Wiki2Web Studio

Create complete, beautiful interactive educational materials in less than 5 minutes.

Print flashcards, homework worksheets, exams/quizzes, study guides, & more.

Export your learner materials as an interactive game, a webpage, or FAQ style cheatsheet.

Unsaved Work Found!

It looks like you have unsaved work from a previous session. Would you like to restore it?


Mary, Queen of Hungary: Reign and Succession

At a Glance

Title: Mary, Queen of Hungary: Reign and Succession

Total Categories: 5

Category Stats

  • Dynastic Origins and Early Life: 13 flashcards, 17 questions
  • Ascension and Initial Reign (1382-1385): 17 flashcards, 25 questions
  • Succession Crisis and Rival Claims (1385-1387): 20 flashcards, 29 questions
  • Co-Rule, Later Reign, and Demise (1387-1395): 11 flashcards, 16 questions
  • Historical Context and Representations: 10 flashcards, 13 questions

Total Stats

  • Total Flashcards: 71
  • True/False Questions: 58
  • Multiple Choice Questions: 42
  • Total Questions: 100

Instructions

Click the button to expand the instructions for how to use the Wiki2Web Teacher studio in order to print, edit, and export data about Mary, Queen of Hungary: Reign and Succession

Welcome to Your Curriculum Command Center

This guide will turn you into a Wiki2web Studio power user. Let's unlock the features designed to give you back your weekends.

The Core Concept: What is a "Kit"?

Think of a Kit as your all-in-one digital lesson plan. It's a single, portable file that contains every piece of content for a topic: your subject categories, a central image, all your flashcards, and all your questions. The true power of the Studio is speed—once a kit is made (or you import one), you are just minutes away from printing an entire set of coursework.

Getting Started is Simple:

  • Create New Kit: Start with a clean slate. Perfect for a brand-new lesson idea.
  • Import & Edit Existing Kit: Load a .json kit file from your computer to continue your work or to modify a kit created by a colleague.
  • Restore Session: The Studio automatically saves your progress in your browser. If you get interrupted, you can restore your unsaved work with one click.

Step 1: Laying the Foundation (The Authoring Tools)

This is where you build the core knowledge of your Kit. Use the left-side navigation panel to switch between these powerful authoring modules.

⚙️ Kit Manager: Your Kit's Identity

This is the high-level control panel for your project.

  • Kit Name: Give your Kit a clear title. This will appear on all your printed materials.
  • Master Image: Upload a custom cover image for your Kit. This is essential for giving your content a professional visual identity, and it's used as the main graphic when you export your Kit as an interactive game.
  • Topics: Create the structure for your lesson. Add topics like "Chapter 1," "Vocabulary," or "Key Formulas." All flashcards and questions will be organized under these topics.

🃏 Flashcard Author: Building the Knowledge Blocks

Flashcards are the fundamental concepts of your Kit. Create them here to define terms, list facts, or pose simple questions.

  • Click "➕ Add New Flashcard" to open the editor.
  • Fill in the term/question and the definition/answer.
  • Assign the flashcard to one of your pre-defined topics.
  • To edit or remove a flashcard, simply use the ✏️ (Edit) or ❌ (Delete) icons next to any entry in the list.

✍️ Question Author: Assessing Understanding

Create a bank of questions to test knowledge. These questions are the engine for your worksheets and exams.

  • Click "➕ Add New Question".
  • Choose a Type: True/False for quick checks or Multiple Choice for more complex assessments.
  • To edit an existing question, click the ✏️ icon. You can change the question text, options, correct answer, and explanation at any time.
  • The Explanation field is a powerful tool: the text you enter here will automatically appear on the teacher's answer key and on the Smart Study Guide, providing instant feedback.

🔗 Intelligent Mapper: The Smart Connection

This is the secret sauce of the Studio. The Mapper transforms your content from a simple list into an interconnected web of knowledge, automating the creation of amazing study guides.

  • Step 1: Select a question from the list on the left.
  • Step 2: In the right panel, click on every flashcard that contains a concept required to answer that question. They will turn green, indicating a successful link.
  • The Payoff: When you generate a Smart Study Guide, these linked flashcards will automatically appear under each question as "Related Concepts."

Step 2: The Magic (The Generator Suite)

You've built your content. Now, with a few clicks, turn it into a full suite of professional, ready-to-use materials. What used to take hours of formatting and copying-and-pasting can now be done in seconds.

🎓 Smart Study Guide Maker

Instantly create the ultimate review document. It combines your questions, the correct answers, your detailed explanations, and all the "Related Concepts" you linked in the Mapper into one cohesive, printable guide.

📝 Worksheet & 📄 Exam Builder

Generate unique assessments every time. The questions and multiple-choice options are randomized automatically. Simply select your topics, choose how many questions you need, and generate:

  • A Student Version, clean and ready for quizzing.
  • A Teacher Version, complete with a detailed answer key and the explanations you wrote.

🖨️ Flashcard Printer

Forget wrestling with table layouts in a word processor. Select a topic, choose a cards-per-page layout, and instantly generate perfectly formatted, print-ready flashcard sheets.

Step 3: Saving and Collaborating

  • 💾 Export & Save Kit: This is your primary save function. It downloads the entire Kit (content, images, and all) to your computer as a single .json file. Use this to create permanent backups and share your work with others.
  • ➕ Import & Merge Kit: Combine your work. You can merge a colleague's Kit into your own or combine two of your lessons into a larger review Kit.

You're now ready to reclaim your time.

You're not just a teacher; you're a curriculum designer, and this is your Studio.

This page is an interactive visualization based on the Wikipedia article "Mary, Queen of Hungary" (opens in new tab) and its cited references.

Text content is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License (opens in new tab). Additional terms may apply.

Disclaimer: This website is for informational purposes only and does not constitute any kind of advice. The information is not a substitute for consulting official sources or records or seeking advice from qualified professionals.


Owned and operated by Artificial General Intelligence LLC, a Michigan Registered LLC
Prompt engineering done with Gracekits.com
All rights reserved
Sitemaps | Contact

Export Options





Study Guide: Mary, Queen of Hungary: Reign and Succession

Study Guide: Mary, Queen of Hungary: Reign and Succession

Dynastic Origins and Early Life

Mary, Queen of Hungary, was the sole child of Louis the Great and Elizabeth of Bosnia.

Answer: False

Mary was not the sole child; she had an elder sister, Catherine, who died in 1378.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the political situation in Hungary regarding succession after Louis the Great's death?: After Louis the Great's death, his elder daughter Mary was crowned queen. However, the nobility's preference for a male ruler and the claim of Charles III of Naples created significant political instability and opposition to Mary's reign.
  • How did Sigismund of Luxembourg become involved in Mary's reign and marriage?: Sigismund of Luxembourg was betrothed to Mary before she was a year old. He later invaded Upper Hungary, prompting Queen Mother Elizabeth to agree to Mary's marriage to Sigismund in October 1385, though he did not immediately assume a governmental role.
  • What was the political implication of Mary's engagement to Louis of France for the Hungarian nobility?: The engagement of Mary to Louis of France caused a new rift within the Hungarian nobility. This was because some high officers, appointed during Louis the Great's reign, continued to support Mary's original fiancé, Sigismund, in accordance with Louis the Great's will.

Jadwiga, Mary's younger sister, was crowned Queen of Poland in 1384.

Answer: True

Jadwiga, Mary's younger sister, was crowned Queen of Poland in 1384.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the political situation in Hungary in February 1387 regarding Sigismund?: In February 1387, Sigismund of Luxembourg invaded Slavonia in an attempt to quell the rebellion led by the Horvat brothers. However, he was unsuccessful in defeating the rebels at that time.
  • What was the significance of the Diet convoked in the spring of 1385?: The Diet convoked in the spring of 1385 was an attempt by the queens and their supporters to address the grievances of the noblemen. Mary confirmed her father's decrees on noble privileges, but the meeting failed to resolve the political divisions.
  • How did Sigismund of Luxembourg become involved in Mary's reign and marriage?: Sigismund of Luxembourg was betrothed to Mary before she was a year old. He later invaded Upper Hungary, prompting Queen Mother Elizabeth to agree to Mary's marriage to Sigismund in October 1385, though he did not immediately assume a governmental role.

Mary's paternal grandparents were Louis I of Hungary and Elizabeth of Poland.

Answer: True

Mary's paternal grandparents were Louis I of Hungary and his first wife, Elizabeth of Poland.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the impact of Sigismund's mortgage of territories west of the Vág River?: Sigismund mortgaged territories west of the Vág River to his Moravian cousins. This action, taken in 1385, indicated his financial dealings and potential strategic moves separate from Mary's immediate government.
  • What was the political implication of Mary's engagement to Louis of France for the Hungarian nobility?: The engagement of Mary to Louis of France caused a new rift within the Hungarian nobility. This was because some high officers, appointed during Louis the Great's reign, continued to support Mary's original fiancé, Sigismund, in accordance with Louis the Great's will.
  • How did Sigismund of Luxembourg become involved in Mary's reign and marriage?: Sigismund of Luxembourg was betrothed to Mary before she was a year old. He later invaded Upper Hungary, prompting Queen Mother Elizabeth to agree to Mary's marriage to Sigismund in October 1385, though he did not immediately assume a governmental role.

Mary's maternal grandparents were Stephen II, Ban of Bosnia, and Elizabeth of Serbia.

Answer: True

Mary's maternal grandparents were Stephen II, Ban of Bosnia, and Elizabeth of Serbia.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the outcome of the battle or ambush at Gorjani on July 25, 1386?: At Gorjani, John Horvat, John of Palisna, and their retainers ambushed and attacked Mary, her mother Elizabeth, and their retinue. The queens' entourage was overwhelmed, resulting in the death or capture of all its members.
  • How did Sigismund of Luxembourg become involved in Mary's reign and marriage?: Sigismund of Luxembourg was betrothed to Mary before she was a year old. He later invaded Upper Hungary, prompting Queen Mother Elizabeth to agree to Mary's marriage to Sigismund in October 1385, though he did not immediately assume a governmental role.
  • What was the impact of Sigismund's mortgage of territories west of the Vág River?: Sigismund mortgaged territories west of the Vág River to his Moravian cousins. This action, taken in 1385, indicated his financial dealings and potential strategic moves separate from Mary's immediate government.

