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Total Categories: 8
The Mandal Commission was established in January 1977 under the leadership of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi.
Answer: False
The Commission was established in January 1977, but under the leadership of Prime Minister Morarji Desai, not Indira Gandhi.
The primary objective of the Mandal Commission was to identify socially or educationally backward classes and recommend measures for their upliftment.
Answer: True
The Commission's mandate was precisely to identify socially or educationally backward classes and to recommend measures for their advancement and inclusion.
B. P. Singh served as the chairman of the Mandal Commission.
Answer: False
The chairman of the Mandal Commission was B. P. Mandal, not B. P. Singh.
Under which Prime Minister was the Mandal Commission initially established?
Answer: Morarji Desai
The Mandal Commission was established in January 1977 during the tenure of Prime Minister Morarji Desai.
What was the main goal for which the Mandal Commission was created?
Answer: To identify socially or educationally backward classes and consider reservations for them.
The Commission's primary objective was to identify socially and educationally backward classes and to recommend measures, including reservations, for their upliftment and inclusion.
Who chaired the Mandal Commission?
Answer: B. P. Mandal
The Mandal Commission was chaired by B. P. Mandal, a former Member of Parliament.
The Mandal Commission recommended a 27% reservation quota for Other Backward Classes (OBCs).
Answer: True
The Commission's report, submitted in 1980, recommended a 27% reservation quota for Other Backward Classes (OBCs).
The Mandal Commission's recommendations aimed to bring the total reservation quota to approximately 55%.
Answer: False
The Mandal Commission's recommendations, including the 27% for OBCs, aimed for a total reservation quota of 49.5%, not 55%.
The Mandal Commission used only economic indicators to identify socially or educationally backward classes.
Answer: False
The Mandal Commission utilized eleven indicators, encompassing social, economic, and educational factors, not solely economic ones, to identify backward classes.
The total reservation quota resulting from the Mandal Commission's recommendations was 49.5%.
Answer: True
The Mandal Commission's recommendations, including the 27% for OBCs, proposed a total reservation quota of 49.5%.
There was a gap of nearly ten years between the Mandal Commission's report submission and its implementation.
Answer: True
A significant gap of approximately nine to ten years existed between the submission of the Mandal Commission's report in December 1980 and its implementation in August 1990.
The Mandal Commission assessed backwardness using only social indicators.
Answer: False
The Mandal Commission assessed backwardness using a comprehensive set of eleven indicators, which included social, economic, and educational factors, not solely social indicators.
December 30, 1980, is the date the Mandal Commission submitted its report.
Answer: True
December 30, 1980, is indeed the date on which the Mandal Commission officially submitted its comprehensive report.
When did the Mandal Commission submit its report, and what key reservation percentage did it recommend?
Answer: December 30, 1980; 27%
The Mandal Commission submitted its report on December 30, 1980, recommending a 27% reservation quota for Other Backward Classes (OBCs).
What was the total reservation quota proposed by the Mandal Commission's recommendations, including existing quotas?
Answer: 49.5%
The Mandal Commission's recommendations, when combined with existing reservations, proposed a total reservation quota of 49.5%.
The Mandal Commission used how many indicators to identify socially or educationally backward classes?
Answer: Eleven
The Mandal Commission employed a set of eleven indicators, encompassing social, economic, and educational criteria, to identify socially and educationally backward classes.
What was the approximate duration between the Mandal Commission submitting its report and the implementation of its recommendations?
Answer: Approximately 9-10 years
There was a substantial period of approximately nine to ten years between the submission of the Mandal Commission's report in December 1980 and the implementation of its recommendations in August 1990.
Prime Minister V. P. Singh implemented the Mandal Commission's recommendations in August 1990.
Answer: True
Prime Minister V. P. Singh's government officially implemented the Mandal Commission's recommendations concerning reservations in August 1990.
The policy change enacted by V. P. Singh in August 1990 reserved 27% of jobs for Scheduled Castes (SCs).
