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Total Categories: 5
The concept of the Nine Worthies, as first described by Jacques de Longuyon, originated in the 15th century.
Answer: False
Jacques de Longuyon's *Voeux du Paon*, which first described the Nine Worthies, was completed in 1312, placing the origin of the concept in the early 14th century, not the 15th.
The Nine Worthies were primarily studied to understand the principles of medieval governance.
Answer: False
The primary purpose of studying the Nine Worthies was to provide models for aspirants to chivalric status, embodying ideals of chivalry and virtue rather than principles of governance.
The selection of the Nine Worthies reflected medieval ideals by choosing figures who personified chivalry and virtue.
Answer: True
The selection of the Nine Worthies reflected medieval ideals by choosing figures who personified chivalry, virtue, and exemplary conduct within their respective traditions, serving as models for study.
Who is credited with first describing the Nine Worthies in the work 'Voeux du Paon'?
Answer: Jacques de Longuyon
Jacques de Longuyon is credited with first describing the Nine Worthies in his work 'Voeux du Paon,' completed in 1312.
What was the primary reason for studying the lives of the Nine Worthies in the Middle Ages?
Answer: To provide a model for aspirants to chivalric status.
The primary purpose of studying the Nine Worthies in the Middle Ages was to offer exemplary models for individuals aspiring to chivalric status, embodying the era's ideals of virtue and conduct.
The Nine Worthies were exclusively historical figures from antiquity.
Answer: False
The traditional list includes legendary figures such as King Arthur, alongside historical figures from antiquity and scripture, thus not exclusively historical figures from antiquity.
The Nine Worthies are traditionally divided into four groups based on their origins.
Answer: False
The Nine Worthies are traditionally divided into three groups, or triads, based on their religious or cultural backgrounds: three pagans, three Jews, and three Christians.
Alexander the Great, Julius Caesar, and Hector are the three Christian figures among the Nine Worthies.
Answer: False
Alexander the Great, Julius Caesar, and Hector are traditionally recognized as the three pagan figures among the Nine Worthies, representing classical antiquity.
King Arthur, Charlemagne, and Godfrey of Bouillon are recognized as the three Jewish figures among the Nine Worthies.
Answer: False
King Arthur, Charlemagne, and Godfrey of Bouillon are traditionally recognized as the three Christian figures among the Nine Worthies, representing prominent Christian rulers and military leaders.
The Italian name 'i Nove Prodi' for the Nine Worthies emphasizes their artistic talents.
Answer: False
The Italian name 'i Nove Prodi,' like the French 'Les Neuf Preux,' emphasizes qualities of soldierly courage and generalship, rather than artistic talents.
Which group of figures represents the three pagan Worthies?
Answer: Hector, Alexander the Great, Julius Caesar
Hector, Alexander the Great, and Julius Caesar are the three figures traditionally identified as the pagan Worthies, representing great leaders from classical antiquity.
The Italian name 'i Nove Prodi' for the Nine Worthies primarily emphasizes which qualities?
Answer: Soldierly courage and generalship
The Italian name 'i Nove Prodi,' similar to the French 'Les Neuf Preux,' emphasizes qualities of soldierly courage and generalship, highlighting the martial virtues exemplified by these heroes.
Which of the following is NOT one of the traditionally recognized Christian Nine Worthies?
Answer: David
David is traditionally recognized as one of the three Jewish Worthies, alongside Joshua and Judas Maccabeus. Charlemagne, Godfrey of Bouillon, and King Arthur are the traditional Christian Worthies.
Which of the following pairs correctly matches a group of Worthies with their category?
Answer: King Arthur, Charlemagne, Godfrey of Bouillon - Christian
King Arthur, Charlemagne, and Godfrey of Bouillon are correctly identified as the three Christian Worthies. Joshua, David, and Judas Maccabeus are the Jewish Worthies, and Hector, Alexander the Great, and Julius Caesar are the pagan Worthies.
