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The History of the Kingdom of Nepal

At a Glance

Title: The History of the Kingdom of Nepal

Total Categories: 6

Category Stats

  • Founding and Early Unification (1768-c.1800): 14 flashcards, 19 questions
  • Expansion, Diplomacy, and Internal Power Struggles (c.1800-1846): 15 flashcards, 20 questions
  • The Rana Autocracy and Anglo-Nepalese Relations (1846-1951): 10 flashcards, 14 questions
  • Democratic Aspirations and Political Instability (1951-2008): 13 flashcards, 26 questions
  • Transition to Republic and Contemporary Nepal (2008-Present): 4 flashcards, 9 questions
  • Socio-Cultural and Administrative Frameworks: 7 flashcards, 10 questions

Total Stats

  • Total Flashcards: 63
  • True/False Questions: 63
  • Multiple Choice Questions: 35
  • Total Questions: 98

Instructions

Click the button to expand the instructions for how to use the Wiki2Web Teacher studio in order to print, edit, and export data about The History of the Kingdom of Nepal

Welcome to Your Curriculum Command Center

This guide will turn you into a Wiki2web Studio power user. Let's unlock the features designed to give you back your weekends.

The Core Concept: What is a "Kit"?

Think of a Kit as your all-in-one digital lesson plan. It's a single, portable file that contains every piece of content for a topic: your subject categories, a central image, all your flashcards, and all your questions. The true power of the Studio is speed—once a kit is made (or you import one), you are just minutes away from printing an entire set of coursework.

Getting Started is Simple:

  • Create New Kit: Start with a clean slate. Perfect for a brand-new lesson idea.
  • Import & Edit Existing Kit: Load a .json kit file from your computer to continue your work or to modify a kit created by a colleague.
  • Restore Session: The Studio automatically saves your progress in your browser. If you get interrupted, you can restore your unsaved work with one click.

Step 1: Laying the Foundation (The Authoring Tools)

This is where you build the core knowledge of your Kit. Use the left-side navigation panel to switch between these powerful authoring modules.

⚙️ Kit Manager: Your Kit's Identity

This is the high-level control panel for your project.

  • Kit Name: Give your Kit a clear title. This will appear on all your printed materials.
  • Master Image: Upload a custom cover image for your Kit. This is essential for giving your content a professional visual identity, and it's used as the main graphic when you export your Kit as an interactive game.
  • Topics: Create the structure for your lesson. Add topics like "Chapter 1," "Vocabulary," or "Key Formulas." All flashcards and questions will be organized under these topics.

🃏 Flashcard Author: Building the Knowledge Blocks

Flashcards are the fundamental concepts of your Kit. Create them here to define terms, list facts, or pose simple questions.

  • Click "➕ Add New Flashcard" to open the editor.
  • Fill in the term/question and the definition/answer.
  • Assign the flashcard to one of your pre-defined topics.
  • To edit or remove a flashcard, simply use the ✏️ (Edit) or ❌ (Delete) icons next to any entry in the list.

✍️ Question Author: Assessing Understanding

Create a bank of questions to test knowledge. These questions are the engine for your worksheets and exams.

  • Click "➕ Add New Question".
  • Choose a Type: True/False for quick checks or Multiple Choice for more complex assessments.
  • To edit an existing question, click the ✏️ icon. You can change the question text, options, correct answer, and explanation at any time.
  • The Explanation field is a powerful tool: the text you enter here will automatically appear on the teacher's answer key and on the Smart Study Guide, providing instant feedback.

🔗 Intelligent Mapper: The Smart Connection

This is the secret sauce of the Studio. The Mapper transforms your content from a simple list into an interconnected web of knowledge, automating the creation of amazing study guides.

  • Step 1: Select a question from the list on the left.
  • Step 2: In the right panel, click on every flashcard that contains a concept required to answer that question. They will turn green, indicating a successful link.
  • The Payoff: When you generate a Smart Study Guide, these linked flashcards will automatically appear under each question as "Related Concepts."

Step 2: The Magic (The Generator Suite)

You've built your content. Now, with a few clicks, turn it into a full suite of professional, ready-to-use materials. What used to take hours of formatting and copying-and-pasting can now be done in seconds.

🎓 Smart Study Guide Maker

Instantly create the ultimate review document. It combines your questions, the correct answers, your detailed explanations, and all the "Related Concepts" you linked in the Mapper into one cohesive, printable guide.

📝 Worksheet & 📄 Exam Builder

Generate unique assessments every time. The questions and multiple-choice options are randomized automatically. Simply select your topics, choose how many questions you need, and generate:

  • A Student Version, clean and ready for quizzing.
  • A Teacher Version, complete with a detailed answer key and the explanations you wrote.

🖨️ Flashcard Printer

Forget wrestling with table layouts in a word processor. Select a topic, choose a cards-per-page layout, and instantly generate perfectly formatted, print-ready flashcard sheets.

Step 3: Saving and Collaborating

  • 💾 Export & Save Kit: This is your primary save function. It downloads the entire Kit (content, images, and all) to your computer as a single .json file. Use this to create permanent backups and share your work with others.
  • ➕ Import & Merge Kit: Combine your work. You can merge a colleague's Kit into your own or combine two of your lessons into a larger review Kit.

You're now ready to reclaim your time.

You're not just a teacher; you're a curriculum designer, and this is your Studio.

This page is an interactive visualization based on the Wikipedia article "Kingdom of Nepal" (opens in new tab) and its cited references.

Text content is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License (opens in new tab). Additional terms may apply.

Disclaimer: This website is for informational purposes only and does not constitute any kind of advice. The information is not a substitute for consulting official sources or records or seeking advice from qualified professionals.


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Study Guide: The History of the Kingdom of Nepal

Study Guide: The History of the Kingdom of Nepal

Founding and Early Unification (1768-c.1800)

The Kingdom of Nepal was established in 1768 and officially ceased to exist as a monarchy in 2008.

Answer: True

The Kingdom of Nepal was established in 1768 through the unification efforts led by Prithvi Narayan Shah. Its monarchical period officially concluded on May 28, 2008, when the country transitioned into a Federal Democratic Republic.

Related Concepts:

  • What were the founding years and the ultimate fate of the Kingdom of Nepal?: The Kingdom of Nepal was established in 1768 and lasted until 2008, when it was transformed into the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal. This marked the end of over two centuries of monarchy.
  • When was the monarchy officially abolished in Nepal, and what form of government replaced it?: The monarchy in Nepal was officially abolished on May 28, 2008. It was replaced by the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal.

King Prithvi Narayan Shah, the founder of the Kingdom of Nepal, was originally the monarch of the Sikkim Kingdom.

Answer: False

King Prithvi Narayan Shah, the founder of the unified Kingdom of Nepal, was the monarch of the Gorkha Kingdom, not the Sikkim Kingdom.

Related Concepts:

  • Who is credited with founding the Kingdom of Nepal and unifying the country?: King Prithvi Narayan Shah, the monarch of the Gorkha Kingdom, is credited with founding the Kingdom of Nepal. He achieved this through the expansion and unification of various small principalities.
  • What was the "Gorkha Kingdom"?: The Gorkha Kingdom was a small principality that, under King Prithvi Narayan Shah, expanded and unified various territories to form the Kingdom of Nepal in 1768.

During its existence, the Kingdom of Nepal was also known as the Gorkha Empire and sometimes referred to as 'Asal Hindustan'.

Answer: True

The Kingdom of Nepal was indeed known as the Gorkha Empire during its expansionist phase and was also referred to as 'Asal Hindustan', signifying its perceived status as the 'Real Land of the Hindus'.

Related Concepts:

  • What were some of the alternative names used for the Kingdom of Nepal during its existence?: The Kingdom of Nepal was also known as the Gorkha Empire, and sometimes referred to as "Asal Hindustan," which literally translates to "Real Land of the Hindus."
  • What was the "Gorkha Empire"?: The "Gorkha Empire" is another name used for the Kingdom of Nepal, particularly during its expansionist phase, originating from the Gorkha Kingdom founded by Prithvi Narayan Shah.

The name 'Gorkha' is derived from the Hindu deity Gorakhnath, after whom a temple in Gorkha village is dedicated.

Answer: True

The name 'Gorkha' is widely believed to originate from the Hindu saint Gorakhnath, after whom a significant temple in the village of Gorkha is consecrated.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the origin of the name "Gorkha" in relation to the kingdom?: The name "Gorkha" is believed to be derived from the Hindu mendicant-saint Gorakhnath, after whom a temple in the village of Gorkha is dedicated, alongside a temple for the female deity Gorakhkali.
  • What was the "Gorkha Kingdom"?: The Gorkha Kingdom was a small principality that, under King Prithvi Narayan Shah, expanded and unified various territories to form the Kingdom of Nepal in 1768.

The 'Nepa kingdom' is mentioned in classical texts like the Mahabharata as an early name for the region.

Answer: True

Classical texts, including the epic Mahabharata, reference the 'Nepa kingdom,' indicating an early historical presence and name for the region.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Nepa kingdom" mentioned in the context of the Mahabharata?: The "Nepa kingdom" is mentioned as a classical name for a kingdom in Nepal referenced in the Mahabharata epic, distinct from the later Kingdom of Nepal.

The Gorkhali Army was led by early commanders such as Kaji Kalu Pande and included leaders from the Pande, Basnyat, and Thapa dynasties.

Answer: True

The Gorkhali Army's early campaigns were significantly led by commanders like Kaji Kalu Pande, with leadership also drawn from prominent families such as the Pande, Basnyat, and Thapa dynasties.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Gorkhali Army" and who were its early commanders?: The Gorkhali Army was the military force of the Gorkha Kingdom, which expanded to form the Kingdom of Nepal. Early commanders included Kaji Kalu Pande, and noble families like the Pande, Basnyat, and Thapa dynasties provided leadership before the Rana rule.
  • Who was Kalu Pande, and what was his role in the unification of Nepal?: Kalu Pande was a prominent Kaji (chief minister) and commander of the Gorkhali forces. He played a vital role in the early military campaigns, including the victorious Battle of Nuwakot, contributing significantly to the unification efforts.
  • What was the "Gorkha Empire"?: The "Gorkha Empire" is another name used for the Kingdom of Nepal, particularly during its expansionist phase, originating from the Gorkha Kingdom founded by Prithvi Narayan Shah.

The Chhetri and Magar ethnic groups played roles in the early military structure, with Dravya Shah capturing Liglig-kot from the Magars.

Answer: True

Chhetri and Magar communities were integral to the early military structure of Gorkha; notably, Dravya Shah's capture of Liglig-kot from the Magars was a significant step in establishing Shah rule.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the role of the "Chhetri" and "Magar" ethnic groups in the early military structure of Gorkha?: Chhetri and Magar noble families played significant roles in the Gorkhali Army before the Rana dynasty, providing commanders and leaders. Dravya Shah, the founder of the Shah rule in Gorkha, is noted to have captured the Liglig-kot kingdom from the Magars.

The 'Gorkha Empire' is another name for the Kingdom of Nepal, particularly during its expansionist phase.

