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Total Categories: 8
Ordination is a process that elevates individuals from the laity to the clergy, authorizing them to perform religious rites and ceremonies.
Answer: True
Ordination is defined as the formal process of consecrating individuals, elevating them from the laity to the clergy, and authorizing them to perform religious rites and ceremonies.
An individual preparing for ordination is exclusively referred to as a 'cleric' in all Christian traditions.
Answer: False
An individual preparing for ordination is specifically referred to as an 'ordinand,' not exclusively a 'cleric'.
The specific rituals and instructions for an ordination ceremony are typically found in a book called an Ordinal.
Answer: True
The prescribed liturgy and rituals for an ordination ceremony are typically found in an 'Ordinal,' a book detailing the specific *ordo* for these sacred celebrations.
Becoming a pope or cardinal is an office acquired through a distinct ordination process separate from Holy Orders.
Answer: False
Offices like pope or cardinal are conferred upon already ordained persons for reasons of rank or honor, not through a distinct ordination process separate from Holy Orders.
What is the primary purpose of ordination as defined in the source?
Answer: To consecrate individuals, elevating them from laity to clergy and authorizing them for religious rites.
Which term specifically designates an individual preparing for or undergoing the process of ordination?
Answer: Ordinand
Where would one typically find the prescribed form or ritual for an ordination ceremony?
Answer: An Ordinal
Which of the following is NOT a position or title acquired through ordination?
Answer: Cardinal
In Catholicism and Orthodoxy, ordination is considered one of the five sacraments, also known as *cheirotonia*.
Answer: False
In Catholicism and Orthodoxy, ordination is recognized as one of the *seven* sacraments, not five, and is also known as Holy Orders or *cheirotonia*.
Apostolic succession is a concept essential for ordination in Catholic, Orthodox, and Anglican traditions, tracing clergy lineage back to the Apostles.
Answer: True
Apostolic succession is a foundational concept for ordination in Catholic, Orthodox, and Anglican traditions, as it posits that all ordained clergy derive their authority from bishops whose lineage can be traced back to the Apostles.
The three distinct ordinations within Holy Orders are bishop, cardinal, and deacon.
Answer: False
The three distinct ordinations within Holy Orders are deacon, presbyter, and bishop. Cardinal is an office of rank or honor, not a distinct order of ordination.
In common usage, the term 'priest' typically refers to the order of presbyter, while both bishops and presbyters are considered priests.
Answer: True
In common usage, 'priest' typically refers to the order of presbyter, though both bishops and presbyters are considered priests with authority to celebrate the Eucharist.
The ordination of a bishop traditionally requires only one bishop, while a priest or deacon requires several.
Answer: False
Traditionally, the ordination of a bishop requires several bishops, while a priest or deacon is ordained by a single bishop.
The term 'consecration' is another name specifically for the ordination of a new bishop.
Answer: True
The ordination of a new bishop is also known as a 'consecration,' emphasizing the solemn dedication of an individual to a sacred office.
The Catholic Church teaches that at least three bishops are always required for a valid episcopal consecration.
Answer: False
The Catholic Church teaches that one bishop is sufficient for a *valid* episcopal consecration, though Canon Law typically expects at least three bishops to perform the consecration for unity and proper form.
In the Catholic Church, 'transitional deacons' are those who were married before ordination, while 'permanent deacons' are preparing for the priesthood.
Answer: False
In the Catholic Church, 'transitional deacons' are preparing for the priesthood, while 'permanent deacons' are typically married men ordained to the diaconate who do not intend to become priests.
Pope Leo XIII's 1896 papal bull *Apostolicae Curae* declared Anglican orders 'absolutely null and utterly void.'
Answer: True
Pope Leo XIII's 1896 papal bull *Apostolicae Curae* formally declared Anglican orders 'absolutely null and utterly void' from the Roman Catholic perspective.
The Catholic Church has officially declared the orders in the Evangelical Lutheran Churches of Sweden and Finland to be invalid.
Answer: False
The Catholic Church has never officially expressed its judgment on the validity of orders in the Evangelical Lutheran Churches of Sweden and Finland, though it questions the impact of the 16th-century ecclesiastical break on their apostolicity.
Both the Catholic and Anglican churches recognize Orthodox ordinations.
