Export your learner materials as an interactive game, a webpage, or FAQ style cheatsheet.
Unsaved Work Found!
It looks like you have unsaved work from a previous session. Would you like to restore it?
Total Categories: 5
The Principality of Montenegro officially existed from March 13, 1852, to August 28, 1910.
Answer: True
The Principality of Montenegro was formally established on March 13, 1852, and its existence concluded on August 28, 1910, when it was proclaimed a Kingdom.
Cetinje served as the capital city of the Principality of Montenegro throughout its existence.
Answer: True
Cetinje functioned as the capital of the Principality of Montenegro during its entire period of existence.
Danilo I Petrović-Njegoš became the ruler of Montenegro by renouncing his ecclesiastical position and marrying.
Answer: True
Danilo I Petrović-Njegoš transitioned the state from a theocratic Prince-Bishopric to a secular Principality by renouncing his ecclesiastical role and marrying, assuming the title of Prince.
Danilo I's Code, proclaimed in 1855, served as Montenegro's first secular constitution.
Answer: True
Proclaimed in 1855, Danilo I's Code, also known as the 'General Law of the Land,' established Montenegro's first secular constitution, codifying laws and principles for the newly secularized principality.
Danilo's Code of 1855 guaranteed equal freedoms and domestic rights only to Orthodox Christians living in Montenegro.
Answer: False
Danilo's Code of 1855 stipulated that foreigners residing in Montenegro, regardless of their faith, could possess the same freedoms and domestic rights as Montenegrin citizens.
The Petrović-Njegoš dynasty ruled Montenegro during the Principality period, with Nikola I being the last ruler before it became a kingdom.
Answer: True
The Petrović-Njegoš dynasty governed Montenegro throughout the Principality era, with Nikola I serving as the final Prince before its transformation into a Kingdom.
The Principality of Montenegro was preceded by the Kingdom of Montenegro.
Answer: False
The Principality of Montenegro was preceded by the Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro, not a Kingdom.
What was the official name of the Principality of Montenegro in Serbian?
Answer: Knjaževina Crna Gora
The official name of the Principality of Montenegro in Serbian was *Knjaževina Crna Gora*.
From which years did the Principality of Montenegro exist?
Answer: 1852-1910
The Principality of Montenegro officially existed from March 13, 1852, until August 28, 1910.
Which city served as the capital of the Principality of Montenegro?
Answer: Cetinje
Cetinje served as the capital throughout the existence of the Principality of Montenegro.
What event marked the establishment of the Principality of Montenegro on March 13, 1852?
Answer: Danilo I Petrović-Njegoš renounced his ecclesiastical position and married
The establishment of the Principality on March 13, 1852, was marked by Danilo I Petrović-Njegoš renouncing his ecclesiastical role and marrying, thus secularizing the state.
What was the significance of Danilo I's Code proclaimed in 1855?
Answer: It was the first Montenegrin constitution and established a secular principality.
Danilo I's Code of 1855 served as Montenegro's first secular constitution, formalizing the transition from a theocratic rule to a secular principality.
Danilo's Code of 1855 stated that foreigners of different faiths could enjoy the same rights as Montenegrins if they:
Answer: Lived in Montenegro and possessed the same freedoms
Danilo's Code of 1855 stipulated that foreigners residing in Montenegro and possessing the same freedoms would be granted the same domestic rights as Montenegrins.
What historical entity preceded the Principality of Montenegro?
Answer: The Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro
The Principality of Montenegro succeeded the Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro.
The Battle of Grahovac in 1858 resulted in a defeat for Montenegro against the Ottoman Empire.
Answer: False
The Battle of Grahovac in 1858 was a significant victory for Montenegro against the Ottoman Empire, leading to international recognition and territorial expansion.
Nikola I Petrović-Njegoš succeeded Danilo I as ruler following Danilo's assassination.
Answer: True
Following the assassination of Prince Danilo I, his nephew Nikola I Petrović-Njegoš ascended to the throne in 1860.
Nikola I led Montenegro in the Balkan Wars against the Ottoman Empire.
Answer: False
Nikola I led Montenegro in the Montenegrin–Ottoman War (1876–1878), a conflict that resulted in significant territorial gains and was a precursor to later Balkan conflicts.
The Treaty of Berlin (1878) recognized Montenegro's independence and expanded its territory.
Answer: True
The Treaty of Berlin in 1878 confirmed Montenegro's full independence and recognized its territorial gains, which had been initially outlined in the Treaty of San Stefano.
Following the Montenegrin-Ottoman War, Montenegro's territory increased significantly, gaining access to the sea.
Answer: True
The Montenegrin-Ottoman War and subsequent treaties resulted in a substantial territorial expansion for Montenegro, doubling its size and granting it crucial access to the Adriatic Sea.
