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Routledge is an English multinational publisher primarily focused on scientific and medical research.
Answer: False
Routledge's primary focus is on the humanities, behavioral science, education, law, and social science, not scientific and medical research.
Routledge's main headquarters is located in Philadelphia, USA, serving its global operations.
Answer: False
Routledge's main headquarters is in Milton Park, Oxfordshire, England. While it has an office in Philadelphia, this is not its main headquarters.
Routledge produces both academic books and peer-reviewed academic journals.
Answer: True
The company's output includes both academic books and academic journals, which are typically peer-reviewed.
Routledge publishes approximately 5,000 new journals and 1,800 new books each year.
Answer: False
The numbers are reversed; Routledge publishes approximately 1,800 journals and 5,000 new books annually.
Routledge is recognized as the largest global academic publisher specifically within the humanities and social sciences.
Answer: True
Routledge is claimed to be the largest global academic publisher in the fields of humanities and social sciences.
Routledge's global operations are limited to its UK headquarters and a single office in New Delhi.
Answer: False
Routledge operates from Taylor & Francis offices globally, including locations in Philadelphia, Melbourne, Singapore, and Beijing, in addition to its UK headquarters and New Delhi office.
What is Routledge's primary focus as an academic publisher?
Answer: Humanities, behavioral science, education, law, and social science
Routledge specializes in academic publishing for the fields of humanities, behavioral science, education, law, and social science.
Where is Routledge's main headquarters located?
Answer: Milton Park, Abingdon-on-Thames, Oxfordshire, England, UK
The main headquarters for Routledge is located in Milton Park, Abingdon-on-Thames, Oxfordshire, in the United Kingdom.
Approximately how many new books does Routledge publish annually?
Answer: 5,000
Routledge publishes approximately 5,000 new books each year, along with 1,800 journals.
In which specific academic fields is Routledge claimed to be the largest global publisher?
Answer: Humanities and Social Sciences
Routledge is claimed to be the largest global academic publisher specifically within the humanities and social sciences disciplines.
Which of the following cities is NOT listed as a global location where Routledge operates through Taylor & Francis offices?
Answer: Tokyo
The provided information lists global offices in Philadelphia, Melbourne, New Delhi, Singapore, and Beijing, but not Tokyo.
George Routledge founded the publishing firm in 1836, initially publishing an unsuccessful guidebook.
Answer: True
The firm was founded in 1836 by George Routledge, whose first publication was an unsuccessful guidebook titled *The Beauties of Gilsland*.
In 1848, George Routledge and W. H. Warne successfully entered the market for selling expensive academic texts to university libraries.
Answer: False
In 1848, they entered the market for selling inexpensive works of fiction to rail travelers through their 'Railway Library' series.
The company George Routledge & Co. was officially founded in 1851 with George Routledge and Frederick Warne as partners.
Answer: True
The company was formally established as George Routledge & Co. in 1851, with George Routledge and Frederick Warne as partners.
Routledge's success in selling reprints of *Uncle Tom's Cabin* in 1852 was due to exclusive copyright agreements.
Answer: False
The success was due to the work being in the public domain in the UK, which allowed Routledge to sell reprints without needing an exclusive copyright agreement.
In 1852, Routledge paid Edward Bulwer-Lytton 20,000 pounds for a 10-year lease for sole printing rights to his works.
Answer: True
Routledge paid Edward Bulwer-Lytton 20,000 pounds for a 10-year lease, granting them sole rights to print 35 of his works.
Robert Warne Routledge became a partner in 1865, leading to the company being restyled as George Routledge & Sons.
Answer: False
Robert Warne Routledge became a partner in 1858, when the company was named Routledge, Warne & Routledge. It was George's son, Edmund Routledge, who became a partner in 1865, leading to the name George Routledge & Sons.
Frederick Warne left the company after the death of his brother W. H. Warne in May 1859 and founded Frederick Warne & Co. in 1865.
Answer: True
Following the death of his brother W. H. Warne, Frederick Warne left the partnership and later established his own firm, Frederick Warne & Co., in 1865.
By 1899, Routledge was thriving financially and did not require any restructuring.
Answer: False
By 1899, the company was close to bankruptcy and required a successful restructuring in 1902 to recover.
Who founded Routledge and in what year?
Answer: George Routledge in 1836
The publishing firm was founded in 1836 by George Routledge.
What was the title of George Routledge's initial, unsuccessful publication in 1836?
Answer: *The Beauties of Gilsland*
George Routledge's first publication in 1836 was an unsuccessful guidebook titled *The Beauties of Gilsland*.
In 1848, George Routledge and W. H. Warne entered the market for inexpensive fiction for rail travelers with what popular series?
