Export your learner materials as an interactive game, a webpage, or FAQ style cheatsheet.
Unsaved Work Found!
It looks like you have unsaved work from a previous session. Would you like to restore it?
Total Categories: 6
The name 'Morea' was exclusively used for the Peloponnese peninsula during the ancient Greek and Roman periods.
Answer: False
The historical evidence indicates that the name 'Morea' was applied to the Peloponnese peninsula primarily during the Middle Ages and the early modern period, not during the ancient Greek and Roman eras.
One theory suggests the name 'Morea' originated from the Greek word for 'mulberry tree'.
Answer: True
A prominent scholarly theory posits that the medieval name 'Morea' originated from the Greek word 'morea' (μορέα), meaning mulberry tree, reflecting potential agricultural or economic significance.
The introduction of silkworms to Byzantium from China occurred after the name Morea was already established.
Answer: False
The introduction of silkworms to Byzantium from China occurred in the 6th century CE, predating the widespread use of the name 'Morea' for the Peloponnese, which became prominent later.
The name Morea continued to be used for the Peloponnese during the early modern period.
Answer: True
The name 'Morea' continued to be used for the Peloponnese peninsula throughout the early modern period, encompassing various phases of Venetian and Ottoman administration.
Steven Runciman proposed that Morea's name might relate to its shape resembling a mulberry leaf.
Answer: True
Historian Steven Runciman proposed that the name 'Morea' might derive from the resemblance of the Peloponnese peninsula's shape to that of a mulberry leaf.
The 'shortdescription' identifies Morea as the ancient name for the Peloponnese.
Answer: False
The 'shortdescription' identifies Morea as the *former* name for the Peloponnese peninsula, not specifically its *ancient* name.
The Liddell and Scott Greek-English Lexicon entry for 'morea' confirms its meaning as 'sea'.
Answer: False
The Liddell and Scott Greek-English Lexicon entry for 'morea' (μορέα) confirms its meaning as 'mulberry tree', not 'sea'.
What geographical region was historically known as Morea during the Middle Ages and early modern period?
Answer: The Peloponnese peninsula in southern Greece.
The name 'Morea' was historically applied to the Peloponnese peninsula in southern Greece during the Middle Ages and early modern periods.
How did the introduction of silkworms to Byzantium potentially relate to the name 'Morea'?
Answer: The increased value of mulberry trees (food for silkworms) linked the region to the Greek word for mulberry.
The introduction of silkworms to Byzantium and the subsequent importance of mulberry trees, their food source, is theorized to have influenced the adoption of the name 'Morea', derived from the Greek word for mulberry.
The Principality of Achaea was established by Byzantine Greeks following the Fourth Crusade.
Answer: False
The Principality of Achaea was established by Frankish crusaders following the Fourth Crusade in 1204, not by Byzantine Greeks.
The Byzantine Empire fully reconquered the Morea peninsula after Guillaume II de Villehardouin's defeat in 1259.
Answer: False
While the Byzantine Empire made efforts to reconquer Morea after 1259, their initial attempts were unsuccessful, and full control was not re-established until 1430.
John VI Kantakouzenos established the Despotate of the Morea by reorganizing the province in the mid-14th century.
Answer: True
John VI Kantakouzenos, through administrative reforms in the mid-14th century, established the Despotate of the Morea, consolidating Byzantine authority.
The Byzantine Empire regained full control of Morea by 1430, ending all Frankish presence.
Answer: True
By 1430, the Byzantine Empire had successfully recovered the remaining Frankish territories in Morea, reasserting its dominion over the peninsula.
The Principality of Achaea was a state primarily inhabited by Greeks but ruled by a Latin leader.
Answer: True
The Principality of Achaea, established after the Fourth Crusade, was a feudal state primarily inhabited by Greeks but ruled by a Latin (Western European) leader.
The Despotate of the Morea was an Ottoman administrative division established in the 15th century.
Answer: False
The Despotate of the Morea was a Byzantine province established in the mid-14th century, not an Ottoman administrative division.
Mistra (Mystras) was fortified by Guillaume II de Villehardouin near Sparta in 1249.
Answer: True
Mistra (Mystras) was fortified by Guillaume II de Villehardouin near Sparta in 1249, and it later became a significant center, particularly as the capital of the Byzantine Despotate of the Morea.
The 'Frankish states' were Byzantine territories that resisted Western European influence after 1204.