Answer: False
The 27% reservation implemented in August 1990 was specifically for Other Backward Classes (OBCs), not Scheduled Castes (SCs).
The 27% reservation implemented in August 1990 applied only to jobs in public universities.
Answer: False
The 27% reservation policy implemented in August 1990 applied to jobs in central government services and public sector undertakings, not solely public universities.
Prime Minister V. P. Singh belonged to the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) when he implemented the Mandal report.
Answer: False
Prime Minister V. P. Singh belonged to the Janata Dal party when he implemented the Mandal Commission's recommendations, not the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).
The 27% reservation policy primarily affected jobs in public universities.
Answer: False
The 27% reservation policy implemented in 1990 primarily affected jobs in central government services and public sector undertakings, not exclusively public universities.
Which Prime Minister was in office when the Mandal Commission's recommendations were implemented?
Answer: V. P. Singh
Prime Minister V. P. Singh was in office when the Mandal Commission's recommendations were implemented in August 1990.
What specific reservation policy was enacted by Prime Minister V. P. Singh in August 1990?
Answer: 27% reservation for Other Backward Classes (OBCs) in central government and public sector jobs.
In August 1990, Prime Minister V. P. Singh enacted a policy reserving 27% of jobs in central government services and public sector undertakings for Other Backward Classes (OBCs).
Which institutions were directly affected by the 27% reservation policy implemented in August 1990?
Answer: Central government jobs and public sector undertakings.
The 27% reservation policy enacted in August 1990 directly impacted employment opportunities within central government services and public sector undertakings.
The Mandal Commission protests in 1990 were primarily triggered by the government's decision to implement reservation policies based on economic status.
Answer: False
The protests were triggered by the implementation of reservation policies based on caste, not economic status.
The implementation of the Mandal Commission's reservation policy was met with widespread public approval and no significant opposition.
Answer: False
The implementation of the policy was met with widespread protests and significant opposition across India.
Protesters against the Mandal Commission implementation argued that reservations based on caste were unfair and perpetuated division.
Answer: True
A primary argument of the protesters was that granting reservations based on caste was inherently discriminatory and divisive.
Newspapers played a role in documenting the Mandal Commission protests by publishing photographs and articles.
Answer: True
Newspapers were instrumental in documenting the protests, publishing photographs and articles that detailed the events and their impact.
The Mandal Commission protests have been depicted in popular culture, including a 2022 film titled 'Hurdang'.
Answer: True
The Mandal Commission protests have been represented in popular culture, notably in the 2022 film 'Hurdang' and the 2010 TV series 'Armanon Ka Balidaan-Aarakshan'.
Newspapers primarily focused on reporting the peaceful aspects of the protests, ignoring disruptions.
Answer: False
Newspapers documented both the events and disruptions of the protests, including photographs of protest activities and reports on disturbances.
The Jat reservation agitation (2016) and Patidar reservation agitation (2017) are mentioned as unrelated topics.
Answer: False
The Jat reservation agitation (2016) and Patidar reservation agitation (2017) are mentioned in the 'See also' section as related topics, providing context for other reservation movements.
The 'See also' section provides examples of other reservation-related movements.
Answer: True
The 'See also' section lists related topics, such as other significant reservation agitations like the Jat and Patidar movements, to offer broader context.
What was the primary catalyst for the Mandal Commission protests in 1990?
Answer: The government's decision to implement caste-based reservation policies in government jobs.
The immediate trigger for the widespread protests in 1990 was the government's decision to implement the Mandal Commission's recommendations for caste-based reservations in central government employment.
How did Indian society react immediately following the implementation of the Mandal Commission's reservation policy?
Answer: Widespread protests across India.
The implementation of the Mandal Commission's reservation policy triggered widespread protests and significant public unrest across India.
What was the core objection raised by protesters against the Mandal Commission's implementation?
Answer: Granting jobs based on caste was discriminatory.
The central objection voiced by protesters was that awarding government positions based on caste constituted discrimination and perpetuated social divisions.