Mary's younger sister, Jadwiga, was designated to succeed their father in Hungary, not Poland.

Answer: False

Jadwiga was designated to succeed their father in Poland, not Hungary.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the political situation in Hungary in February 1387 regarding Sigismund?: In February 1387, Sigismund of Luxembourg invaded Slavonia in an attempt to quell the rebellion led by the Horvat brothers. However, he was unsuccessful in defeating the rebels at that time.
  • What was the political situation in Hungary regarding succession after Louis the Great's death?: After Louis the Great's death, his elder daughter Mary was crowned queen. However, the nobility's preference for a male ruler and the claim of Charles III of Naples created significant political instability and opposition to Mary's reign.
  • What was the nature of the dispute over the Hungarian succession involving Charles III of Naples?: The dispute arose because Charles III of Naples was considered the lawful heir by many Hungarian noblemen, as he was the last male descendant of the Capetian House of Anjou, excluding his own son. This contrasted with Mary, who was Louis the Great's daughter but a female ruler.

The "Anjou" in Maria of Anjou refers to her maternal lineage from the House of Bourbon.

Answer: False

The "Anjou" in Maria of Anjou refers to her family lineage, the Capetian House of Anjou, not the House of Bourbon.

Related Concepts:

  • How did Mary become Queen of Hungary, and who was involved in her coronation?: Upon the death of her father, Louis the Great, on September 10, 1382, Mary was crowned "king" of Hungary in Székesfehérvár on September 17, 1382. The coronation was performed by Cardinal Demetrius, Archbishop of Esztergom, using the Holy Crown of Hungary.
  • What was the role of the Hungarian Diet during the turbulent periods of Mary's reign?: The Hungarian Diet played a crucial role in legitimizing rulers, such as electing Charles III as king and later crowning Sigismund. It also acted on behalf of the absent queens during their captivity, promising pardons and making governmental decisions.
  • What was the political situation in Hungary regarding succession after Louis the Great's death?: After Louis the Great's death, his elder daughter Mary was crowned queen. However, the nobility's preference for a male ruler and the claim of Charles III of Naples created significant political instability and opposition to Mary's reign.

The phrase "cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty" implies Mary's family was the main line of the dynasty.

Answer: False

The phrase "cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty" implies Mary's family originated from a junior line of the main Capetian dynasty of France.

Related Concepts:

  • What does the image of the Nádasdy Mausoleum depict regarding Queen Mary?: The image from the Nádasdy Mausoleum shows a depiction of Queen Mary, dating from 1664. This indicates that her image and memory were preserved in art long after her death.
  • What was the fate of Nicholas Garai and Blaise Forgách after the ambush at Gorjani?: Nicholas Garai and Blaise Forgách were beheaded following the ambush at Gorjani. Their heads were presented to Mary and her mother in their carriage, a grim testament to the violence of the conflict.

Mary's father, Louis the Great, was also King of Bohemia.

Answer: False

Mary's father, Louis the Great, was King of Hungary and Poland, not Bohemia.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the political implication of Mary's engagement to Louis of France for the Hungarian nobility?: The engagement of Mary to Louis of France caused a new rift within the Hungarian nobility. This was because some high officers, appointed during Louis the Great's reign, continued to support Mary's original fiancé, Sigismund, in accordance with Louis the Great's will.
  • What was the political situation in Hungary regarding succession after Louis the Great's death?: After Louis the Great's death, his elder daughter Mary was crowned queen. However, the nobility's preference for a male ruler and the claim of Charles III of Naples created significant political instability and opposition to Mary's reign.
  • How did Sigismund of Luxembourg become involved in Mary's reign and marriage?: Sigismund of Luxembourg was betrothed to Mary before she was a year old. He later invaded Upper Hungary, prompting Queen Mother Elizabeth to agree to Mary's marriage to Sigismund in October 1385, though he did not immediately assume a governmental role.

Catherine, Mary's elder sister, was betrothed to Louis of France but died before the marriage.

Answer: True

Catherine, Mary's elder sister, was betrothed to Louis of France but died in late 1378, before the marriage.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the reason for the Hungarian clergy's opposition to the French marriage proposal for Mary?: The Hungarian clergy opposed the French marriage because France supported Antipope Clement VII. The Hungarian clergy considered Clement VII an antipope, making the alliance politically and religiously problematic.
  • Who was Mary, Queen of Hungary, and what were her primary regnal titles and periods of rule?: Mary, also known as Maria of Anjou, reigned as King of Hungary and Croatia. Her first reign was from 1382 to 1385, and her second reign was from 1386 until her death in 1395. She was the daughter of Louis the Great, King of Hungary and Poland.
  • What was the political situation in Hungary regarding succession after Louis the Great's death?: After Louis the Great's death, his elder daughter Mary was crowned queen. However, the nobility's preference for a male ruler and the claim of Charles III of Naples created significant political instability and opposition to Mary's reign.

Who was Mary, Queen of Hungary's father, and what were his primary titles?

Answer: Louis the Great, King of Hungary and Poland

Mary's father was Louis the Great, who held the titles of King of Hungary and King of Poland.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the political implication of Mary's engagement to Louis of France for the Hungarian nobility?: The engagement of Mary to Louis of France caused a new rift within the Hungarian nobility. This was because some high officers, appointed during Louis the Great's reign, continued to support Mary's original fiancé, Sigismund, in accordance with Louis the Great's will.
  • What was the significance of Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg?: Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg, a member of the imperial Luxembourg dynasty, was arranged before she turned one year old. This union was confirmed by a delegation of Polish prelates and lords in 1379, solidifying her claim to succession.
  • What was the political situation in Hungary regarding succession after Louis the Great's death?: After Louis the Great's death, his elder daughter Mary was crowned queen. However, the nobility's preference for a male ruler and the claim of Charles III of Naples created significant political instability and opposition to Mary's reign.

When was Mary, Queen of Hungary, born?

Answer: 1371

Mary was born in the latter half of 1371.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the political situation in Hungary regarding succession after Louis the Great's death?: After Louis the Great's death, his elder daughter Mary was crowned queen. However, the nobility's preference for a male ruler and the claim of Charles III of Naples created significant political instability and opposition to Mary's reign.
  • How did Sigismund of Luxembourg become involved in Mary's reign and marriage?: Sigismund of Luxembourg was betrothed to Mary before she was a year old. He later invaded Upper Hungary, prompting Queen Mother Elizabeth to agree to Mary's marriage to Sigismund in October 1385, though he did not immediately assume a governmental role.
  • What was the significance of Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg?: Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg, a member of the imperial Luxembourg dynasty, was arranged before she turned one year old. This union was confirmed by a delegation of Polish prelates and lords in 1379, solidifying her claim to succession.

Which of Mary's sisters was crowned Queen of Poland?

Answer: Jadwiga

Mary's sister Jadwiga was crowned Queen of Poland in 1384.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the political situation in Hungary in February 1387 regarding Sigismund?: In February 1387, Sigismund of Luxembourg invaded Slavonia in an attempt to quell the rebellion led by the Horvat brothers. However, he was unsuccessful in defeating the rebels at that time.
  • What was the political situation in Hungary regarding succession after Louis the Great's death?: After Louis the Great's death, his elder daughter Mary was crowned queen. However, the nobility's preference for a male ruler and the claim of Charles III of Naples created significant political instability and opposition to Mary's reign.
  • How did Sigismund of Luxembourg become involved in Mary's reign and marriage?: Sigismund of Luxembourg was betrothed to Mary before she was a year old. He later invaded Upper Hungary, prompting Queen Mother Elizabeth to agree to Mary's marriage to Sigismund in October 1385, though he did not immediately assume a governmental role.

Who were Mary's maternal grandparents?

Answer: Stephen II, Ban of Bosnia, and Elizabeth of Serbia.

Mary's maternal grandparents were Stephen II, Ban of Bosnia, and Elizabeth of Serbia.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the outcome of the battle or ambush at Gorjani on July 25, 1386?: At Gorjani, John Horvat, John of Palisna, and their retainers ambushed and attacked Mary, her mother Elizabeth, and their retinue. The queens' entourage was overwhelmed, resulting in the death or capture of all its members.
  • What was the impact of Sigismund's mortgage of territories west of the Vág River?: Sigismund mortgaged territories west of the Vág River to his Moravian cousins. This action, taken in 1385, indicated his financial dealings and potential strategic moves separate from Mary's immediate government.
  • How did Sigismund of Luxembourg become involved in Mary's reign and marriage?: Sigismund of Luxembourg was betrothed to Mary before she was a year old. He later invaded Upper Hungary, prompting Queen Mother Elizabeth to agree to Mary's marriage to Sigismund in October 1385, though he did not immediately assume a governmental role.

What was the political significance of Mary's younger sister, Jadwiga, in Poland?

Answer: Jadwiga was crowned Queen of Poland in 1384.

Jadwiga, Mary's younger sister, was crowned Queen of Poland in 1384.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the political situation in Hungary in February 1387 regarding Sigismund?: In February 1387, Sigismund of Luxembourg invaded Slavonia in an attempt to quell the rebellion led by the Horvat brothers. However, he was unsuccessful in defeating the rebels at that time.
  • What was the significance of the Diet convoked in the spring of 1385?: The Diet convoked in the spring of 1385 was an attempt by the queens and their supporters to address the grievances of the noblemen. Mary confirmed her father's decrees on noble privileges, but the meeting failed to resolve the political divisions.

What does the phrase "cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty" mean in relation to Mary's family?

Answer: They originated from a junior line of the main Capetian dynasty of France.

The phrase "cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty" means that Mary's family originated from a junior line of the main Capetian dynasty of France.

Related Concepts:

  • What does the image of the Nádasdy Mausoleum depict regarding Queen Mary?: The image from the Nádasdy Mausoleum shows a depiction of Queen Mary, dating from 1664. This indicates that her image and memory were preserved in art long after her death.
  • What was the fate of Nicholas Garai and Blaise Forgách after the ambush at Gorjani?: Nicholas Garai and Blaise Forgách were beheaded following the ambush at Gorjani. Their heads were presented to Mary and her mother in their carriage, a grim testament to the violence of the conflict.
  • What was the outcome of the battle or ambush at Gorjani on July 25, 1386?: At Gorjani, John Horvat, John of Palisna, and their retainers ambushed and attacked Mary, her mother Elizabeth, and their retinue. The queens' entourage was overwhelmed, resulting in the death or capture of all its members.