Johan Huizinga suggested the Nine Worthies were closely linked to the epic poetry genre.
Answer: False
Johan Huizinga observed that the selection of the Nine Worthies demonstrated a close association with the romance genre of chivalry, not specifically epic poetry.
The earliest known representation of the Nine Worthies is a tapestry series housed at The Cloisters in New York City.
Answer: False
The earliest known representation of the Nine Worthies is the 14th-century carving titled 'Nine Good Heroes' located at the City Hall in Cologne, Germany, predating the tapestry series at The Cloisters.
In Shakespeare's Love's Labour's Lost, the masque features figures exclusively from the traditional Nine Worthies list.
Answer: False
Shakespeare's masque in *Love's Labour's Lost* included figures such as Hercules and Pompey the Great, who are not part of the traditional Nine Worthies, alongside some traditional figures.
Don Quixote claimed his own exploits were less significant than those of the Nine Worthies.
Answer: False
In Cervantes' *Don Quixote*, the protagonist claims that his own achievements surpass those of all the Nine Worthies combined, asserting his own legendary status.
The Schöne Brunnen in Nuremberg features statues representing the Nine Worthies from the 15th century.
Answer: True
The Schöne Brunnen in Nuremberg, erected between 1385 and 1396, features sculptures that represent the Nine Worthies, dating from the late 14th century.
Hans Burgkmair's 1519 woodcuts depicted only the pagan figures among the Nine Worthies.
Answer: False
Hans Burgkmair's 1519 woodcuts depicted not only the three pagan Worthies but also explored variations for Jewish and Christian figures, including female counterparts.
The Cologne City Hall carving is significant because it is the earliest known depiction of the Nine Worthies.
Answer: True
The 14th-century carving titled 'Nine Good Heroes' at the Cologne City Hall is indeed recognized as the earliest known representation of the Nine Worthies.
The sculptures at Montacute House depicted the Nine Worthies in contemporary medieval attire.
Answer: False
The sculptures of the Nine Worthies at Montacute House depicted the figures dressed in Roman armor, symbolizing their classical and martial significance, rather than contemporary medieval attire.
The Ingeram Codex (1459) is notable for containing the earliest known visual representations of the Nine Worthies.
Answer: False
While the Ingeram Codex (1459) contains representations of the Nine Worthies, the earliest known visual representation is the 14th-century carving in Cologne City Hall.
What connection did Johan Huizinga observe regarding the Nine Worthies?
Answer: Their close association with the romance genre of chivalry.
Historian Johan Huizinga noted that the selection of the Nine Worthies reflected a close association with the romance genre of chivalry, as these figures were frequently celebrated in such narratives.
According to the text, what is the earliest known representation of the Nine Worthies?
Answer: A 14th-century carving in Cologne City Hall
The text identifies the 14th-century carving titled 'Nine Good Heroes' at the Cologne City Hall as the earliest known representation of the Nine Worthies.
Which figures, not part of the traditional Nine Worthies, were included in the masque in Shakespeare's *Love's Labour's Lost*?
Answer: Hercules and Pompey the Great
The masque in Shakespeare's *Love's Labour's Lost* included figures such as Hercules and Pompey the Great, who were not part of the traditional Nine Worthies, alongside some traditional figures.
In *Henry IV, Part 2*, how is Falstaff's bravery compared in relation to the Nine Worthies?
Answer: He is stated to be worth ten times better than the Nine Worthies.
In Shakespeare's *Henry IV, Part 2*, Falstaff's bravery is hyperbolically compared, with Doll Tearsheet stating he is 'worth ten times better than the Nine Worthies.'
What claim does Don Quixote make regarding his own achievements compared to the Nine Worthies?
Answer: His achievements surpass those of all the Nine Worthies combined.
In Cervantes' *Don Quixote*, the protagonist asserts that his own achievements surpass those of all the Nine Worthies combined, positioning himself as a figure of unparalleled legendary status.
