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Lorenzo Valla, an influential Italian Renaissance humanist, was primarily known for his contributions to natural sciences and died in the early 16th century.
Answer: False
Lorenzo Valla was primarily known for his historical-critical textual analysis, not natural sciences, and he died in 1457, not the early 16th century.
The portrait of Lorenzo Valla referenced in the source was created for a work by Jean-Jacques Boissard between 1597 and 1599, serving as a visual representation of the scholar.
Answer: True
The source explicitly states that a portrait of Lorenzo Valla was created for Jean-Jacques Boissard's *Icones quinquaginta virorum illustrium* between 1597 and 1599.
Lorenzo Valla was born in Piacenza, the city where his family had its roots, and his father was a prominent merchant.
Answer: False
Lorenzo Valla was born in Rome, though his family had roots in Piacenza. His father was a lawyer in the Papal Curia, not a merchant.
Valla received formal education in Rome from figures like Leonardo Bruni and Giovanni Aurispa, from whom he learned Latin and Greek.
Answer: True
The source confirms that Valla was educated in Rome by Leonardo Bruni and Giovanni Aurispa, studying Latin and Greek.
In 1431, Valla successfully secured a position as an apostolic secretary with the aim of traveling to China, leveraging his extensive network of contacts.
Answer: False
In 1431, Valla attempted to secure a position as an apostolic secretary with the aim of going to China, but he was unsuccessful.
Lorenzo Valla offended Antonio Loschi early in his career by criticizing the rhetorical style of Quintilian.
Answer: False
Valla offended Antonio Loschi by *advocating* for the rhetorician Quintilian, not by criticizing his style.
After leaving Rome, Valla taught in Pavia, where he sparked controversy by critiquing the Latin style of the jurist Bartolus de Saxoferrato.
Answer: True
The source states that Valla taught in Pavia after leaving Rome and caused controversy by critiquing the Latin style of Bartolus de Saxoferrato.
Following his time in Pavia, Lorenzo Valla settled into a permanent professorship at a single prestigious university for the remainder of his career.
Answer: False
After Pavia, Valla became an itinerant scholar, moving from one university to another, rather than settling into a permanent professorship.
Upon invitation by Pope Nicholas V in 1447, Lorenzo Valla returned to Rome and eventually held positions as a papal scribe and papal secretary.
Answer: True
The source confirms that Valla was invited to Rome by Pope Nicholas V in 1447 and subsequently became a papal scribe and papal secretary.
Which of the following was Lorenzo Valla's most recognized contribution during the Renaissance?
Answer: His historical-critical textual analysis exposing the Donation of Constantine as a forgery.
Lorenzo Valla is most recognized for his historical-critical textual analysis, which famously exposed the *Donation of Constantine* as a forgery.
For which work was a portrait of Lorenzo Valla created between 1597 and 1599?
Answer: Jean-Jacques Boissard's *Icones quinquaginta virorum illustrium*
A portrait of Lorenzo Valla was created for Jean-Jacques Boissard's *Icones quinquaginta virorum illustrium* between 1597 and 1599.
Where was Lorenzo Valla born?
Answer: Rome
Lorenzo Valla was born in Rome, although his family had roots in Piacenza.
Who was one of Lorenzo Valla's notable teachers in Rome?
Answer: Leonardo Bruni
Lorenzo Valla received education in Rome from prominent figures such as Leonardo Bruni and Giovanni Aurispa.
What early professional ambition did Valla pursue in 1431?
Answer: To secure a position as an apostolic secretary with the aim of going to China.
In 1431, Valla attempted to secure a position as an apostolic secretary with the aim of traveling to China.
Lorenzo Valla caused offense to Antonio Loschi early in his career by:
Answer: Advocating for the rhetorician Quintilian in one of his early works.
Valla offended Antonio Loschi by advocating for the rhetorician Quintilian in one of his early works.
Where did Lorenzo Valla secure a professorship of eloquence after leaving Rome, and what controversy arose there?
Answer: Pavia, where he critiqued the Latin style used by the jurist Bartolus de Saxoferrato.
After leaving Rome, Valla taught in Pavia, where he sparked controversy by critiquing the Latin style of the jurist Bartolus de Saxoferrato.
How is Lorenzo Valla's career path described after his time in Pavia?
Answer: He became an itinerant scholar, moving from one university to another.
