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Jean III de Grailly, also known as John De Grailly, was a Gascon nobleman celebrated by Jean Froissart as an emblem of chivalry.
Answer: True
Jean III de Grailly was indeed a Gascon nobleman, recognized by the chronicler Jean Froissart for his chivalric qualities and military prowess.
Jean III de Grailly's mother, Blanch de Foix, was a distant relative of the English royal family.
Answer: False
While Blanch de Foix was related to the Counts of Foix, the provided information does not indicate a direct or significant distant relationship to the English royal family.
The Château de Benauges was a temporary residence granted to Jean III de Grailly during his service to the French crown.
Answer: False
The Château de Benauges was not a temporary residence but a hereditary possession of the Grailly family, granted to Jean I de Grailly in the early 1260s.
The title 'Captal de Buch' signifies a hereditary lord or chief of the Buch territory in Gascony.
Answer: True
The title 'Captal de Buch' denotes a hereditary lord or chief of the Buch territory in Gascony, a significant regional title held by Jean III de Grailly.
Jean III de Grailly's maternal lineage connected him to the Counts of Foix, which influenced the succession of his titles.
Answer: True
Jean III de Grailly's mother, Blanch de Foix, was related to the Counts of Foix, a connection that influenced the succession of his titles upon his death without heirs.
Who was Jean III de Grailly, according to the provided text?
Answer: A Gascon nobleman and significant military leader during the Hundred Years' War.
Jean III de Grailly is identified as a Gascon nobleman and a prominent military figure during the Hundred Years' War, holding the title Captal de Buch.
The Château de Benauges is noted in the source as having what relationship with the Grailly family?
Answer: It was a hereditary possession granted to Jean I de Grailly.
The Château de Benauges held hereditary significance for the Grailly family, having been granted to Jean I de Grailly in the early 1260s.
Which of the following statements about Jean III de Grailly's familial origins is accurate according to the source?
Answer: His mother, Blanch de Foix, was related to the counts of Foix.
According to the source, Jean III de Grailly's mother, Blanch de Foix, was related to the Counts of Foix, indicating a connection to that noble lineage.
What was the hereditary significance of the Château de Benauges for the Grailly family?
Answer: It was granted to Jean I de Grailly in the early 1260s.
The Château de Benauges held hereditary significance for the Grailly family, having been granted to Jean I de Grailly in the early 1260s.
What information is provided about Jean III de Grailly's marriage?
Answer: He married Rose d'Albret but had no heirs.
The provided information states that Jean III de Grailly married Rose d'Albret but did not produce any heirs.
Jean III de Grailly commanded the English cavalry during the Battle of Crécy in 1346.
Answer: False
While Jean III de Grailly was a prominent figure in English campaigns, the provided sources do not specify his command of the English cavalry at the Battle of Crécy in 1346.
The flanking maneuver executed by Jean III de Grailly at the Battle of Poitiers directly led to the capture of the French King, John II.
Answer: True
Jean III de Grailly's strategic flanking maneuver at the Battle of Poitiers in 1356 was instrumental in the English victory and the subsequent capture of King John II of France.
Jean III de Grailly played a role in the Battle of Nájera in 1367, where he was responsible for guarding the captured Bertrand du Guesclin.
Answer: True
During the Battle of Nájera in 1367, Jean III de Grailly was indeed tasked with guarding Bertrand du Guesclin after the latter's capture.
Jean III de Grailly's strategic flanking maneuver at Poitiers was crucial for the English victory and the capture of the French king.
Answer: True
The flanking maneuver executed by Jean III de Grailly at the Battle of Poitiers was indeed pivotal for the English victory and the capture of King John II.
What crucial military action did Jean III de Grailly perform at the Battle of Poitiers in 1356?
Answer: He executed a decisive flanking maneuver against the French forces.
At the Battle of Poitiers in 1356, Jean III de Grailly executed a crucial flanking maneuver that significantly contributed to the English victory.
What was the direct consequence of Jean III de Grailly's flanking maneuver at the Battle of Poitiers?
Answer: The capture of the King of France, John II, and many nobles.
The flanking maneuver led by Jean III de Grailly at Poitiers was directly responsible for the capture of King John II of France and numerous other nobles.
During the Battle of Nájera in 1367, Jean III de Grailly faced Bertrand du Guesclin again. What was the outcome for du Guesclin in this encounter?
Answer: Bertrand du Guesclin was captured, and Jean III de Grailly guarded him.
At the Battle of Nájera in 1367, Bertrand du Guesclin was captured, and Jean III de Grailly was assigned the duty of guarding him.