Prince Nikola I maintained hostile relations with the Ottoman Empire throughout his reign.
Answer: False
Prince Nikola I's reign included periods of conflict with the Ottoman Empire, but also approximately 30 years of amicable diplomatic relations.
The Battle of Grahovac led to the Great Powers demarcating Montenegro's borders.
Answer: True
The victory at the Battle of Grahovac in 1858 was instrumental in prompting the Great Powers to demarcate Montenegro's borders, thereby recognizing its de facto independence.
Which battle in 1858 was a crucial victory for Montenegro that influenced its international recognition?
Answer: Battle of Grahovac
The Battle of Grahovac in 1858 was a decisive Montenegrin victory that significantly influenced the Great Powers' decision to demarcate Montenegro's borders.
Who succeeded Danilo I as the ruler of Montenegro in 1860?
Answer: Nikola I Petrović-Njegoš
Nikola I Petrović-Njegoš succeeded his uncle, Danilo I, as the ruler of Montenegro in 1860 following Danilo's assassination.
What major conflict did Nikola I lead Montenegro into from 1876 to 1878?
Answer: The Montenegrin–Ottoman War
From 1876 to 1878, Nikola I led Montenegro in the Montenegrin–Ottoman War, a conflict that resulted in significant territorial gains.
Which treaties recognized Montenegro's independence and influenced its territorial expansion in 1878?
Answer: Treaty of San Stefano and Treaty of Berlin
The Treaties of San Stefano and Berlin in 1878 formally recognized Montenegro's independence and confirmed its territorial expansion.
What was a significant outcome of the Montenegrin-Ottoman War regarding Montenegro's territory?
Answer: Territory increased from 4,405 km² to 9,475 km², including sea access.
The Montenegrin-Ottoman War led to a substantial territorial increase for Montenegro, nearly doubling its size and granting it access to the sea.
Which of the following was NOT among the territories gained by Montenegro following the Battle of Grahovac?
Answer: Bar
While territories like Grahovo, Nikšić, and Upper Vasojevići were gained after the Battle of Grahovac, Bar was acquired later through the Treaty of Berlin in 1878.
After 1905, the Principality of Montenegro transitioned to a federal republic.
Answer: False
Following the adoption of the 1905 Constitution, the Principality of Montenegro transitioned to a constitutional monarchy, not a federal republic.
In 1905, Montenegro adopted a new constitution, marking a shift towards a constitutional monarchy.
Answer: True
The adoption of a new constitution in 1905 signified Montenegro's transition from an absolute monarchy towards a constitutional monarchy.
The People's Party in Montenegro advocated for strengthening the absolute power of the Prince.
Answer: False
The People's Party in Montenegro generally advocated for democratization and union with Serbia, opposing the strengthening of the Prince's absolute power.
Prince Nikola I supported the immediate implementation of a constitution, believing society was ready.
Answer: False
Prince Nikola I initially expressed reservations about the immediate implementation of a constitution, citing concerns about societal readiness and potential destabilization.
The 1905 Montenegrin Constitution was largely based on the Serbian constitution of 1869.
Answer: True
The 1905 Montenegrin Constitution was drafted with significant influence from the Serbian constitution of 1869, adapted to Montenegrin circumstances.
The 1905 Constitution of Montenegro is also known as the St Nicholas Day constitution.
Answer: True
The Constitution of Montenegro, proclaimed on December 19, 1905, is commonly referred to as the St Nicholas Day Constitution.
The 1905 Constitution contained 15 chapters and 222 articles.
Answer: True
The 1905 Constitution of Montenegro was structured into 15 chapters, comprising a total of 222 articles.
Under the 1905 Constitution, legislative power was solely vested in the Prince.
Answer: False
Under the 1905 Constitution, legislative power was shared between the Prince and the Parliament, establishing a constitutional monarchy.
Any adult citizen, regardless of gender or criminal record, could be elected as an MP under the 1905 Constitution.
Answer: False
The 1905 Constitution stipulated that Members of Parliament must be adult male citizens, not under investigation or convicted of crimes, and excluded active military personnel.
Passive suffrage under the 1905 Constitution required citizens to be over 30 years old and pay at least 15 krones in taxes.
Answer: True
Passive suffrage, or eligibility for election, under the 1905 Constitution required individuals to be over 30 years old and pay a minimum of 15 krones in taxes.
If parliament rejected the budget, the Prince could extend the previous year's budget under the 1905 Constitution.
Answer: True
The 1905 Constitution allowed the Prince to extend the previous year's budget if Parliament failed to approve the new budget.
The State Council, appointed by the prince, acted as the supreme administrative court.