How did Mary's father, Louis the Great, influence the succession?

Answer: He designated Mary as heir to Hungary and Jadwiga to Poland.

Louis the Great designated Mary as heir to Hungary and Jadwiga to Poland.

Related Concepts:

  • When was Mary released from captivity, and who became her co-ruler?: Mary was released from captivity on June 4, 1387. Her husband, Sigismund, who had been crowned king, officially became her co-ruler from 1387 until her death.
  • What was the fate of Nicholas Garai and Blaise Forgách after the ambush at Gorjani?: Nicholas Garai and Blaise Forgách were beheaded following the ambush at Gorjani. Their heads were presented to Mary and her mother in their carriage, a grim testament to the violence of the conflict.
  • What was the political implication of Mary's engagement to Louis of France for the Hungarian nobility?: The engagement of Mary to Louis of France caused a new rift within the Hungarian nobility. This was because some high officers, appointed during Louis the Great's reign, continued to support Mary's original fiancé, Sigismund, in accordance with Louis the Great's will.

What does the "Anjou" in Maria of Anjou refer to?

Answer: Her family lineage, the Capetian House of Anjou.

The "Anjou" in Maria of Anjou refers to her family lineage, the Capetian House of Anjou.

Related Concepts:

  • What does the "Anjou" in Maria of Anjou refer to?: The "Anjou" in Maria of Anjou refers to her family lineage, the Capetian House of Anjou, which was a powerful royal dynasty that ruled in Hungary and other parts of Europe.

Ascension and Initial Reign (1382-1385)

Mary's first reign as Queen of Hungary lasted from 1382 to 1395 without interruption.

Answer: False

Mary's reign was interrupted by the coronation of Charles III of Naples and her subsequent captivity.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the political situation in Hungary regarding succession after Louis the Great's death?: After Louis the Great's death, his elder daughter Mary was crowned queen. However, the nobility's preference for a male ruler and the claim of Charles III of Naples created significant political instability and opposition to Mary's reign.
  • What was the significance of Mary confirming Tvrtko I of Bosnia's acquisition of Kotor?: Mary's confirmation of Tvrtko I of Bosnia's acquisition of Kotor in August 1385 suggests a diplomatic move or acknowledgment of regional power dynamics, possibly to secure alliances or manage territorial claims during a period of internal strife.
  • How did Sigismund of Luxembourg become involved in Mary's reign and marriage?: Sigismund of Luxembourg was betrothed to Mary before she was a year old. He later invaded Upper Hungary, prompting Queen Mother Elizabeth to agree to Mary's marriage to Sigismund in October 1385, though he did not immediately assume a governmental role.

Mary was crowned King of Hungary shortly after her father Louis the Great's death.

Answer: True

Mary was crowned King of Hungary on September 17, 1382, shortly after her father Louis the Great's death on September 10, 1382.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the political situation in Hungary regarding succession after Louis the Great's death?: After Louis the Great's death, his elder daughter Mary was crowned queen. However, the nobility's preference for a male ruler and the claim of Charles III of Naples created significant political instability and opposition to Mary's reign.
  • Describe the events leading to Mary's deposition and subsequent restoration in 1385-1386.: Charles III of Naples invaded Hungary and was crowned king after Mary renounced the throne in December 1385. Following Charles's murder in February 1386, Mary was restored to the throne, with her mother continuing to rule in her name.
  • What was the political implication of Mary's engagement to Louis of France for the Hungarian nobility?: The engagement of Mary to Louis of France caused a new rift within the Hungarian nobility. This was because some high officers, appointed during Louis the Great's reign, continued to support Mary's original fiancé, Sigismund, in accordance with Louis the Great's will.

Mary was engaged to Louis of France, the elder brother of Charles VI.

Answer: False

Mary was engaged to Louis of France, the younger brother of Charles VI.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the context of Mary and her mother's imprisonment in 1386?: After Charles III's murder, Mary was restored to the throne. However, on July 25, 1386, she and her mother were captured by supporters of Charles III's son, Ladislaus of Naples, and imprisoned in Gomnec Castle.
  • How did Sigismund of Luxembourg become involved in Mary's reign and marriage?: Sigismund of Luxembourg was betrothed to Mary before she was a year old. He later invaded Upper Hungary, prompting Queen Mother Elizabeth to agree to Mary's marriage to Sigismund in October 1385, though he did not immediately assume a governmental role.
  • What role did Mary's mother, Elizabeth of Bosnia, play in her early reign?: Elizabeth of Bosnia assumed the regency after Louis the Great's death. She acted as Mary's primary advisor and regent, aiming to secure Mary's position as monarch and manage the kingdom's affairs.

Stephen Lackfi, Ban of Croatia, was dismissed by Queen Elizabeth of Bosnia in May 1385 due to treason.

Answer: True

Stephen Lackfi, Ban of Croatia, was dismissed by Queen Elizabeth in May 1385, accused of high treason.

Related Concepts:

  • How was Mary liberated from captivity in 1387?: Mary was liberated from Novigrad Castle on June 4, 1387, by a force led by Ivan of Krk, with assistance from a Venetian fleet commanded by Giovanni Barbarigo. She showed gratitude by knighting Barbarigo.

Sigismund of Luxembourg invaded Hungary in 1385 to claim the throne immediately.

Answer: False

Sigismund invaded Upper Hungary in 1385 and arranged his marriage to Mary, but did not immediately claim the throne.

Related Concepts:

  • What happened to John Horvat after his capture in July 1394?: John Horvat was captured in July 1394. According to Johannes de Thurocz, Mary persuaded Sigismund to have Horvat dismembered, despite Sigismund's initial willingness to spare him.
  • What does the term "King of Hungary" signify when applied to Mary?: The term "King of Hungary" applied to Mary signifies that she reigned with the full authority and title of a monarch, rather than as a consort. This was a notable aspect of her rule, as female rulers often held different titles or powers.

The Diet convoked in the spring of 1385 successfully resolved the political divisions in Hungary.

Answer: False

The Diet convoked in spring 1385 attempted to address noble grievances but failed to resolve the political divisions.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg?: Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg, a member of the imperial Luxembourg dynasty, was arranged before she turned one year old. This union was confirmed by a delegation of Polish prelates and lords in 1379, solidifying her claim to succession.
  • What does the "debate" or "dispute" mentioned in the navbox regarding Hungarian monarchs signify?: The navbox notes that debatable or disputed rulers are listed in italics. This suggests that historical consensus on the legitimacy or duration of certain rulers' reigns might be subject to interpretation or controversy.

The Holy Crown of Hungary was used in Mary's coronation, signifying her legitimate claim.

Answer: True

The Holy Crown of Hungary was used in Mary's coronation, signifying the legitimacy and continuity of her claim to the throne.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of the "seal of the regnicoles" during Mary's captivity?: While Mary and her mother were imprisoned, the barons of Hungary convoked a Diet using the "seal of the regnicoles." This indicates a period where the nobility exercised significant authority in the absence of effective royal rule.
  • What was the significance of Mary confirming Tvrtko I of Bosnia's acquisition of Kotor?: Mary's confirmation of Tvrtko I of Bosnia's acquisition of Kotor in August 1385 suggests a diplomatic move or acknowledgment of regional power dynamics, possibly to secure alliances or manage territorial claims during a period of internal strife.
  • Describe the events leading to Mary's deposition and subsequent restoration in 1385-1386.: Charles III of Naples invaded Hungary and was crowned king after Mary renounced the throne in December 1385. Following Charles's murder in February 1386, Mary was restored to the throne, with her mother continuing to rule in her name.

John of Palisna, Prior of Vrana, supported Mary's rule and helped quell rebellions.

Answer: False

John of Palisna led an open rebellion against Mary and her mother in 1383.

Related Concepts:

  • How did Sigismund become King of Hungary in 1387?: Sigismund was crowned King of Hungary on March 31, 1387. This decision was made by the Hungarian barons, who felt the kingdom needed an effective ruler amidst the ongoing political instability.

Sigismund mortgaged territories west of the Vág River to his Hungarian allies.

Answer: False

Sigismund mortgaged territories west of the Vág River to his Moravian cousins.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the relationship between Mary and her sister Jadwiga regarding the Hungarian crown after Mary's death?: After Mary's death in 1395, her sister Jadwiga claimed the Hungarian crown. However, Sigismund successfully retained the crown without significant difficulty.
  • Who were Mary's maternal grandparents?: Mary's maternal grandparents were Stephen II, Ban of Bosnia, and Elizabeth of Serbia. This lineage connects her to the Bosnian ruling family.

The term "King of Hungary" applied to Mary indicated she ruled only as a consort.

Answer: False

The term "King of Hungary" applied to Mary signified she reigned with the full authority and title of a monarch, not merely as a consort.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of Mary confirming Tvrtko I of Bosnia's acquisition of Kotor?: Mary's confirmation of Tvrtko I of Bosnia's acquisition of Kotor in August 1385 suggests a diplomatic move or acknowledgment of regional power dynamics, possibly to secure alliances or manage territorial claims during a period of internal strife.
  • What was the political situation in Hungary regarding succession after Louis the Great's death?: After Louis the Great's death, his elder daughter Mary was crowned queen. However, the nobility's preference for a male ruler and the claim of Charles III of Naples created significant political instability and opposition to Mary's reign.
  • What was the significance of Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg?: Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg, a member of the imperial Luxembourg dynasty, was arranged before she turned one year old. This union was confirmed by a delegation of Polish prelates and lords in 1379, solidifying her claim to succession.

Mary's engagement to Louis of France was supported by all Hungarian nobles.