What does the citation from 'Poitiers 1356: The Capture of a King' likely provide?
Answer: Specific accounts of the Battle of Poitiers and Jean III de Grailly's actions.
The citation from 'Poitiers 1356: The Capture of a King' likely offers detailed accounts of the battle, including the specific military actions and outcomes involving figures such as Jean III de Grailly.
Jean III de Grailly was captured by Bertrand du Guesclin in 1364 during the Battle of Cocherel.
Answer: True
In 1364, Jean III de Grailly, commanding forces for Charles II of Navarre, was indeed captured by Bertrand du Guesclin at the Battle of Cocherel.
After his release from captivity in 1364, Jean III de Grailly initially defected to the French side before re-establishing his allegiance to the English.
Answer: True
Following his capture and release in 1364, Jean III de Grailly did initially switch allegiance to the French crown, receiving lands, but subsequently reaffirmed his loyalty to the English.
Jean III de Grailly was captured in 1372 while leading a French relief force against the English siege of La Rochelle.
Answer: False
In 1372, Jean III de Grailly was captured while commanding an English relief force attempting to lift the siege of Soubise, not leading a French force against La Rochelle.
Jean III de Grailly was held prisoner in the Tower of London for the remainder of his life after his 1372 capture.
Answer: False
Following his 1372 capture, Jean III de Grailly was imprisoned in Paris, not the Tower of London, and remained there until his death.
Jean III de Grailly's capture at Cocherel was significant because it led to his immediate release and return to English service.
Answer: False
While captured at Cocherel, his release was followed by a period of service to the French crown before he re-established allegiance to the English, indicating a temporary shift rather than immediate return.
Jean III de Grailly's death was attributed to battle wounds sustained during the French attack on La Rochelle.
Answer: False
Jean III de Grailly's death was not due to battle wounds but resulted from despair and loss of will to live following the news of the Black Prince's death.
Jean III de Grailly was captured by Owain Lawgoch while defending the city of Bordeaux against a French siege.
Answer: False
Jean III de Grailly was captured by Owain Lawgoch in 1372 while attempting to lift the siege of Soubise, not while defending Bordeaux.
Jean III de Grailly's final capture occurred during a peasant revolt in Normandy in 1372.
Answer: False
Jean III de Grailly's final capture in 1372 occurred while commanding an English relief force near Soubise, not during a peasant revolt in Normandy.
In which battle was Jean III de Grailly captured by Bertrand du Guesclin in 1364?
Answer: Battle of Cocherel
Bertrand du Guesclin captured Jean III de Grailly in 1364 during the Battle of Cocherel.
Following his capture in 1364, what initial action did Jean III de Grailly take regarding his allegiance?
Answer: He defected to the French side, receiving lands from Charles V.
After his release from captivity in 1364, Jean III de Grailly initially defected to the French side, accepting lands from Charles V, before later re-establishing his allegiance to England.
In what year and under what circumstances was Jean III de Grailly captured for the final time?
Answer: 1372, while commanding an English relief force near Soubise.
Jean III de Grailly was captured for the final time in 1372 while commanding an English relief force near Soubise, during an engagement related to the siege of La Rochelle.
Why did Charles V of France decide to keep Jean III de Grailly imprisoned for life after his capture in 1372?
Answer: Because Charles V deemed him too dangerous to be released back to the English.
Charles V kept Jean III de Grailly imprisoned for life because he considered him too dangerous to be released back into English service, fearing his military capabilities.
Which of the following best describes Jean III de Grailly's ultimate fate after his capture in 1372?
Answer: He remained imprisoned in Paris until his death.
Following his capture in 1372, Jean III de Grailly remained imprisoned in Paris for the rest of his life, as King Charles V considered him too dangerous to release.
Jean III de Grailly's capture by Owain Lawgoch occurred while he was attempting to achieve what objective?
Answer: To lift the siege of Soubise.
Jean III de Grailly's capture by Owain Lawgoch in 1372 occurred while he was leading an English relief force attempting to lift the siege of Soubise.
How did Jean III de Grailly's loyalty manifest after his capture in 1364?
Answer: He refused to fight against England, even when offered freedom.
Jean III de Grailly's loyalty was demonstrated by his refusal to accept freedom if it meant fighting against England, an oath he maintained throughout his life.
Which of the following best describes Jean III de Grailly's allegiance shift after his 1364 capture?
Answer: He briefly served France before returning to England.
Following his 1364 capture and release, Jean III de Grailly initially served France before re-establishing his allegiance to England.
