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The legion known as Legio XXI Rapax, whose name translates to 'Predator, Twenty-First Legion,' was established during the reign of Emperor Tiberius.
Answer: False
The historical record indicates that Legio XXI Rapax was established by Emperor Augustus in 31 BC, not Emperor Tiberius.
Legio XXI Rapax was initially deployed to Germania Superior to engage in combat with Germanic tribes.
Answer: False
Following its establishment, Legio XXI Rapax was initially deployed to Hispania Tarraconensis for the Cantabrian Wars, not Germania Superior.
Legio XXI Rapax played a significant role in suppressing the Raetian rebellion under the command of Drusus.
Answer: True
Legio XXI Rapax was among the legions employed by Drusus between 16 and 15 BC to quell the rebellion of the Raetians.
Under which emperor was Legio XXI Rapax founded?
Answer: Augustus
Legio XXI Rapax was established in 31 BC by Emperor Augustus, the first Roman Emperor.
Where was Legio XXI Rapax likely initially deployed after its foundation?
Answer: Hispania Tarraconensis
Following its establishment by Augustus, Legio XXI Rapax was likely first deployed to Hispania Tarraconensis to participate in the Cantabrian Wars.
Legio XXI Rapax was involved in suppressing which rebellion between 16 and 15 BC?
Answer: The Raetian Rebellion
Between 16 and 15 BC, Legio XXI Rapax was part of the Roman forces that suppressed the rebellion of the Raetians.
Under which emperor was Legio XXI Rapax founded?
Answer: Augustus
Legio XXI Rapax was established in 31 BC by Emperor Augustus, the first Roman Emperor.
Where was Legio XXI Rapax likely initially deployed after its foundation?
Answer: Hispania Tarraconensis
Following its establishment by Augustus, Legio XXI Rapax was likely first deployed to Hispania Tarraconensis to participate in the Cantabrian Wars.
Legio XXI Rapax was involved in suppressing which rebellion between 16 and 15 BC?
Answer: The Raetian Rebellion
Between 16 and 15 BC, Legio XXI Rapax was part of the Roman forces that suppressed the rebellion of the Raetians.
Garrisons occupied by Legio XXI Rapax throughout its service included Castra Regina, Castra Vetera, Vindonissa, and Moguntiacum.
Answer: True
Historical evidence confirms that Legio XXI Rapax was stationed at multiple significant Roman military bases, including Castra Regina, Castra Vetera, Vindonissa, and Moguntiacum.
Following 15 BC, Legio XXI Rapax was stationed in Moguntiacum (Mainz).
Answer: False
From 15 BC onwards, Legio XXI Rapax was stationed at Castra Regina in Raetia, not Moguntiacum.
Legio XXI Rapax was relocated to Vindonissa in Germania Inferior in 43 AD.
Answer: False
In 43 AD, Legio XXI Rapax was relocated to Vindonissa, but this was in Germania Superior, not Germania Inferior.
Following the Batavian rebellion, Legio XXI Rapax was stationed at Castra Vetera (Xanten).
Answer: False
After participating in the suppression of the Batavian rebellion, Legio XXI Rapax was stationed in Moguntiacum (Mainz), not Castra Vetera.
The legion was stationed at Castra Regina in Raetia starting from 15 BC.
Answer: True
Following the campaigns of 16-15 BC, Legio XXI Rapax was assigned to Castra Regina in the province of Raetia.
Which of these locations served as a significant garrison for Legio XXI Rapax?
Answer: Castra Vetera (Xanten)
Castra Vetera (modern Xanten) was one of the principal garrisons occupied by Legio XXI Rapax during its service.
In which province was Vindonissa located, where Legio XXI Rapax was stationed from 43 AD?
Answer: Germania Superior
Vindonissa, where Legio XXI Rapax was stationed from 43 AD, was located in the Roman province of Germania Superior.
Following its participation in the Batavian campaign, where was Legio XXI Rapax stationed?