Which early 15th-century artwork depicting the Nine Worthies is housed at The Cloisters in New York City?
Answer: A tapestry series
The early 15th-century tapestry series depicting five of the Nine Worthies (King Arthur, Joshua, David, Hector, and Julius Caesar) is housed at The Cloisters in New York City.
Hans Burgkmair's 1519 woodcuts are significant for depicting which groups?
Answer: Groups of three Worthies, including explorations of female worthies.
Hans Burgkmair's 1519 woodcuts are significant for depicting groups of three Worthies (pagan, Jewish, Christian) and also for exploring variations and representations of female worthies.
What is the significance of the 'Nine Good Heroes' carving in Cologne City Hall?
Answer: It is the earliest known representation of the Nine Worthies.
The 'Nine Good Heroes' carving in Cologne City Hall, dating from the 14th century, is significant as it represents the earliest known depiction of the Nine Worthies.
Which of the following figures was NOT part of the traditional Nine Worthies list but appeared in Shakespeare's *Love's Labour's Lost* masque?
Answer: Hercules
Hercules was featured in the masque in Shakespeare's *Love's Labour's Lost* but is not part of the traditional Nine Worthies list.
The tapestry series at The Cloisters depicts which combination of Worthies?
Answer: King Arthur, Joshua, David, Hector, and Julius Caesar.
The early 15th-century tapestry series at The Cloisters depicts five of the Nine Worthies: King Arthur, Joshua, David, Hector, and Julius Caesar.
What specific attribute is mentioned for King Arthur in the Cologne City Hall carving?
Answer: Three crowns
In the Cologne City Hall carving, King Arthur is depicted displaying three crowns, an attribute associated with his legendary sovereignty.
In French, the Nine Worthies are known as 'i Nove Prodi'.
Answer: False
The French term for the Nine Worthies is 'Les Neuf Preux,' meaning 'Nine Valiants.' The Italian term is 'i Nove Prodi.'
The concept of female equivalents to the Nine Worthies, known as the 'neuf preuses', emerged due to a desire for balanced representation.
Answer: True
The emergence of the 'neuf preuses' (Nine Worthy Women) is attributed to the medieval 'craving for symmetry,' seeking to create female counterparts to the established male group for balanced representation.
Eustache Deschamps added a tenth worthy, Sir William Walworth, to the traditional list.
Answer: False
Eustache Deschamps is credited with adding Bertrand du Guesclin as a 'tenth worthy,' recognizing his significant contributions to France's recovery after military defeats.
The lists of Nine Worthy Women were consistent across different medieval texts and regions.
Answer: False
The lists of Nine Worthy Women were notably inconsistent, varying significantly across different medieval texts, authors, and regions.
In Hans Burgkmair's woodcuts, Lucretia, Veturia, and Virginia were categorized as Jewish Worthies.
Answer: False
In Hans Burgkmair's woodcuts, Lucretia, Veturia, and Virginia were depicted among the pagan figures, specifically representing Roman heroines, not Jewish Worthies.
Eustache Deschamps is credited with proposing the concept of the Nine Worthy Women.
Answer: True
Eustache Deschamps is credited with expanding upon the concept by proposing female equivalents, the 'neuf preuses,' contributing to the development of the tradition of Worthy Women.
In Hans Burgkmair's woodcuts, Judith and Jael were depicted as symbols of peaceful diplomacy.
Answer: False
Judith and Jael, depicted in Burgkmair's woodcuts, are known for their heroic acts of assassination against enemies of Israel, signifying female agency and potentially violence, rather than peaceful diplomacy.
Thomas Heywood's 1640 work included Æthelflæd and Elizabeth I among the Christian Worthy Women.
Answer: True
Thomas Heywood's 1640 work, 'The Exemplary Lives and memorable Acts of Nine of the Most Worthy Women of the World,' included figures such as Æthelflæd and Elizabeth I among its Christian Worthy Women.