In 1348, Jean III de Grailly was inducted as the fourth Knight into the prestigious Order of the Garter.
Answer: True
Historical records confirm that Jean III de Grailly was invested as the fourth Knight of the Order of the Garter in 1348.
In 1371, Jean III de Grailly was appointed Marshal of Aquitaine for his service in the Spanish campaigns.
Answer: False
The sources indicate that Jean III de Grailly was appointed Constable of Aquitaine in 1371, not Marshal.
Edward III of England bestowed upon Jean III de Grailly the title of Duke of Aquitaine.
Answer: False
Edward III granted Jean III de Grailly the title of Count of Bigorre, not Duke of Aquitaine.
The citation from Wm. A. Shaw's 'The Knights of England' confirms Jean III de Grailly's status as a Knight of the Garter.
Answer: True
Wm. A. Shaw's work, 'The Knights of England,' confirms Jean III de Grailly's status as the fourth Knight of the Order of the Garter.
Jean III de Grailly was appointed Constable of Aquitaine in recognition of his actions at the Battle of Cocherel.
Answer: True
Jean III de Grailly was appointed Constable of Aquitaine in 1371, partly in recognition of his service, including his actions at battles such as Cocherel and Nájera.
What prestigious honor was bestowed upon Jean III de Grailly in 1348?
Answer: Becoming the fourth Knight of the Order of the Garter
In 1348, Jean III de Grailly received the prestigious honor of being invested as the fourth Knight of the Order of the Garter.
What significant position was Jean III de Grailly appointed to in 1371?
Answer: Constable of Aquitaine
In 1371, Jean III de Grailly was appointed Constable of Aquitaine, a significant military and administrative role.
What title did Edward III of England grant to Jean III de Grailly?
Answer: Count of Bigorre
Edward III of England bestowed the title of Count of Bigorre upon Jean III de Grailly.
What does the citation to 'The New Zealand Armorist' likely discuss in relation to Jean III de Grailly?
Answer: His heraldry and role as a Founder Knight of the Garter.
The citation to 'The New Zealand Armorist' likely discusses Jean III de Grailly's heraldry and his significant role as a Founder Knight of the Garter.
What military role did Jean III de Grailly hold in 1371?
Answer: He was the Constable of Aquitaine.
In 1371, Jean III de Grailly was appointed to the significant military position of Constable of Aquitaine.
A gold signet ring belonging to Jean III de Grailly, used for authenticating documents, is housed in the Louvre Museum.
Answer: False
The gold signet ring belonging to Jean III de Grailly, dating from the late 14th century, is housed in the British Museum, not the Louvre.
Jean III de Grailly's coat of arms features a black cross with silver escallops on a gold escutcheon, and a crest of a man's head with dog's ears.
Answer: False
While the description of the escutcheon (black cross with silver escallops on gold) is accurate, the crest is described as a man's head with asses' ears, not dog's ears.
The citation regarding the British Museum collection pertains to a gold signet ring belonging to Jean III de Grailly.
Answer: True
The citation referencing the British Museum collection indeed pertains to a gold signet ring associated with Jean III de Grailly, dating from the late 14th century.
Jean III de Grailly's coat of arms includes a crest depicting a man's head with asses' ears in silver.
Answer: True
The heraldic description confirms that Jean III de Grailly's crest featured a man's head in profile with asses' ears, rendered in silver (Argent).
Where is the gold signet ring belonging to Jean III de Grailly, dating from the late 14th century, currently housed?
Answer: The British Museum
The gold signet ring of Jean III de Grailly, a tangible artifact from his life, is preserved and housed in the British Museum.
Which of the following best describes the heraldic description of Jean III de Grailly's coat of arms as depicted in the source?
Answer: A gold escutcheon with a black cross bearing five silver escallops.
The heraldic description of Jean III de Grailly's coat of arms features a gold escutcheon with a black cross adorned with five silver escallops.
What specific detail about Jean III de Grailly's crest is mentioned in the source?
Answer: A man's head in profile with asses' ears.
The source specifically mentions that Jean III de Grailly's crest depicted a man's head in profile with asses' ears.
Jean III de Grailly's personal loyalty to the Black Prince was so profound that he lost the will to live upon hearing of the prince's death.
Answer: True
Jean III de Grailly's profound personal loyalty to Edward, the Black Prince, was so strong that he lost his will to live upon hearing of the prince's death, refusing sustenance and dying shortly thereafter.
Jean III de Grailly died in London shortly after the Black Prince's death, succumbing to his grief.
