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Moshe Sharett's birth name was Moshe Chertok, and he was born in Kherson, which was then part of the Russian Empire.
Answer: True
Moshe Sharett was born Moshe Chertok in Kherson, which was part of the Russian Empire at the time of his birth.
Sharett's family immigrated to Ottoman Palestine in 1910 and initially settled in Jerusalem.
Answer: False
Sharett's family immigrated to Ottoman Palestine in 1906 and initially settled in the village of Ein-Sinya, not Jerusalem.
Moshe Sharett completed his law studies at Istanbul University before joining the Ottoman Army during World War I.
Answer: False
Moshe Sharett's law studies at Istanbul University were cut short by the outbreak of World War I, after which he joined the Ottoman Army.
Moshe Sharett was proficient in Turkish, English, and Russian, and also had an intermediate understanding of Arabic.
Answer: True
Moshe Sharett was proficient in Turkish, English, and Russian, and also knew German, French, and had an intermediate understanding of Arabic.
Moshe Sharett married Tzippora Meirov in 1922 and they had two children, both sons.
Answer: False
Moshe Sharett and Tzippora Meirov had three children: two sons and one daughter.
After World War I, Sharett became the head of the Jewish Agency's political department in 1931.
Answer: False
Moshe Sharett became the secretary of the Jewish Agency's political department in 1931 and was appointed its head in 1933, following Haim Arlosoroff's assassination.
During World War II, Moshe Sharett founded the Jewish Brigade, which fought alongside the British Army.
Answer: True
Moshe Sharett founded the Jewish Brigade during World War II, which served alongside the British Army.
Moshe Sharett, adopting a practical realist approach, handed Joel Brand over to the British authorities, who then imprisoned him in Egypt.
Answer: True
Moshe Sharett, acting as a practical realist, handed Joel Brand over to the British authorities, leading to Brand's imprisonment in Egypt.
Moshe Sharett was a staunch opponent of fascism and was prepared to cooperate fully with the Mandate authorities, similar to David Ben-Gurion.
Answer: False
Moshe Sharett was a principled Zionist and opponent of fascism, prepared to cooperate with Mandate authorities, but he admired Chaim Weizmann for this stance, not David Ben-Gurion.
Moshe Sharett publicly denounced the Irgun's assassination squads in December 1947, aligning with David Ben-Gurion.
Answer: True
In December 1947, Moshe Sharett, in alignment with David Ben-Gurion, publicly denounced the Irgun's assassination squads.
Moshe Sharett was born Moshe Chertok in Kherson on October 15, 1894. In which modern-day country is Kherson located?
Answer: Ukraine
Kherson, where Moshe Sharett was born, is located in modern-day Ukraine.
In what year did Moshe Sharett's family immigrate to Ottoman Palestine, and where did they initially settle for two years?
Answer: 1906, Ein-Sinya
Moshe Sharett's family immigrated to Ottoman Palestine in 1906 and settled in Ein-Sinya for two years.
Which of the following was NOT part of Moshe Sharett's educational background?
Answer: University of Cambridge
Moshe Sharett attended Herzliya Hebrew High School, Shulamit Conservatory, Istanbul University, and the London School of Economics, but not the University of Cambridge.
How did World War I impact Moshe Sharett's studies and military service?
Answer: His law studies were cut short, and he joined the Ottoman Army as an interpreter.
World War I interrupted Moshe Sharett's law studies, leading him to join the Ottoman Army as an interpreter.
Which set of languages accurately reflects Moshe Sharett's proficiency, including his intermediate understanding?
Answer: Turkish, English, Russian, German, French, and intermediate Arabic
Moshe Sharett was proficient in Turkish, English, and Russian, and also knew German, French, with an intermediate understanding of Arabic.
How many children did Moshe Sharett and Tzippora Meirov have together?
Answer: Three children (two sons, one daughter)
Moshe Sharett and Tzippora Meirov had three children: two sons and one daughter.
What was one of Moshe Sharett's early political activities in Mandatory Palestine after World War I?
Answer: Working as an agent for Arab affairs and land purchases for the Assembly of Representatives of the Yishuv
After World War I, Moshe Sharett worked as an agent for Arab affairs and land purchases for the Assembly of Representatives of the Yishuv.