Following his professorship in Pavia, Lorenzo Valla became an itinerant scholar, accepting short-term engagements and delivering lectures in various cities.
Which position did Lorenzo Valla hold in Rome after being invited by Pope Nicholas V in 1447?
Answer: Papal Scribe
After being invited to Rome by Pope Nicholas V in 1447, Lorenzo Valla became a papal scribe and later a papal secretary.
The *Donation of Constantine* was a document that claimed Emperor Constantine I granted the Eastern Roman Empire to the Roman Catholic Church after being cured of a severe illness by Pope Sylvester I.
Answer: False
The *Donation of Constantine* claimed Emperor Constantine I granted the *Western* Roman Empire, not the Eastern, to the Roman Catholic Church after being cured of leprosy, not a severe illness.
Lorenzo Valla wrote his essay debunking the *Donation of Constantine* between 1439 and 1440.
Answer: True
The source states that Valla wrote *De falso credita et ementita Constantini Donatione declamatio* between 1439 and 1440.
Valla's work on the *Donation of Constantine* was motivated by his personal theological disagreements with Pope Eugene IV, rather than any political context.
Answer: False
Valla's work on the *Donation of Constantine* was likely motivated by the political conflict between his patron, Alfonso V of Aragon, and Pope Eugene IV.
Lorenzo Valla was imprisoned by the Catholic Inquisition in 1444 for his work on the *Donation of Constantine*, despite his patron's efforts.
Answer: False
Valla was put on trial by the Inquisition in 1444 but was protected from imprisonment by the intervention of his patron, Alfonso V of Aragon.
Valla proved the *Donation of Constantine* was a forgery by showing its vernacular style dated to the 8th century and identifying anachronisms like the word 'satrap'.
Answer: True
Valla's analysis of the *Donation of Constantine* identified its 8th-century vernacular style and anachronistic terms like 'satrap' as evidence of forgery.
One of Valla's main arguments against the *Donation of Constantine* was that Emperor Constantine could not have legally granted the claimed powers to Pope Sylvester.
Answer: True
Valla argued that Emperor Constantine lacked the legal authority to grant the powers claimed by the *Donation* to Pope Sylvester.
Valla's *De falso credita et ementita Constantini Donatione declamatio* was immediately published by the Church upon its completion in 1440 and widely accepted.
Answer: False
Valla's *De falso credita et ementita Constantini Donatione declamatio* was rejected by the Church and not formally published until 1517.
According to the *Donation of Constantine*, what was the purported reason for Emperor Constantine I's grant to the Roman Catholic Church?
Answer: A gesture of gratitude because Pope Sylvester I had miraculously cured Constantine of leprosy.
The *Donation of Constantine* claimed Emperor Constantine I made the grant as a gesture of gratitude after Pope Sylvester I miraculously cured him of leprosy.
When did Lorenzo Valla write his influential essay, *De falso credita et ementita Constantini Donatione declamatio*?
Answer: Between 1439 and 1440
Lorenzo Valla wrote *De falso credita et ementita Constantini Donatione declamatio* between 1439 and 1440.
Who was Lorenzo Valla's patron during the period (1435-1445) when he worked on the *Donation of Constantine*?
Answer: Alfonso V of Aragon
From 1435 to 1445, Valla was employed in the court of Alfonso V of Aragon, who was his patron during the period he worked on the *Donation of Constantine*.
What protected Lorenzo Valla from imprisonment after being put on trial by the Catholic Inquisition in 1444?
Answer: The intervention of his patron, Alfonso V of Aragon.
Lorenzo Valla was protected from imprisonment by the intervention of his patron, Alfonso V of Aragon, after being put on trial by the Catholic Inquisition in 1444.
Which of the following was an anachronism Valla identified to demonstrate the *Donation of Constantine* was a forgery?
Answer: The use of the word 'satrap'.
Valla identified the use of the word 'satrap' as an anachronism, arguing that Romans like Constantine I would not have used it.
Which of the following was one of Valla's three main arguments against the authenticity of the *Donation of Constantine*?
Answer: Emperor Constantine could not have legally granted the powers claimed by the *Donation* to Pope Sylvester.
One of Valla's main arguments was that Emperor Constantine lacked the legal authority to grant the powers claimed by the *Donation* to Pope Sylvester.