What role did newspapers play in documenting the protests?
Answer: They published photographs and articles about the protest events.
Newspapers played a significant role by publishing photographs and articles that documented the protest events, including details of disruptions and participant involvement.
The Mandal Commission protests caused minimal disruption to daily life and services in India.
Answer: False
The protests caused significant disruptions, including the halting of roads, transportation, government offices, schools, and businesses.
Students were not significantly involved in the protests against the Mandal Commission's policies.
Answer: False
Students were among the primary participants in the protests, actively organizing demonstrations and protest events.
Bandhs and hartals were culturally distinct protest methods used during the Mandal Commission demonstrations.
Answer: True
Bandhs (a form of strike) and hartals (a form of municipal shut-down) were among the culturally distinct protest methods employed during the demonstrations.
Destruction of public property and looting were not associated with the protest methods like bandhs and dharnas.
Answer: False
Incidents of destruction of public property, looting, and intimidation were reported in connection with protest methods such as bandhs and dharnas.
Inter-city travel by airline and vehicle was completely halted during the protests.
Answer: False
Despite widespread disruptions, inter-city travel by airline and vehicle was not completely halted, with some routes remaining operational.
A 'dharna' is a form of strike where normal activities are halted.
Answer: False
A 'dharna' is described as a form of swarming or sit-in protest, distinct from a strike where activities are halted.
A 'hartal' during the protests signified a temporary closure of businesses and services within a locality.
Answer: True
A 'hartal' during the protests signified a municipal shut-down, indicating a temporary closure of businesses and services within a specific area.
Who were identified as primary participants in the anti-Mandal Commission protests?
Answer: Students and anti-reservation activists.
The anti-Mandal Commission protests primarily involved students and individuals actively opposing the reservation policies.
What does the term 'bandh' refer to in the context of the Mandal Commission protests?
Answer: A form of strike.
In the context of the Mandal Commission protests, a 'bandh' referred to a form of strike where normal activities were halted.
What types of negative incidents were reported in connection with protest methods like bandhs and hartals?
Answer: Destruction of public property, looting, and intimidation.
Protest methods such as bandhs and hartals were associated with negative incidents including the destruction of public property, looting, and acts of intimidation.
What cultural protest methods were employed during the demonstrations, besides bandhs and hartals?
Answer: Dharnas (swarming or sit-in protests)
Beyond bandhs and hartals, 'dharnas,' characterized as swarming or sit-in protests, were also employed as significant methods during the demonstrations.
The escalating protests led to the resignation of Prime Minister V. P. Singh.
Answer: True
The political ramifications of the Mandal Commission protests and the government's handling of them ultimately contributed to the resignation of Prime Minister V. P. Singh.
The Mandal Commission protests led to a decline in the political unity among OBC castes.
Answer: False
Conversely, the protests fostered greater political unity among OBC castes and strengthened related political parties.
The protests negatively impacted the political mobilization of OBC communities.
Answer: False
Contrary to negatively impacting mobilization, the protests significantly consolidated and enhanced the political mobilization of OBC communities.
The protests against the Mandal Commission report led to a decrease in its public recognition.
Answer: False
The protests, while oppositional, ultimately led to an increase in the public discourse and recognition of the Mandal Commission report.
Which political consequence resulted from the escalating Mandal Commission protests?
Answer: The resignation of Prime Minister V. P. Singh.
The political climate surrounding the Mandal Commission protests and their implementation ultimately led to the resignation of Prime Minister V. P. Singh.
How did the Mandal Commission protests influence the political unity of OBC castes?
Answer: It fostered political unity and strengthened related political parties.
The Mandal Commission protests played a crucial role in consolidating the political unity among OBC castes and significantly strengthened the influence of regional parties and other non-major national parties.
Rajiv Goswami was the first person to attempt self-immolation in protest against the Mandal Commission policies.
Answer: True
Rajiv Goswami is recognized as the first individual to attempt self-immolation in protest against the Mandal Commission's reservation policies.