Answer: False

Mary's engagement to Louis of France caused a rift among nobles, with some supporting Sigismund.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the context of Mary and her mother's imprisonment in 1386?: After Charles III's murder, Mary was restored to the throne. However, on July 25, 1386, she and her mother were captured by supporters of Charles III's son, Ladislaus of Naples, and imprisoned in Gomnec Castle.
  • What was the political situation in Hungary regarding succession after Louis the Great's death?: After Louis the Great's death, his elder daughter Mary was crowned queen. However, the nobility's preference for a male ruler and the claim of Charles III of Naples created significant political instability and opposition to Mary's reign.

The Hungarian clergy opposed the French marriage proposal for Mary because France supported the legitimate Pope.

Answer: False

The Hungarian clergy opposed the French marriage proposal because France supported Antipope Clement VII, whom they considered illegitimate.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the fate of Queen Elizabeth of Bosnia in January 1387?: Queen Elizabeth of Bosnia was strangled by the henchmen of John Horvat in early January 1387, while Mary was held captive.
  • What was the significance of Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg?: Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg, a member of the imperial Luxembourg dynasty, was arranged before she turned one year old. This union was confirmed by a delegation of Polish prelates and lords in 1379, solidifying her claim to succession.

Cardinal Demetrius, Archbishop of Esztergom, crowned Mary and later supported Jadwiga's claim to the Polish throne.

Answer: True

Cardinal Demetrius, Archbishop of Esztergom, crowned Mary and later supported Jadwiga's claim to the Polish throne.

Related Concepts:

Mary confirmed Tvrtko I of Bosnia's acquisition of Kotor to secure an alliance against Sigismund.

Answer: False

Mary confirmed Tvrtko I of Bosnia's acquisition of Kotor, likely as a diplomatic move acknowledging regional power dynamics, not specifically to secure an alliance against Sigismund.

Related Concepts:

  • Who was Mary's father, and what were his titles?: Mary's father was Louis I of Hungary, also known as Louis the Great. He held the titles of King of Hungary and King of Poland.
  • Who were Mary's paternal grandparents?: Mary's paternal grandparents were Louis I of Hungary and his first wife, Elizabeth of Poland. This connection is noted in her ancestry.
  • What was the context of the Polish succession concerning Mary and her sister Jadwiga?: Following Louis the Great's death, his younger daughter Jadwiga was eventually sent to Poland and crowned queen there in 1384, after Mary's mother absolved Polish noblemen from their oath to Mary. This was a complex arrangement involving dynastic claims and political maneuvering.

The Hungarian clergy's opposition to the French marriage was due to concerns about French military support.

Answer: False

The Hungarian clergy's opposition stemmed from France supporting Antipope Clement VII, whom they considered illegitimate.

Related Concepts:

What action did Sigismund of Luxembourg take in Upper Hungary in 1385?

Answer: He invaded Upper Hungary and arranged his marriage to Mary.

In 1385, Sigismund of Luxembourg invaded Upper Hungary and arranged his marriage to Mary.

Related Concepts:

  • What happened to John Horvat after his capture in July 1394?: John Horvat was captured in July 1394. According to Johannes de Thurocz, Mary persuaded Sigismund to have Horvat dismembered, despite Sigismund's initial willingness to spare him.

What was the significance of the Diet convoked in the spring of 1385?

Answer: It was an attempt to address noble grievances but failed to resolve divisions.

The Diet convoked in spring 1385 was an attempt to address noble grievances but failed to resolve the political divisions.

Related Concepts:

What was the primary reason for the Hungarian clergy's opposition to Mary's proposed marriage to Louis of France?

Answer: France supported Antipope Clement VII, whom the clergy considered illegitimate.

The Hungarian clergy opposed the French marriage because France supported Antipope Clement VII, whom they considered illegitimate.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg?: Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg, a member of the imperial Luxembourg dynasty, was arranged before she turned one year old. This union was confirmed by a delegation of Polish prelates and lords in 1379, solidifying her claim to succession.
  • What was the fate of Queen Elizabeth of Bosnia in January 1387?: Queen Elizabeth of Bosnia was strangled by the henchmen of John Horvat in early January 1387, while Mary was held captive.

What does the term "King of Hungary" signify when applied to Mary?

Answer: She reigned with the full authority and title of a monarch.

The term "King of Hungary" applied to Mary signified she reigned with the full authority and title of a monarch.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of Mary confirming Tvrtko I of Bosnia's acquisition of Kotor?: Mary's confirmation of Tvrtko I of Bosnia's acquisition of Kotor in August 1385 suggests a diplomatic move or acknowledgment of regional power dynamics, possibly to secure alliances or manage territorial claims during a period of internal strife.
  • What was the political situation in Hungary regarding succession after Louis the Great's death?: After Louis the Great's death, his elder daughter Mary was crowned queen. However, the nobility's preference for a male ruler and the claim of Charles III of Naples created significant political instability and opposition to Mary's reign.
  • What was the role of the Holy Crown of Hungary in Mary's coronation?: The Holy Crown of Hungary was used in Mary's coronation ceremony on September 17, 1382. Its use signified the legitimacy and continuity of her claim to the throne.

What was the political implication of Mary's engagement to Louis of France on Hungarian nobility?

Answer: It caused a rift among nobles, some supporting Sigismund.

Mary's engagement to Louis of France caused a rift among Hungarian nobles, with some supporting Sigismund.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg?: Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg, a member of the imperial Luxembourg dynasty, was arranged before she turned one year old. This union was confirmed by a delegation of Polish prelates and lords in 1379, solidifying her claim to succession.
  • What was the context of Mary and her mother's imprisonment in 1386?: After Charles III's murder, Mary was restored to the throne. However, on July 25, 1386, she and her mother were captured by supporters of Charles III's son, Ladislaus of Naples, and imprisoned in Gomnec Castle.

What role did Cardinal Demetrius, Archbishop of Esztergom, play in Mary's reign?

Answer: He crowned Mary as "king" and later supported Jadwiga in Poland.

Cardinal Demetrius, Archbishop of Esztergom, crowned Mary and later supported Jadwiga's claim to the Polish throne.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg?: Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg, a member of the imperial Luxembourg dynasty, was arranged before she turned one year old. This union was confirmed by a delegation of Polish prelates and lords in 1379, solidifying her claim to succession.
  • Describe the events leading to Mary's deposition and subsequent restoration in 1385-1386.: Charles III of Naples invaded Hungary and was crowned king after Mary renounced the throne in December 1385. Following Charles's murder in February 1386, Mary was restored to the throne, with her mother continuing to rule in her name.

What was the significance of Mary confirming Tvrtko I of Bosnia's acquisition of Kotor?

Answer: It was a diplomatic move acknowledging regional power dynamics.

Mary's confirmation of Tvrtko I of Bosnia's acquisition of Kotor was a diplomatic move acknowledging regional power dynamics.

Related Concepts:

  • Who was Mary's father, and what were his titles?: Mary's father was Louis I of Hungary, also known as Louis the Great. He held the titles of King of Hungary and King of Poland.
  • Who were Mary's paternal grandparents?: Mary's paternal grandparents were Louis I of Hungary and his first wife, Elizabeth of Poland. This connection is noted in her ancestry.

What was the political significance of the marriage negotiations with Louis of France versus Sigismund of Luxembourg?

Answer: The French engagement caused a rift among nobles, some favoring Sigismund.

The French engagement caused a rift among nobles, with some favoring Sigismund, due to differing political interests and alliances.

Related Concepts:

  • What does the "Anjou" in Maria of Anjou refer to?: The "Anjou" in Maria of Anjou refers to her family lineage, the Capetian House of Anjou, which was a powerful royal dynasty that ruled in Hungary and other parts of Europe.

What was the justification for the Hungarian clergy's opposition to the French marriage proposal for Mary?

Answer: France supported Antipope Clement VII, whom the Hungarian clergy considered illegitimate.

The Hungarian clergy opposed the French marriage proposal because France supported Antipope Clement VII, whom they considered illegitimate.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Neapolitan threat" that Mary's reign faced in 1384-1385?: The Neapolitan threat referred to the claim and eventual invasion by Charles III of Naples, who was a rival claimant to the Hungarian throne. His consolidation of power in Southern Italy emboldened his supporters in Hungary to challenge Mary's rule.

What was the outcome of Mary's father's death on September 10, 1382?

Answer: Mary was crowned "king" of Hungary shortly thereafter.

Following her father's death on September 10, 1382, Mary was crowned "king" of Hungary shortly thereafter.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the outcome of the meeting between the queens and Charles III of Naples in December 1385?: In December 1385, Mary and her mother received Charles III of Naples ceremoniously before he reached Buda. Mary renounced the throne without resistance in mid-December, fearing for her life, and Charles was subsequently crowned king.

Succession Crisis and Rival Claims (1385-1387)

Hungarian noblemen universally supported Mary's rule due to her lineage.

Answer: False

Many Hungarian noblemen opposed Mary's rule, largely favoring Charles III of Naples due to his male lineage.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the fate of Queen Elizabeth of Bosnia in January 1387?: Queen Elizabeth of Bosnia was strangled by the henchmen of John Horvat in early January 1387, while Mary was held captive.
  • What was the significance of Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg?: Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg, a member of the imperial Luxembourg dynasty, was arranged before she turned one year old. This union was confirmed by a delegation of Polish prelates and lords in 1379, solidifying her claim to succession.
  • What was the significance of Mary confirming Tvrtko I of Bosnia's acquisition of Kotor?: Mary's confirmation of Tvrtko I of Bosnia's acquisition of Kotor in August 1385 suggests a diplomatic move or acknowledgment of regional power dynamics, possibly to secure alliances or manage territorial claims during a period of internal strife.

Charles III of Naples was murdered shortly after being crowned King of Hungary.

Answer: True

Charles III of Naples was crowned King of Hungary on December 31, 1385, and was murdered in February 1386.

Related Concepts:

  • When and where was Mary, Queen of Hungary, born, and who were her parents?: Mary was born in the latter half of 1371. Her parents were Louis the Great, who was King of Hungary and Poland, and his second wife, Elizabeth of Bosnia.
  • How did Mary die, and what was the fate of her child?: Mary died on May 17, 1395, at the age of 23 or 24, in Buda. She fell from her horse while hunting, which induced premature labor. She gave birth to a son who also died shortly after birth, and Mary succumbed to her injuries.
  • Where was Mary, Queen of Hungary, buried?: Mary, Queen of Hungary, was buried in the cathedral of Várad, which is located in present-day Romania. This location was part of the Kingdom of Hungary during her lifetime.