When was Valla's *De falso credita et ementita Constantini Donatione declamatio* formally published, despite being written in 1440?
Answer: 1517
Valla's *De falso credita et ementita Constantini Donatione declamatio*, written in 1440, was not formally published until 1517.
Lorenzo Valla's role in textual criticism concerning Livy involved primarily translating Livy's works into Greek.
Answer: False
Valla's role in Livy's textual criticism involved offering suggestions for improving Petrarch's study and discussing the emendation of corrupt passages, not translating Livy into Greek.
Valla's critical study of the Latin Vulgate challenged the Church's practices by arguing that 'penance' should have been translated as 'repentance' from the Greek 'metanoia'.
Answer: True
Valla argued that Jerome's translation of *metanoia* as *paenitentia* (penance) in the Latin Vulgate was inaccurate and should have been 'repentance,' thereby challenging the Church's practice of penance.
Valla's contemporary reputation was primarily established by his scientific treatises on astronomy and physics.
Answer: False
Valla's contemporary reputation was established by his dialogue *De Voluptate* and his treatise *De Elegantiis Latinae Linguae*, not scientific treatises.
Valla's *De Elegantiis* was universally praised upon its release and had no significant impact on the development of humanistic Latin.
Answer: False
Valla's *De Elegantiis* was controversial upon release, but its arguments prevailed, leading humanistic Latin to shed post-Classical influences and embrace a purer form, indicating significant impact.
Valla's *Adnotationes in Novum Testamentum* was discovered and published by Martin Luther, significantly influencing the Reformation.
Answer: False
Valla's *Adnotationes in Novum Testamentum* was discovered and published by Desiderius Erasmus, not Martin Luther.
What was Lorenzo Valla's role in textual criticism concerning Livy?
Answer: He offered suggestions for improving upon Petrarch's existing study of Livy and discussed emendation of corrupt passages.
Valla offered suggestions for improving Petrarch's study of Livy and discussed the emendation of corrupt passages in Livy's works.
Valla's critical study of the Latin Vulgate challenged the Roman Catholic Church's practices by focusing on the translation of which Greek word?
Answer: Metanoia
Valla's critical study of the Latin Vulgate focused on the translation of the Greek word *metanoia*, arguing it should be 'repentance' rather than 'penance'.
Which of the following was one of Lorenzo Valla's two most renowned manuscript works that established his contemporary reputation?
Answer: *De Voluptate*
Valla's two most renowned manuscript works that established his contemporary reputation were *De Voluptate* and *De Elegantiis Latinae Linguae*.
What was the ultimate impact of Valla's *De Elegantiis* on humanistic Latin?
Answer: Its arguments prevailed, leading humanistic Latin to shed its post-Classical influences and embrace a purer form.
The arguments presented in Valla's *De Elegantiis* ultimately prevailed, leading humanistic Latin to adopt a purer, more classical form by shedding post-Classical influences.
Who discovered and subsequently published Valla's *Adnotationes in Novum Testamentum*?
Answer: Desiderius Erasmus
Desiderius Erasmus discovered Valla's *Adnotationes in Novum Testamentum* in 1504 and published it in 1505.
In *De Voluptate*, Valla contrasted Stoic principles with Epicurean tenets, showing a clear sympathy for natural appetites.
Answer: True
Valla's *De Voluptate* explored pleasure, contrasting Stoic and Epicurean principles, and demonstrated sympathy for natural appetites.
Valla's logic text, *Repastinatio dialectice et philosophie*, was a single, unchanging work that introduced a new type of argument to the Latin West.
Answer: False
Valla's *Repastinatio dialectice et philosophie* underwent several revisions and was not a single, unchanging work.
The philosophical topic of Free Will was addressed by Valla in his work *De libero arbitrio*, which also critiqued *The Consolation of Philosophy*.
Answer: True
Valla's *De libero arbitrio* addressed Free Will and included a critique of book V of *The Consolation of Philosophy*.
In his work *De Voluptate*, Valla explored the concept of pleasure and demonstrated a clear sympathy for the tenets of which philosophical school?
Answer: Epicurus
In *De Voluptate*, Valla contrasted Stoic principles with Epicurean tenets, showing a clear sympathy for natural appetites, aligning with Epicurean philosophy.
What was another title for Valla's logic text, *Repastinatio dialectice et philosophie*?