Moshe Sharett became the head of the Jewish Agency's political department following whose assassination?
Answer: Haim Arlosoroff
Moshe Sharett was appointed head of the Jewish Agency's political department following the assassination of Haim Arlosoroff in 1933.
During World War II, what significant contribution did Moshe Sharett make regarding Jewish refugees?
Answer: He founded the Jewish Brigade, which fought alongside the British Army.
During World War II, Moshe Sharett founded the Jewish Brigade, which fought alongside the British Army, and was involved in aiding Jewish refugees.
What was Moshe Sharett's 'practical realist approach' concerning Hungarian Jewish refugee representative Joel Brand?
Answer: He handed Brand over to the British authorities, who then imprisoned him.
Moshe Sharett, adopting a practical realist approach, handed Joel Brand over to the British authorities, leading to Brand's imprisonment in Egypt.
Moshe Sharett was a principled Zionist and staunch opponent of fascism. Whom did he admire for their willingness to cooperate fully with the Mandate authorities?
Answer: Chaim Weizmann
Moshe Sharett admired Chaim Weizmann for his willingness to cooperate fully with the Mandate authorities.
In December 1947, Moshe Sharett publicly denounced the Irgun's assassination squads alongside which other prominent figure?
Answer: David Ben-Gurion
Moshe Sharett, allied with David Ben-Gurion, publicly denounced the Irgun's assassination squads in December 1947.
Moshe Sharett was the first Prime Minister of Israel and also served as the country's inaugural Foreign Minister.
Answer: False
Moshe Sharett was the second Prime Minister of Israel, succeeding David Ben-Gurion, but he was indeed the country's first Foreign Minister.
As Israel's first Foreign Minister, Sharett's primary achievement was securing a peace treaty with Egypt.
Answer: False
As Foreign Minister, Moshe Sharett's key achievements included establishing diplomatic relations, securing UN admission, and overseeing armistice agreements, but not a peace treaty with Egypt.
Dr. Ralph Bunche, who drafted a UN treaty for Sharett's office, later received the Nobel Peace Prize.
Answer: True
Dr. Ralph Bunche, an American diplomat, drafted a UN treaty for Moshe Sharett's office and was subsequently awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts.
Which of the following governmental roles did Moshe Sharett hold in the nascent State of Israel?
Answer: Second Prime Minister and First Foreign Minister
Moshe Sharett served as Israel's second Prime Minister and its first Foreign Minister.
What was Moshe Sharett's role during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War and the establishment of the State of Israel?
Answer: Minister of Foreign Affairs and a signatory of the Declaration of Independence
Moshe Sharett was a signatory of Israel's Declaration of Independence and served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.
As Israel's first Foreign Minister, which of the following was a key diplomatic achievement for Moshe Sharett?
Answer: Securing Israel's admission to the United Nations and overseeing armistice agreements.
As Israel's first Foreign Minister, Moshe Sharett's key diplomatic achievements included securing Israel's admission to the United Nations and overseeing armistice agreements.
Dr. Ralph Bunche, who drafted a UN treaty for Moshe Sharett's office, was later awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts. What was his nationality?
Answer: American
Dr. Ralph Bunche, who drafted a UN treaty for Moshe Sharett's office and received the Nobel Peace Prize, was an American diplomat.
Moshe Sharett became the second Prime Minister of Israel in 1950, succeeding Chaim Weizmann.
Answer: False
Moshe Sharett became the second Prime Minister of Israel on December 7, 1953, succeeding David Ben-Gurion.
Yitzhak Ben-Zvi served as the President of Israel during Moshe Sharett's tenure as Prime Minister.
Answer: True
Yitzhak Ben-Zvi was the President of Israel during Moshe Sharett's term as Prime Minister.
The 'Lavon Affair' involved Israeli terror cells throwing firebombs into British consulates in Cairo and Alexandria.
Answer: False
The 'Lavon Affair' involved Israeli terror cells throwing firebombs into American libraries and cinemas in Cairo and Alexandria, not British consulates.
The Lavon Affair led to the resignation of Pinhas Lavon as Defense Minister and ultimately the downfall of Sharett's government.
Answer: True
The Lavon Affair resulted in the resignation of Defense Minister Pinhas Lavon and contributed to the eventual downfall of Sharett's government.