Mary and her mother, Elizabeth of Bosnia, were captured by supporters of Sigismund of Luxembourg in July 1386.

Answer: False

Mary and her mother were captured by supporters of Charles III of Naples, not Sigismund of Luxembourg.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the context of the Polish succession concerning Mary and her sister Jadwiga?: Following Louis the Great's death, his younger daughter Jadwiga was eventually sent to Poland and crowned queen there in 1384, after Mary's mother absolved Polish noblemen from their oath to Mary. This was a complex arrangement involving dynastic claims and political maneuvering.
  • How did Sigismund of Luxembourg become involved in Mary's reign and marriage?: Sigismund of Luxembourg was betrothed to Mary before she was a year old. He later invaded Upper Hungary, prompting Queen Mother Elizabeth to agree to Mary's marriage to Sigismund in October 1385, though he did not immediately assume a governmental role.
  • What was the political situation in Hungary regarding succession after Louis the Great's death?: After Louis the Great's death, his elder daughter Mary was crowned queen. However, the nobility's preference for a male ruler and the claim of Charles III of Naples created significant political instability and opposition to Mary's reign.

Queen Elizabeth of Bosnia was killed in early January 1387 while Mary was still captive.

Answer: True

Elizabeth of Bosnia was strangled by the henchmen of John Horvat in early January 1387, while Mary remained imprisoned.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Neapolitan threat" that Mary's reign faced in 1384-1385?: The Neapolitan threat referred to the claim and eventual invasion by Charles III of Naples, who was a rival claimant to the Hungarian throne. His consolidation of power in Southern Italy emboldened his supporters in Hungary to challenge Mary's rule.
  • What was the context of the Polish succession concerning Mary and her sister Jadwiga?: Following Louis the Great's death, his younger daughter Jadwiga was eventually sent to Poland and crowned queen there in 1384, after Mary's mother absolved Polish noblemen from their oath to Mary. This was a complex arrangement involving dynastic claims and political maneuvering.

The "Neapolitan threat" referred to an invasion by Sigismund of Luxembourg.

Answer: False

The "Neapolitan threat" referred to the claim and invasion by Charles III of Naples.

Related Concepts:

  • What happened to Blaise Forgách and Nicholas Garai in relation to Charles III's murder?: Queen Elizabeth and Nicholas Garai conspired to murder Charles III. Blaise Forgách was persuaded to attack the king, seriously injuring him, which led to Charles's death shortly after.

John Horvat and his brother Paul were key supporters of Mary's claim to the throne.

Answer: False

John and Paul Horvat were leaders of the opposition supporting Charles III of Naples, not Mary's claim.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "treaty" signed in Győr in May 1386?: The treaty signed in Győr in May 1386 acknowledged Sigismund of Luxembourg's position as consort to Mary. It also confirmed Sigismund's mortgage of lands west of the Vág River to his Moravian cousins.
  • What was the significance of the Capetian House of Anjou in relation to Mary?: Mary belonged to the Capetian House of Anjou through her father, Louis I of Hungary. This house was a prominent royal dynasty with significant influence across Europe.

The treaty signed in Győr in May 1386 acknowledged Sigismund as Mary's successor.

Answer: False

The treaty signed in Győr in May 1386 acknowledged Sigismund as Mary's consort, not successor, and involved mortgaging lands.

Related Concepts:

  • Who were Mary's maternal grandparents?: Mary's maternal grandparents were Stephen II, Ban of Bosnia, and Elizabeth of Serbia. This lineage connects her to the Bosnian ruling family.
  • What was the outcome of the negotiations for Mary's marriage to Louis of France?: In May 1385, after a French delegation visited Hungary, Mary became engaged to Louis of France, the younger brother of Charles VI of France. This engagement caused a rift among Hungarian nobles who supported Sigismund.
  • What happened to John Horvat after his capture in July 1394?: John Horvat was captured in July 1394. According to Johannes de Thurocz, Mary persuaded Sigismund to have Horvat dismembered, despite Sigismund's initial willingness to spare him.

The ambush at Gorjani on July 25, 1386, resulted in the capture of Mary and her mother.

Answer: True

The ambush at Gorjani on July 25, 1386, resulted in the capture of Mary and her mother.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the context of the Polish succession concerning Mary and her sister Jadwiga?: Following Louis the Great's death, his younger daughter Jadwiga was eventually sent to Poland and crowned queen there in 1384, after Mary's mother absolved Polish noblemen from their oath to Mary. This was a complex arrangement involving dynastic claims and political maneuvering.
  • What does the "Anjou" in Maria of Anjou refer to?: The "Anjou" in Maria of Anjou refers to her family lineage, the Capetian House of Anjou, which was a powerful royal dynasty that ruled in Hungary and other parts of Europe.
  • What does Mary's royal seal signify?: Mary's royal seal features two sides: one showing a crowned woman sitting on a throne, and the other displaying a coat-of-arms with a double cross. This seal would have been used to authenticate official documents during her reign.

Nicholas Garai and Blaise Forgách were executed after the ambush at Gorjani.

Answer: True

Nicholas Garai and Blaise Forgách were beheaded following the ambush at Gorjani.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the context of the "Electresses of Brandenburg" navbox entry related to Mary?: Mary's inclusion as an Electress of Brandenburg from 1387 to 1388 signifies her connection to the electoral college of the Holy Roman Empire, likely through her marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg, who held significant titles there.

During Mary's captivity, the nobility convoked a Diet using the "seal of the regnicoles" to assert authority.

Answer: True

During Mary's captivity, the nobility convoked a Diet using the "seal of the regnicoles" to assert authority.

Related Concepts:

  • What were the primary sources cited for the information about Mary, Queen of Hungary?: The primary sources cited include The Annals of Jan Długosz. Secondary sources include works by historians such as J.M. Bak, J. Bartl, N. Csukovits, P. Engel, J.V.A. Fine Jr., E. Fűgedi, O. Halecki, B. Magaš, C. Michaud, L. Solymosi, S. Süttő, and B.W. Tuchman.
  • What was the significance of Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg?: Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg, a member of the imperial Luxembourg dynasty, was arranged before she turned one year old. This union was confirmed by a delegation of Polish prelates and lords in 1379, solidifying her claim to succession.

Sigismund of Luxembourg successfully defeated the Horvat rebels when he invaded Slavonia in February 1387.

Answer: False

Sigismund was unsuccessful in defeating the Horvat rebels during his February 1387 invasion of Slavonia.

Related Concepts:

  • What is the historical significance of the Chronica Hungarorum mentioned in relation to Mary?: The Chronica Hungarorum is a historical chronicle that contains a depiction of Mary, Queen of Hungary. Such chronicles are valuable for understanding historical figures and events through contemporary or near-contemporary illustrations.
  • What happened to John Horvat after his capture in July 1394?: John Horvat was captured in July 1394. According to Johannes de Thurocz, Mary persuaded Sigismund to have Horvat dismembered, despite Sigismund's initial willingness to spare him.

The dispute over the Hungarian succession involving Charles III of Naples was primarily due to his superior military strength.

Answer: False

The dispute was primarily due to his claim as the last male descendant of the Capetian House of Anjou.

Related Concepts:

  • When and where was Mary, Queen of Hungary, born, and who were her parents?: Mary was born in the latter half of 1371. Her parents were Louis the Great, who was King of Hungary and Poland, and his second wife, Elizabeth of Bosnia.
  • What does the term "regnal years" refer to in the context of Mary's co-rule with Sigismund?: The term "regnal years" refers to the period during which a monarch officially reigns. In Mary's case, after Sigismund's coronation, her regnal years were counted from his coronation date, indicating a shift in the perceived locus of power.
  • What does the image of Elizabeth and Mary attending Charles' coronation depict?: The image depicts Elizabeth and Mary attending the coronation of Charles II of Hungary, painted by József Molnár around 1880. It illustrates a significant moment where Mary and her mother were present during the coronation of the king who had usurped her throne.

The Hungarian nobility favored Mary's rule over Charles III of Naples due to his foreign origin.

Answer: False

The Hungarian nobility favored Charles III of Naples due to his claim as the last male descendant of the Capetian House of Anjou, not due to Mary's foreign origin.

Related Concepts:

  • When and where was Mary, Queen of Hungary, born, and who were her parents?: Mary was born in the latter half of 1371. Her parents were Louis the Great, who was King of Hungary and Poland, and his second wife, Elizabeth of Bosnia.
  • What does the image of Elizabeth and Mary attending Charles' coronation depict?: The image depicts Elizabeth and Mary attending the coronation of Charles II of Hungary, painted by József Molnár around 1880. It illustrates a significant moment where Mary and her mother were present during the coronation of the king who had usurped her throne.
  • What was the fate of Queen Elizabeth of Bosnia in January 1387?: Queen Elizabeth of Bosnia was strangled by the henchmen of John Horvat in early January 1387, while Mary was held captive.

The image of Elizabeth and Mary attending Charles' coronation depicts a moment of reconciliation.

Answer: False

The image depicts Elizabeth and Mary attending the coronation of Charles III, who had usurped Mary's throne, not a moment of reconciliation.

Related Concepts:

Mary renounced the throne in mid-December 1385 without any coercion.

Answer: False

Mary renounced the throne in mid-December 1385 fearing for her life, indicating coercion.

Related Concepts:

  • What role did Mary's mother, Elizabeth of Bosnia, play in her early reign?: Elizabeth of Bosnia assumed the regency after Louis the Great's death. She acted as Mary's primary advisor and regent, aiming to secure Mary's position as monarch and manage the kingdom's affairs.
  • Who was Mary, Queen of Hungary, and what were her primary regnal titles and periods of rule?: Mary, also known as Maria of Anjou, reigned as King of Hungary and Croatia. Her first reign was from 1382 to 1385, and her second reign was from 1386 until her death in 1395. She was the daughter of Louis the Great, King of Hungary and Poland.
  • What happened to Mary's son, and what was the cause of his death?: Mary's son was born prematurely after she fell from a horse while pregnant. He died shortly after birth due to the circumstances of his premature arrival and the lack of assistance.