Answer: *Dialectica*
Valla's logic text, *Repastinatio dialectice et philosophie*, was also known as *Dialectica* or *Dialecticae disputationes*.
What philosophical topic did Valla address in his work *De libero arbitrio*?
Answer: The concept of Free Will
Valla's work *De libero arbitrio* specifically addressed the philosophical concept of Free Will.
Lorenzo Valla's tomb was preserved at Saint John Lateran, and a memorial was erected there by Pope Gregory XIII in his honor.
Answer: False
Pope Gregory XIII ordered the *destruction* of Valla's tomb in 1576, not its preservation or the erection of a memorial in his honor. A memorial exists today, but it was not erected by Gregory XIII in his honor.
Older biographies consistently portray Lorenzo Valla as a diplomatic and agreeable scholar who avoided literary and theological disputes.
Answer: False
Older biographies characterize Valla as a quarrelsome individual known for critical wit and involvement in numerous literary and theological disputes, not as diplomatic or agreeable.
Martin Luther and Desiderius Erasmus both expressed high regard for Lorenzo Valla's writings and scholarship.
Answer: True
The source indicates that Martin Luther held a high opinion of Valla, and Erasmus praised him as 'no better guide' for Latin grammar.
Valla's *Antidotum in Pogium* was a response to an attack initiated by Poggio Bracciolini in his work *Oratio in L. Vallam*.
Answer: True
The source confirms that *Antidotum in Pogium* was Valla's response to Poggio Bracciolini's *Oratio in L. Vallam*.
Valla's *Elegantiae linguae Latinae* was a highly influential work, reprinted nearly sixty times between 1471 and 1536.
Answer: True
The source states that *Elegantiae linguae Latinae* was reprinted nearly sixty times between 1471 and 1536, indicating its significant influence.
What happened to Lorenzo Valla's original tomb in 1576?
Answer: It was destroyed by order of Pope Gregory XIII.
In 1576, Pope Gregory XIII ordered the destruction of Valla's tomb and epitaph at Saint John Lateran.
How do older biographies generally characterize Lorenzo Valla?
Answer: As a quarrelsome individual known for critical wit and opposition to the Church's temporal power.
Older biographies portray Lorenzo Valla as a quarrelsome individual known for critical wit and opposition to the temporal power of the Catholic Church.
What did Desiderius Erasmus state about Lorenzo Valla in his *De ratione studii*?
Answer: That there was 'no better guide than Lorenzo Valla' for Latin grammar.
Desiderius Erasmus praised Valla in his *De ratione studii*, stating that there was 'no better guide than Lorenzo Valla' for Latin grammar.
Which work initiated the dispute that led to Valla writing *Antidotum in Pogium*?
Answer: *Oratio in L. Vallam*
Poggio Bracciolini's *Oratio in L. Vallam* initiated the dispute to which Valla responded with *Antidotum in Pogium*.
How many times was Valla's *Elegantiae linguae Latinae* reprinted between 1471 and 1536?
Answer: Nearly sixty times
Valla's *Elegantiae linguae Latinae* was reprinted nearly sixty times between 1471 and 1536.
The first critical edition of Valla's *Repastinatio dialectice et philosophie* was edited by A. Perosa and published in Florence in 1970.
Answer: False
The first critical edition of *Repastinatio dialectice et philosophie* was edited by G. Zippel and published in Padua in 1982.
The 1471 Venice edition of *Elegantiae linguae Latinae* was edited by S. López Moreda.
Answer: True
The source confirms that the 1471 Venice edition of *Elegantiae linguae Latinae* was edited by S. López Moreda.
Valla's *De vero falsoque bono* was edited by W. Setz and published in Weimar.
Answer: False
Valla's *De vero falsoque bono* was edited by M. de Panizza Lorch and published in Bari in 1970, not by W. Setz in Weimar.
A. Perosa edited Valla's *Collatio Novi Testamenti*, which was published in Florence in 1970.
Answer: True
The source states that A. Perosa edited Valla's *Collatio Novi Testamenti*, published in Florence in 1970.
Harvard University Press published *On the Donation of Constantine* as part of The I Tatti Renaissance Library in 2007.
Answer: True
Harvard University Press published *On the Donation of Constantine* in 2007 as part of The I Tatti Renaissance Library.
Brendan Cook translated *On the donation of Constantine* into English for Harvard University Press.