Answer: False
Jean III de Grailly died in Paris, not London, shortly after the Black Prince's death, due to despair and loss of the will to live.
Jean III de Grailly had several children who inherited his titles and estates.
Answer: False
The sources indicate that Jean III de Grailly died without heirs from his marriage, meaning his titles did not pass to children.
The Bruges Garter Book, created in the mid-15th century, includes an illustration of Jean III de Grailly.
Answer: True
The Bruges Garter Book, a manuscript from circa 1430, does indeed contain an illustration of Jean III de Grailly, Captal de Buch, KG, serving as a visual record from the mid-15th century.
Jean Froissart praised Jean III de Grailly's courage and chivalry during the peasant uprising known as the Jacquerie in 1358.
Answer: True
Chronicler Jean Froissart indeed praised Jean III de Grailly's chivalry and courage, specifically mentioning his actions during the Jacquerie peasant uprising of 1358.
Jean III de Grailly's unwavering loyalty to the Black Prince meant he refused freedom even if it required fighting against England.
Answer: True
Jean III de Grailly demonstrated profound loyalty by refusing freedom if it necessitated fighting against England, an oath he swore never to break, reflecting his deep personal allegiance to the Black Prince.
The external link to Britannica.com likely provides information on the heraldry of Jean III de Grailly.
Answer: False
While Britannica.com provides biographical information, the specific citation does not explicitly state it focuses on heraldry; it offers a general overview of his life and significance.
Jean III de Grailly's death occurred in Paris due to despair after learning of the Black Prince's demise.
Answer: True
Jean III de Grailly died in Paris, succumbing to grief and despair after learning of the Black Prince's death, having lost his will to live.
After Jean III de Grailly's death without heirs, his titles passed to his uncle, the Count of Foix.
Answer: True
Upon Jean III de Grailly's death without heirs, his titles were inherited by his uncle, Archambaud, Count of Foix and Bigorre.
How did Jean III de Grailly's life end?
Answer: He succumbed to grief and despair in Paris after learning of the Black Prince's death.
Jean III de Grailly's life ended in Paris, where he died from despair and loss of will to live after hearing of the Black Prince's death.
What happened to the title of Captal de Buch after Jean III de Grailly's death without heirs?
Answer: It was inherited by his uncle, the Count of Foix.
Upon Jean III de Grailly's death without heirs, the title of Captal de Buch was inherited by his uncle, Archambaud, Count of Foix and Bigorre.
Which chronicler praised Jean III de Grailly as an ideal of chivalry and documented his actions during the Jacquerie?
Answer: Jean Froissart
The chronicler Jean Froissart praised Jean III de Grailly as an ideal of chivalry and documented his actions, including during the Jacquerie uprising.
What does the Bruges Garter Book, created around 1430, provide regarding Jean III de Grailly?
Answer: An illustration of him as a Knight of the Garter.
The Bruges Garter Book, created circa 1430, includes an illustration of Jean III de Grailly, depicting him as a Knight of the Garter.
What was the Jacquerie, mentioned in relation to Jean III de Grailly's chivalry?
Answer: A peasant uprising in 1358.
The Jacquerie was a significant peasant uprising that occurred in France in 1358.
Jean III de Grailly's profound loyalty is exemplified by his reaction to the death of which key figure?
Answer: Edward, the Black Prince
Jean III de Grailly's profound loyalty was exemplified by his reaction to the death of Edward, the Black Prince, upon hearing which he lost his will to live.
What is the significance of the 'Authority control databases' listed for Jean III de Grailly?
Answer: They help identify and locate information about him across archives.
Authority control databases are significant as they provide standardized identifiers, aiding in the identification and retrieval of information pertaining to Jean III de Grailly from various archival sources.
What is the primary significance of the Bruges Garter Book illustration mentioned in the source?
Answer: It provides a visual representation of him from the mid-15th century.
The primary significance of the Bruges Garter Book illustration is that it offers a visual representation of Jean III de Grailly from the mid-15th century, depicting him as a Knight of the Garter.
What does the source imply about Jean III de Grailly's character, as described by Jean Froissart?
Answer: He was considered an ideal of chivalry and courage.
The source implies, through Jean Froissart's accounts, that Jean III de Grailly was considered an ideal of chivalry and courage.
What specific detail about Jean III de Grailly's death is provided in the source?
Answer: He died in Paris after losing the will to live upon hearing of the Black Prince's death.
The specific detail provided is that Jean III de Grailly died in Paris after losing his will to live upon hearing of the Black Prince's death, refusing sustenance.