Why did many Hungarian noblemen oppose Mary's rule?

Answer: They were against the idea of a female monarch and favored Charles III of Naples.

Many Hungarian noblemen opposed Mary's rule, preferring a male monarch and favoring Charles III of Naples.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg?: Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg, a member of the imperial Luxembourg dynasty, was arranged before she turned one year old. This union was confirmed by a delegation of Polish prelates and lords in 1379, solidifying her claim to succession.
  • What was the fate of Queen Elizabeth of Bosnia in January 1387?: Queen Elizabeth of Bosnia was strangled by the henchmen of John Horvat in early January 1387, while Mary was held captive.
  • What does the term "regnal years" refer to in the context of Mary's co-rule with Sigismund?: The term "regnal years" refers to the period during which a monarch officially reigns. In Mary's case, after Sigismund's coronation, her regnal years were counted from his coronation date, indicating a shift in the perceived locus of power.

Who was crowned King of Hungary after Mary renounced the throne in December 1385?

Answer: Charles III of Naples

Charles III of Naples was crowned King of Hungary after Mary renounced the throne in December 1385.

Related Concepts:

  • What happened to Mary's son, and what was the cause of his death?: Mary's son was born prematurely after she fell from a horse while pregnant. He died shortly after birth due to the circumstances of his premature arrival and the lack of assistance.
  • Where was Mary, Queen of Hungary, buried?: Mary, Queen of Hungary, was buried in the cathedral of Várad, which is located in present-day Romania. This location was part of the Kingdom of Hungary during her lifetime.
  • What was the political situation in Hungary regarding succession after Louis the Great's death?: After Louis the Great's death, his elder daughter Mary was crowned queen. However, the nobility's preference for a male ruler and the claim of Charles III of Naples created significant political instability and opposition to Mary's reign.

What event led to Mary and her mother being captured and imprisoned in July 1386?

Answer: An ambush by supporters of the murdered King Charles III.

An ambush by supporters of the murdered King Charles III led to Mary and her mother being captured and imprisoned in July 1386.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the context of the Polish succession concerning Mary and her sister Jadwiga?: Following Louis the Great's death, his younger daughter Jadwiga was eventually sent to Poland and crowned queen there in 1384, after Mary's mother absolved Polish noblemen from their oath to Mary. This was a complex arrangement involving dynastic claims and political maneuvering.
  • Who was Mary, Queen of Hungary, and what were her primary regnal titles and periods of rule?: Mary, also known as Maria of Anjou, reigned as King of Hungary and Croatia. Her first reign was from 1382 to 1385, and her second reign was from 1386 until her death in 1395. She was the daughter of Louis the Great, King of Hungary and Poland.
  • What role did Mary's mother, Elizabeth of Bosnia, play in her early reign?: Elizabeth of Bosnia assumed the regency after Louis the Great's death. She acted as Mary's primary advisor and regent, aiming to secure Mary's position as monarch and manage the kingdom's affairs.

What was the fate of Queen Elizabeth of Bosnia in January 1387?

Answer: She was strangled by henchmen of John Horvat.

Queen Elizabeth of Bosnia was strangled by the henchmen of John Horvat in January 1387.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "Neapolitan threat" that Mary's reign faced in 1384-1385?: The Neapolitan threat referred to the claim and eventual invasion by Charles III of Naples, who was a rival claimant to the Hungarian throne. His consolidation of power in Southern Italy emboldened his supporters in Hungary to challenge Mary's rule.

What was the political significance of the "Neapolitan threat" during Mary's reign?

Answer: It represented the claim and invasion by Charles III of Naples.

The "Neapolitan threat" represented the claim and invasion by Charles III of Naples, a rival claimant to the Hungarian throne.

Related Concepts:

  • What happened to Blaise Forgách and Nicholas Garai in relation to Charles III's murder?: Queen Elizabeth and Nicholas Garai conspired to murder Charles III. Blaise Forgách was persuaded to attack the king, seriously injuring him, which led to Charles's death shortly after.
  • What role did Mary's mother, Elizabeth of Bosnia, play in her early reign?: Elizabeth of Bosnia assumed the regency after Louis the Great's death. She acted as Mary's primary advisor and regent, aiming to secure Mary's position as monarch and manage the kingdom's affairs.

Who were John and Paul Horvat in the context of Mary's reign?

Answer: Leaders of the rebellion supporting Charles III of Naples.

John and Paul Horvat were leaders of the rebellion supporting Charles III of Naples.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the "treaty" signed in Győr in May 1386?: The treaty signed in Győr in May 1386 acknowledged Sigismund of Luxembourg's position as consort to Mary. It also confirmed Sigismund's mortgage of lands west of the Vág River to his Moravian cousins.
  • What was the significance of the Capetian House of Anjou in relation to Mary?: Mary belonged to the Capetian House of Anjou through her father, Louis I of Hungary. This house was a prominent royal dynasty with significant influence across Europe.

What happened to Nicholas Garai and Blaise Forgách after the ambush at Gorjani?

Answer: They were beheaded following the ambush.

Nicholas Garai and Blaise Forgách were beheaded following the ambush at Gorjani.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the context of the "Electresses of Brandenburg" navbox entry related to Mary?: Mary's inclusion as an Electress of Brandenburg from 1387 to 1388 signifies her connection to the electoral college of the Holy Roman Empire, likely through her marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg, who held significant titles there.

What was the political situation regarding Sigismund's involvement in Hungary in February 1387?

Answer: He was attempting to quell a rebellion in Slavonia but was unsuccessful.

In February 1387, Sigismund was attempting to quell the Horvat rebellion in Slavonia but was unsuccessful.

Related Concepts:

  • What does the term "King of Hungary" signify when applied to Mary?: The term "King of Hungary" applied to Mary signifies that she reigned with the full authority and title of a monarch, rather than as a consort. This was a notable aspect of her rule, as female rulers often held different titles or powers.
  • What happened to John Horvat after his capture in July 1394?: John Horvat was captured in July 1394. According to Johannes de Thurocz, Mary persuaded Sigismund to have Horvat dismembered, despite Sigismund's initial willingness to spare him.
  • What was the relationship between Mary and her sister Jadwiga regarding the Hungarian crown after Mary's death?: After Mary's death in 1395, her sister Jadwiga claimed the Hungarian crown. However, Sigismund successfully retained the crown without significant difficulty.

What was the outcome of the ambush at Gorjani on July 25, 1386?

Answer: Mary and her mother were captured, and their retinue was overwhelmed.

The ambush at Gorjani resulted in the capture of Mary and her mother, as their retinue was overwhelmed.

Related Concepts:

  • What does the "Anjou" in Maria of Anjou refer to?: The "Anjou" in Maria of Anjou refers to her family lineage, the Capetian House of Anjou, which was a powerful royal dynasty that ruled in Hungary and other parts of Europe.

What was the significance of the "seal of the regnicoles" during Mary's captivity?

Answer: It signified the nobility's exercise of authority in the absence of royal rule.

The "seal of the regnicoles" signified the nobility's exercise of authority during Mary's captivity.

Related Concepts:

  • What were the primary sources cited for the information about Mary, Queen of Hungary?: The primary sources cited include The Annals of Jan Długosz. Secondary sources include works by historians such as J.M. Bak, J. Bartl, N. Csukovits, P. Engel, J.V.A. Fine Jr., E. Fűgedi, O. Halecki, B. Magaš, C. Michaud, L. Solymosi, S. Süttő, and B.W. Tuchman.

What was the primary reason for the Hungarian nobility favoring Charles III of Naples over Mary?

Answer: His claim as the last male descendant of the Capetian House of Anjou.

The primary reason the Hungarian nobility favored Charles III of Naples was his claim as the last male descendant of the Capetian House of Anjou.

Related Concepts:

  • When and where was Mary, Queen of Hungary, born, and who were her parents?: Mary was born in the latter half of 1371. Her parents were Louis the Great, who was King of Hungary and Poland, and his second wife, Elizabeth of Bosnia.
  • What does the image of Elizabeth and Mary attending Charles' coronation depict?: The image depicts Elizabeth and Mary attending the coronation of Charles II of Hungary, painted by József Molnár around 1880. It illustrates a significant moment where Mary and her mother were present during the coronation of the king who had usurped her throne.
  • What was the fate of Queen Elizabeth of Bosnia in January 1387?: Queen Elizabeth of Bosnia was strangled by the henchmen of John Horvat in early January 1387, while Mary was held captive.

What was the outcome of the treaty signed in Győr in May 1386?

Answer: It confirmed Sigismund's position as consort and mortgaged lands.

The treaty signed in Győr in May 1386 confirmed Sigismund's position as consort and involved mortgaging lands.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of the succession box in the provided text?: The succession box summarizes Mary's reign, indicating her predecessors and successors for both her first and second reigns as Queen of Hungary and Croatia. It also lists her co-ruler, Sigismund, and her familial house, the Capetian House of Anjou.

What was the justification for Charles III of Naples being considered a lawful heir by some Hungarian noblemen?

Answer: He was the last male descendant of the Capetian House of Anjou.

Charles III of Naples was considered a lawful heir by some Hungarian noblemen because he was the last male descendant of the Capetian House of Anjou.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg?: Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg, a member of the imperial Luxembourg dynasty, was arranged before she turned one year old. This union was confirmed by a delegation of Polish prelates and lords in 1379, solidifying her claim to succession.
  • What was the fate of Queen Elizabeth of Bosnia in January 1387?: Queen Elizabeth of Bosnia was strangled by the henchmen of John Horvat in early January 1387, while Mary was held captive.

What was the outcome of the meeting between Mary, her mother, and Charles III of Naples in December 1385?

Answer: Mary renounced the throne fearing for her life, and Charles was crowned.

Mary renounced the throne fearing for her life, and Charles III was crowned King of Hungary following their meeting in December 1385.