Answer: False
The 'Frankish states' refer to the territories established by Western European Crusaders (Franks) in former Byzantine lands after 1204, signifying foreign rule, not Byzantine territories resisting Western influence.
Frankokratia refers to the period of Byzantine rule over the Frankish states in Greece.
Answer: False
'Frankokratia' refers to the period of Latin (Western European) rule over former Byzantine territories, not the period of Byzantine rule over Frankish states.
The Byzantine Empire refers to the Western Roman Empire during the period of Frankish rule in Morea.
Answer: False
The Byzantine Empire refers to the Eastern Roman Empire, distinct from the Western Roman Empire. During the Frankish rule in Morea, the Byzantine Empire was actively seeking to regain control.
The title 'despotes' in the Despotate of the Morea was held by sons of the emperor governing the province.
Answer: True
Within the Byzantine administrative structure, the title 'despotes' was often conferred upon sons of the emperor who governed provinces, such as the Despotate of the Morea.
An appanage, in the context of the Despotate of the Morea, was a military rank granted by the Franks.
Answer: False
An appanage, in the context of the Despotate of the Morea, was a territory granted for governance to a ruler's relative, typically a son, not a military rank granted by the Franks.
Antoine Bon's 1969 work focuses on the archaeological aspects of the Frankish Principality of Achaea.
Answer: False
Antoine Bon's 1969 work, 'La Morée franque', is a comprehensive study encompassing historical, topographical, and archaeological aspects of the Frankish Principality of Achaea, not solely archaeological elements.
The Principality of Achaea was formed by which group following the Fourth Crusade?
Answer: Frankish crusaders
The Principality of Achaea was established by Frankish crusaders who occupied the Morea region following the Fourth Crusade in 1204.
Which administrative entity was established in Morea in the mid-14th century under John VI Kantakouzenos?
Answer: The Despotate of the Morea
In the mid-14th century, John VI Kantakouzenos reorganized the province, establishing it as the Despotate of the Morea, typically governed by a son of the emperor.
By what year had the Byzantine Empire recovered the remaining Frankish territories in Morea?
Answer: 1430
The Byzantine Empire successfully recovered the remaining Frankish territories in Morea by 1430, consolidating its control over the peninsula.
The 'Despotate of the Morea' was typically governed by whom?
Answer: Sons of the Byzantine Emperor holding the title 'despotes'.
The Despotate of the Morea was typically governed by Byzantine princes who held the title of 'despotes', usually sons of the reigning emperor.
What does the term 'Frankokratia' refer to?
Answer: The period of Latin (Western European) rule in former Byzantine territories.
'Frankokratia' refers to the historical period following the Fourth Crusade when Western European powers established rule over former Byzantine territories, including Greece.
The Ottoman Empire conquered the entire Morea peninsula, including all coastal cities, by 1460.
Answer: False
While the Ottoman Empire conquered much of Morea by 1460, several key coastal cities, such as Monemvasia and Koron, remained under Venetian control for a period thereafter.
Salmeniko Castle was the final stronghold to fall to the Ottoman forces in Morea in 1461.
Answer: True
Salmeniko Castle represented the final significant stronghold to fall to the Ottoman forces in Morea, with its capture occurring in 1461, marking the conclusion of the conquest.
The Republic of Venice held Morea continuously from the Morean War until the Ottoman recapture in 1714.
Answer: False
The Republic of Venice captured Morea during the Morean War (1684-1699), but this control was temporary, as the Ottomans recaptured the peninsula in 1714.
After 1714, Morea was administered by the Ottomans with its administrative center in Tripolitsa.
Answer: True
Following the Ottoman recapture in 1714, Morea was administered as a province (Eyalet) of the Ottoman Empire, with Tripolitsa serving as its administrative center.
The 'klephts' were Ottoman officials responsible for collecting taxes in Morea during the late 18th century.
Answer: False
The 'klephts' were not Ottoman officials but rather armed bands engaged in guerrilla warfare against Ottoman rule, particularly active in mountainous regions.
The Morea Eyalet was a province under Venetian rule before the Morean War.
Answer: False
The Morea Eyalet was an administrative division of the Ottoman Empire. Venice held parts of Morea during specific periods, notably before and after the Morean War, but the Eyalet designation pertains to Ottoman administration.
The 'Kingdom of the Morea' was a long-standing Byzantine administrative region.
