion on Java, and the Mataram Sultanate subsequently emerged as a major power.
European colonial influence in Java began with the Dutch East India Company (VOC) establishing trade posts in the early 17th century.
Answer: False
European contact predates the VOC's establishment; initial interactions included a treaty between the Sunda kingdom and the Portuguese in 1522, followed by Dutch expeditions later in the 16th century.
The Dutch East India Company (VOC) primarily focused on agricultural development, introducing crops like rice and corn to Java.
Answer: False
The VOC's primary focus was on trade and profit, introducing cash crops like sugarcane, coffee, and rubber for export, rather than staple crops like rice and corn for local development.
Java served as the historical center for major Hindu-Buddhist empires, Islamic sultanates, and the Dutch East Indies.
Answer: True
Java's history is marked by its role as the core region for significant Hindu-Buddhist empires, subsequent Islamic sultanates, and the administration of the Dutch East Indies.
Rivers like the Brantas and Solo were historically unimportant for communication and development on Java.
Answer: False
Rivers such as the Brantas and Solo were historically crucial for communication and supported the development of major kingdoms in their valleys, enabling long-distance travel.
The 'Pasisir' region is significant for being the location of Java's first Muslim sultanate and a historical trade center.
Answer: True
The 'Pasisir' region, situated on Java's northern coast, is historically important as the site of the first Muslim sultanate and a key hub for trade.
The mention of 'Yavadvipa' in the Ramayana suggests the island was unknown to ancient Indian civilizations.
Answer: False
The reference to 'Yavadvipa' in the Ramayana indicates that the island was known to ancient Indian civilizations, highlighting its early recognition in Indian literature.
The Dutch 'Cultivation System' compelled Javanese farmers to grow cash crops for export, potentially leading to increased hardship.
Answer: True
The Dutch 'Cultivation System' mandated that Javanese farmers cultivate cash crops for export, a policy that often resulted in increased burdens and hardship for the local population.
How did early civilizations on Java primarily facilitate communication and support kingdoms?
Answer: Utilizing major rivers like the Brantas and Solo for travel.
Early civilizations on Java utilized major rivers, particularly the Brantas and Solo, for communication and transportation, which was essential for supporting kingdoms.
Which kingdom, known for its Shiva-centric religion and temples on the Dieng Plateau, was significant during Java's Hindu-Buddhist era?
Answer: Mataram Kingdom
The Mataram Kingdom, noted for its Shiva-centric religious practices and associated temples on the Dieng Plateau, was a significant power during Java's Hindu-Buddhist period.
What was a key characteristic of the Majapahit Empire?
Answer: It became Java's first commercial empire, controlling trade routes.
The Majapahit Empire is recognized for becoming Java's first commercial empire, exerting control over significant trade routes.
By what time period had Islam become the dominant religion in Java?
Answer: By the end of the 16th century.
Islam had become the dominant religion on Java by the conclusion of the 16th century.
Which event marked the beginning of European colonial interaction with Java?
Answer: A treaty signed between the Sunda kingdom and the Portuguese in 1522.
The initial European colonial interaction with Java commenced with a treaty between the Sunda kingdom and the Portuguese in 1522.
The 'Pasisir' region of Java is historically significant primarily because:
Answer: It hosted the first Muslim sultanate and was a trade hub.
The 'Pasisir' region is historically significant as the location of Java's first Muslim sultanate and a vital center for trade.
What was the primary function of the Dutch 'Cultivation System' in Java?
Answer: To compel Javanese farmers to cultivate cash crops for export.
The Dutch 'Cultivation System' mandated that Javanese farmers dedicate a portion of their land and labor to cultivating cash crops designated for export by the colonial administration.
The name 'Java' originates from a Sanskrit term meaning 'island of barley'.
Answer: True
The name 'Java' is believed to derive from the Sanskrit term 'yavadvipa', where 'yava' signifies barley or grain, and 'dvipa' means island.
The 'Pasisir' region refers to the western highlands of Java, known for their cultural significance.
Answer: False
The 'Pasisir' region denotes the northern coastal areas of Java, historically significant as a center for trade and the first Muslim sultanate, distinct from the western highlands ('Sunda lands').
Kejawen culture, associated with Java's aristocracy, is characterized by refined language and etiquette.
Answer: True
Kejawen culture, deeply rooted in Java, particularly among its aristocracy, is indeed recognized for its sophisticated language, refined arts, and established etiquette.