Answer: True
Both the Catholic and Anglican churches generally recognize Orthodox ordinations, though Eastern Orthodox churches vary in their recognition of Catholic and Anglican orders.
In the Eastern Orthodox Church, multiple persons can be ordained to the same order at a single Divine Liturgy service.
Answer: False
In the Eastern Orthodox Church, only one person may be ordained to each order at any given Divine Liturgy service.
Minor orders in Eastern Orthodox churches are considered part of the sacrament of Holy Orders.
Answer: False
While minor orders involve ordination (*Cheirothesia*), they are not considered part of the sacrament of Holy Orders (*Cheirotonia*) in the Eastern Orthodox tradition.
In Catholicism and Orthodoxy, ordination is recognized as one of the:
Answer: Seven Sacraments
Which of the following traditions considers apostolic succession an essential concept for ordination?
Answer: Catholic, Orthodox, and Anglican traditions
What are the three distinct ordinations within Holy Orders?
Answer: Deacon, Presbyter, Bishop
In common usage, to which order does the term 'priest' typically refer when not further qualified?
Answer: Presbyter
According to tradition, how many bishops are typically required for the ordination of a priest or deacon?
Answer: A single bishop
What is another term specifically used for the ordination of a new bishop?
Answer: Consecration
What is the Catholic Church's teaching on the minimum number of bishops required for a *valid* episcopal consecration?
Answer: One bishop is sufficient for validity.
What did Pope Leo XIII's papal bull *Apostolicae Curae* declare in 1896?
Answer: Anglican orders are 'absolutely null and utterly void.'
What is the Catholic Church's official judgment on the validity of orders in the Evangelical Lutheran Churches of Sweden and Finland?
Answer: The Catholic Church has never officially expressed its judgment.
How do Catholic and Anglican churches generally view Orthodox ordinations?
Answer: They both recognize Orthodox ordinations.
In the Eastern Orthodox Church, what is the rule regarding the number of ordinations at a single service?
Answer: Only one person may be ordained to each order at any given service.
The Diocesan Director of Ordinands (DDO) in the Church of England is responsible for overseeing the selection and training of ordinands.
Answer: True
The Diocesan Director of Ordinands (DDO) in the Church of England is indeed responsible for overseeing the discernment, selection, and training process for ordinands.
Most Protestant churches view ordination as conferring inherent 'powers' or 'ability' to preside at sacraments.
Answer: False
Most mainline Protestant churches view ordination as authorization for church order, not as conferring inherent 'powers' or 'ability' to preside at sacraments.
Most Presbyterian and Reformed churches maintain a threefold order of ministry consisting of pastor, elder, and deacon, with all three considered clergy.
Answer: False
In most Presbyterian and Reformed churches, only the pastor is typically considered 'clergy' within the threefold order of pastor, elder, and deacon; elders and deacons are lay persons ordained to specific ministries.
In many Presbyterian churches, the pastor is considered a 'teaching elder' and holds equal standing with other elders in the governing body.
Answer: True
In Presbyterian churches, the pastor is viewed as a 'teaching elder' and holds equal standing with 'ruling elders' in the congregational governing body (the session).
Deacons are ordained in Lutheran, Methodist, and most Baptist traditions.
Answer: True
Deacons are indeed ordained in Lutheran, Methodist, and most Baptist traditions, reflecting a shared understanding of this ministerial role across various Protestant denominations.
In most Protestant denominations with bishops, the office of bishop is considered a separate ordination or order of ministry.
Answer: False
In most Protestant denominations with bishops, the office of bishop is not considered a separate ordination or order of ministry, but rather an installation into a specific role for an already ordained minister.
In some Pentecostal churches, 'licensed ministers' are addressed as 'Reverend,' while 'ordained ministers' are addressed as 'Minister.'
Answer: False
In some Pentecostal churches, 'licensed ministers' are addressed as 'Minister,' while 'ordained ministers' (who undergo pastoral consecration) are addressed as 'Reverend.'
Unitarian Universalist ordinations are primarily focused on strict doctrinal adherence.
Answer: False
Unitarian Universalist ordinations prioritize an understanding of ethics, spirituality, and humanity, rather than strict doctrinal adherence, reflecting their minimal theological thresholds.