Answer: True

The term 'Gorkha Empire' is often used synonymously with the Kingdom of Nepal, especially referring to the period of its territorial expansion originating from the Gorkha Kingdom.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Gorkha Empire"?: The "Gorkha Empire" is another name used for the Kingdom of Nepal, particularly during its expansionist phase, originating from the Gorkha Kingdom founded by Prithvi Narayan Shah.
  • What was the "Gorkha Kingdom"?: The Gorkha Kingdom was a small principality that, under King Prithvi Narayan Shah, expanded and unified various territories to form the Kingdom of Nepal in 1768.
  • What was the "Gorkhali Army" and who were its early commanders?: The Gorkhali Army was the military force of the Gorkha Kingdom, which expanded to form the Kingdom of Nepal. Early commanders included Kaji Kalu Pande, and noble families like the Pande, Basnyat, and Thapa dynasties provided leadership before the Rana rule.

The Battle of Nuwakot in 1744, led by Prithvi Narayan Shah and Kalu Pande, was a crucial victory for Gorkhali expansion.

Answer: True

The Battle of Nuwakot in 1744, a significant military engagement led by Prithvi Narayan Shah and Kalu Pande, represented a crucial early victory that propelled the Gorkhali expansion efforts.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Battle of Nuwakot" and its significance?: The Battle of Nuwakot, fought on September 26, 1744, was the first major battle led by Prithvi Narayan Shah after unifying Gorkha. The Gorkhali forces, commanded by Kalu Pande, achieved a crucial victory, marking an important step in the campaign to conquer the Kathmandu Valley.
  • Who was Kalu Pande, and what was his role in the unification of Nepal?: Kalu Pande was a prominent Kaji (chief minister) and commander of the Gorkhali forces. He played a vital role in the early military campaigns, including the victorious Battle of Nuwakot, contributing significantly to the unification efforts.
  • What was the "Battle of Kirtipur" and its outcome?: The Battle of Kirtipur was a series of engagements during the Gorkhali conquest of the Kathmandu Valley. Despite initial setbacks and the death of Kalu Pande, the Gorkhalis eventually captured Kirtipur in 1767 after a third assault, a key victory that paved the way for the conquest of the entire valley.

The Battle of Kirtipur in 1767 marked the final conquest of the Kathmandu Valley by the Gorkhalis.

Answer: True

The capture of Kirtipur in 1767 was a decisive moment in the Gorkhali campaign, effectively marking the final stage of their conquest over the Kathmandu Valley.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Battle of Kirtipur" and its outcome?: The Battle of Kirtipur was a series of engagements during the Gorkhali conquest of the Kathmandu Valley. Despite initial setbacks and the death of Kalu Pande, the Gorkhalis eventually captured Kirtipur in 1767 after a third assault, a key victory that paved the way for the conquest of the entire valley.
  • What was the significance of the "Conquest of Kathmandu Valley" in 1768?: The Conquest of Kathmandu Valley in 1768, achieved by Prithvi Narayan Shah, marked the unification of Nepal under the Gorkha Kingdom. This event established Kathmandu as the capital and laid the foundation for the Kingdom of Nepal.
  • What was the "Gorkha Kingdom"?: The Gorkha Kingdom was a small principality that, under King Prithvi Narayan Shah, expanded and unified various territories to form the Kingdom of Nepal in 1768.

The Battle of Makwanpur in 1762 resulted in the annexation of Makwanpur by the Gorkhali forces.

Answer: True

The Battle of Makwanpur in 1762 concluded with the successful annexation of Makwanpur by the Gorkhali forces after its ruler fled.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Battle of Makwanpur" in 1762?: The Battle of Makwanpur in 1762 was a conflict where Gorkhali forces attacked Makwanpur. The battle lasted eight hours, resulting in the annexation of Makwanpur by the Gorkhali forces after its king and minister fled.

The Conquest of Kathmandu Valley in 1768 unified Nepal and established Kathmandu as the capital.

Answer: True

The unification of Nepal was achieved in 1768 with the Gorkhali conquest of the Kathmandu Valley, establishing Kathmandu as the new capital.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of the "Conquest of Kathmandu Valley" in 1768?: The Conquest of Kathmandu Valley in 1768, achieved by Prithvi Narayan Shah, marked the unification of Nepal under the Gorkha Kingdom. This event established Kathmandu as the capital and laid the foundation for the Kingdom of Nepal.
  • What was the "Gorkha Kingdom"?: The Gorkha Kingdom was a small principality that, under King Prithvi Narayan Shah, expanded and unified various territories to form the Kingdom of Nepal in 1768.
  • What was the "Battle of Kirtipur" and its outcome?: The Battle of Kirtipur was a series of engagements during the Gorkhali conquest of the Kathmandu Valley. Despite initial setbacks and the death of Kalu Pande, the Gorkhalis eventually captured Kirtipur in 1767 after a third assault, a key victory that paved the way for the conquest of the entire valley.

The Gorkha Kingdom was a small principality that unified territories to form the Kingdom of Nepal in 1768.

Answer: True

The Gorkha Kingdom, initially a small principality, successfully unified various territories to establish the Kingdom of Nepal in 1768.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Gorkha Kingdom"?: The Gorkha Kingdom was a small principality that, under King Prithvi Narayan Shah, expanded and unified various territories to form the Kingdom of Nepal in 1768.
  • What was the significance of the "Conquest of Kathmandu Valley" in 1768?: The Conquest of Kathmandu Valley in 1768, achieved by Prithvi Narayan Shah, marked the unification of Nepal under the Gorkha Kingdom. This event established Kathmandu as the capital and laid the foundation for the Kingdom of Nepal.
  • What was the "Gorkha Empire"?: The "Gorkha Empire" is another name used for the Kingdom of Nepal, particularly during its expansionist phase, originating from the Gorkha Kingdom founded by Prithvi Narayan Shah.

Who is credited with founding the Kingdom of Nepal by unifying various principalities?

Answer: King Prithvi Narayan Shah

King Prithvi Narayan Shah is credited with founding the Kingdom of Nepal through the unification of numerous small principalities.

Related Concepts:

  • Who is credited with founding the Kingdom of Nepal and unifying the country?: King Prithvi Narayan Shah, the monarch of the Gorkha Kingdom, is credited with founding the Kingdom of Nepal. He achieved this through the expansion and unification of various small principalities.
  • What was the "Gorkha Kingdom"?: The Gorkha Kingdom was a small principality that, under King Prithvi Narayan Shah, expanded and unified various territories to form the Kingdom of Nepal in 1768.
  • What was the significance of the "Conquest of Kathmandu Valley" in 1768?: The Conquest of Kathmandu Valley in 1768, achieved by Prithvi Narayan Shah, marked the unification of Nepal under the Gorkha Kingdom. This event established Kathmandu as the capital and laid the foundation for the Kingdom of Nepal.

What year marked the establishment of the Kingdom of Nepal?

Answer: 1768

The Kingdom of Nepal was established in 1768, marking the culmination of Prithvi Narayan Shah's unification efforts.

Related Concepts:

  • What were the founding years and the ultimate fate of the Kingdom of Nepal?: The Kingdom of Nepal was established in 1768 and lasted until 2008, when it was transformed into the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal. This marked the end of over two centuries of monarchy.
  • What was the "Gorkha Kingdom"?: The Gorkha Kingdom was a small principality that, under King Prithvi Narayan Shah, expanded and unified various territories to form the Kingdom of Nepal in 1768.
  • Who is credited with founding the Kingdom of Nepal and unifying the country?: King Prithvi Narayan Shah, the monarch of the Gorkha Kingdom, is credited with founding the Kingdom of Nepal. He achieved this through the expansion and unification of various small principalities.

Which of the following was an alternative name for the Kingdom of Nepal?

Answer: Asal Hindustan

'Asal Hindustan' was one of the alternative names used to refer to the Kingdom of Nepal, signifying its perceived status.

Related Concepts:

  • What were some of the alternative names used for the Kingdom of Nepal during its existence?: The Kingdom of Nepal was also known as the Gorkha Empire, and sometimes referred to as "Asal Hindustan," which literally translates to "Real Land of the Hindus."
  • What was the "Gorkha Empire"?: The "Gorkha Empire" is another name used for the Kingdom of Nepal, particularly during its expansionist phase, originating from the Gorkha Kingdom founded by Prithvi Narayan Shah.
  • What was the religious affiliation of the Kingdom of Nepal, and who was the head of state?: The Kingdom of Nepal was a Hindu kingdom, and its head of state was the King of Nepal, who belonged to the Shah dynasty.

The name 'Gorkha' is believed to be derived from which Hindu figure?

Answer: Gorakhnath

The name 'Gorkha' is widely believed to be derived from the Hindu mendicant-saint Gorakhnath.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the origin of the name "Gorkha" in relation to the kingdom?: The name "Gorkha" is believed to be derived from the Hindu mendicant-saint Gorakhnath, after whom a temple in the village of Gorkha is dedicated, alongside a temple for the female deity Gorakhkali.

Which battle, led by Prithvi Narayan Shah and Kalu Pande, was a crucial early victory for Gorkhali expansion?

Answer: Battle of Nuwakot

The Battle of Nuwakot in 1744, led by Prithvi Narayan Shah and Kalu Pande, was a pivotal early victory that significantly advanced Gorkhali expansion.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Battle of Nuwakot" and its significance?: The Battle of Nuwakot, fought on September 26, 1744, was the first major battle led by Prithvi Narayan Shah after unifying Gorkha. The Gorkhali forces, commanded by Kalu Pande, achieved a crucial victory, marking an important step in the campaign to conquer the Kathmandu Valley.
  • What was the "Battle of Kirtipur" and its outcome?: The Battle of Kirtipur was a series of engagements during the Gorkhali conquest of the Kathmandu Valley. Despite initial setbacks and the death of Kalu Pande, the Gorkhalis eventually captured Kirtipur in 1767 after a third assault, a key victory that paved the way for the conquest of the entire valley.
  • Who was Kalu Pande, and what was his role in the unification of Nepal?: Kalu Pande was a prominent Kaji (chief minister) and commander of the Gorkhali forces. He played a vital role in the early military campaigns, including the victorious Battle of Nuwakot, contributing significantly to the unification efforts.

What was the outcome of the Battle of Kirtipur in 1767?

Answer: Kirtipur was captured by the Gorkhalis, paving the way for valley conquest.

The capture of Kirtipur in 1767 was a critical Gorkhali victory that facilitated the subsequent conquest of the entire Kathmandu Valley.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Battle of Kirtipur" and its outcome?: The Battle of Kirtipur was a series of engagements during the Gorkhali conquest of the Kathmandu Valley. Despite initial setbacks and the death of Kalu Pande, the Gorkhalis eventually captured Kirtipur in 1767 after a third assault, a key victory that paved the way for the conquest of the entire valley.

Expansion, Diplomacy, and Internal Power Struggles (c.1800-1846)

In 1792, Nepal invaded Tibet and plundered the Tashi Lhunpo Monastery, leading to Chinese military intervention.

Answer: True

The 1792 invasion of Tibet by Nepal, which included the plundering of the Tashi Lhunpo Monastery, prompted Chinese intervention under the Qianlong Emperor.

Related Concepts:

  • What significant event occurred in 1792 involving Nepal, Tibet, and China?: In 1792, Nepali forces invaded Tibet and plundered the Tashi Lhunpo Monastery. This led to Tibet seeking military support from China, resulting in a campaign led by Fuk'anggan, which eventually ended in negotiations after facing resistance at Nuwakot.
  • What was the "Sino-Nepalese War" and its outcome?: The Sino-Nepalese War (1788-1791) occurred when Nepal invaded Tibet. China, under the Qianlong Emperor, sent forces led by Fuk'anggan, resulting in a stalemate and negotiations, with Nepal ultimately retreating to Nuwakot.