Answer: False
G. W. Bowersock translated *On the donation of Constantine* into English, not Brendan Cook.
An English translation of Valla's *Dialogue on Free Will* by C. Trinkaus is found in 'The Renaissance Philosophy of Man'.
Answer: True
An English translation of Valla's *Dialogue on Free Will* by C. Trinkaus is indeed included in 'The Renaissance Philosophy of Man'.
Olga Zorzi Pugliese translated *De vero falsoque bono* into English.
Answer: False
A. K. Hieatt and M. Lorch translated *De vero falsoque bono* into English, while Olga Zorzi Pugliese translated *The profession of the religious* and selections from *The falsely-believed and forged donation of Constantine*.
B. P. Copenhaver and L. Nauta provided the Latin text and English translation for Valla's *Dialectical Disputations* (Repastinatio).
Answer: True
B. P. Copenhaver and L. Nauta provided both the Latin text and English translation for Valla's *Dialectical Disputations* (Repastinatio).
Who edited the first critical edition of Valla's *Repastinatio dialectice et philosophie*?
Answer: G. Zippel
G. Zippel edited the first critical edition of Valla's *Repastinatio dialectice et philosophie*.
Who edited the 1471 Venice edition of *Elegantiae linguae Latinae*?
Answer: S. López Moreda
S. López Moreda edited the 1471 Venice edition of *Elegantiae linguae Latinae*.
Who edited Valla's work *De vero falsoque bono*?
Answer: M. de Panizza Lorch
M. de Panizza Lorch edited Valla's work *De vero falsoque bono*.
Who edited Valla's *Collatio Novi Testamenti*?
Answer: A. Perosa
A. Perosa edited Valla's *Collatio Novi Testamenti*.
Which editor is cited for an edition of Valla's *De falso credita et ementita Constantini donatione*?
Answer: W. Setz
W. Setz is cited as the editor for an edition of Valla's *De falso credita et ementita Constantini donatione*.
Who edited Valla's *Ars Grammatica* and provided an Italian translation?
Answer: P. Casciano
P. Casciano edited Valla's *Ars Grammatica* and provided an Italian translation.
Which institution published *On the Donation of Constantine* as part of The I Tatti Renaissance Library?
Answer: Harvard University Press
Harvard University Press published *On the Donation of Constantine* as part of The I Tatti Renaissance Library.
Which institution published *Dialectical Disputations* as part of The I Tatti Renaissance Library?
Answer: Harvard University Press
Harvard University Press published *Dialectical Disputations* as part of The I Tatti Renaissance Library.
Who edited Valla's *Correspondence* for The I Tatti Renaissance Library?
Answer: Brendan Cook
Brendan Cook edited Valla's *Correspondence* for The I Tatti Renaissance Library.
Who translated *On the donation of Constantine* into English?
Answer: G. W. Bowersock
G. W. Bowersock translated *On the donation of Constantine* into English.
An English translation of Valla's *Dialogue on Free Will* by C. Trinkaus is included in which publication?
Answer: 'The Renaissance Philosophy of Man'
An English translation of Valla's *Dialogue on Free Will* by C. Trinkaus is included in 'The Renaissance Philosophy of Man'.
Who translated *The profession of the religious and selections from The falsely-believed and forged donation of Constantine*?
Answer: Olga Zorzi Pugliese
Olga Zorzi Pugliese translated *The profession of the religious and selections from The falsely-believed and forged donation of Constantine*.
Who translated *De vero falsoque bono* into English?
Answer: A. K. Hieatt and M. Lorch
A. K. Hieatt and M. Lorch translated *De vero falsoque bono* into English.
An English translation of Valla's *In Praise of Saint Thomas Aquinas* by M. E. Hanley is available in which edited work?
Answer: *Renaissance Philosophy*
An English translation of Valla's *In Praise of Saint Thomas Aquinas* by M. E. Hanley is available in *Renaissance Philosophy*, edited by L. A. Kennedy.
Who provided both the Latin text and the English translation for Valla's *Dialectical Disputations* (Repastinatio) for The I Tatti Renaissance Library?
Answer: B. P. Copenhaver and L. Nauta
B. P. Copenhaver and L. Nauta provided both the Latin text and the English translation for Valla's *Dialectical Disputations* (Repastinatio) for The I Tatti Renaissance Library.