Related Concepts:

  • Why did many Hungarian noblemen oppose Mary's rule, and whom did they favor?: Many Hungarian noblemen opposed Mary's rule because they were against the idea of a female monarch. They largely regarded Charles III of Naples as Louis the Great's legitimate heir, due to his male lineage within the Capetian House of Anjou.
  • What was the role of the Hungarian nobility in the succession of rulers during Mary's era?: The Hungarian nobility played a significant role in determining the succession. They favored Charles III of Naples over Mary, elected Charles III as king, and later acted through the Diet to restore Mary and then crown Sigismund.
  • What happened to John Horvat after his capture in July 1394?: John Horvat was captured in July 1394. According to Johannes de Thurocz, Mary persuaded Sigismund to have Horvat dismembered, despite Sigismund's initial willingness to spare him.

Co-Rule, Later Reign, and Demise (1387-1395)

Sigismund of Luxembourg was Mary's first husband.

Answer: False

Sigismund of Luxembourg was Mary's second husband, married in October 1385.

Related Concepts:

  • What was Mary's influence on the government during her co-rule with Sigismund?: Although Mary was officially Sigismund's co-ruler from 1387 to 1395, her influence on the government was minimal. Royal charters began counting her regnal years from Sigismund's coronation rather than her own ascension.
  • What happened to John Horvat after his capture in July 1394?: John Horvat was captured in July 1394. According to Johannes de Thurocz, Mary persuaded Sigismund to have Horvat dismembered, despite Sigismund's initial willingness to spare him.
  • What happened to Charles III of Naples after he was crowned King of Hungary?: Charles III of Naples was crowned king on December 31, 1385. However, he was murdered in February 1386, reportedly at the instigation of Mary's mother, Elizabeth of Bosnia.

Mary's influence on the government during her co-rule with Sigismund was substantial.

Answer: False

Mary's influence was minimal; royal charters began counting her regnal years from Sigismund's coronation, indicating his dominance.

Related Concepts:

  • What happened to Stephen Lackfi, Ban of Croatia, during Mary's reign?: Stephen Lackfi was initially appointed Ban of Croatia by Mary and her mother. However, he was later dismissed by Queen Elizabeth in May 1385, accused of high treason, indicating shifts in political alliances.
  • What was the outcome of the negotiations for Mary's marriage to Louis of France?: In May 1385, after a French delegation visited Hungary, Mary became engaged to Louis of France, the younger brother of Charles VI of France. This engagement caused a rift among Hungarian nobles who supported Sigismund.
  • What was the relationship between Mary and her sister Catherine?: Mary and Catherine were sisters. Catherine was the elder sister, born in 1370, while Mary was born in 1371. Catherine was initially betrothed to Louis of France but died in late 1378.

Mary died from illness in Buda in 1395.

Answer: False

Mary died from injuries sustained after falling from her horse while hunting, which led to complications during childbirth.

Related Concepts:

  • Who were John and Paul Horvat, and what role did they play in the political events?: John Horvat, Ban of Macsó, and his brother Paul, Bishop of Zagreb, were leading figures of the opposition supporting Charles III of Naples. They formally offered the crown to Charles III and later rebelled against Mary's rule after Charles's death.
  • What was the political situation in Hungary regarding succession after Louis the Great's death?: After Louis the Great's death, his elder daughter Mary was crowned queen. However, the nobility's preference for a male ruler and the claim of Charles III of Naples created significant political instability and opposition to Mary's reign.
  • What was the nature of the dispute over the Hungarian succession involving Charles III of Naples?: The dispute arose because Charles III of Naples was considered the lawful heir by many Hungarian noblemen, as he was the last male descendant of the Capetian House of Anjou, excluding his own son. This contrasted with Mary, who was Louis the Great's daughter but a female ruler.

Mary's infant son survived her and became the next ruler of Hungary.

Answer: False

Mary's infant son died shortly after birth due to complications from his premature arrival.

Related Concepts:

  • Who were John and Paul Horvat, and what role did they play in the political events?: John Horvat, Ban of Macsó, and his brother Paul, Bishop of Zagreb, were leading figures of the opposition supporting Charles III of Naples. They formally offered the crown to Charles III and later rebelled against Mary's rule after Charles's death.
  • What was the political situation in Hungary regarding succession after Louis the Great's death?: After Louis the Great's death, his elder daughter Mary was crowned queen. However, the nobility's preference for a male ruler and the claim of Charles III of Naples created significant political instability and opposition to Mary's reign.
  • What was the nature of the dispute over the Hungarian succession involving Charles III of Naples?: The dispute arose because Charles III of Naples was considered the lawful heir by many Hungarian noblemen, as he was the last male descendant of the Capetian House of Anjou, excluding his own son. This contrasted with Mary, who was Louis the Great's daughter but a female ruler.

Mary, Queen of Hungary, was buried in the cathedral of Várad.

Answer: True

Mary, Queen of Hungary, was buried in the cathedral of Várad.

Related Concepts:

  • How did Sigismund of Luxembourg attempt to assert his influence in Hungary in 1385?: Sigismund of Luxembourg invaded Upper Hungary and occupied Pozsony County. He also persuaded Queen Mother Elizabeth to agree to his marriage to Mary in October 1385, though he did not immediately gain governmental power.
  • What was the political situation in Hungary regarding succession after Louis the Great's death?: After Louis the Great's death, his elder daughter Mary was crowned queen. However, the nobility's preference for a male ruler and the claim of Charles III of Naples created significant political instability and opposition to Mary's reign.
  • What was the significance of Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg?: Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg, a member of the imperial Luxembourg dynasty, was arranged before she turned one year old. This union was confirmed by a delegation of Polish prelates and lords in 1379, solidifying her claim to succession.

Mary was liberated from captivity in Novigrad Castle on June 4, 1387.

Answer: True

Mary was liberated from captivity in Novigrad Castle on June 4, 1387.

Related Concepts:

  • Who were Mary's paternal grandparents?: Mary's paternal grandparents were Louis I of Hungary and his first wife, Elizabeth of Poland. This connection is noted in her ancestry.
  • What was the political situation in Hungary regarding succession after Louis the Great's death?: After Louis the Great's death, his elder daughter Mary was crowned queen. However, the nobility's preference for a male ruler and the claim of Charles III of Naples created significant political instability and opposition to Mary's reign.
  • What was the context of the Polish succession concerning Mary and her sister Jadwiga?: Following Louis the Great's death, his younger daughter Jadwiga was eventually sent to Poland and crowned queen there in 1384, after Mary's mother absolved Polish noblemen from their oath to Mary. This was a complex arrangement involving dynastic claims and political maneuvering.

John Horvat was dismembered on Sigismund's orders after being captured in 1394.

Answer: False

Mary persuaded Sigismund to have John Horvat dismembered after his capture in 1394.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of the Capetian House of Anjou in relation to Mary?: Mary belonged to the Capetian House of Anjou through her father, Louis I of Hungary. This house was a prominent royal dynasty with significant influence across Europe.

Sigismund of Luxembourg was crowned King of Hungary on March 31, 1387, by the Hungarian barons.

Answer: True

Sigismund of Luxembourg was crowned King of Hungary on March 31, 1387, by the Hungarian barons.

Related Concepts:

  • What does the term "King of Hungary" signify when applied to Mary?: The term "King of Hungary" applied to Mary signifies that she reigned with the full authority and title of a monarch, rather than as a consort. This was a notable aspect of her rule, as female rulers often held different titles or powers.
  • What happened to John Horvat after his capture in July 1394?: John Horvat was captured in July 1394. According to Johannes de Thurocz, Mary persuaded Sigismund to have Horvat dismembered, despite Sigismund's initial willingness to spare him.

After Mary's death, her sister Jadwiga claimed the Hungarian crown, but Sigismund easily retained it.

Answer: True

After Mary's death, her sister Jadwiga claimed the Hungarian crown, but Sigismund easily retained it.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the nature of the dispute over the Hungarian succession involving Charles III of Naples?: The dispute arose because Charles III of Naples was considered the lawful heir by many Hungarian noblemen, as he was the last male descendant of the Capetian House of Anjou, excluding his own son. This contrasted with Mary, who was Louis the Great's daughter but a female ruler.
  • What was the outcome of the negotiations for Mary's marriage to Louis of France?: In May 1385, after a French delegation visited Hungary, Mary became engaged to Louis of France, the younger brother of Charles VI of France. This engagement caused a rift among Hungarian nobles who supported Sigismund.

Mary's son died shortly after birth due to complications from his premature arrival.

Answer: True

Mary's son died shortly after birth due to complications from his premature arrival.

Related Concepts:

The term "regnal years" refers to the period of a monarch's life.

Answer: False

The term "regnal years" refers to the period during which a monarch officially reigns.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the relationship between Mary and her sister Catherine?: Mary and Catherine were sisters. Catherine was the elder sister, born in 1370, while Mary was born in 1371. Catherine was initially betrothed to Louis of France but died in late 1378.

What was the significance of Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg?

Answer: It solidified her claim to succession and linked her to the imperial dynasty.

The marriage solidified her claim to succession and linked her to the imperial Luxembourg dynasty.

Related Concepts:

  • Why did many Hungarian noblemen oppose Mary's rule, and whom did they favor?: Many Hungarian noblemen opposed Mary's rule because they were against the idea of a female monarch. They largely regarded Charles III of Naples as Louis the Great's legitimate heir, due to his male lineage within the Capetian House of Anjou.
  • What was Mary's influence on the government during her co-rule with Sigismund?: Although Mary was officially Sigismund's co-ruler from 1387 to 1395, her influence on the government was minimal. Royal charters began counting her regnal years from Sigismund's coronation rather than her own ascension.
  • What happened to Charles III of Naples after he was crowned King of Hungary?: Charles III of Naples was crowned king on December 31, 1385. However, he was murdered in February 1386, reportedly at the instigation of Mary's mother, Elizabeth of Bosnia.

How did Mary die?

Answer: She succumbed to injuries after falling from a horse while hunting.

Mary died from injuries sustained after falling from her horse while hunting, which led to complications during childbirth.

Related Concepts:

  • Who were John and Paul Horvat, and what role did they play in the political events?: John Horvat, Ban of Macsó, and his brother Paul, Bishop of Zagreb, were leading figures of the opposition supporting Charles III of Naples. They formally offered the crown to Charles III and later rebelled against Mary's rule after Charles's death.

When was Mary released from captivity?