Answer: Moguntiacum (Mainz)
After the Batavian rebellion, Legio XXI Rapax was stationed in Germania Superior at Moguntiacum (modern Mainz).
In which province was Legio XXI Rapax stationed from 15 BC onwards?
Answer: Raetia
From 15 BC, Legio XXI Rapax was stationed in the province of Raetia, with its base at Castra Regina.
Which of the following auxiliary cohorts was stationed with Legio XXI Rapax at Vindonissa between 46 and 69 AD?
Answer: Cohors III Hispanorum
Between 46 and 69 AD, Cohors III Hispanorum was among the auxiliary units stationed alongside Legio XXI Rapax at Vindonissa.
The legion was stationed at Castra Regina in Raetia starting from 15 BC.
Answer: True
From 15 BC, Legio XXI Rapax was stationed in the province of Raetia, with its base at Castra Regina.
Which of these locations served as a significant garrison for Legio XXI Rapax?
Answer: Castra Vetera (Xanten)
Castra Vetera (modern Xanten) was one of the principal garrisons occupied by Legio XXI Rapax during its service.
In which province was Vindonissa located, where Legio XXI Rapax was stationed from 43 AD?
Answer: Germania Superior
Vindonissa, where Legio XXI Rapax was stationed from 43 AD, was located in the Roman province of Germania Superior.
Following its participation in the Batavian campaign, where was Legio XXI Rapax stationed?
Answer: Moguntiacum (Mainz)
After the Batavian rebellion, Legio XXI Rapax was stationed in Germania Superior at Moguntiacum (modern Mainz).
In which province was Legio XXI Rapax stationed from 15 BC onwards?
Answer: Raetia
From 15 BC, Legio XXI Rapax was stationed in the province of Raetia, with its base at Castra Regina.
Which of the following auxiliary cohorts was stationed with Legio XXI Rapax at Vindonissa between 46 and 69 AD?
Answer: Cohors III Hispanorum
Between 46 and 69 AD, Cohors III Hispanorum was among the auxiliary units stationed alongside Legio XXI Rapax at Vindonissa.
The operational lifespan of Legio XXI Rapax spanned approximately 123 years, commencing in 31 BC and concluding in 92 AD.
Answer: True
Based on historical records, Legio XXI Rapax served the Roman Empire from 31 BC to 92 AD, a period of over a century.
Legio XXI Rapax participated in the Punic Wars and the Gallic Wars.
Answer: False
The Punic Wars concluded long before the establishment of Legio XXI Rapax, and its known campaigns do not include the Gallic Wars. Its service period began later.
Vitellius, a Roman Emperor, commanded Legio XXI Rapax during his ascent to power.
Answer: True
Vitellius, who became Emperor during the tumultuous Year of the Four Emperors, was indeed a commander associated with Legio XXI Rapax.
The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest disaster in 9 AD led to Legio XXI Rapax being redeployed to Germania Inferior.
Answer: True
Following the catastrophic loss of three legions at the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest, Legio XXI Rapax was sent as reinforcements to Germania Inferior.
Legio XXI Rapax shared its base at Castra Vetera with Legio VI Victrix after the Teutoburg Forest disaster.
Answer: False
After the Teutoburg Forest disaster, Legio XXI Rapax shared the base at Castra Vetera with Legio V Alaudae, not Legio VI Victrix.
In AD 14, Legio XXI Rapax was involved in a mutiny alongside Legio V Alaudae.
Answer: True
Historical accounts indicate that in AD 14, both Legio XXI Rapax and Legio V Alaudae participated in a mutiny.
During the Year of the Four Emperors, Legio XXI Rapax initially supported Vespasian before switching allegiance to Vitellius.
Answer: False
Legio XXI Rapax supported Vitellius from the outset during the Year of the Four Emperors, rather than switching allegiance from Vespasian.
Legio XXI Rapax participated in suppressing the Batavian rebellion led by Gaius Julius Civilis in 70 AD.