Answer: 'Railway Library'
They capitalized on the growing rail travel market by launching the 'Railway Library,' a series of inexpensive fiction imprints.
In what year was the company George Routledge & Co. officially founded?
Answer: 1851
The company was officially founded as George Routledge & Co. in 1851 with Frederick Warne as a partner.
The lucrative business from selling reprints of *Uncle Tom's Cabin* in 1852 allowed Routledge to make what significant financial move?
Answer: Pay author Edward Bulwer-Lytton a substantial sum for his works.
The profits from selling reprints of the public domain work *Uncle Tom's Cabin* enabled Routledge to pay Edward Bulwer-Lytton for the sole rights to print his works.
What was the key detail of the agreement Routledge made with Edward Bulwer-Lytton in 1852?
Answer: They paid him 20,000 pounds for a 10-year lease for sole rights to print 35 of his works.
The agreement involved a payment of 20,000 pounds for a 10-year lease that granted Routledge sole rights to print 35 of Edward Bulwer-Lytton's works.
When was the company restyled as Routledge, Warne & Routledge, and who became a partner at that time?
Answer: 1858, Robert Warne Routledge
In 1858, George Routledge's son, Robert Warne Routledge, became a partner, and the company was renamed Routledge, Warne & Routledge.
Frederick Warne left Routledge and founded Frederick Warne & Co. in 1865 for what reason?
Answer: He left after the death of his brother W. H. Warne.
Frederick Warne left the partnership following the death of his brother, W. H. Warne, in 1859, and subsequently founded his own company in 1865.
What was the financial state of Routledge by 1899, and how was it resolved?
Answer: It was close to bankruptcy but recovered after a successful restructuring in 1902.
By 1899, the company was near bankruptcy but was saved by a successful restructuring effort that concluded in 1902.
In the early 20th century, Routledge acquired J. C. Nimmo Ltd. and took over the management of Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co.
Answer: True
In 1903, Routledge acquired J. C. Nimmo Ltd., and in 1912, it took over management of Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co.
The early 20th-century acquisitions shifted Routledge's focus primarily towards general fiction and popular magazines.
Answer: False
These acquisitions brought notable scholarly titles, leading the company to concentrate increasingly on academic and scholarly publishing.
George Routledge and Sons merged with Kegan Paul Trench Trubner in 1947, forming Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Answer: True
In 1947, the two firms merged to form a new company named Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Routledge & Kegan Paul became particularly known for its titles in philosophy, psychology, and the social sciences, advised by figures like C. K. Ogden.
Answer: True
With advisers like C. K. Ogden and Karl Mannheim, Routledge & Kegan Paul became well-known for its publications in philosophy, psychology, and the social sciences.
Which pair of publishing companies did Routledge acquire or take over management of in the early 20th century?
Answer: J. C. Nimmo Ltd. and Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co.
In the early 20th century, Routledge acquired J. C. Nimmo Ltd. (1903) and took over the management of Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co. (1912).
The early 20th-century acquisitions primarily led Routledge to focus more on what type of publishing?
Answer: Academic and scholarly publishing
These acquisitions brought in notable scholarly titles, causing the company to become increasingly concentrated in academic and scholarly publishing.
In what year did George Routledge and Sons merge with Kegan Paul Trench Trubner, and what was the resulting company name?
Answer: 1947, Routledge & Kegan Paul
The two companies formally merged in 1947, creating the new entity named Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Routledge & Kegan Paul became particularly known for its titles in which fields, with C. K. Ogden as an adviser?
Answer: Philosophy, psychology, and the social sciences
With advisers like C. K. Ogden and Karl Mannheim, the company became well-regarded for its publications in philosophy, psychology, and the social sciences.
Routledge operates as an independent company, having never been part of a larger publishing group.
Answer: False
Routledge is currently a subdivision and imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, which is part of the larger corporate entity Informa plc.
Routledge became a subdivision of Taylor & Francis Group in 2004 as part of a 25-million-pound acquisition.
Answer: False
The acquisition by Taylor & Francis Group occurred in 1998 for 90 million pounds. The 25-million-pound figure relates to its purchase by Cinven two years prior.
Before its 1998 acquisition by Taylor & Francis, Routledge was owned by International Thomson.
Answer: False
Immediately before the 1998 acquisition, Routledge was owned by the venture capital group Cinven, which had purchased it in 1996.
Following the 2004 merger of Informa and Taylor & Francis, Routledge became a distinct publishing unit under the larger Informa umbrella.
Answer: True
After the 2004 merger, Routledge became a publishing unit and major imprint within Informa's academic publishing division.
In 1987, Routledge & Kegan Paul joined International Thomson directly.
Answer: False
Routledge & Kegan Paul first joined Associated Book Publishers (ABP) in 1985, and ABP was subsequently acquired by International Thomson in 1987.