Answer: False
The 'Kingdom of the Morea' was a designation used by the Republic of Venice for its possessions in the Peloponnese, not a long-standing Byzantine administrative region.
The Morean War (1684-1699) resulted in the Ottoman Empire regaining control of Morea from Venice.
Answer: False
The Morean War (1684-1699) resulted in the Republic of Venice capturing Morea from the Ottoman Empire. The Ottomans recaptured it later in 1714.
Dissatisfaction with Ottoman rule in Morea grew significantly in the early 18th century.
Answer: False
Historical accounts suggest that while dissatisfaction with Ottoman rule eventually grew, it became more pronounced in the latter part of the 18th century, rather than the early 18th century.
Monemvasia and Koron were among the last cities to fall under Ottoman control because they remained Venetian until the early 17th century.
Answer: False
Monemvasia and Koron, along with other key port cities, remained under Venetian control for some time after the main Ottoman conquest of Morea in 1460, falling later during subsequent Ottoman campaigns.
The multiple citations for Salmeniko Castle's fall in 1461 emphasize its minor role in the Ottoman conquest.
Answer: False
The multiple citations for the fall of Salmeniko Castle in 1461 emphasize its significance as the final holdout in the Ottoman conquest, rather than suggesting a minor role.
Which of the following coastal cities initially remained under Venetian control after the Ottoman conquest of Morea by 1460?
Answer: Monemvasia and Koron
Following the Ottoman conquest of the Morea by 1460, key coastal cities such as Monemvasia and Koron initially remained under Venetian control.
What was the significance of Salmeniko Castle in the context of the Ottoman conquest?
Answer: It represented the last significant holdout against the Ottoman conquest in 1461.
Salmeniko Castle's capture in 1461 marked the final stage of the Ottoman conquest of Morea, signifying its importance as the last major resistance point.
During which war did the Republic of Venice capture Morea, and who led the campaign?
Answer: The Morean War (1684-1699), led by Francesco Morosini.
During the Morean War, the Republic of Venice, under the command of Francesco Morosini, successfully captured Morea from the Ottoman Empire.
What happened in Morea after the Ottoman recapture in 1714?
Answer: It experienced a period of relative prosperity under Ottoman administration.
After the Ottoman recapture of Morea in 1714, the region was administered by the Ottomans, and this period is characterized as one of relative prosperity, despite later growing dissatisfaction.
Who were the 'klephts' active in Morea during the late 18th century?
Answer: Armed bands waging guerrilla warfare against the Ottomans.
The 'klephts' were groups of armed men who operated in the Morea during the late 18th century, engaging in resistance and guerrilla warfare against Ottoman authority.
Why did the Ottomans manage to recapture Morea in 1714?
Answer: Venetian rule proved unpopular, facilitating the Ottoman recapture.
The unpopularity and perceived weakness of Venetian administration contributed significantly to the Ottoman Empire's successful recapture of Morea in 1714.
The Ottoman recapture of Morea in 1714 was facilitated by:
Answer: The unpopularity of the preceding Venetian rule.
The Ottoman recapture of Morea in 1714 was facilitated by the widespread dissatisfaction with Venetian rule, which made the population less resistant to Ottoman advances.
The Chronicle of the Morea is a 15th-century document detailing Frankish conquests in the Byzantine Empire.
Answer: False
The Chronicle of the Morea is primarily a 14th-century document detailing the establishment of feudalism in Greece by the Franks after the Fourth Crusade, not a 15th-century account of Frankish conquests.
The Greek versions of the Chronicle of the Morea are linguistically significant for showing the transition from Medieval to Modern Greek.
Answer: True
The Greek versions of the Chronicle of the Morea are linguistically significant as they provide crucial evidence for the transition from Medieval Greek to Modern Greek, illustrating the language's evolution.
Scholars widely agree that the original language of the Chronicle of the Morea was French.
Answer: False
While the original language of the Chronicle of the Morea is debated, recent scholarship suggests that the Greek versions, particularly MS Havniensis 57, are closer to the original than a hypothetical French version.
MS Havniensis 57, a manuscript of the Chronicle of the Morea, is housed in Paris.
Answer: False
MS Havniensis 57, a significant manuscript of the Chronicle of the Morea, is housed in Copenhagen, not Paris.
The Greek language versions of the Chronicle of the Morea are important for understanding linguistic shifts from the Byzantine era.