Damodar Pande was a key figure who supported King Rana Bahadur Shah's return to power and was later appointed as Mukhtiyar.

Answer: False

Damodar Pande, a prominent Mulkaji, opposed King Rana Bahadur Shah's return to power and was subsequently executed in 1804, prior to Bhimsen Thapa's rise as Mukhtiyar.

Related Concepts:

  • Who was Damodar Pande, and what was his role in Nepalese politics in the late 18th and early 19th centuries?: Damodar Pande was a prominent Mulkaji (chief minister) and a member of the influential Pande family. He played a significant role in Nepalese politics, including opposing the former king Rana Bahadur Shah's return to power, but was eventually beheaded in 1804.
  • What was the significance of the "Battle of Khurbura" in 1804?: The Battle of Khurbura in 1804 was a conflict that led to the execution of Damodar Pande and the reinstatement of King Rana Bahadur Shah. This event marked a shift in power dynamics within the Nepalese court.

Bhimsen Thapa became the Mukhtiyar of Nepal after instigating the Bhandarkhal massacre in 1806.

Answer: True

Following the assassination of King Rana Bahadur Shah in 1806, Bhimsen Thapa consolidated his power by orchestrating the Bhandarkhal massacre, eliminating rivals, and assuming the position of Mukhtiyar.

Related Concepts:

  • How did Bhimsen Thapa rise to prominence in Nepal?: Bhimsen Thapa rose to power following the assassination of King Rana Bahadur Shah in 1806. He instigated the Bhandarkhal massacre, eliminating political rivals, and became the Mukhtiyar (chief authority), effectively ruling Nepal from 1806 to 1837.
  • What was the "1806 Bhandarkhal massacre" and its consequence?: The 1806 Bhandarkhal massacre followed the death of King Rana Bahadur Shah. It led to the rise of Bhimsen Thapa, who consolidated power by eliminating rivals and becoming the Mukhtiyar, effectively ruling Nepal.
  • What was the "1806 Bhandarkhal massacre" and its consequence?: The 1806 Bhandarkhal massacre followed the death of King Rana Bahadur Shah. It led to the rise of Bhimsen Thapa, who consolidated power by eliminating rivals and becoming the Mukhtiyar, effectively ruling Nepal.

The Anglo-Nepalese War (1814-1816) concluded with Nepal gaining control over Sikkim and parts of the Terai region.

Answer: False

The Anglo-Nepalese War resulted in Nepal's defeat, leading to the cession of territories, including Sikkim and parts of the Terai region, to the British East India Company under the Treaty of Sugauli.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the outcome of the Anglo-Nepalese War (1814-1816) for Nepal?: The Anglo-Nepalese War resulted in Nepal's defeat by the East India Company. Under the Treaty of Sugauli, Nepal ceded significant territories, including parts of the Terai and Sikkim, to the East India Company, establishing the Mechi and Sharda rivers as the new boundaries.
  • What was the significance of the Treaty of Sugauli for Nepal's territorial integrity?: The Treaty of Sugauli, signed in 1816 after the Anglo-Nepalese War, forced Nepal to cede substantial territories, including parts of the Terai region and Sikkim, to the British East India Company. This treaty defined the western and eastern borders of Nepal with the Sharda and Mechi rivers, respectively.
  • What territories did Nepal cede according to the Treaty of Sugauli?: According to the Treaty of Sugauli, Nepal ceded territories in the Terai region and Sikkim to the British East India Company. These lands constituted nearly one-third of Nepal's territory at the time.

The Treaty of Sugauli, signed in 1816, established the Mechi and Sharda rivers as the new boundaries for Nepal with British India.

Answer: True

The Treaty of Sugauli, signed in 1816 following the Anglo-Nepalese War, demarcated Nepal's western border along the Sharda River and its eastern border along the Mechi River, ceding significant territories to the British.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of the Treaty of Sugauli for Nepal's territorial integrity?: The Treaty of Sugauli, signed in 1816 after the Anglo-Nepalese War, forced Nepal to cede substantial territories, including parts of the Terai region and Sikkim, to the British East India Company. This treaty defined the western and eastern borders of Nepal with the Sharda and Mechi rivers, respectively.
  • What territories did Nepal cede according to the Treaty of Sugauli?: According to the Treaty of Sugauli, Nepal ceded territories in the Terai region and Sikkim to the British East India Company. These lands constituted nearly one-third of Nepal's territory at the time.
  • What was the outcome of the Anglo-Nepalese War (1814-1816) for Nepal?: The Anglo-Nepalese War resulted in Nepal's defeat by the East India Company. Under the Treaty of Sugauli, Nepal ceded significant territories, including parts of the Terai and Sikkim, to the East India Company, establishing the Mechi and Sharda rivers as the new boundaries.

Before the Rana dynasty, the Pande, Basnyat, and Thapa families were influential military leaders in Nepal.

Answer: True

Prior to the Rana dynasty's consolidation of power, families such as the Pande, Basnyat, and Thapa held significant influence as military leaders and held key positions within the Nepalese administration.

Related Concepts:

  • What were the key military families that held influence before the Rana dynasty's rule?: Before the Rana dynasty's ascendancy, influential military families included the Pande family, the Basnyat family, and the Thapa dynasty, who often held positions like Kaji.
  • What was the "Gorkhali Army" and who were its early commanders?: The Gorkhali Army was the military force of the Gorkha Kingdom, which expanded to form the Kingdom of Nepal. Early commanders included Kaji Kalu Pande, and noble families like the Pande, Basnyat, and Thapa dynasties provided leadership before the Rana rule.
  • How did the Rana dynasty come to power in Nepal?: The Rana dynasty ascended to power following the Kot Massacre in 1846. Jung Bahadur Rana emerged victorious from the ensuing power struggle, establishing the Rana rule where the Prime Minister held absolute power, reducing the Shah monarch to a figurehead.

The 'Mulkaji' was a title for a high-ranking official, often equivalent to Prime Minister, in the Nepalese government.

Answer: True

The title 'Mulkaji' denoted a high-ranking official within the Nepalese government, often serving in a capacity equivalent to that of a Prime Minister.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Mulkaji" position in the Kingdom of Nepal?: The Mulkaji was a high-ranking official position, often equivalent to a Prime Minister, within the Nepalese government, particularly during the periods of Shah and Rana rule.
  • Who was Damodar Pande, and what was his role in Nepalese politics in the late 18th and early 19th centuries?: Damodar Pande was a prominent Mulkaji (chief minister) and a member of the influential Pande family. He played a significant role in Nepalese politics, including opposing the former king Rana Bahadur Shah's return to power, but was eventually beheaded in 1804.

The Sino-Nepalese War (1788-1791) resulted in Nepal's victory and expansion into Tibet.

Answer: False

The Sino-Nepalese War (1788-1791) concluded with a stalemate and subsequent negotiations, rather than a decisive Nepalese victory and expansion into Tibet.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Sino-Nepalese War" and its outcome?: The Sino-Nepalese War (1788-1791) occurred when Nepal invaded Tibet. China, under the Qianlong Emperor, sent forces led by Fuk'anggan, resulting in a stalemate and negotiations, with Nepal ultimately retreating to Nuwakot.
  • What significant event occurred in 1792 involving Nepal, Tibet, and China?: In 1792, Nepali forces invaded Tibet and plundered the Tashi Lhunpo Monastery. This led to Tibet seeking military support from China, resulting in a campaign led by Fuk'anggan, which eventually ended in negotiations after facing resistance at Nuwakot.

The 1806 Bhandarkhal massacre led to the rise of Bhimsen Thapa as the effective ruler of Nepal.

Answer: True

The Bhandarkhal massacre in 1806, occurring after King Rana Bahadur Shah's assassination, facilitated Bhimsen Thapa's consolidation of power, establishing him as the Mukhtiyar and de facto ruler of Nepal.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "1806 Bhandarkhal massacre" and its consequence?: The 1806 Bhandarkhal massacre followed the death of King Rana Bahadur Shah. It led to the rise of Bhimsen Thapa, who consolidated power by eliminating rivals and becoming the Mukhtiyar, effectively ruling Nepal.
  • What was the "1806 Bhandarkhal massacre" and its consequence?: The 1806 Bhandarkhal massacre followed the death of King Rana Bahadur Shah. It led to the rise of Bhimsen Thapa, who consolidated power by eliminating rivals and becoming the Mukhtiyar, effectively ruling Nepal.
  • How did Bhimsen Thapa rise to prominence in Nepal?: Bhimsen Thapa rose to power following the assassination of King Rana Bahadur Shah in 1806. He instigated the Bhandarkhal massacre, eliminating political rivals, and became the Mukhtiyar (chief authority), effectively ruling Nepal from 1806 to 1837.

Nepal ceded territories including Sikkim and parts of the Terai region to the British East India Company after the Treaty of Sugauli.

Answer: True

The Treaty of Sugauli, signed in 1816, mandated that Nepal cede significant territories, including Sikkim and portions of the Terai region, to the British East India Company.

Related Concepts:

  • What territories did Nepal cede according to the Treaty of Sugauli?: According to the Treaty of Sugauli, Nepal ceded territories in the Terai region and Sikkim to the British East India Company. These lands constituted nearly one-third of Nepal's territory at the time.
  • What was the significance of the Treaty of Sugauli for Nepal's territorial integrity?: The Treaty of Sugauli, signed in 1816 after the Anglo-Nepalese War, forced Nepal to cede substantial territories, including parts of the Terai region and Sikkim, to the British East India Company. This treaty defined the western and eastern borders of Nepal with the Sharda and Mechi rivers, respectively.
  • What was the outcome of the Anglo-Nepalese War (1814-1816) for Nepal?: The Anglo-Nepalese War resulted in Nepal's defeat by the East India Company. Under the Treaty of Sugauli, Nepal ceded significant territories, including parts of the Terai and Sikkim, to the East India Company, establishing the Mechi and Sharda rivers as the new boundaries.

The Treaty of Thapathali, signed in 1856, was a peace agreement following the Third Nepalese Tibet War that favored Tibet.

Answer: False

The Treaty of Thapathali, signed in 1856 after the Third Nepalese Tibet War, was actually more favorable to Nepal, securing territorial gains and tribute from Tibet.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Treaty of Thapathali" and when was it signed?: The Treaty of Thapathali was signed in January 1856, following the Third Nepalese Tibet War. It was a peace agreement that was more favorable to Nepal, negotiated after Jung Bahadur Rana's forces achieved victories against Tibetan forces.
  • What was the "Third Nepalese Tibet War"?: The Third Nepalese Tibet War occurred in 1855-1856, where Jung Bahadur Rana sent forces to attack Tibet. The war concluded with the signing of the Treaty of Thapathali in 1856, which was more favorable to Nepal.
  • What significant event occurred in 1792 involving Nepal, Tibet, and China?: In 1792, Nepali forces invaded Tibet and plundered the Tashi Lhunpo Monastery. This led to Tibet seeking military support from China, resulting in a campaign led by Fuk'anggan, which eventually ended in negotiations after facing resistance at Nuwakot.

The Third Nepalese Tibet War concluded with the Treaty of Thapathali, which was more favorable to Tibet.