Answer: True
The State Council, appointed by the Prince, served as the supreme administrative court and reviewed government legal initiatives.
The 1905 Constitution was significant for introducing modern liberal tendencies and recognizing human rights in Montenegro.
Answer: True
The 1905 Constitution marked a significant step for Montenegro, introducing modern liberal principles and recognizing fundamental human and citizens' rights.
Prince Nikola I's reservations about the 1905 constitution were primarily due to fears of foreign intervention.
Answer: False
Prince Nikola I's reservations regarding the 1905 constitution were primarily rooted in concerns about reigniting internal clan feuds and destabilizing national unity, rather than foreign intervention.
The 1905 Constitution included provisions for state organization, government type, and state symbols.
Answer: True
The 1905 Constitution comprehensively addressed state organization, the form of government, and state symbols, alongside other fundamental aspects of governance.
What form of government did the Principality of Montenegro officially adopt after 1905?
Answer: Constitutional Monarchy
Following the adoption of the 1905 Constitution, the Principality of Montenegro officially became a constitutional monarchy.
What political development occurred in Montenegro in 1905?
Answer: A new constitution was adopted.
In 1905, Montenegro adopted a new constitution, marking a significant shift towards a constitutional monarchy.
Prince Nikola I's initial reservations about the 1905 constitution were based on fears of:
Answer: Reigniting old clan feuds and destabilizing unity
Prince Nikola I's concerns about the 1905 constitution stemmed from fears that it could exacerbate internal clan divisions and undermine national unity.
Who was tasked with drafting the 1905 Montenegrin Constitution?
Answer: Stevan Ćurčić
Stevan Ćurčić, a journalist from Serbia, was tasked with drafting the 1905 Montenegrin Constitution.
What is the nickname given to the Constitution of the Principality of Montenegro proclaimed on December 19, 1905?
Answer: The St Nicholas Day Constitution
The Constitution of the Principality of Montenegro, proclaimed on December 19, 1905, is known as the St Nicholas Day Constitution.
According to the 1905 Constitution, who shared legislative power in Montenegro?
Answer: The Prince and the Parliament
Legislative power under the 1905 Constitution was shared between the Prince and the Parliament.
Which of the following was NOT among the powers held by the Prince under the 1905 Constitution?
Answer: Appointing judges without parliamentary approval
While the Prince held significant powers, the appointment of judges required parliamentary approval, unlike other executive functions.
What was a requirement for passive suffrage (eligibility for election) under the 1905 Constitution?
Answer: Being over 30 years old and paying at least 15 krones
Passive suffrage required candidates to be over 30 years old and pay a minimum of 15 krones in taxes.
What was the primary role of the State Council as defined by the 1905 Constitution?
Answer: To serve as the supreme administrative court.
The State Council, appointed by the Prince, functioned as the supreme administrative court under the 1905 Constitution.
Which civil right was guaranteed by the 1905 Montenegrin Constitution?
Answer: Freedom of the press
The 1905 Constitution guaranteed several civil rights, including freedom of the press.
The 1905 Constitution contained how many chapters?
Answer: 15
The 1905 Constitution of Montenegro was structured into 15 chapters.
Which of the following was a key area addressed by the 1905 Montenegrin Constitution?
Answer: Human and citizens' rights
The 1905 Montenegrin Constitution addressed several key areas, including human and citizens' rights.
Serbian was the primary language spoken in the Principality of Montenegro.
Answer: True
The predominant language spoken within the Principality of Montenegro was Serbian.
The Serbian Orthodox Church was the only recognized religion in the Principality of Montenegro.
Answer: False
While the Serbian Orthodox Church was the predominant religion, Islam and Roman Catholicism were also recognized minority religions within the Principality of Montenegro.
The territory of the Principality of Montenegro encompassed the entire modern-day Balkan region.
Answer: False
The territory of the Principality of Montenegro corresponded to the central region of modern-day Montenegro, not the entire Balkan region.
Bernard Schwartz estimated Montenegro's population to be around 160,000 in 1882.
Answer: True
According to Bernard Schwartz's estimates in 1882, the population of the Principality of Montenegro was approximately 160,000 inhabitants.
In 1900, the majority of Montenegro's population was Muslim.
Answer: False
In 1900, the majority of Montenegro's population (94%) was Eastern Orthodox; Muslims constituted a minority of approximately 4%.
The 1909 census indicated that Serbian was the mother tongue for 95% of the population.
Answer: True
The 1909 census data revealed that Serbian was spoken as the mother tongue by 95% of Montenegro's population.
The Principality of Montenegro was administratively divided into provinces called *okrug*.