Answer: True
The Greek language versions of the Chronicle of the Morea are invaluable for scholars studying the evolution of the Greek language, as they document the transition from Medieval to Modern Greek.
The 'Chronicle of the Morea' primarily documents events related to:
Answer: The establishment of feudalism in Greece by the Franks after the Fourth Crusade.
The Chronicle of the Morea primarily documents the events surrounding the establishment and development of feudal states in Greece by Western European Crusaders following the Fourth Crusade.
What is a key linguistic significance of the Greek versions of the Chronicle of the Morea?
Answer: They show the transition from Medieval Greek to Modern Greek.
The Greek language versions of the Chronicle of the Morea are of significant linguistic value, illustrating the evolution of the Greek language from its Medieval form to Modern Greek.
Which manuscript of the Chronicle of the Morea is favored by recent scholarship regarding its original language?
Answer: The version found in MS Havniensis 57
Recent scholarly consensus, based on linguistic and manuscript analysis, favors MS Havniensis 57 as being closest to the original language of the Chronicle of the Morea.
The 'Chronicle of the Morea' is considered valuable not only for its narrative but also for:
Answer: Its vivid depiction of feudal life and linguistic evolution of Greek.
Beyond its narrative content, the Chronicle of the Morea is highly valued for its detailed portrayal of feudal society and its linguistic significance in tracing the development of the Greek language.
Guillaume II de Villehardouin successfully defended all his strongholds against the Byzantine Emperor Michael VIII Palaeologus.
Answer: False
Guillaume II de Villehardouin suffered a significant defeat at the Battle of Pelagonia in 1259, leading to the cession of territories, indicating he did not successfully defend all his strongholds.
The Battle of Pelagonia (1259) led to Byzantine gains in Morea, including the cession of strongholds.
Answer: True
The Battle of Pelagonia in 1259 resulted in a Byzantine victory over the Franks, leading to Guillaume II de Villehardouin ceding significant territories in eastern Morea.
Who was Guillaume II de Villehardouin?
Answer: A prominent Prince of Achaea who reigned from 1246 to 1278.
Guillaume II de Villehardouin was a significant ruler of the Principality of Achaea, known for his reign from 1246 to 1278 and his involvement in key military events.
What was the consequence of Guillaume II de Villehardouin's defeat at the Battle of Pelagonia in 1259?
Answer: He ceded significant territories in eastern Morea to the Byzantine Empire.
Guillaume II de Villehardouin's defeat at the Battle of Pelagonia in 1259 compelled him to cede substantial territories in eastern Morea to the Byzantine Emperor Michael VIII Palaeologus as part of his ransom.
What historical event is closely associated with the Battle of Pelagonia in 1259?
Answer: The defeat of Prince Guillaume II de Villehardouin by the Byzantines.
The Battle of Pelagonia in 1259 was a pivotal event that led to the capture and subsequent territorial concessions of Prince Guillaume II de Villehardouin to the Byzantine Empire.
The 'References' section lists all scholarly works related to Morea, regardless of whether they are cited in the text.
Answer: False
The 'References' section typically lists only the specific sources that have been cited within the article's text to substantiate its claims and allow for verification.
The image caption 'Map of the medieval Peloponnese (Morea) with its principal localities' refers to a map from the 21st century.
Answer: False
The caption 'Map of the medieval Peloponnese (Morea) with its principal localities' refers to a map depicting the historical region during the Middle Ages, not a map from the 21st century.
The 'ambox-content ambox-Refimprove' template indicates that the article is fully referenced and requires no further citations.
Answer: False
The 'ambox-content ambox-Refimprove' template signifies that the article requires additional citations from reliable sources to verify its information. It prompts readers and editors to help improve the article by adding references, noting that unsourced material may be subject to challenge or removal.
The 'Z3988' class in citation templates is used to embed metadata for OpenURL framework compatibility.
Answer: True
The 'Z3988' class in citation templates is indeed used to embed metadata compatible with the OpenURL framework, facilitating access to bibliographic information.
Geographic coordinates like 37°36′N 22°12′E are used to define the specific administrative boundaries of Morea under Ottoman rule.
Answer: False
Geographic coordinates pinpoint a location but do not define specific administrative boundaries, which are subject to political and historical changes over time.
What is the function of the 'References' section in the article?
Answer: To list specific sources cited within the article text for verification.
The 'References' section serves the critical academic purpose of listing the precise sources that have been cited within the article to substantiate its claims and allow for verification.