The Olshan-Dori judicial report primarily focused on identifying the specific individuals who ordered the Lavon Affair operations.
Answer: False
The Olshan-Dori judicial report primarily exposed the difficulties of political management within the Defense Ministry and cabinet conflicts, rather than identifying specific individuals who ordered the operations.
When did Moshe Sharett become the second Prime Minister of Israel, and who did he succeed?
Answer: December 7, 1953, succeeding David Ben-Gurion
Moshe Sharett became the second Prime Minister of Israel on December 7, 1953, succeeding David Ben-Gurion.
Which significant event intensified the Arab-Israeli conflict during Moshe Sharett's premiership?
Answer: The Lavon Affair
The controversial Lavon Affair marked a period of intensified Arab-Israeli conflict during Moshe Sharett's premiership.
What were the targets of the firebombs thrown by Israeli terror cells during the Lavon Affair in July 1954?
Answer: American libraries and cinemas in Cairo and Alexandria
During the Lavon Affair, Israeli terror cells threw firebombs into American libraries and cinemas in Cairo and Alexandria.
How did the Lavon Affair impact the Israeli government and Moshe Sharett's role?
Answer: It resulted in the resignation of the Defense Minister and Sharett's eventual replacement as Prime Minister by Ben-Gurion.
The Lavon Affair led to the resignation of the Defense Minister and ultimately to David Ben-Gurion replacing Sharett as Prime Minister.
What did the Olshan-Dori judicial report primarily reveal about the Lavon Affair?
Answer: The difficulties of political management within the Defense Ministry and cabinet conflicts.
The Olshan-Dori judicial report on the Lavon Affair highlighted the challenges of political management within the Defense Ministry and related cabinet conflicts.
During Sharett's premiership, Nasser's Egypt prevented Israeli access to the Suez Canal, and arms shipments to Israel dwindled.
Answer: True
During Moshe Sharett's premiership, Nasser's Egypt prevented Israeli access to the Suez Canal, and vital arms shipments to Israel decreased.
Moshe Sharett strongly advocated for a policy of immediate military retaliation, rejecting self-restraint.
Answer: False
Moshe Sharett strongly opposed vengeful killing and advocated for a policy of self-restraint, known as 'Havlagah'.
David Ben-Gurion often justified his policies by citing the 'siege mentality' of the Jewish minority in Israel.
Answer: True
David Ben-Gurion frequently justified his policies by referring to the 'siege mentality' of the Jewish minority in Israel, surrounded by a larger Arab population.
Moshe Sharett viewed Nasser as suffering from 'delusions of grandeur' and harboring 'Hitlerite ambition' to export revolution.
Answer: True
Moshe Sharett perceived Nasser as having 'delusions of grandeur' and an 'almost Hitlerite ambition' to export revolution abroad.
Shimon Peres successfully negotiated a significant arms deal with the United States for Israel during the mid-1950s.
Answer: False
Shimon Peres successfully negotiated a significant arms deal with France for Israel during the mid-1950s, not the United States.
Moshe Sharett resigned as Foreign Minister in June 1956 due to disagreements over economic policy.
Answer: False
Moshe Sharett resigned as Foreign Minister in June 1956 in protest of the new government's bellicose foreign policy.
During his premiership, what challenge did Moshe Sharett face regarding the Suez Canal and arms shipments?
Answer: Nasser prevented access to the Suez Canal, and Israeli arms shipments dwindled.
During Sharett's premiership, Nasser's Egypt blocked Israeli access to the Suez Canal, and arms shipments to Israel decreased.
Which military operation was approved by David Ben-Gurion and Moshe Dayan, contrasting with Sharett's more restrained approach?
Answer: Operation Black Arrow
Operation Black Arrow, approved by David Ben-Gurion and Moshe Dayan, represented a more aggressive military approach compared to Sharett's policy of restraint.
Moshe Sharett's personal diaries reveal his strong opposition to 'vengeful killing' and his advocacy for what policy?
Answer: Havlagah (self-restraint)
Moshe Sharett's diaries indicate his strong opposition to 'vengeful killing' and his advocacy for 'Havlagah,' a policy of self-restraint.
How did David Ben-Gurion often justify his policies during Sharett's later tenure as Foreign Minister?