Answer: False
The Principality of Montenegro was administratively divided into ten regions known as *nahija*, not *okrug*.
The Metropolitanate of Cetinje was considered de jure part of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople.
Answer: True
The Metropolitanate of Cetinje, while largely autonomous, was considered de jure part of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople.
Mitrofan Ban served as the Metropolitan of Cetinje from 1884 to 1918.
Answer: True
Mitrofan Ban held the position of Metropolitan of Cetinje from 1884 until his death in 1918.
In the 1909 census, Muslims constituted the largest religious minority in Montenegro.
Answer: False
According to the 1909 census, while Eastern Orthodox Christians formed the vast majority, Muslims constituted the largest religious minority, followed by Roman Catholics.
The literacy rate in Montenegro was reported as 23% in the year 1900.
Answer: True
Demographic data from 1900 indicates that the literacy rate in Montenegro was approximately 23%.
What was the predominant religion in the Principality of Montenegro?
Answer: Serbian Orthodox Church
The Serbian Orthodox Church was the predominant religion in the Principality of Montenegro.
What was Bernard Schwartz's estimated population for the Principality of Montenegro in 1882?
Answer: Approximately 160,000
Bernard Schwartz estimated the population of the Principality of Montenegro in 1882 to be around 160,000.
According to the 1900 demographic statistics, what percentage of Montenegro's population was Eastern Orthodox?
Answer: 94%
Demographic statistics from 1900 indicate that 94% of Montenegro's population adhered to the Eastern Orthodox faith.
What did the 1909 census reveal about the mother tongue spoken in Montenegro?
Answer: Serbian was spoken by 95%
The 1909 census indicated that Serbian was the mother tongue for 95% of the population in Montenegro.
How was the Principality of Montenegro administratively divided?
Answer: Into 10 administrative divisions called *nahija*
The Principality of Montenegro was administratively organized into ten regions known as *nahija*.
Which Metropolitan served as the head of the Church in Cetinje from 1884 to 1918?
Answer: Mitrofan Ban
Mitrofan Ban served as the Metropolitan of Cetinje from 1884 to 1918.
What was the literacy rate in Montenegro in 1900?
Answer: 23%
The literacy rate in Montenegro was reported as 23% in the year 1900.
What was the estimated population of Montenegro according to the 1909 census, although the actual number was likely lower?
Answer: 317,856
The 1909 census recorded an estimated population of 317,856, though the actual figure was likely closer to 220,000.
The Montenegrin perper was adopted as the state currency in 1906, replacing the Austro-Hungarian Krone.
Answer: True
The Montenegrin perper was officially adopted as the state currency in 1906, succeeding the Austro-Hungarian Krone which had been in use from 1892.
Montenegrin war flags were known as the *krstaš-barjak* and typically featured crosses.
Answer: True
Montenegrin war flags, referred to as *krstaš-barjak*, were characterized by the prominent inclusion of crosses.
The national flag of the Principality of Montenegro according to the 1905 constitution was a blue and white bicolour.
Answer: False
The national flag of the Principality of Montenegro, as defined by the 1905 constitution, was a tricolour of red, blue, and white, reflecting the Pan-Slavic Serbian flag.
The Principality of Montenegro was proclaimed a kingdom in 1910, with Nikola I becoming King.
Answer: True
In 1910, the Principality of Montenegro was elevated to a Kingdom, with Nikola I assuming the title of King.
The Principality of Montenegro was succeeded by the Kingdom of Montenegro in 1910.
Answer: True
The Principality of Montenegro was succeeded by the Kingdom of Montenegro upon its proclamation in 1910.
The Battle of Vučji Do in 1876 is mentioned in relation to a specific Montenegrin war flag.
Answer: True
The Battle of Vučji Do in 1876 is historically associated with the use of a specific Montenegrin war flag, the *krstaš-barjak*.
The Austro-Hungarian Krone was the currency used in Montenegro before 1892.
Answer: False
The Austro-Hungarian Krone was used in Montenegro from 1892 to 1906, not prior to 1892.
Which currency was used in the Principality of Montenegro from 1906 onwards?
Answer: Montenegrin Perper
From 1906, the Montenegrin perper was the official state currency, replacing the Austro-Hungarian Krone.
What was the national flag of the Principality of Montenegro, according to the 1905 constitution?
Answer: A red, blue, and white tricolour (Pan-Slavic Serbian)
The 1905 Constitution defined the national flag as a red, blue, and white tricolour, mirroring the Pan-Slavic Serbian flag.
What title did Nikola I assume when the Principality of Montenegro was proclaimed a kingdom in 1910?
Answer: King of Montenegro
Upon the proclamation of the Kingdom of Montenegro in 1910, Nikola I assumed the title of King.