Answer: True
In 70 AD, Legio XXI Rapax was deployed as part of the Roman effort to suppress the significant Batavian rebellion.
Legio XXI Rapax was involved in the civil war between Vespasian and Vitellius, supporting Vespasian.
Answer: False
During the Year of the Four Emperors, Legio XXI Rapax supported Vitellius, not Vespasian.
Legio XXI Rapax is known to have participated in which major civil conflict?
Answer: The Year of the Four Emperors
Legio XXI Rapax played a notable role in the civil war known as the Year of the Four Emperors (69 AD).
Who was a notable commander associated with Legio XXI Rapax during the Year of the Four Emperors?
Answer: Vitellius
Vitellius, who claimed the emperorship in 69 AD, commanded Legio XXI Rapax during this period of civil war.
What major disaster in 9 AD led to Legio XXI Rapax being sent to Germania Inferior?
Answer: The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest
The catastrophic defeat of three Roman legions at the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest in 9 AD prompted the redeployment of Legio XXI Rapax to Germania Inferior as reinforcements.
Which legion shared the base camp at Castra Vetera with Legio XXI Rapax after 9 AD?
Answer: Legio V Alaudae
Following the events after 9 AD, Legio XXI Rapax shared the military base at Castra Vetera with Legio V Alaudae.
What significant event involving Legio XXI Rapax occurred in 70 AD?
Answer: The suppression of the Batavian rebellion
In 70 AD, Legio XXI Rapax was actively involved in suppressing the Batavian rebellion.
Against which emperor did Lucius Antonius Saturninus revolt in 89 AD, with Legio XXI Rapax's support?
Answer: Domitian
In 89 AD, Lucius Antonius Saturninus led a revolt against Emperor Domitian, with Legio XXI Rapax among the legions that supported him.
What was the consequence for Legio XXI Rapax following the failure of Saturninus's revolt?
Answer: It was transferred to Pannonia.
After the unsuccessful revolt of Saturninus, Legio XXI Rapax was separated from its previous posting and transferred to Pannonia.
Following the failure of Saturninus's revolt, Legio XXI Rapax was disbanded and its soldiers were discharged.
Answer: False
Following the failed revolt of Saturninus, Legio XXI Rapax was not disbanded but was instead transferred to Pannonia.
Legio XXI Rapax was involved in the civil war between Vespasian and Vitellius, supporting Vespasian.
Answer: False
During the Year of the Four Emperors, Legio XXI Rapax supported Vitellius, not Vespasian.
Legio XXI Rapax is known to have participated in which major civil conflict?
Answer: The Year of the Four Emperors
Legio XXI Rapax played a notable role in the civil war known as the Year of the Four Emperors (69 AD).
Who was a notable commander associated with Legio XXI Rapax during the Year of the Four Emperors?
Answer: Vitellius
Vitellius, who claimed the emperorship in 69 AD, commanded Legio XXI Rapax during this period of civil war.
What major disaster in 9 AD led to Legio XXI Rapax being sent to Germania Inferior?
Answer: The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest
The catastrophic defeat of three Roman legions at the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest in 9 AD prompted the redeployment of Legio XXI Rapax to Germania Inferior as reinforcements.
Which legion shared the base camp at Castra Vetera with Legio XXI Rapax after 9 AD?
Answer: Legio V Alaudae
Following the events after 9 AD, Legio XXI Rapax shared the military base at Castra Vetera with Legio V Alaudae.
What significant event involving Legio XXI Rapax occurred in 70 AD?
Answer: The suppression of the Batavian rebellion
In 70 AD, Legio XXI Rapax was actively involved in suppressing the Batavian rebellion.
Against which emperor did Lucius Antonius Saturninus revolt in 89 AD, with Legio XXI Rapax's support?
Answer: Domitian
In 89 AD, Lucius Antonius Saturninus led a revolt against Emperor Domitian, with Legio XXI Rapax among the legions that supported him.
What was the consequence for Legio XXI Rapax following the failure of Saturninus's revolt?