Answer: False

The Third Nepalese Tibet War concluded with the Treaty of Thapathali in 1856, which was more favorable to Nepal, securing territorial concessions and tribute from Tibet.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Third Nepalese Tibet War"?: The Third Nepalese Tibet War occurred in 1855-1856, where Jung Bahadur Rana sent forces to attack Tibet. The war concluded with the signing of the Treaty of Thapathali in 1856, which was more favorable to Nepal.
  • What was the "Treaty of Thapathali" and when was it signed?: The Treaty of Thapathali was signed in January 1856, following the Third Nepalese Tibet War. It was a peace agreement that was more favorable to Nepal, negotiated after Jung Bahadur Rana's forces achieved victories against Tibetan forces.
  • What significant event occurred in 1792 involving Nepal, Tibet, and China?: In 1792, Nepali forces invaded Tibet and plundered the Tashi Lhunpo Monastery. This led to Tibet seeking military support from China, resulting in a campaign led by Fuk'anggan, which eventually ended in negotiations after facing resistance at Nuwakot.

The Battle of Khurbura in 1804 led to the execution of Damodar Pande and the reinstatement of King Rana Bahadur Shah.

Answer: True

The Battle of Khurbura in 1804 resulted in the execution of Damodar Pande and marked the return of King Rana Bahadur Shah to political prominence.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of the "Battle of Khurbura" in 1804?: The Battle of Khurbura in 1804 was a conflict that led to the execution of Damodar Pande and the reinstatement of King Rana Bahadur Shah. This event marked a shift in power dynamics within the Nepalese court.
  • Who was Damodar Pande, and what was his role in Nepalese politics in the late 18th and early 19th centuries?: Damodar Pande was a prominent Mulkaji (chief minister) and a member of the influential Pande family. He played a significant role in Nepalese politics, including opposing the former king Rana Bahadur Shah's return to power, but was eventually beheaded in 1804.

What significant event involving Nepal, Tibet, and China occurred in 1792?

Answer: Nepali forces invaded Tibet, leading to Chinese military intervention.

In 1792, Nepal's invasion of Tibet prompted Chinese military intervention, highlighting the complex geopolitical dynamics of the region.

Related Concepts:

  • What significant event occurred in 1792 involving Nepal, Tibet, and China?: In 1792, Nepali forces invaded Tibet and plundered the Tashi Lhunpo Monastery. This led to Tibet seeking military support from China, resulting in a campaign led by Fuk'anggan, which eventually ended in negotiations after facing resistance at Nuwakot.
  • What was the "Sino-Nepalese War" and its outcome?: The Sino-Nepalese War (1788-1791) occurred when Nepal invaded Tibet. China, under the Qianlong Emperor, sent forces led by Fuk'anggan, resulting in a stalemate and negotiations, with Nepal ultimately retreating to Nuwakot.

Who was Damodar Pande, and what was his role in Nepalese politics in the late 18th and early 19th centuries?

Answer: A Mulkaji who opposed King Rana Bahadur Shah's return and was executed.

Damodar Pande served as a Mulkaji and was a significant political figure who opposed King Rana Bahadur Shah's return to power, ultimately leading to his execution.

Related Concepts:

  • Who was Damodar Pande, and what was his role in Nepalese politics in the late 18th and early 19th centuries?: Damodar Pande was a prominent Mulkaji (chief minister) and a member of the influential Pande family. He played a significant role in Nepalese politics, including opposing the former king Rana Bahadur Shah's return to power, but was eventually beheaded in 1804.
  • What was the significance of the "Battle of Khurbura" in 1804?: The Battle of Khurbura in 1804 was a conflict that led to the execution of Damodar Pande and the reinstatement of King Rana Bahadur Shah. This event marked a shift in power dynamics within the Nepalese court.

How did Bhimsen Thapa consolidate power in Nepal around 1806?

Answer: By instigating the Bhandarkhal massacre and eliminating rivals.

Bhimsen Thapa consolidated his power following the events of 1806 by orchestrating the Bhandarkhal massacre, which eliminated his political opponents.

Related Concepts:

  • How did Bhimsen Thapa rise to prominence in Nepal?: Bhimsen Thapa rose to power following the assassination of King Rana Bahadur Shah in 1806. He instigated the Bhandarkhal massacre, eliminating political rivals, and became the Mukhtiyar (chief authority), effectively ruling Nepal from 1806 to 1837.
  • What was the "1806 Bhandarkhal massacre" and its consequence?: The 1806 Bhandarkhal massacre followed the death of King Rana Bahadur Shah. It led to the rise of Bhimsen Thapa, who consolidated power by eliminating rivals and becoming the Mukhtiyar, effectively ruling Nepal.
  • What was the "1806 Bhandarkhal massacre" and its consequence?: The 1806 Bhandarkhal massacre followed the death of King Rana Bahadur Shah. It led to the rise of Bhimsen Thapa, who consolidated power by eliminating rivals and becoming the Mukhtiyar, effectively ruling Nepal.

What was a major consequence for Nepal following the Anglo-Nepalese War (1814-1816)?

Answer: Nepal ceded significant territories, including parts of the Terai and Sikkim, to the East India Company.

A primary consequence of the Anglo-Nepalese War was Nepal's territorial concessions, including Sikkim and parts of the Terai region, to the British East India Company under the Treaty of Sugauli.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the outcome of the Anglo-Nepalese War (1814-1816) for Nepal?: The Anglo-Nepalese War resulted in Nepal's defeat by the East India Company. Under the Treaty of Sugauli, Nepal ceded significant territories, including parts of the Terai and Sikkim, to the East India Company, establishing the Mechi and Sharda rivers as the new boundaries.
  • What territories did Nepal cede according to the Treaty of Sugauli?: According to the Treaty of Sugauli, Nepal ceded territories in the Terai region and Sikkim to the British East India Company. These lands constituted nearly one-third of Nepal's territory at the time.
  • What was the significance of the Treaty of Sugauli for Nepal's territorial integrity?: The Treaty of Sugauli, signed in 1816 after the Anglo-Nepalese War, forced Nepal to cede substantial territories, including parts of the Terai region and Sikkim, to the British East India Company. This treaty defined the western and eastern borders of Nepal with the Sharda and Mechi rivers, respectively.

Which treaty defined Nepal's new boundaries with the Mechi and Sharda rivers after the Anglo-Nepalese War?

Answer: Treaty of Sugauli

The Treaty of Sugauli, signed in 1816, established the Mechi and Sharda rivers as the new boundaries between Nepal and British India following the Anglo-Nepalese War.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the outcome of the Anglo-Nepalese War (1814-1816) for Nepal?: The Anglo-Nepalese War resulted in Nepal's defeat by the East India Company. Under the Treaty of Sugauli, Nepal ceded significant territories, including parts of the Terai and Sikkim, to the East India Company, establishing the Mechi and Sharda rivers as the new boundaries.
  • What was the significance of the Treaty of Sugauli for Nepal's territorial integrity?: The Treaty of Sugauli, signed in 1816 after the Anglo-Nepalese War, forced Nepal to cede substantial territories, including parts of the Terai region and Sikkim, to the British East India Company. This treaty defined the western and eastern borders of Nepal with the Sharda and Mechi rivers, respectively.
  • What territories did Nepal cede according to the Treaty of Sugauli?: According to the Treaty of Sugauli, Nepal ceded territories in the Terai region and Sikkim to the British East India Company. These lands constituted nearly one-third of Nepal's territory at the time.

Which influential families held key military positions before the Rana dynasty's rule?

Answer: The Pande, Basnyat, and Thapa families

Before the Rana dynasty's ascendancy, the Pande, Basnyat, and Thapa families were prominent military leaders and held key positions in the Nepalese administration.

Related Concepts:

  • What were the key military families that held influence before the Rana dynasty's rule?: Before the Rana dynasty's ascendancy, influential military families included the Pande family, the Basnyat family, and the Thapa dynasty, who often held positions like Kaji.
  • What was the "Gorkhali Army" and who were its early commanders?: The Gorkhali Army was the military force of the Gorkha Kingdom, which expanded to form the Kingdom of Nepal. Early commanders included Kaji Kalu Pande, and noble families like the Pande, Basnyat, and Thapa dynasties provided leadership before the Rana rule.
  • What was the role of the "Chhetri" and "Magar" ethnic groups in the early military structure of Gorkha?: Chhetri and Magar noble families played significant roles in the Gorkhali Army before the Rana dynasty, providing commanders and leaders. Dravya Shah, the founder of the Shah rule in Gorkha, is noted to have captured the Liglig-kot kingdom from the Magars.

The Third Nepalese Tibet War concluded with which treaty in 1856?

Answer: Treaty of Thapathali

The Third Nepalese Tibet War concluded with the signing of the Treaty of Thapathali in 1856.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Third Nepalese Tibet War"?: The Third Nepalese Tibet War occurred in 1855-1856, where Jung Bahadur Rana sent forces to attack Tibet. The war concluded with the signing of the Treaty of Thapathali in 1856, which was more favorable to Nepal.
  • What was the "Treaty of Thapathali" and when was it signed?: The Treaty of Thapathali was signed in January 1856, following the Third Nepalese Tibet War. It was a peace agreement that was more favorable to Nepal, negotiated after Jung Bahadur Rana's forces achieved victories against Tibetan forces.
  • What was the "Sino-Nepalese War" and its outcome?: The Sino-Nepalese War (1788-1791) occurred when Nepal invaded Tibet. China, under the Qianlong Emperor, sent forces led by Fuk'anggan, resulting in a stalemate and negotiations, with Nepal ultimately retreating to Nuwakot.

The Rana Autocracy and Anglo-Nepalese Relations (1846-1951)

The Rana dynasty came to power in Nepal following the Battle of Nuwakot in 1744.

Answer: False

The Rana dynasty ascended to power in 1846, following the Kot Massacre, not the Battle of Nuwakot in 1744, which was an earlier Gorkhali military victory.

Related Concepts:

  • How did the Rana dynasty come to power in Nepal?: The Rana dynasty ascended to power following the Kot Massacre in 1846. Jung Bahadur Rana emerged victorious from the ensuing power struggle, establishing the Rana rule where the Prime Minister held absolute power, reducing the Shah monarch to a figurehead.
  • What was the "Battle of Nuwakot" and its significance?: The Battle of Nuwakot, fought on September 26, 1744, was the first major battle led by Prithvi Narayan Shah after unifying Gorkha. The Gorkhali forces, commanded by Kalu Pande, achieved a crucial victory, marking an important step in the campaign to conquer the Kathmandu Valley.

Rana rule in Nepal, lasting from 1846 to 1951, was characterized by hereditary Prime Ministers holding absolute power.

Answer: True

The Rana rule, which spanned from 1846 to 1951, established an autocratic system where hereditary Prime Ministers wielded supreme authority, reducing the Shah monarchs to ceremonial figures.

Related Concepts:

  • What characterized the Rana rule in Nepal?: The Rana rule, which lasted from 1846 to 1951, was an autocratic system led by hereditary Prime Ministers from the Rana family. It was marked by tyranny, economic exploitation, and religious persecution, while the Shah kings were largely ceremonial figures.
  • How did the Rana dynasty come to power in Nepal?: The Rana dynasty ascended to power following the Kot Massacre in 1846. Jung Bahadur Rana emerged victorious from the ensuing power struggle, establishing the Rana rule where the Prime Minister held absolute power, reducing the Shah monarch to a figurehead.

The 'Naya Muluk' refers to lands in the Himalayas returned to Nepal by the British in 1860.