Classical Javanese arts include gamelan music and wayang shadow puppet performances.
Answer: True
Gamelan music, characterized by its traditional ensemble, and wayang, the art of shadow puppetry, are seminal examples of classical Javanese artistic traditions.
While Islam is dominant, Java also has significant Christian, Buddhist, and Hindu communities due to historical syncretism.
Answer: True
Java's religious landscape, while predominantly Muslim, includes notable Christian, Buddhist, and Hindu populations, reflecting a history of religious syncretism and coexistence.
The 'Santri' classification in Javanese Islam refers to individuals whose practices blend Islamic beliefs with pre-Islamic traditions.
Answer: False
The 'Santri' classification typically refers to those considered more orthodox in their Islamic beliefs and practices, whereas 'Abangan' describes individuals blending Islamic traditions with pre-Islamic ones.
The arrival of Islam led to the decline of the 'Kyai' as religious scholars and the rise of Hindu priests.
Answer: False
The arrival of Islam strengthened the role of Islamic scholars ('Kyai') as the new religious elite, rather than leading to their decline or the rise of Hindu priests.
What is the believed origin of the name 'Java'?
Answer: From the Sanskrit chronicle 'yavadvipa', meaning 'barley island'.
The name 'Java' is widely believed to originate from the Sanskrit term 'yavadvipa', which translates to 'barley island'.
What does the term 'abangan' refer to within Javanese Islam?
Answer: Individuals who blend Islamic beliefs with pre-Islamic animistic and Hindu-Indian traditions.
'Abangan' refers to Javanese Muslims whose religious practices integrate Islamic tenets with pre-existing animistic and Hindu-Indian traditions, representing a syncretic approach.
Java's volcanic topography is unsuitable for large-scale agriculture due to rugged terrain.
Answer: False
Conversely, Java's volcanic highlands provide fertile soil ideal for extensive wet-rice cultivation, making its agricultural lands highly productive.
Java holds historical significance as the first place in Indonesia where coffee was cultivated, leading to 'Java' becoming a common term for the beverage.
Answer: True
Java was the initial location in Indonesia for coffee cultivation, and its popularity led to the name 'Java' becoming synonymous with the beverage.
The Great Post Road, a vital military route connecting Anyer and Panarukan, was constructed during the early 19th century under Dutch administration.
Answer: True
The Great Post Road, a significant infrastructure project linking Anyer and Panarukan, was initiated in 1808 under the Dutch colonial administration led by Herman Willem Daendels.
Java contributes less than 20% of Indonesia's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) due to its focus on traditional agriculture.
Answer: False
Java is the economic powerhouse of Indonesia, contributing approximately 60% of the nation's GDP, driven by industry, services, and modern economic activities, not solely traditional agriculture.
Java possesses a well-developed transportation network, including extensive railway systems and modern highways.
Answer: True
Java features a robust transportation infrastructure, encompassing historical road networks, extensive railway systems, and contemporary highways connecting its major centers.
Java's modern economy relies heavily on the cultivation and export of traditional spices.
Answer: False
While spices have historical significance, Java's modern economy is primarily driven by industry, services, and trade, contributing substantially to Indonesia's GDP.
How does Java's volcanic topography contribute to its agriculture?
Answer: It provides fertile highlands ideal for wet-rice cultivation.
The volcanic highlands of Java offer fertile soil conditions that are highly conducive to extensive wet-rice cultivation.
What historical role did Java play in the cultivation of coffee?
Answer: It was the first location in Indonesia for coffee cultivation, leading to 'Java' becoming a coffee synonym.
Java was the initial site of coffee cultivation in Indonesia, and its widespread popularity resulted in the name 'Java' becoming a common term for the beverage.
How does Java contribute to Indonesia's overall economy?
Answer: It accounts for about 60% of Indonesia's GDP, driven by industry and services.
Java is the primary economic engine of Indonesia, generating approximately 60% of the national GDP through its robust industrial and service sectors.
Java was the central hub for Indonesian nationalism and the struggle for independence following World War II.
Answer: True
Java played a pivotal role as the epicenter of Indonesian nationalism and the subsequent struggle for independence in the post-World War II era.
Java played a central role in which major event in Indonesian history?
Answer: The struggle for Indonesian independence.
Java was a primary locus for the nationalist movements and the subsequent struggle for Indonesian independence.