The Unitarian Universalist Association (UUA) Ministerial Fellowship Committee makes the final decision on the ordination of ministers for all UU congregations.
Answer: False
While the UUA Ministerial Fellowship Committee approves candidates for 'ministerial fellowship,' individual UU congregations ultimately make their own decision on the ordination of ministers due to congregational polity.
The Protestant Reformation generally led to a re-evaluation of the ordained priesthood, often favoring a rabbinical-type married minister.
Answer: True
The Protestant Reformation led to a re-evaluation of the ordained priesthood, often favoring a rabbinical-type married minister focused on teaching, rather than a sacrificial priesthood.
In the Church of England, what is the role of the 'Diocesan Director of Ordinands' (DDO)?
Answer: To oversee the process of discernment, selection, and training of ordinands.
How do most Protestant churches generally understand the rite of ordination?
Answer: As a recognition and confirmation of a divine call to ministry and authorization for office.
In most mainline Protestant churches, what is the primary reason individuals must be ordained to preside at sacraments?
Answer: For the purpose of authorization and church order.
Which of the following is considered 'clergy' in the threefold order of ministry maintained by most Presbyterian and Reformed churches?
Answer: Pastor
How do Presbyterian churches often differentiate the pastor from other elders?
Answer: The pastor is a 'teaching elder' with equal standing to other elders in the session.
In which of the following Protestant traditions are deacons also ordained?
Answer: Lutheran, Methodist, and most Baptist traditions
For most Protestant denominations that include the office of bishop, how is this office generally viewed?
Answer: As an ordained minister of the same order as other pastors, installed into a specific role.
In some Pentecostal churches, what is the designation for those who complete a bible college or prescribed courses and are addressed as 'Minister'?
Answer: Licensed ministers
What is a key factor for ordination of ministers in Unitarian Universalism, reflecting its minimal doctrinal thresholds?
Answer: Possessing a Masters of Divinity degree and demonstrating an understanding of ethics, spirituality, and humanity.
Who ultimately makes the decision on the ordination of ministers in Unitarian Universalist congregations?
Answer: Individual UU congregations.
How did the Protestant Reformation generally impact the role of the ordained priesthood?
Answer: It often favored a rabbinical-type married minister focused on teaching.
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints performs ordination to bestow either the Aaronic or Melchizedek priesthood upon worthy male members.
Answer: True
In The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, ordination is performed to bestow either the Aaronic or Melchizedek Priesthood upon worthy male members, granting them specific authority and responsibilities.
In The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, priesthood authority is traced back to Joseph Smith, who was ordained by angelic messengers in 1829.
Answer: True
Priesthood authority in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is traced back to Joseph Smith's ordination by angelic messengers Peter, James, and John in 1829.
Ordination to the Aaronic Priesthood in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints grants authority to bless and anoint the sick with oil.
Answer: False
Authority to bless and anoint the sick with oil is conferred by ordination to the Melchizedek Priesthood, not the Aaronic Priesthood.
The Melchizedek Priesthood includes the authority to perform all duties of the Aaronic Priesthood.
Answer: True
Ordination to the Melchizedek Priesthood includes the authority to perform all the duties of the Aaronic Priesthood, in addition to higher authorities.
The five offices within the Melchizedek Priesthood are Deacon, Teacher, Priest, Elder, and Bishop.
Answer: False
The five offices within the Melchizedek Priesthood are Elder, High Priest, Patriarch, Seventy, and Apostle. Deacon, Teacher, and Priest are offices within the Aaronic Priesthood.
Ordination to the Melchizedek Priesthood is directed by the bishop or branch president in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
Answer: False
Ordination to the Melchizedek Priesthood is directed by the stake or mission president, while Aaronic Priesthood ordinations are directed by the bishop or branch president.
What is the purpose of ordination in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints?
Answer: To bestow either the Aaronic or Melchizedek priesthood upon a worthy male member.
How is priesthood authority traced in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints?
Answer: Through a lineage tracing back to Jesus Christ and his apostles, including Joseph Smith's ordination by angelic messengers.
Which of the following is an authority granted by ordination to the Aaronic Priesthood in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints?