Answer: By citing the 'siege mentality' of the Jewish minority in Israel.
David Ben-Gurion often justified his policies by referring to the 'siege mentality' of the Jewish minority in Israel.
Moshe Sharett perceived Nasser as suffering from 'delusions of grandeur' and harboring an almost 'Hitlerite ambition' to do what?
Answer: Export revolution abroad.
Moshe Sharett believed Nasser harbored an 'almost Hitlerite ambition' to export revolution abroad.
What was the reason for Moshe Sharett's final resignation as Foreign Minister in June 1956?
Answer: Disagreement over the new government's bellicose policy
Moshe Sharett resigned as Foreign Minister in June 1956 in protest of the new government's bellicose policy.
During his retirement, Moshe Sharett chaired the Am Oved publishing house and Beit Berl College.
Answer: True
In his retirement, Moshe Sharett chaired the Am Oved publishing house and Beit Berl College, among other organizations.
Moshe Sharett died in Tel Aviv in 1965 and was buried in Jerusalem.
Answer: False
Moshe Sharett died in Jerusalem in 1965 but was buried in Tel Aviv's Trumpeldor Cemetery.
Moshe Sharett's personal diaries, first published in 1978, were later found to contain previously omitted passages with 'shocking revelations' about Pinhas Lavon.
Answer: True
Moshe Sharett's personal diaries, initially published in 1978, were later found to contain thousands of omitted passages, including 'shocking revelations' about Defense Minister Pinhas Lavon, published in a more complete edition in 2007.
Moshe Sharett's portrait was featured on the Israeli 50 New shekels bill from 1988 to 2017.
Answer: False
Moshe Sharett's portrait was featured on the Israeli 20 New shekels bill from 1988 to 2017.
A 1916 photograph shows Moshe Sharett as a First Lieutenant in the Ottoman Army alongside other Jewish officers.
Answer: True
A 1916 photograph depicts Moshe Sharett as a First Lieutenant in the Ottoman Army, standing with other Jewish officers.
The 1933 photograph taken at the King David Hotel shows Moshe Sharett meeting with David Ben-Gurion and other Zionist leaders.
Answer: False
The 1933 photograph from the King David Hotel shows Moshe Shertok (Sharett) meeting with Arab leaders, Haim Arlosoroff, Chaim Weizmann, and Yitzhak Ben-Zvi, but not David Ben-Gurion.
The 1946 photograph from the Latrun detention camp documents the arrest of Zionist leaders, including Moshe Sharett, during Operation Agatha.
Answer: True
The 1946 photograph from the Latrun detention camp indeed documents the arrest of several Zionist leaders, including Moshe Sharett, during Operation Agatha.
Which of the following was NOT an activity Moshe Sharett engaged in during his retirement?
Answer: Chairman of the Knesset Foreign Affairs and Defense Committee
During his retirement, Moshe Sharett chaired the Am Oved publishing house, Beit Berl College, and the World Zionist Organization, but not the Knesset Foreign Affairs and Defense Committee.
Where was Moshe Sharett buried after his death in Jerusalem in 1965?
Answer: Trumpeldor Cemetery, Tel Aviv
Moshe Sharett was buried in Tel Aviv's Trumpeldor Cemetery after his death in Jerusalem in 1965.
What significant information was discovered and published in a more complete edition of Moshe Sharett's personal diaries in 2007?
Answer: Previously omitted passages, including 'shocking revelations' about Defense Minister Pinhas Lavon.
A more complete edition of Moshe Sharett's personal diaries, published in 2007, revealed previously omitted passages with 'shocking revelations' about Defense Minister Pinhas Lavon.
On which Israeli banknote did Moshe Sharett's portrait appear from 1988 to 2017?
Answer: 20 New shekels bill
Moshe Sharett's portrait was featured on the Israeli 20 New shekels bill from 1988 to 2017.
The 1933 photograph taken at the King David Hotel in Jerusalem shows Moshe Shertok (Sharett) meeting with Arab leaders. Who else is visible sitting in the center?
Answer: Haim Arlosoroff
The 1933 photograph from the King David Hotel shows Haim Arlosoroff sitting in the center, alongside Moshe Shertok (Sharett), Arab leaders, Chaim Weizmann, and Yitzhak Ben-Zvi.