Rajiv Goswami was a student at Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) when he attempted self-immolation.
Answer: False
Rajiv Goswami was a student at Deshbandhu College, affiliated with Delhi University, not Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), when he attempted self-immolation.
Rajiv Goswami's protest was against the implementation of reservation laws for Other Backward Classes (OBCs).
Answer: True
Rajiv Goswami's self-immolation attempt was a direct protest against Prime Minister V.P. Singh's implementation of the Mandal Commission's reservation policies for Other Backward Classes (OBCs).
Rajiv Goswami's self-immolation did not inspire similar acts by other students.
Answer: False
Rajiv Goswami's act of self-immolation did, in fact, inspire similar protests by other students, intensifying the opposition movement.
Rajiv Goswami was later elected President of the Delhi University Student Union and died about ten years after his protest.
Answer: True
Following his protest, Rajiv Goswami was elected President of the Delhi University Student Union. He succumbed to his injuries approximately ten years after his self-immolation attempt.
Rajiv Goswami's self-immolation attempt occurred at Delhi University's Deshbandhu College.
Answer: True
Rajiv Goswami's self-immolation attempt took place at Deshbandhu College, an institution affiliated with Delhi University.
Rajiv Goswami survived for over twenty years after his self-immolation attempt.
Answer: False
Rajiv Goswami survived for approximately ten years after his self-immolation attempt, succumbing to his injuries sustained from the severe burns.
Who was Rajiv Goswami, known for his protest action in October 1990?
Answer: A student who attempted self-immolation against the reservation policy.
Rajiv Goswami was a student who gained notoriety for being the first to attempt self-immolation in protest against the Mandal Commission's reservation policies.
What was the broader consequence of Rajiv Goswami's self-immolation protest?
Answer: It caused other students to attempt self-immolation and intensified the opposition.
Rajiv Goswami's protest action served as a catalyst, inspiring other students to attempt self-immolation and significantly intensifying the opposition movement against job reservations.
OBC is an acronym that stands for 'Official Backward Committee' in the context of the Mandal Commission.
Answer: False
In the context of the Mandal Commission, OBC is an acronym for 'Other Backward Class'.
The objective behind reservation policies was to provide compensation for historical injustices faced by certain castes.
Answer: True
Reservation policies, as advocated by the Mandal Commission, were intended to serve as a mechanism to compensate for and redress historical injustices faced by specific social groups.
Reservation in India refers to setting aside seats for historically advantaged groups to ensure diversity.
Answer: False
Reservation in India refers to the policy of setting aside positions or seats for historically disadvantaged groups, aiming to ensure equitable representation and remedy past discrimination, not for advantaged groups.
Affirmative action, in the context of the Mandal Commission, refers to policies aimed at disadvantaging historically marginalized groups.
Answer: False
Affirmative action, as applied by the Mandal Commission, refers to policies designed to benefit, not disadvantage, historically marginalized groups by promoting their inclusion and representation.
The identification of 'socially or educationally backward classes' was intended to consider measures for their inclusion and remedy discrimination.
Answer: True
The identification of 'socially or educationally backward classes' was precisely intended to inform measures for their inclusion and to remedy historical discrimination.
What does the acronym OBC stand for in the context of the Mandal Commission?
Answer: Other Backward Class
In the context of the Mandal Commission, OBC is the acronym for 'Other Backward Class,' referring to the social groups identified for reservation benefits.
The Mandal Commission's mandate to 'redress caste discrimination' implied:
Answer: Providing remedies for historical disadvantages faced by castes.
The mandate to 'redress caste discrimination' implied the necessity of providing remedies and compensatory measures for the historical disadvantages and systemic inequalities faced by certain castes.
In the context of Indian policy, 'reservation' generally refers to:
Answer: Setting aside positions for historically disadvantaged groups.
In the context of Indian policy, 'reservation' generally refers to the practice of setting aside a proportion of positions in educational institutions and government employment for historically disadvantaged social groups.