Answer: To baptize converts and children over the age of 8.
What additional authority does ordination to the Melchizedek Priesthood confer, beyond the Aaronic Priesthood duties?
Answer: To perform confirmations and bless the sick with oil.
Which of the following is NOT an office within the Melchizedek Priesthood?
Answer: Teacher
Who directs the ordination process for an office in the Melchizedek Priesthood in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints?
Answer: The stake or mission president.
Jehovah's Witnesses consider an adherent's baptism to be their ordination as a minister.
Answer: True
Jehovah's Witnesses consider an adherent's baptism to constitute their ordination as a minister, reflecting a belief in universal ministry among baptized members.
Jehovah's Witnesses assert ecclesiastical privilege for all baptized members, regardless of their specific appointment.
Answer: False
Jehovah's Witnesses assert ecclesiastical privilege only for their appointed elders, not for all baptized members.
In the Jehovah's Witness religion, only appointed elders are permitted to officiate at a baptism, wedding, or funeral.
Answer: False
In the Jehovah's Witness religion, any baptized adult male in good standing is permitted to officiate at a baptism, wedding, or funeral, provided it is allowed by law.
What do Jehovah's Witnesses consider to be an adherent's ordination as a minister?
Answer: Their baptism.
For which individuals do Jehovah's Witnesses assert ecclesiastical privilege?
Answer: Only their appointed elders.
Within the Jehovah's Witness religion, who is permitted to officiate at a baptism, wedding, or funeral?
Answer: Any baptized adult male in good standing, if allowed by law.
The Jewish term for rabbinical ordination is *semikhah*, meaning 'to lean upon' or 'to be authorized.'
Answer: True
The Jewish term for rabbinical ordination is *semikhah*, which means 'to lean upon' or 'to be authorized,' signifying the formal authorization of Jewish religious leaders.
Before the 20th century, ordained rabbis primarily functioned as pastoral counselors and community leaders.
Answer: False
Before the 20th century, ordained rabbis primarily functioned as decisors of Halakha (Jewish law) and as Torah teachers/scholars, with pastoral duties expanding later.
A rabbi's presence is always necessary for the recital of *Kaddish* in Judaism.
Answer: False
A rabbi's presence is not always necessary for the recital of *Kaddish*; a *minyan* (quorum of ten adult Jewish individuals) is sufficient.
*Semicha lehazzanut* refers to the ordination of a *hazzan* (cantor) in some Jewish religious movements.
Answer: True
*Semicha lehazzanut* refers to the ordination of a *hazzan* (cantor) in some Jewish religious movements, though some traditions use 'investiture' instead to describe the conferral of cantorial authority.
What is the Jewish term for rabbinical ordination?
Answer: Semikhah
Before the 20th century, what was the primary function of ordained rabbis in Jewish communities?
Answer: Decisors of Halakha and Torah teachers/scholars.
Why is a rabbi's presence not always necessary for many Jewish religious purposes, such as the recital of *Kaddish*?
Answer: Because a *minyan* of ten laypeople is sufficient.
The Buddhist monastic community (*sangha*) tradition began with the Buddha establishing orders for monks and nuns.
Answer: True
The tradition of the ordained monastic community (*sangha*) in Buddhism originated with the Buddha, who established orders for both monks and nuns.
The procedure of ordination in Buddhism is primarily detailed in the *Sutra* scriptures.
Answer: False
The procedure of ordination in Buddhism is primarily detailed in the *Vinaya* and *Patimokkha* (or *Pratimoksha*) scriptures, which provide the rules for monastic discipline and ordination rites.
There are currently two intact ordination lineages in Buddhism through which one can receive ordination.
Answer: False
There are currently *three* intact ordination lineages in Buddhism: the Dharmaguptaka, Mulasarvastivadin, and Theravada Lineages.
The first Mahayana ordination platform in Japan was completed in 827 CE at Enryaku-ji on Mount Hiei.
Answer: True
The first Mahayana ordination platform in Japan was completed in 827 CE at Enryaku-ji on Mount Hiei, allowing ordination with Bodhisattva precepts.
*Pabbajja* is the ordination procedure for fully ordained Buddhist monks in the Theravada tradition.