Answer: False

The 'Naya Muluk' refers to lands in the Terai region that were returned to Nepal by the British in 1860, not lands in the Himalayas.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Naya Muluk" and how did Nepal regain it?: The "Naya Muluk" refers to certain lands in the Terai region that were returned to Nepal by the British in 1860 as a reward for Nepal's support during the Indian Rebellion of 1857.
  • What was the "Naya Muluk" and how did Nepal regain it?: The "Naya Muluk" refers to certain lands in the Terai region that were returned to Nepal by the British in 1860 as a reward for Nepal's support during the Indian Rebellion of 1857.

The 'Pajani' system was an annual renewal process for court officials that could indicate shifts in political power.

Answer: True

The 'Pajani' system involved an annual review and renewal of appointments for court officials, serving as a mechanism that could signal changes in political influence and power dynamics.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Pajani" system in Nepalese court politics?: The "Pajani" was an annual renewal system for court officials in Nepal. It determined promotions and dismissals, and changes in the Pajani could signify shifts in political power, as seen with Swarup Singh Karki's rise after King Prithvi Narayan Shah's death.
  • What was the significance of the Bhandarkhal garden in Nepalese political history?: The Bhandarkhal garden was the site of a tribunal meeting in 1785 where Vamsharaj Pande was tried and executed for treason, marking a period of political intrigue and purges within the Nepalese court.

The Bhandarkhal garden was the site where Jung Bahadur Rana consolidated his power after the Kot Massacre.

Answer: True

The Bhandarkhal garden served as the location for a tribunal following the Kot Massacre, where Jung Bahadur Rana eliminated political rivals, thereby consolidating his power and paving the way for the Rana dynasty.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Kot Massacre" and its consequence?: The Kot Massacre, occurring in 1846, was a violent event stemming from a plot against Jung Bahadur Rana by Queen Rajya Lakshmi Devi. Jung Bahadur emerged victorious, leading to the establishment of the Rana dynasty and his own rise to power as Prime Minister.
  • What was the "Kot Massacre" and its consequence?: The Kot Massacre, occurring in 1846, was a violent event stemming from a plot against Jung Bahadur Rana by Queen Rajya Lakshmi Devi. Jung Bahadur emerged victorious, leading to the establishment of the Rana dynasty and his own rise to power as Prime Minister.
  • What was the "1846 Bhandarkhal massacre"?: The 1846 Bhandarkhal massacre was an event that followed the Kot Massacre, further consolidating the power of the Rana dynasty. It involved the execution of political opponents and solidified the hereditary nature of the Prime Minister's office within the Rana family.

The 'Jayatu Sanskritam' movement advocated for the promotion of English language education in Nepal around 1947.

Answer: False

The 'Jayatu Sanskritam' movement, active around 1947, advocated for the promotion and preservation of Sanskrit language and education, not English language education.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Jayatu Sanskritam" movement in Nepal?: The "Jayatu Sanskritam" was a movement in Nepal, occurring around 1947, that advocated for the promotion and preservation of Sanskrit language and education, reflecting cultural and linguistic currents of the time.

The Kot Massacre in 1846 led to the establishment of the Rana dynasty and Jung Bahadur Rana's rise to power.

Answer: True

The Kot Massacre of 1846 was a pivotal event that resulted in the consolidation of power by Jung Bahadur Rana, leading to the establishment of the hereditary Rana dynasty and his own ascent as Prime Minister.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Kot Massacre" and its consequence?: The Kot Massacre, occurring in 1846, was a violent event stemming from a plot against Jung Bahadur Rana by Queen Rajya Lakshmi Devi. Jung Bahadur emerged victorious, leading to the establishment of the Rana dynasty and his own rise to power as Prime Minister.
  • What was the "Kot Massacre" and its consequence?: The Kot Massacre, occurring in 1846, was a violent event stemming from a plot against Jung Bahadur Rana by Queen Rajya Lakshmi Devi. Jung Bahadur emerged victorious, leading to the establishment of the Rana dynasty and his own rise to power as Prime Minister.
  • How did the Rana dynasty come to power in Nepal?: The Rana dynasty ascended to power following the Kot Massacre in 1846. Jung Bahadur Rana emerged victorious from the ensuing power struggle, establishing the Rana rule where the Prime Minister held absolute power, reducing the Shah monarch to a figurehead.

The Nepal-Britain Treaty of 1923 formally recognized Nepal's independence and upgraded the British representative to an envoy.

Answer: True

The Nepal-Britain Treaty of 1923 marked a significant diplomatic milestone by formally recognizing Nepal's perpetual independence and elevating the status of the British representative in Kathmandu to that of an envoy.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of the Nepal-Britain Treaty of 1923?: The Nepal-Britain Treaty of 1923 formally recognized Nepal's perpetual peace and friendship with Britain, superseding the earlier Treaty of Sugauli. It also upgraded the British representative in Kathmandu to an envoy, acknowledging Nepal's independent status.
  • What territories did Nepal cede according to the Treaty of Sugauli?: According to the Treaty of Sugauli, Nepal ceded territories in the Terai region and Sikkim to the British East India Company. These lands constituted nearly one-third of Nepal's territory at the time.
  • What was the outcome of the Anglo-Nepalese War (1814-1816) for Nepal?: The Anglo-Nepalese War resulted in Nepal's defeat by the East India Company. Under the Treaty of Sugauli, Nepal ceded significant territories, including parts of the Terai and Sikkim, to the East India Company, establishing the Mechi and Sharda rivers as the new boundaries.

The 1846 Bhandarkhal massacre was an event that preceded the Kot Massacre and led to the rise of the Rana dynasty.

Answer: False

The Bhandarkhal massacre occurred after the Kot Massacre in 1846, serving to further consolidate the Rana dynasty's power, rather than preceding it.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "1846 Bhandarkhal massacre"?: The 1846 Bhandarkhal massacre was an event that followed the Kot Massacre, further consolidating the power of the Rana dynasty. It involved the execution of political opponents and solidified the hereditary nature of the Prime Minister's office within the Rana family.
  • What was the "1806 Bhandarkhal massacre" and its consequence?: The 1806 Bhandarkhal massacre followed the death of King Rana Bahadur Shah. It led to the rise of Bhimsen Thapa, who consolidated power by eliminating rivals and becoming the Mukhtiyar, effectively ruling Nepal.
  • What was the "1806 Bhandarkhal massacre" and its consequence?: The 1806 Bhandarkhal massacre followed the death of King Rana Bahadur Shah. It led to the rise of Bhimsen Thapa, who consolidated power by eliminating rivals and becoming the Mukhtiyar, effectively ruling Nepal.

The Rana dynasty was established following which event in 1846?

Answer: The Kot Massacre

The Rana dynasty was established in 1846 as a direct consequence of the Kot Massacre, which led to Jung Bahadur Rana's rise to power.

Related Concepts:

  • How did the Rana dynasty come to power in Nepal?: The Rana dynasty ascended to power following the Kot Massacre in 1846. Jung Bahadur Rana emerged victorious from the ensuing power struggle, establishing the Rana rule where the Prime Minister held absolute power, reducing the Shah monarch to a figurehead.
  • What characterized the Rana rule in Nepal?: The Rana rule, which lasted from 1846 to 1951, was an autocratic system led by hereditary Prime Ministers from the Rana family. It was marked by tyranny, economic exploitation, and religious persecution, while the Shah kings were largely ceremonial figures.
  • What was the "1846 Bhandarkhal massacre"?: The 1846 Bhandarkhal massacre was an event that followed the Kot Massacre, further consolidating the power of the Rana dynasty. It involved the execution of political opponents and solidified the hereditary nature of the Prime Minister's office within the Rana family.

What characterized the Rana rule in Nepal from 1846 to 1951?

Answer: An autocratic system led by hereditary Prime Ministers.

Rana rule, from 1846 to 1951, was defined by an autocratic system where hereditary Prime Ministers held absolute power, significantly diminishing the role of the monarchy.

Related Concepts:

  • What characterized the Rana rule in Nepal?: The Rana rule, which lasted from 1846 to 1951, was an autocratic system led by hereditary Prime Ministers from the Rana family. It was marked by tyranny, economic exploitation, and religious persecution, while the Shah kings were largely ceremonial figures.
  • How did the Rana dynasty come to power in Nepal?: The Rana dynasty ascended to power following the Kot Massacre in 1846. Jung Bahadur Rana emerged victorious from the ensuing power struggle, establishing the Rana rule where the Prime Minister held absolute power, reducing the Shah monarch to a figurehead.

What was the 'Naya Muluk'?

Answer: Lands in the Terai region returned to Nepal by the British in 1860.

The 'Naya Muluk' refers to specific lands in the Terai region that were returned to Nepal by the British in 1860 as a reward for Nepal's support during the Indian Rebellion of 1857.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Naya Muluk" and how did Nepal regain it?: The "Naya Muluk" refers to certain lands in the Terai region that were returned to Nepal by the British in 1860 as a reward for Nepal's support during the Indian Rebellion of 1857.
  • What was the "Naya Muluk" and how did Nepal regain it?: The "Naya Muluk" refers to certain lands in the Terai region that were returned to Nepal by the British in 1860 as a reward for Nepal's support during the Indian Rebellion of 1857.

The 'Pajani' system in Nepalese court politics was significant because it:

Answer: Was an annual renewal system for court officials that could signal political shifts.

The 'Pajani' system was significant as an annual renewal process for court officials, the changes within which could indicate shifts in political power and favor.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Pajani" system in Nepalese court politics?: The "Pajani" was an annual renewal system for court officials in Nepal. It determined promotions and dismissals, and changes in the Pajani could signify shifts in political power, as seen with Swarup Singh Karki's rise after King Prithvi Narayan Shah's death.

What significant change did the Nepal-Britain Treaty of 1923 bring about?

Answer: It formally recognized Nepal's independence and upgraded the British representative.

The Nepal-Britain Treaty of 1923 formally acknowledged Nepal's independence and elevated the status of the British representative to that of an envoy.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of the Nepal-Britain Treaty of 1923?: The Nepal-Britain Treaty of 1923 formally recognized Nepal's perpetual peace and friendship with Britain, superseding the earlier Treaty of Sugauli. It also upgraded the British representative in Kathmandu to an envoy, acknowledging Nepal's independent status.
  • What territories did Nepal cede according to the Treaty of Sugauli?: According to the Treaty of Sugauli, Nepal ceded territories in the Terai region and Sikkim to the British East India Company. These lands constituted nearly one-third of Nepal's territory at the time.
  • What was the outcome of the Anglo-Nepalese War (1814-1816) for Nepal?: The Anglo-Nepalese War resulted in Nepal's defeat by the East India Company. Under the Treaty of Sugauli, Nepal ceded significant territories, including parts of the Terai and Sikkim, to the East India Company, establishing the Mechi and Sharda rivers as the new boundaries.

Democratic Aspirations and Political Instability (1951-2008)

King Tribhuvan's decision to seek asylum in India in 1950 was instrumental in the downfall of the Rana regime.

Answer: True

King Tribhuvan's flight to India in 1950 galvanized opposition to the Rana regime, sparking an armed revolt that ultimately led to the end of the Rana autocracy and the restoration of the Shah monarchy's influence.

Related Concepts:

  • What role did King Tribhuvan play in Nepal's transition towards democracy?: King Tribhuvan played a crucial role by seeking asylum in India in 1950, which triggered an armed revolt against the Rana regime. This action led to the eventual downfall of the Rana autocracy and the restoration of the Shah family's influence, paving the way for democratic reforms.
  • What was the "1951 Nepalese revolution"?: The 1951 Nepalese revolution was a significant political movement that led to the end of the autocratic Rana regime. It involved King Tribhuvan's flight to India and an armed revolt, ultimately resulting in the restoration of the Shah monarchy and the establishment of a more representative government.