Answer: It was transferred to Pannonia.
After the unsuccessful revolt of Saturninus, Legio XXI Rapax was separated from its previous posting and transferred to Pannonia.
Legio XXI Rapax was predominantly structured as an infantry assault unit, possessing only ancillary cavalry support capabilities.
Answer: True
Contrary to the assertion that it was primarily cavalry, Legio XXI Rapax was primarily an infantry unit, with secondary cavalry support functions.
The symbol officially associated with Legio XXI Rapax was a lion.
Answer: False
The suspected identifying symbol for Legio XXI Rapax was a capricorn, not a lion.
The soldiers initially forming Legio XXI Rapax were likely new recruits with minimal prior military experience.
Answer: False
Upon its foundation, Legio XXI Rapax was likely composed of experienced soldiers consolidated from other legions, rather than inexperienced new recruits.
Legio XXI Rapax possessed significant cavalry strength, often acting as the primary cavalry force.
Answer: False
The legion's primary designation was infantry assault; while it had some cavalry support capabilities, it was not known for significant cavalry strength or acting as a primary cavalry force.
What is the precise Latin translation of the appellation 'Legio XXI Rapax'?
Answer: The Predator, Twenty-First Legion
The Latin term 'Rapax' denotes a predator or one that seizes, thus 'Legio XXI Rapax' is accurately translated as 'The Predator, Twenty-First Legion'.
Which of the following was NOT a primary role or capability of Legio XXI Rapax?
Answer: Naval blockade
Legio XXI Rapax's functions were primarily land-based, including infantry assault, cavalry support, and garrison duties. Naval blockade was not among its roles.
What is the suspected identifying symbol of Legio XXI Rapax?
Answer: A Capricorn
The symbol most commonly associated with Legio XXI Rapax is the capricorn, an astrological symbol representing a goat.
The soldiers initially forming Legio XXI Rapax were likely new recruits with minimal prior military experience.
Answer: False
Upon its foundation, Legio XXI Rapax was likely composed of experienced soldiers consolidated from other legions, rather than inexperienced new recruits.
Legio XXI Rapax possessed significant cavalry strength, often acting as the primary cavalry force.
Answer: False
The legion's primary designation was infantry assault; while it had some cavalry support capabilities, it was not known for significant cavalry strength or acting as a primary cavalry force.
What is the precise Latin translation of the appellation 'Legio XXI Rapax'?
Answer: The Predator, Twenty-First Legion
The Latin term 'Rapax' denotes a predator or one that seizes, thus 'Legio XXI Rapax' is accurately translated as 'The Predator, Twenty-First Legion'.
Which of the following was NOT a primary role or capability of Legio XXI Rapax?
Answer: Naval blockade
Legio XXI Rapax's functions were primarily land-based, including infantry assault, cavalry support, and garrison duties. Naval blockade was not among its roles.
What is the suspected identifying symbol of Legio XXI Rapax?
Answer: A Capricorn
The symbol most commonly associated with Legio XXI Rapax is the capricorn, an astrological symbol representing a goat.
The legion was likely destroyed in 92 AD during conflicts in Pannonia involving multiple tribes.
Answer: True
The destruction of Legio XXI Rapax in 92 AD is attributed to conflicts in Pannonia, likely involving an invasion by several Germanic tribes.
What event in 92 AD is believed to have led to the destruction of Legio XXI Rapax?
Answer: An invasion by Germanic tribes across the Danube
The destruction of Legio XXI Rapax in 92 AD is strongly linked to an invasion of Pannonia by various Germanic tribes, likely crossing the Danube River.
What was the outcome of the conflict in Pannonia in 92 AD for the tribes that attacked?
Answer: They were repelled across the Danube.
The tribes that attacked Pannonia in 92 AD were ultimately defeated by Roman forces and driven back across the Danube River.
The destruction of Legio XXI Rapax in 92 AD is linked to an invasion by the Quadi and Marcomanni tribes.