Answer: False
*Pabbajja* is the specific ordination procedure for *novice* Buddhist monks in the Theravada tradition, not fully ordained monks.
Medieval Sōtō Zen developed a tradition of posthumous ordination to allow laypeople access to Zen funeral rites.
Answer: True
Medieval Sōtō Zen developed posthumous ordination to provide laypeople with access to Zen funeral rites, as existing monastic codes only contained monastic funeral rites.
The New Kadampa Tradition's ordination system is recognized as traditional Buddhist ordination by other Buddhist organizations.
Answer: False
The New Kadampa Tradition's ordination system is a newly created system by Kelsang Gyatso and is not recognized as traditional Buddhist ordination by other Buddhist organizations.
What is *Pabbajja* in the Theravada Buddhist tradition?
Answer: The specific ordination procedure for novice Buddhist monks.
Which of the following Buddhist ordination lineages is NOT listed as intact today?
Answer: Sarvastivada Lineage
What was the significance of the Mahayana ordination platform completed at Enryaku-ji in Japan in 827 CE?
Answer: It was the first such platform in Japan, allowing ordination with Bodhisattva precepts.
What was the purpose of 'posthumous ordination' in Medieval Sōtō Zen?
Answer: To provide laypeople with access to Zen funeral rites.
How does the New Kadampa Tradition's ordination system differ from traditional Buddhist ordination?
Answer: It is a newly created system not recognized as traditional Buddhist ordination.
Eastern Orthodox churches have generally maintained their recognition of Anglican ordinations despite the ordination of women in some Anglican provinces.
Answer: False
The contemporary Anglican practice of ordaining women has generally led Eastern Orthodox churches to re-evaluate earlier declarations of validity regarding Anglican ordinations, creating a significant theological divergence.
The tradition of fully ordained nuns (*bhikkhuni/bhiksuni*) remains strong in all Buddhist traditions, including Theravada.
Answer: False
The tradition of fully ordained nuns (*bhikkhuni/bhiksuni*) died out in some Buddhist traditions like Theravada Buddhism, though it remains strong in others like Chinese Buddhism.
Pope John Paul II's *Ordinatio sacerdotalis* definitively stated that the Catholic Church has the power to ordain women.
Answer: False
Pope John Paul II's *Ordinatio sacerdotalis* definitively stated that the Holy Spirit had *not* conferred upon the Catholic Church the power to ordain women.
Most Orthodox Jewish congregations permit female rabbis, reflecting evolving interpretations within the movement.
Answer: False
Most Orthodox Jewish congregations do not permit female rabbis, adhering to traditional interpretations, while more liberal congregations began allowing them by the mid-20th century.
Most Abrahamic religions generally condemn homosexuality, leading to historical restrictions on the ordination of openly LGBT persons.
Answer: True
Most Abrahamic religions generally condemn homosexuality, often citing biblical interpretations, which has historically led to restrictions on the ordination of openly LGBT persons.
Buddhist ordinations of openly LGBT individuals have primarily occurred within traditional Asian Buddhist contexts.
Answer: False
Buddhist ordinations of openly LGBT novitiates have notably occurred within Western Buddhism, indicating a more inclusive approach in some contemporary Buddhist contexts.
How has the contemporary Anglican practice of ordaining women generally impacted Eastern Orthodox views on Anglican ordinations?
Answer: It has led the Orthodox to question earlier declarations of validity.
What is the current status of fully ordained nuns (*bhikkhuni/bhiksuni*) in Theravada Buddhism?
Answer: The tradition died out.
Which Christian denomination is mentioned as having ordained women since 1932?
Answer: The United Church of Canada
What was Pope John Paul II's definitive statement in *Ordinatio sacerdotalis* regarding the ordination of women?
Answer: The Holy Spirit had not conferred upon the Church the power to ordain women.
How does policy concerning the ordination of women differ between Orthodox and more liberal Jewish congregations?
Answer: Most Orthodox do not permit female rabbis, while more liberal congregations began allowing them by the mid-20th century.
Which Christian denomination is noted for endorsing the ordination of openly LGBT persons starting in the late 20th and early 21st centuries?
Answer: The United Church of Christ
Where have Buddhist ordinations of openly LGBT novitiates most notably occurred?
Answer: Western Buddhism.