The Panchayat system, established by King Mahendra in 1960, was a multi-party democratic system.

Answer: False

The Panchayat system, introduced by King Mahendra in 1960, was a 'partyless' council system designed to consolidate royal authority, not a multi-party democratic system.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the Panchayat system in Nepal?: The Panchayat system was a "partyless" council system established by King Mahendra in 1960, based on Nepalese traditions. It constitutionally entrenched the absolute power of the monarchy, with the King as the ultimate authority over all governmental institutions.
  • What was the "Back to the Village National Campaign" in Nepal?: The "Back to the Village National Campaign" was a program initiated in Nepal from 1967 to 1975, part of the Panchayat system, aimed at decentralizing administration and promoting local governance, though it ultimately reinforced the monarchy's control.

The 1990 People's Movement (Jana Andolan) resulted in the establishment of a parliamentary monarchy in Nepal.

Answer: True

The 1990 People's Movement (Jana Andolan) successfully pressured the monarchy to accept constitutional reforms, leading to the establishment of a parliamentary monarchy and the first multi-party elections in decades.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "1990 Nepalese revolution" also known as?: The 1990 Nepalese revolution is also known as the "Jana Andolan" (People's Movement). It was a pivotal event that led to the end of the Panchayat system and the establishment of a parliamentary monarchy.
  • What major political upheaval occurred in Nepal in 1990?: In April 1990, a mass movement known as the "1990 People's Movement" (Jana Andolan) occurred, forcing the monarchy to accept constitutional reforms. This led to the establishment of a parliamentary monarchy and the holding of Nepal's first democratic elections in nearly 50 years in 1991.

The Nepalese Civil War (1996-2006) was fought between the government forces and the Nepali Congress insurgents.

Answer: False

The Nepalese Civil War (1996-2006) was primarily fought between the government forces and insurgents from the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre), who sought to overthrow the monarchy.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the Nepalese Civil War, and who were the main belligerents?: The Nepalese Civil War, which lasted from 1996 to 2006, was a conflict between the government forces and the insurgents of the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre). The Maoists aimed to replace the monarchy with a republic through a revolutionary strategy.

A royal massacre occurred in 2001 at the Narayanhiti Palace, resulting in the deaths of King Birendra and Queen Aishwarya.

Answer: True

In June 2001, a tragic massacre occurred at the Narayanhiti Palace, claiming the lives of King Birendra, Queen Aishwarya, and other members of the royal family.

Related Concepts:

  • What tragic event occurred at the Nepalese royal palace in 2001?: In June 2001, a massacre took place at the Narayanhiti Palace, resulting in the deaths of King Birendra, Queen Aishwarya, Prince Nirajan, and Crown Prince Dipendra. Crown Prince Dipendra was blamed for the incident.
  • How did King Gyanendra consolidate power in the early 2000s?: Following the 2001 royal massacre, King Gyanendra ascended the throne. In October 2002, he temporarily deposed the government and took direct control, later declaring a "state of emergency" in February 2005 to suppress the Maoist movement and curtail political freedoms.

King Gyanendra consolidated power by deposing the government in October 2002 and later declaring a state of emergency in February 2005.

Answer: True

Following the royal massacre, King Gyanendra took direct control of the government in October 2002 and subsequently declared a state of emergency in February 2005 to suppress political dissent and the Maoist insurgency.

Related Concepts:

  • How did King Gyanendra consolidate power in the early 2000s?: Following the 2001 royal massacre, King Gyanendra ascended the throne. In October 2002, he temporarily deposed the government and took direct control, later declaring a "state of emergency" in February 2005 to suppress the Maoist movement and curtail political freedoms.
  • What led to the final abolition of the monarchy in Nepal?: The king's autocratic actions, combined with the ongoing civil war and widespread protests, led to the 2006 democracy movement. This movement forced King Gyanendra to reinstate parliament, which subsequently stripped him of most powers, culminating in the Constituent Assembly abolishing the monarchy in 2008.

After the 1990 reforms, Nepal's legislature became unicameral, consisting only of a House of Representatives.

Answer: False

Following the 1990 reforms, Nepal's legislature was structured as bicameral, comprising a House of Representatives and a National Council.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the structure of Nepal's legislature after the 1990 reforms?: Following the 1990 reforms, Nepal's legislature became bicameral, consisting of a House of Representatives (205 members elected by the people) and a National Council (60 members, with 10 nominated by the king, 35 elected by the House, and 15 by an electoral college).
  • What major political upheaval occurred in Nepal in 1990?: In April 1990, a mass movement known as the "1990 People's Movement" (Jana Andolan) occurred, forcing the monarchy to accept constitutional reforms. This led to the establishment of a parliamentary monarchy and the holding of Nepal's first democratic elections in nearly 50 years in 1991.

Governments in Nepal between 1991 and 2006 were notably unstable, with no government lasting longer than two years.

Answer: True

The period between 1991 and 2006 in Nepal was marked by significant political instability, characterized by frequent changes in government, with no administration enduring for more than two years.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the political situation like in Nepal between 1991 and 2006 regarding government stability?: Governments in Nepal between 1991 and 2006 were highly unstable, with no government surviving for more than two years. This instability was due to internal collapses or parliamentary dissolutions by the monarch.
  • How did King Gyanendra consolidate power in the early 2000s?: Following the 2001 royal massacre, King Gyanendra ascended the throne. In October 2002, he temporarily deposed the government and took direct control, later declaring a "state of emergency" in February 2005 to suppress the Maoist movement and curtail political freedoms.

The 'Back to the Village National Campaign' aimed to decentralize administration and was part of the Panchayat system.

Answer: True

The 'Back to the Village National Campaign' was a program implemented within the Panchayat system, intended to decentralize administration and promote local governance, although it ultimately reinforced royal control.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Back to the Village National Campaign" in Nepal?: The "Back to the Village National Campaign" was a program initiated in Nepal from 1967 to 1975, part of the Panchayat system, aimed at decentralizing administration and promoting local governance, though it ultimately reinforced the monarchy's control.

Jana Andolan II, also known as the 2006 Democracy Movement, led to King Gyanendra reinstating parliament.

Answer: True

The Jana Andolan II, or the 2006 Democracy Movement, was a series of widespread protests that compelled King Gyanendra to reinstate the dissolved parliament, marking a crucial step towards democratic restoration.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Jana Andolan II" or the 2006 Democracy Movement?: The Jana Andolan II, or the 2006 Democracy Movement, was a series of widespread strikes and street protests in Nepal. These demonstrations ultimately compelled King Gyanendra to reinstate the parliament, leading to the curtailment of his powers and the eventual abolition of the monarchy.
  • What was the "1990 Nepalese revolution" also known as?: The 1990 Nepalese revolution is also known as the "Jana Andolan" (People's Movement). It was a pivotal event that led to the end of the Panchayat system and the establishment of a parliamentary monarchy.
  • What major political upheaval occurred in Nepal in 1990?: In April 1990, a mass movement known as the "1990 People's Movement" (Jana Andolan) occurred, forcing the monarchy to accept constitutional reforms. This led to the establishment of a parliamentary monarchy and the holding of Nepal's first democratic elections in nearly 50 years in 1991.

The 1951 Nepalese revolution led to the end of the Rana regime and the restoration of the Shah monarchy.

Answer: True

The 1951 revolution marked the conclusion of the Rana regime and facilitated the restoration of the Shah monarchy's political influence, initiating a period of transition towards a more representative government.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "1951 Nepalese revolution"?: The 1951 Nepalese revolution was a significant political movement that led to the end of the autocratic Rana regime. It involved King Tribhuvan's flight to India and an armed revolt, ultimately resulting in the restoration of the Shah monarchy and the establishment of a more representative government.
  • What role did King Tribhuvan play in Nepal's transition towards democracy?: King Tribhuvan played a crucial role by seeking asylum in India in 1950, which triggered an armed revolt against the Rana regime. This action led to the eventual downfall of the Rana autocracy and the restoration of the Shah family's influence, paving the way for democratic reforms.
  • What was the "1990 Nepalese revolution" also known as?: The 1990 Nepalese revolution is also known as the "Jana Andolan" (People's Movement). It was a pivotal event that led to the end of the Panchayat system and the establishment of a parliamentary monarchy.

The 1990 Nepalese revolution, also known as the Jana Andolan, ended the Panchayat system.

Answer: True

The 1990 revolution, referred to as the Jana Andolan, was instrumental in dismantling the Panchayat system and ushering in a parliamentary monarchy.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "1990 Nepalese revolution" also known as?: The 1990 Nepalese revolution is also known as the "Jana Andolan" (People's Movement). It was a pivotal event that led to the end of the Panchayat system and the establishment of a parliamentary monarchy.
  • What major political upheaval occurred in Nepal in 1990?: In April 1990, a mass movement known as the "1990 People's Movement" (Jana Andolan) occurred, forcing the monarchy to accept constitutional reforms. This led to the establishment of a parliamentary monarchy and the holding of Nepal's first democratic elections in nearly 50 years in 1991.
  • What was the "1951 Nepalese revolution"?: The 1951 Nepalese revolution was a significant political movement that led to the end of the autocratic Rana regime. It involved King Tribhuvan's flight to India and an armed revolt, ultimately resulting in the restoration of the Shah monarchy and the establishment of a more representative government.

King Mahendra established the 'Panchayat policy' in 1960, which entrenched the absolute power of the monarchy.

Answer: True

King Mahendra introduced the 'Panchayat policy' in 1960, establishing a system that constitutionally reinforced the absolute power of the monarchy.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the Panchayat system in Nepal?: The Panchayat system was a "partyless" council system established by King Mahendra in 1960, based on Nepalese traditions. It constitutionally entrenched the absolute power of the monarchy, with the King as the ultimate authority over all governmental institutions.
  • How did King Gyanendra consolidate power in the early 2000s?: Following the 2001 royal massacre, King Gyanendra ascended the throne. In October 2002, he temporarily deposed the government and took direct control, later declaring a "state of emergency" in February 2005 to suppress the Maoist movement and curtail political freedoms.

The Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) initiated the Nepalese Civil War with the goal of establishing a republic.

Answer: True

The Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) launched the Nepalese Civil War in 1996 with the explicit objective of overthrowing the monarchy and establishing a republic.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the Nepalese Civil War, and who were the main belligerents?: The Nepalese Civil War, which lasted from 1996 to 2006, was a conflict between the government forces and the insurgents of the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre). The Maoists aimed to replace the monarchy with a republic through a revolutionary strategy.
  • What was the "Comprehensive Peace Accord" signed in Nepal?: The Comprehensive Peace Accord was signed in 2006, marking the end of the Nepalese Civil War. This agreement between the government and the Maoist rebels paved the way for peace talks, the formation of an interim government, and ultimately the abolition of the monarchy.

The Comprehensive Peace Accord signed in 2006 marked the end of the Rana rule in Nepal.