The phrase 'medieval craving for symmetry' explains the addition of Bertrand du Guesclin as a tenth worthy.
Answer: False
The 'medieval craving for symmetry' is cited as the reason for the development of the 'neuf preuses' (Nine Worthy Women). Bertrand du Guesclin was added as a 'tenth worthy' by Eustache Deschamps due to his military significance.
The emergence of the 'Nine Worthy Women' (neuf preuses) is attributed to what medieval tendency?
Answer: A craving for symmetry and parallel structures.
The emergence of the 'neuf preuses' is attributed to the medieval 'craving for symmetry,' a tendency to create parallel structures, which led to the development of female counterparts to the established Nine Worthies.
Who was added as a 'tenth worthy' by Eustache Deschamps, and why?
Answer: Bertrand du Guesclin, for his role in France's recovery after battles.
Eustache Deschamps added Bertrand du Guesclin as a 'tenth worthy' in recognition of his crucial role in helping France recover from significant military defeats, specifically the battles of Crécy and Poitiers.
How did Francis I of France visually associate himself with the concept of the Neuf Preux?
Answer: By occasionally dressing in an antique mode at court.
Francis I of France associated himself with the Neuf Preux by occasionally adopting an antique mode of dress at court, thereby linking his image and reign to these legendary heroes.
Which of the following women was listed among the Jewish Worthy Women in Hans Burgkmair's woodcuts?
Answer: Esther
Hans Burgkmair's woodcuts included Esther among the Jewish Worthy Women, alongside Judith and Jael.
What is suggested by the depiction of Burgkmair's Christian Worthy Women (Helena, Bridget, Elizabeth) looking down?
Answer: They are illustrating the virtue of silence.
The text suggests that the downward gaze of Burgkmair's Christian Worthy Women (Helena, Bridget, Elizabeth) may serve to illustrate the virtue of silence, contrasting with other depictions.
The inclusion of figures like Judith and Jael among the Worthy Women signifies an interest in:
Answer: Female agency and potentially female violence.
The inclusion of figures like Judith and Jael among the Worthy Women signifies an interest in female agency and, notably, female violence, as they are known for decisive, often violent, actions against enemies.
What does the source imply about the lists of the Nine Worthy Women compared to the male Nine Worthies?
Answer: They often varied significantly.
The source implies that the lists of the Nine Worthy Women were not standardized and often varied significantly across different texts and regions, unlike the more fixed canon of the male Nine Worthies.
Richard Johnson's 'Nine Worthies of London' celebrated figures known for their royal lineage.
Answer: False
Richard Johnson's 'Nine Worthies of London' (1592) adapted the concept to celebrate nine prominent Londoners who achieved distinction from humble beginnings, such as apprentices or commoners, rather than those of royal lineage.
The term 'Nine Worthies' was later applied to a group of advisors to King Charles II.
Answer: False
The term 'Nine Worthies' was later applied to nine of William III's privy councillors, not advisors to King Charles II.
Richard Johnson's 1592 book 'Nine Worthies of London' primarily celebrated:
Answer: Nine prominent Londoners who achieved distinction from humble beginnings.
Richard Johnson's 'Nine Worthies of London' adapted the theme to celebrate nine notable Londoners who rose from humble origins, such as apprentices or commoners, to achieve significant distinction.
The term 'Nine Worthies' was later applied in the 17th century to a group associated with which monarch?
Answer: King William III
In the 17th century, the term 'Nine Worthies' was applied to nine of William III's privy councillors, indicating a later adaptation of the concept.
What is the primary theme explored in Richard Johnson's 'Nine Worthies of London'?
Answer: Social mobility and achievement from humble origins.
Richard Johnson's 'Nine Worthies of London' primarily explores the theme of social mobility and achievement, celebrating individuals who rose from humble beginnings to attain renown and honor.