Answer: June 4, 1387

Mary was released from captivity on June 4, 1387.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the outcome of the negotiations for Mary's marriage to Louis of France?: In May 1385, after a French delegation visited Hungary, Mary became engaged to Louis of France, the younger brother of Charles VI of France. This engagement caused a rift among Hungarian nobles who supported Sigismund.

What happened to John Horvat after his capture in July 1394?

Answer: Mary persuaded Sigismund to have him dismembered.

Mary persuaded Sigismund to have John Horvat dismembered after his capture in July 1394.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of the Capetian House of Anjou in relation to Mary?: Mary belonged to the Capetian House of Anjou through her father, Louis I of Hungary. This house was a prominent royal dynasty with significant influence across Europe.

What was the fate of Mary's son?

Answer: He died shortly after birth due to premature labor.

Mary's son died shortly after birth due to premature labor.

Related Concepts:

Historical Context and Representations

The Chronica Hungarorum provides a written account of Mary's reign but no visual depictions.

Answer: False

The Chronica Hungarorum is cited as containing a depiction of Mary, Queen of Hungary.

Related Concepts:

  • How did the death of Louis I of Anjou affect the political landscape in Hungary?: Louis I of Anjou's death in September 1384 allowed his rival, Charles III of Naples, to consolidate his rule in Southern Italy. This stabilization of Charles's position in Naples contributed to the formation of a pro-Charles party among Hungarian noblemen who supported his claim to Hungary.
  • What was the role of the Holy Crown of Hungary in Mary's coronation?: The Holy Crown of Hungary was used in Mary's coronation ceremony on September 17, 1382. Its use signified the legitimacy and continuity of her claim to the throne.
  • What was the significance of Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg?: Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg, a member of the imperial Luxembourg dynasty, was arranged before she turned one year old. This union was confirmed by a delegation of Polish prelates and lords in 1379, solidifying her claim to succession.

Mary's royal seal featured a coat-of-arms with a single cross.

Answer: False

Mary's royal seal featured a coat-of-arms with a double cross.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the nature of the conflict involving John of Palisna in 1383?: John of Palisna, Prior of Vrana, led an open rebellion against the rule of Mary and her mother in the spring of 1383. He was eventually forced to flee to Bosnia after the royal army besieged Vrana.

Mary's inclusion as an Electress of Brandenburg signifies her direct rule over Brandenburg.

Answer: False

Her inclusion as an Electress of Brandenburg signifies her connection to the Holy Roman Empire's electoral college, likely through her marriage to Sigismund.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the role of Cardinal Demetrius, Archbishop of Esztergom, in Mary's reign?: Cardinal Demetrius, Archbishop of Esztergom, played a significant role in Mary's early reign. He crowned Mary as "king" of Hungary in 1382 and was one of her mother's main advisors. He later accompanied Jadwiga to Poland and was absent from Mary's court upon his return.
  • What does the phrase "cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty" mean in relation to Mary's house?: The phrase "cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty" means that Mary's family, the House of Anjou, originated from a junior line of the main Capetian dynasty of France. This indicates a shared ancestry and historical connection to a major European royal house.
  • What happened to Stephen Lackfi, Ban of Croatia, during Mary's reign?: Stephen Lackfi was initially appointed Ban of Croatia by Mary and her mother. However, he was later dismissed by Queen Elizabeth in May 1385, accused of high treason, indicating shifts in political alliances.

The primary sources cited for information on Mary include the works of modern historians like J.M. Bak.

Answer: False

J.M. Bak is cited as a secondary source, not a primary source for information on Mary's reign.

Related Concepts:

  • How did Sigismund of Luxembourg become involved in Mary's reign and marriage?: Sigismund of Luxembourg was betrothed to Mary before she was a year old. He later invaded Upper Hungary, prompting Queen Mother Elizabeth to agree to Mary's marriage to Sigismund in October 1385, though he did not immediately assume a governmental role.

The Hungarian Diet played a minor role in legitimizing rulers during Mary's era.

Answer: False

The Hungarian Diet played a crucial role in legitimizing rulers and making governmental decisions during Mary's era.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg?: Mary's marriage to Sigismund of Luxembourg, a member of the imperial Luxembourg dynasty, was arranged before she turned one year old. This union was confirmed by a delegation of Polish prelates and lords in 1379, solidifying her claim to succession.
  • What does the "debate" or "dispute" mentioned in the navbox regarding Hungarian monarchs signify?: The navbox notes that debatable or disputed rulers are listed in italics. This suggests that historical consensus on the legitimacy or duration of certain rulers' reigns might be subject to interpretation or controversy.
  • What were the primary sources cited for the information about Mary, Queen of Hungary?: The primary sources cited include The Annals of Jan Długosz. Secondary sources include works by historians such as J.M. Bak, J. Bartl, N. Csukovits, P. Engel, J.V.A. Fine Jr., E. Fűgedi, O. Halecki, B. Magaš, C. Michaud, L. Solymosi, S. Süttő, and B.W. Tuchman.

The image of the Nádasdy Mausoleum shows a depiction of Queen Mary dating from the 17th century.

Answer: True

The image from the Nádasdy Mausoleum shows a depiction of Queen Mary dating from 1664.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the justification for Charles III of Naples being considered a lawful heir by some Hungarian noblemen?: Charles III of Naples was considered a lawful heir by many Hungarian noblemen because he was the last male descendant of the Capetian House of Anjou, excluding his own son. This contrasted with Mary, who was Louis the Great's daughter but a female ruler.

A papal dispensation was not required for Mary and Sigismund's marriage due to their distant relation.

Answer: False

A papal dispensation was required for Mary and Sigismund's marriage due to their close relation, granted by Pope Gregory XI.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the significance of the succession box in the provided text?: The succession box summarizes Mary's reign, indicating her predecessors and successors for both her first and second reigns as Queen of Hungary and Croatia. It also lists her co-ruler, Sigismund, and her familial house, the Capetian House of Anjou.

The navbox notes that debatable or disputed rulers are listed in bold.

Answer: False

The navbox notes that debatable or disputed rulers are listed in italics.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the outcome of the meeting between the queens and Charles III of Naples in December 1385?: In December 1385, Mary and her mother received Charles III of Naples ceremoniously before he reached Buda. Mary renounced the throne without resistance in mid-December, fearing for her life, and Charles was subsequently crowned king.

What did Mary's royal seal signify?

Answer: Her authority as Queen, featuring a crowned woman and a double-crossed coat-of-arms.

Mary's royal seal signified her authority as Queen, featuring a crowned woman and a coat-of-arms with a double cross.

Related Concepts:

  • What was the nature of the conflict involving John of Palisna in 1383?: John of Palisna, Prior of Vrana, led an open rebellion against the rule of Mary and her mother in the spring of 1383. He was eventually forced to flee to Bosnia after the royal army besieged Vrana.
  • What were the primary sources cited for the information about Mary, Queen of Hungary?: The primary sources cited include The Annals of Jan Długosz. Secondary sources include works by historians such as J.M. Bak, J. Bartl, N. Csukovits, P. Engel, J.V.A. Fine Jr., E. Fűgedi, O. Halecki, B. Magaš, C. Michaud, L. Solymosi, S. Süttő, and B.W. Tuchman.
  • What was the significance of the "seal of the regnicoles" during Mary's captivity?: While Mary and her mother were imprisoned, the barons of Hungary convoked a Diet using the "seal of the regnicoles." This indicates a period where the nobility exercised significant authority in the absence of effective royal rule.

Which historical chronicle is mentioned as containing a depiction of Mary, Queen of Hungary?

Answer: The Chronica Hungarorum

The Chronica Hungarorum is mentioned as containing a depiction of Mary, Queen of Hungary.

Related Concepts:

  • How did the death of Louis I of Anjou affect the political landscape in Hungary?: Louis I of Anjou's death in September 1384 allowed his rival, Charles III of Naples, to consolidate his rule in Southern Italy. This stabilization of Charles's position in Naples contributed to the formation of a pro-Charles party among Hungarian noblemen who supported his claim to Hungary.
  • What was the role of the Holy Crown of Hungary in Mary's coronation?: The Holy Crown of Hungary was used in Mary's coronation ceremony on September 17, 1382. Its use signified the legitimacy and continuity of her claim to the throne.

What was the significance of the papal dispensation for Mary and Sigismund's marriage?

Answer: It was necessary due to their close relation, granted by Pope Gregory XI.

A papal dispensation was necessary for Mary and Sigismund's marriage due to their close relation, granted by Pope Gregory XI.

Related Concepts:

  • Why did many Hungarian noblemen oppose Mary's rule, and whom did they favor?: Many Hungarian noblemen opposed Mary's rule because they were against the idea of a female monarch. They largely regarded Charles III of Naples as Louis the Great's legitimate heir, due to his male lineage within the Capetian House of Anjou.
  • What was the role of the Hungarian nobility in the succession of rulers during Mary's era?: The Hungarian nobility played a significant role in determining the succession. They favored Charles III of Naples over Mary, elected Charles III as king, and later acted through the Diet to restore Mary and then crown Sigismund.
  • What happened to John Horvat after his capture in July 1394?: John Horvat was captured in July 1394. According to Johannes de Thurocz, Mary persuaded Sigismund to have Horvat dismembered, despite Sigismund's initial willingness to spare him.

What does the navbox note regarding debatable or disputed rulers?

Answer: They are listed in italics.

The navbox notes that debatable or disputed rulers are listed in italics.

Related Concepts:

  • Who were Mary's maternal grandparents?: Mary's maternal grandparents were Stephen II, Ban of Bosnia, and Elizabeth of Serbia. This lineage connects her to the Bosnian ruling family.

What was the role of the Hungarian Diet during the turbulent periods of Mary's reign?

Answer: It played a crucial role in legitimizing rulers and making governmental decisions.

The Hungarian Diet played a crucial role in legitimizing rulers and making governmental decisions during Mary's reign.

Related Concepts:

  • Who was Mary's father, and what were his titles?: Mary's father was Louis I of Hungary, also known as Louis the Great. He held the titles of King of Hungary and King of Poland.
  • Who were Mary's paternal grandparents?: Mary's paternal grandparents were Louis I of Hungary and his first wife, Elizabeth of Poland. This connection is noted in her ancestry.

Home | Sitemaps | Contact | Terms | Privacy