Answer: False

The Comprehensive Peace Accord of 2006 marked the end of the Nepalese Civil War, not the end of the Rana rule, which had concluded much earlier in 1951.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Comprehensive Peace Accord" signed in Nepal?: The Comprehensive Peace Accord was signed in 2006, marking the end of the Nepalese Civil War. This agreement between the government and the Maoist rebels paved the way for peace talks, the formation of an interim government, and ultimately the abolition of the monarchy.
  • What was the role of the Constituent Assembly in Nepal's transition to a republic?: The Constituent Assembly played a pivotal role by formally abolishing the monarchy in its first session on May 28, 2008, and declaring Nepal as a Federal Democratic Republic. This followed elections held in 2008.
  • What was the "Jana Andolan II" or the 2006 Democracy Movement?: The Jana Andolan II, or the 2006 Democracy Movement, was a series of widespread strikes and street protests in Nepal. These demonstrations ultimately compelled King Gyanendra to reinstate the parliament, leading to the curtailment of his powers and the eventual abolition of the monarchy.

King Tribhuvan's flight to India in 1950 triggered what significant political change?

Answer: An armed revolt against the Rana regime.

King Tribhuvan's seeking asylum in India in 1950 was a catalyst for an armed revolt that ultimately led to the downfall of the Rana regime.

Related Concepts:

  • What role did King Tribhuvan play in Nepal's transition towards democracy?: King Tribhuvan played a crucial role by seeking asylum in India in 1950, which triggered an armed revolt against the Rana regime. This action led to the eventual downfall of the Rana autocracy and the restoration of the Shah family's influence, paving the way for democratic reforms.
  • What was the "1951 Nepalese revolution"?: The 1951 Nepalese revolution was a significant political movement that led to the end of the autocratic Rana regime. It involved King Tribhuvan's flight to India and an armed revolt, ultimately resulting in the restoration of the Shah monarchy and the establishment of a more representative government.

What was the nature of the Panchayat system established by King Mahendra in 1960?

Answer: A 'partyless' council system based on Nepalese traditions.

The Panchayat system, established by King Mahendra in 1960, was characterized as a 'partyless' council system rooted in Nepalese traditions, designed to centralize royal authority.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the Panchayat system in Nepal?: The Panchayat system was a "partyless" council system established by King Mahendra in 1960, based on Nepalese traditions. It constitutionally entrenched the absolute power of the monarchy, with the King as the ultimate authority over all governmental institutions.
  • What was the "Back to the Village National Campaign" in Nepal?: The "Back to the Village National Campaign" was a program initiated in Nepal from 1967 to 1975, part of the Panchayat system, aimed at decentralizing administration and promoting local governance, though it ultimately reinforced the monarchy's control.

Who were the primary insurgents in the Nepalese Civil War from 1996 to 2006?

Answer: The Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)

The primary insurgents in the Nepalese Civil War (1996-2006) were from the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre).

Related Concepts:

  • What was the Nepalese Civil War, and who were the main belligerents?: The Nepalese Civil War, which lasted from 1996 to 2006, was a conflict between the government forces and the insurgents of the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre). The Maoists aimed to replace the monarchy with a republic through a revolutionary strategy.

What tragic event occurred at the Nepalese royal palace in June 2001?

Answer: A massacre resulting in the deaths of King Birendra and Queen Aishwarya.

In June 2001, a tragic massacre occurred at the Narayanhiti Palace, leading to the deaths of King Birendra, Queen Aishwarya, and other members of the royal family.

Related Concepts:

  • What tragic event occurred at the Nepalese royal palace in 2001?: In June 2001, a massacre took place at the Narayanhiti Palace, resulting in the deaths of King Birendra, Queen Aishwarya, Prince Nirajan, and Crown Prince Dipendra. Crown Prince Dipendra was blamed for the incident.
  • How did King Gyanendra consolidate power in the early 2000s?: Following the 2001 royal massacre, King Gyanendra ascended the throne. In October 2002, he temporarily deposed the government and took direct control, later declaring a "state of emergency" in February 2005 to suppress the Maoist movement and curtail political freedoms.

In what year did King Gyanendra first take direct control by deposing the government?

Answer: 2002

King Gyanendra first deposed the government and took direct control in October 2002.

Related Concepts:

  • How did King Gyanendra consolidate power in the early 2000s?: Following the 2001 royal massacre, King Gyanendra ascended the throne. In October 2002, he temporarily deposed the government and took direct control, later declaring a "state of emergency" in February 2005 to suppress the Maoist movement and curtail political freedoms.
  • What led to the final abolition of the monarchy in Nepal?: The king's autocratic actions, combined with the ongoing civil war and widespread protests, led to the 2006 democracy movement. This movement forced King Gyanendra to reinstate parliament, which subsequently stripped him of most powers, culminating in the Constituent Assembly abolishing the monarchy in 2008.
  • What major political upheaval occurred in Nepal in 1990?: In April 1990, a mass movement known as the "1990 People's Movement" (Jana Andolan) occurred, forcing the monarchy to accept constitutional reforms. This led to the establishment of a parliamentary monarchy and the holding of Nepal's first democratic elections in nearly 50 years in 1991.

What was the primary outcome of the 2006 Democracy Movement (Jana Andolan II)?

Answer: The reinstatement of parliament by King Gyanendra.

The 2006 Democracy Movement (Jana Andolan II) successfully compelled King Gyanendra to reinstate the parliament, marking a significant step towards democratic reforms.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Jana Andolan II" or the 2006 Democracy Movement?: The Jana Andolan II, or the 2006 Democracy Movement, was a series of widespread strikes and street protests in Nepal. These demonstrations ultimately compelled King Gyanendra to reinstate the parliament, leading to the curtailment of his powers and the eventual abolition of the monarchy.

What was the structure of Nepal's legislature after the 1990 reforms?

Answer: Bicameral, consisting of a House of Representatives and a National Council.

Following the 1990 reforms, Nepal adopted a bicameral legislature, comprising a House of Representatives and a National Council.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the structure of Nepal's legislature after the 1990 reforms?: Following the 1990 reforms, Nepal's legislature became bicameral, consisting of a House of Representatives (205 members elected by the people) and a National Council (60 members, with 10 nominated by the king, 35 elected by the House, and 15 by an electoral college).
  • What major political upheaval occurred in Nepal in 1990?: In April 1990, a mass movement known as the "1990 People's Movement" (Jana Andolan) occurred, forcing the monarchy to accept constitutional reforms. This led to the establishment of a parliamentary monarchy and the holding of Nepal's first democratic elections in nearly 50 years in 1991.
  • What was the "1990 Nepalese revolution" also known as?: The 1990 Nepalese revolution is also known as the "Jana Andolan" (People's Movement). It was a pivotal event that led to the end of the Panchayat system and the establishment of a parliamentary monarchy.

What was the characteristic of Nepal's government stability between 1991 and 2006?

Answer: No government survived for more than two years.

The period between 1991 and 2006 was marked by significant governmental instability in Nepal, with no administration lasting longer than two years.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the political situation like in Nepal between 1991 and 2006 regarding government stability?: Governments in Nepal between 1991 and 2006 were highly unstable, with no government surviving for more than two years. This instability was due to internal collapses or parliamentary dissolutions by the monarch.
  • How did King Gyanendra consolidate power in the early 2000s?: Following the 2001 royal massacre, King Gyanendra ascended the throne. In October 2002, he temporarily deposed the government and took direct control, later declaring a "state of emergency" in February 2005 to suppress the Maoist movement and curtail political freedoms.
  • What major political upheaval occurred in Nepal in 1990?: In April 1990, a mass movement known as the "1990 People's Movement" (Jana Andolan) occurred, forcing the monarchy to accept constitutional reforms. This led to the establishment of a parliamentary monarchy and the holding of Nepal's first democratic elections in nearly 50 years in 1991.

The 1951 Nepalese revolution is noted for ending which regime?

Answer: The Rana regime

The 1951 Nepalese revolution marked the end of the autocratic Rana regime.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "1951 Nepalese revolution"?: The 1951 Nepalese revolution was a significant political movement that led to the end of the autocratic Rana regime. It involved King Tribhuvan's flight to India and an armed revolt, ultimately resulting in the restoration of the Shah monarchy and the establishment of a more representative government.
  • What was the "1990 Nepalese revolution" also known as?: The 1990 Nepalese revolution is also known as the "Jana Andolan" (People's Movement). It was a pivotal event that led to the end of the Panchayat system and the establishment of a parliamentary monarchy.
  • When was the monarchy officially abolished in Nepal, and what form of government replaced it?: The monarchy in Nepal was officially abolished on May 28, 2008. It was replaced by the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal.

What was the 'Jana Andolan' in 1990 also known as?

Answer: The 1990 People's Movement

The 'Jana Andolan' in 1990 is also known as the 1990 People's Movement.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "1990 Nepalese revolution" also known as?: The 1990 Nepalese revolution is also known as the "Jana Andolan" (People's Movement). It was a pivotal event that led to the end of the Panchayat system and the establishment of a parliamentary monarchy.

The Comprehensive Peace Accord signed in 2006 marked the end of which conflict?

Answer: The Nepalese Civil War

The Comprehensive Peace Accord, signed in 2006, formally concluded the Nepalese Civil War.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Comprehensive Peace Accord" signed in Nepal?: The Comprehensive Peace Accord was signed in 2006, marking the end of the Nepalese Civil War. This agreement between the government and the Maoist rebels paved the way for peace talks, the formation of an interim government, and ultimately the abolition of the monarchy.

Transition to Republic and Contemporary Nepal (2008-Present)

The monarchy in Nepal was officially abolished on May 28, 2008, and replaced by a Federal Democratic Republic.

Answer: True

The monarchy was officially abolished on May 28, 2008, by the Constituent Assembly, marking the establishment of the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal.

Related Concepts:

  • When was the monarchy officially abolished in Nepal, and what form of government replaced it?: The monarchy in Nepal was officially abolished on May 28, 2008. It was replaced by the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal.
  • What was the role of the Constituent Assembly in Nepal's transition to a republic?: The Constituent Assembly played a pivotal role by formally abolishing the monarchy in its first session on May 28, 2008, and declaring Nepal as a Federal Democratic Republic. This followed elections held in 2008.

The final abolition of the monarchy in Nepal was primarily due to the king's successful suppression of the Maoist movement.

Answer: False

The abolition of the monarchy was a result of widespread popular movements, including the 2006 Democracy Movement, which pressured King Gyanendra to reinstate parliament, ultimately leading to the monarchy's end, not his suppression of the Maoist movement.

Related Concepts:

  • When was the monarchy officially abolished in Nepal, and what form of government replaced it?: The monarchy in Nepal was officially abolished on May 28, 2008. It was replaced by the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal.
  • What led to the final abolition of the monarchy in Nepal?: The king's autocratic actions, combined with the ongoing civil war and widespread protests, led to the 2006 democracy movement. This movement forced King Gyanendra to reinstate parliament, which subsequently stripped him of most powers, culminating in the Constituent Assembly abolishing the monarchy in 2008.
  • What was the "Comprehensive Peace Accord" signed in Nepal?: The Comprehensive Peace Accord was signed in 2006, marking the end of the Nepalese Civil War. This agreement between the government and the Maoist rebels paved the way for peace talks, the formation of an interim government, and ultimately the abolition of the monarchy.

The Constituent Assembly played a role in Nepal's transition by abolishing the monarchy and declaring it a republic in 2008.

Answer: True

The Constituent Assembly was pivotal in Nepal's transition, formally abolishing the monarchy and proclaiming the nation a Federal Democratic Republic in 2008.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the role of the Constituent Assembly in Nepal's transition to a republic?: The Constituent Assembly played a pivotal role by formally abolishing the monarchy in its first session on May 28, 2008, and declaring Nepal as a Federal Democratic Republic. This followed elections held in 2008.
  • What was the "Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal"?: The Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal is the current form of government established on May 28, 2008, after the abolition of the monarchy. It signifies Nepal's transition from a kingdom to a republic.