Answer: True
The invasion of Pannonia by tribes including the Quadi and Marcomanni in 92 AD is considered the likely event that led to the destruction of Legio XXI Rapax.
The legion was likely destroyed in 92 AD during conflicts in Pannonia involving multiple tribes.
Answer: True
The destruction of Legio XXI Rapax in 92 AD is attributed to conflicts in Pannonia, likely involving an invasion by several Germanic tribes.
What event in 92 AD is believed to have led to the destruction of Legio XXI Rapax?
Answer: An invasion by Germanic tribes across the Danube
The destruction of Legio XXI Rapax in 92 AD is strongly linked to an invasion of Pannonia by various Germanic tribes, likely crossing the Danube River.
What was the outcome of the conflict in Pannonia in 92 AD for the tribes that attacked?
Answer: They were repelled across the Danube.
The tribes that attacked Pannonia in 92 AD were ultimately defeated by Roman forces and driven back across the Danube River.
A brick stamp marked 'LEG XXIR' found in Rheinzabern provides evidence of the legion's activities in that region.
Answer: True
The discovery of a brick stamp bearing the inscription 'LEG XXIR' in Rheinzabern serves as archaeological evidence of the legion's presence and operations in that area.
The navigation box (navbox) at the end of the article links to articles about specific Roman battles.
Answer: False
The navigation box typically links to related articles concerning Roman legions or military units, not specifically to individual Roman battles.
Authority control databases, such as VIAF, are linked to facilitate the unique identification and cataloging of information pertaining to Legio XXI Rapax.
Answer: True
Authority control databases are employed to provide standardized identifiers, ensuring consistent and unique cataloging of information about entities like Legio XXI Rapax across various resources.
What is the function of the Authority control databases (like VIAF) linked in the article?
Answer: To uniquely identify and catalog information about the legion
Authority control databases serve to provide standardized identifiers, ensuring unique cataloging and cross-referencing of information about the legion across different systems.
The brick stamp 'LEG XXIR' found in Rheinzabern suggests what about the legion's activities?
Answer: It was involved in construction or supply operations.
Brick stamps like 'LEG XXIR' found in regions such as Rheinzabern typically indicate the legion's involvement in construction projects or logistical supply activities in that area.
Historical texts like Tacitus's *Annales* and *The Histories* are cited as primary sources for information on Legio XXI Rapax.
Answer: True
Classical historical works, such as Tacitus's *Annales* and *The Histories*, are indeed cited as important sources for understanding the history of Roman legions like Legio XXI Rapax.
The navigation box (navbox) at the end of the article links to articles about specific Roman battles.
Answer: False
The navigation box typically provides links to related articles concerning Roman legions or military units, rather than specifically to individual Roman battles.
Historical texts like Tacitus's *Annales* and *The Histories* are cited as sources for information on Legio XXI Rapax.
Answer: True
Classical historical works, such as Tacitus's *Annales* and *The Histories*, are indeed cited as important sources for understanding the history of Roman legions like Legio XXI Rapax.
The navigation box (navbox) at the end of the article links to articles about specific Roman battles.
Answer: False
The navigation box typically provides links to related articles concerning Roman legions or military units, rather than specifically to individual Roman battles.
Authority control databases like VIAF are linked to help uniquely identify information about Legio XXI Rapax.
Answer: True
Authority control databases are employed to provide standardized identifiers, ensuring consistent and unique cataloging of information about entities like Legio XXI Rapax across various resources.
What is the function of the Authority control databases (like VIAF) linked in the article?
Answer: To uniquely identify and catalog information about the legion
Authority control databases serve to provide standardized identifiers, ensuring unique cataloging and cross-referencing of information about the legion across different systems.
The brick stamp 'LEG XXIR' found in Rheinzabern suggests what about the legion's activities?
Answer: It was involved in construction or supply operations.
Brick stamps like 'LEG XXIR' found in regions such as Rheinzabern typically indicate the legion's involvement in construction projects or logistical supply activities in that area.