The April 2015 Nepal earthquake caused significant destruction and loss of life.

Answer: True

The devastating earthquake that struck Nepal in April 2015 resulted in widespread destruction and a substantial loss of life across the country.

Related Concepts:

The 2015 Nepal blockade was a period of trade disruption following the adoption of Nepal's new constitution.

Answer: True

The 2015 Nepal blockade, characterized by severe trade disruptions, occurred in the aftermath of the country's adoption of a new constitution.

Related Concepts:

The Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal was established in 2008 after the abolition of the monarchy.

Answer: True

The Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal was formally established in 2008, following the constitutional abolition of the monarchy.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal"?: The Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal is the current form of government established on May 28, 2008, after the abolition of the monarchy. It signifies Nepal's transition from a kingdom to a republic.
  • What were the founding years and the ultimate fate of the Kingdom of Nepal?: The Kingdom of Nepal was established in 1768 and lasted until 2008, when it was transformed into the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal. This marked the end of over two centuries of monarchy.
  • When was the monarchy officially abolished in Nepal, and what form of government replaced it?: The monarchy in Nepal was officially abolished on May 28, 2008. It was replaced by the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal.

When was the monarchy officially abolished in Nepal?

Answer: May 28, 2008

The monarchy in Nepal was officially abolished on May 28, 2008, marking a significant constitutional transformation.

Related Concepts:

  • When was the monarchy officially abolished in Nepal, and what form of government replaced it?: The monarchy in Nepal was officially abolished on May 28, 2008. It was replaced by the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal.
  • What were the founding years and the ultimate fate of the Kingdom of Nepal?: The Kingdom of Nepal was established in 1768 and lasted until 2008, when it was transformed into the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal. This marked the end of over two centuries of monarchy.
  • What was the "Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal"?: The Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal is the current form of government established on May 28, 2008, after the abolition of the monarchy. It signifies Nepal's transition from a kingdom to a republic.

What pivotal role did the Constituent Assembly play in Nepal's transition?

Answer: It formally abolished the monarchy and declared Nepal a republic.

The Constituent Assembly played a crucial role in Nepal's transition by formally abolishing the monarchy and declaring the nation a Federal Democratic Republic.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the role of the Constituent Assembly in Nepal's transition to a republic?: The Constituent Assembly played a pivotal role by formally abolishing the monarchy in its first session on May 28, 2008, and declaring Nepal as a Federal Democratic Republic. This followed elections held in 2008.
  • What was the "Comprehensive Peace Accord" signed in Nepal?: The Comprehensive Peace Accord was signed in 2006, marking the end of the Nepalese Civil War. This agreement between the government and the Maoist rebels paved the way for peace talks, the formation of an interim government, and ultimately the abolition of the monarchy.

What form of government was established in Nepal on May 28, 2008?

Answer: Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal

On May 28, 2008, Nepal transitioned to a Federal Democratic Republic following the abolition of the monarchy.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal"?: The Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal is the current form of government established on May 28, 2008, after the abolition of the monarchy. It signifies Nepal's transition from a kingdom to a republic.
  • When was the monarchy officially abolished in Nepal, and what form of government replaced it?: The monarchy in Nepal was officially abolished on May 28, 2008. It was replaced by the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal.
  • What was the role of the Constituent Assembly in Nepal's transition to a republic?: The Constituent Assembly played a pivotal role by formally abolishing the monarchy in its first session on May 28, 2008, and declaring Nepal as a Federal Democratic Republic. This followed elections held in 2008.

Socio-Cultural and Administrative Frameworks

The Kingdom of Nepal was primarily a Buddhist state, with the King belonging to the Thapa dynasty.

Answer: False

The Kingdom of Nepal was primarily a Hindu state, and its kings belonged to the Shah dynasty, not the Thapa dynasty.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the religious affiliation of the Kingdom of Nepal, and who was the head of state?: The Kingdom of Nepal was a Hindu kingdom, and its head of state was the King of Nepal, who belonged to the Shah dynasty.
  • What was the "Gorkha Kingdom"?: The Gorkha Kingdom was a small principality that, under King Prithvi Narayan Shah, expanded and unified various territories to form the Kingdom of Nepal in 1768.

Prior to becoming a republic, Nepal was divided into 14 zones and 75 districts.

Answer: True

Before its transition to a republic, Nepal's administrative structure included 14 zones and 75 districts, which were further organized into five development regions.

Related Concepts:

  • What administrative divisions did Nepal have prior to its republican transformation?: Before becoming a republic, Nepal was divided into 14 zones and 75 districts, which were organized into five development regions: Eastern, Central, Western, Mid-Western, and Far-Western.
  • What was the "Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal"?: The Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal is the current form of government established on May 28, 2008, after the abolition of the monarchy. It signifies Nepal's transition from a kingdom to a republic.

Nepal's five development regions were named Eastern, Northern, Southern, Western, and Central.

Answer: False

Nepal's five development regions were named Eastern, Central, Western, Mid-Western, and Far-Western, not including a 'Northern' or 'Southern' region in that specific nomenclature.

Related Concepts:

  • What were the five development regions of Nepal?: The five development regions of Nepal, from east to west, were the Eastern, Central, Western, Mid-Western, and Far-Western Development Regions.
  • What administrative divisions did Nepal have prior to its republican transformation?: Before becoming a republic, Nepal was divided into 14 zones and 75 districts, which were organized into five development regions: Eastern, Central, Western, Mid-Western, and Far-Western.

The Newari language was officially promoted as the primary administrative language throughout the Kingdom of Nepal's history.

Answer: False

While Newari held significance in early periods, its official administrative use was later restricted, and it was not the primary administrative language throughout the Kingdom of Nepal's history.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the historical significance of the Newari language in Nepal?: Newari was significant in the early period of the Shah dynasty, used in treaties with Tibet and as an administrative and literary language until the early 19th century. However, its official use was later forbidden starting in 1906.
  • What were the founding years and the ultimate fate of the Kingdom of Nepal?: The Kingdom of Nepal was established in 1768 and lasted until 2008, when it was transformed into the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal. This marked the end of over two centuries of monarchy.
  • What was the "Gorkha Kingdom"?: The Gorkha Kingdom was a small principality that, under King Prithvi Narayan Shah, expanded and unified various territories to form the Kingdom of Nepal in 1768.

The Rana dynasty originated from the Khas Chhetri community, and historians suggest the Shah dynasty might have Magar descent.

Answer: True

Historical accounts indicate that the Rana dynasty emerged from the Khas Chhetri community, while some scholarly perspectives suggest a potential Magar lineage for the Shah dynasty.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the role of the "Khas" people in the context of Nepalese history and the Shah dynasty?: The Khas people, particularly the Khas Chhetri group, played a significant role in Nepalese history. The Rana dynasty, which dominated Nepal for over a century, originated from the Khas Chhetri community, and historians suggest the Shah dynasty itself may have Magar descent.
  • What characterized the Rana rule in Nepal?: The Rana rule, which lasted from 1846 to 1951, was an autocratic system led by hereditary Prime Ministers from the Rana family. It was marked by tyranny, economic exploitation, and religious persecution, while the Shah kings were largely ceremonial figures.

The historical coat of arms of the Kingdom of Nepal from 1962 to 2008 featured symbols of the sun and moon.

Answer: False

While the sun and moon were prominent symbols on Nepal's historical flags, the coat of arms from 1962 to 2008 featured different iconography, including mountains, the Gurkha kukri, and national emblems.

Related Concepts:

  • What were the historical coats of arms of the Kingdom of Nepal?: The Kingdom of Nepal used several coats of arms throughout its history, including designs from 1935, 1946, and a prominent one used from 1962 to 2008, which featured symbols representing the monarchy and the nation.
  • What were the historical flags of Nepal?: Nepal has used various historical flags, including designs from 1856-c.1930, c.1930-1962, and the flag used from 1962-2008, which featured the iconic crimson red field with symbols of the sun and moon.
  • What were the founding years and the ultimate fate of the Kingdom of Nepal?: The Kingdom of Nepal was established in 1768 and lasted until 2008, when it was transformed into the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal. This marked the end of over two centuries of monarchy.

The historical flags of Nepal used symbols like the sun and moon on a crimson red field from 1962 to 2008.

Answer: True

The historical flags of Nepal, used from 1962 to 2008, were characterized by a crimson red field adorned with the symbols of the sun and moon.

Related Concepts:

  • What were the historical flags of Nepal?: Nepal has used various historical flags, including designs from 1856-c.1930, c.1930-1962, and the flag used from 1962-2008, which featured the iconic crimson red field with symbols of the sun and moon.
  • What were the historical coats of arms of the Kingdom of Nepal?: The Kingdom of Nepal used several coats of arms throughout its history, including designs from 1935, 1946, and a prominent one used from 1962 to 2008, which featured symbols representing the monarchy and the nation.
  • What were the founding years and the ultimate fate of the Kingdom of Nepal?: The Kingdom of Nepal was established in 1768 and lasted until 2008, when it was transformed into the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal. This marked the end of over two centuries of monarchy.

What was the primary religious affiliation of the Kingdom of Nepal?

Answer: Hindu

The Kingdom of Nepal was primarily identified as a Hindu state, with its monarchy adhering to Hindu traditions.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the religious affiliation of the Kingdom of Nepal, and who was the head of state?: The Kingdom of Nepal was a Hindu kingdom, and its head of state was the King of Nepal, who belonged to the Shah dynasty.
  • What were the founding years and the ultimate fate of the Kingdom of Nepal?: The Kingdom of Nepal was established in 1768 and lasted until 2008, when it was transformed into the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal. This marked the end of over two centuries of monarchy.
  • What were some of the alternative names used for the Kingdom of Nepal during its existence?: The Kingdom of Nepal was also known as the Gorkha Empire, and sometimes referred to as "Asal Hindustan," which literally translates to "Real Land of the Hindus."

Before becoming a republic, Nepal was divided into five development regions. Which of the following was NOT one of them?

Answer: Northern Development Region

Nepal's five development regions were Eastern, Central, Western, Mid-Western, and Far-Western. 'Northern' was not one of these designated regions.

Related Concepts:

  • What administrative divisions did Nepal have prior to its republican transformation?: Before becoming a republic, Nepal was divided into 14 zones and 75 districts, which were organized into five development regions: Eastern, Central, Western, Mid-Western, and Far-Western.
  • What were the five development regions of Nepal?: The five development regions of Nepal, from east to west, were the Eastern, Central, Western, Mid-Western, and Far-Western Development Regions.
  • What were the founding years and the ultimate fate of the Kingdom of Nepal?: The Kingdom of Nepal was established in 1768 and lasted until 2008, when it was transformed into the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal. This marked the end of over two centuries of monarchy.

Which historical flag of Nepal featured the sun and moon symbols on a crimson red field from 1962 to 2008?

Answer: The flag used from 1962-2008

The historical flag of Nepal used between 1962 and 2008 featured the sun and moon symbols on a crimson red field.

Related Concepts:

  • What were the historical flags of Nepal?: Nepal has used various historical flags, including designs from 1856-c.1930, c.1930-1962, and the flag used from 1962-2008, which featured the iconic crimson red field with symbols of the sun and moon.
  • What were the historical coats of arms of the Kingdom of Nepal?: The Kingdom of Nepal used several coats of arms throughout its history, including designs from 1935, 1946, and a prominent one used from 1962 to 2008, which featured symbols representing the monarchy and the nation.

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