Under International Thomson's ownership, Routledge's name was changed, and its operations were significantly reduced.
Answer: False
Under International Thomson, Routledge's name and operations were retained, and its portfolio was expanded with the addition of several other publishers' backlists.
Routledge became an independent company again in 1996 through a management buyout financed by Cinven.
Answer: True
In 1996, Routledge became independent via a management buyout financed by the private equity firm Cinven.
Cinven acquired the journal publisher Carfax and book publisher Spon in 1997, expanding its portfolio alongside Routledge.
Answer: True
In 1997, Cinven, which already owned Routledge, acquired the journals publisher Carfax and the book publisher Spon.
Routledge's growth since joining Informa has been exclusively through organic growth, without any acquisitions.
Answer: False
Routledge's growth has been a result of both organic growth (increasing output and sales) and acquisitions of other publishing companies by its parent company.
All titles acquired by Taylor & Francis from other publishers are rebranded under the Routledge imprint, regardless of subject.
Answer: False
Only the humanities and social sciences titles acquired by Taylor & Francis are rebranded under the Routledge imprint.
Routledge is currently a subdivision and imprint of which larger corporate entity?
Answer: Informa plc
Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, which is part of the larger multinational company Informa plc.
What was the financial value of the 1998 acquisition that made Routledge a subdivision of Taylor & Francis Group?
Answer: 90 million pounds
In 1998, Taylor & Francis Group acquired Routledge in a deal valued at 90 million pounds.
Who owned Routledge immediately before its acquisition by Taylor & Francis in 1998?
Answer: Cinven
Routledge was owned by the venture capital group Cinven, which had financed a management buyout in 1996, before being sold to Taylor & Francis in 1998.
Following the merger of Informa and Taylor & Francis in 2004, what became of Routledge's organizational status?
Answer: It became a publishing unit and major imprint within Informa's academic publishing division.
After the 2004 merger, Routledge continued as a publishing unit and major imprint under the umbrella of Informa's academic publishing division.
What corporate changes occurred for Routledge & Kegan Paul between 1985 and 1987?
Answer: It joined Associated Book Publishers (ABP), which was then acquired by International Thomson.
In 1985, Routledge & Kegan Paul joined Associated Book Publishers (ABP), which was subsequently acquired by International Thomson in 1987.
Which of the following backlists were added to Routledge under International Thomson's ownership?
Answer: Methuen, Tavistock Publications, Croom Helm, and Unwin Hyman
While under International Thomson's ownership, Routledge's portfolio was expanded with the backlists of Methuen, Tavistock Publications, Croom Helm, and Unwin Hyman.
How did Routledge become an independent company again in 1996?
Answer: Through a management buyout financed by the European private equity firm Cinven.
In 1996, Routledge's management team purchased the company's assets and operations in a management buyout financed by the private equity firm Cinven.
What acquisitions did Cinven make in 1997 that were related to Routledge's portfolio?
Answer: Carfax (journals publisher) and Spon (book publisher)
In 1997, Cinven, which owned Routledge at the time, acquired the journals publisher Carfax and the book publisher Spon.
How has Routledge continued to grow since becoming part of Informa's academic publishing division?
Answer: As a result of organic growth and acquisitions of other publishing companies and titles by its parent company.
Routledge's growth has been driven by a combination of organic growth (increased output and sales) and acquisitions made by its parent company, Informa.
What happens to humanities and social sciences titles acquired by Taylor & Francis from other publishers?
Answer: They are rebranded under the Routledge imprint.
Titles in the humanities and social sciences that are acquired by Taylor & Francis from other publishers are subsequently rebranded with the Routledge imprint.
William Germano served as a commissioning editor for Routledge in the 1990s.
Answer: False
William Germano served as vice-president and publishing director. Nina Stibbe was a commissioning editor in the 1990s.
The *Routledge Classics* and *Routledge Great Minds* series are dedicated to publishing newly commissioned works by emerging scholars.
Answer: False
These series feature republished works of prominent and notable authors from the past, not newly commissioned works.
Taylor and Francis closed down the Routledge print encyclopaedia division in 2006.
Answer: True
The print encyclopaedia division was closed in 2006, reflecting a broader industry shift towards digital reference materials.
The *Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy* was initially published as an online-only resource.
Answer: False
It was first published in 1998 as a 10-volume print set and was later made available online.
The *Europa World Year Book* is an example of a reference work from Europa Publications published by Routledge.
Answer: True
Routledge publishes several reference works from Europa Publications, including the *Europa World Year Book*.
Many of Routledge's reference works are available in both print and electronic formats, including dedicated websites like Routledge Handbooks Online.
Answer: True
Routledge offers many of its reference works, such as the Routledge Handbooks, in both print and electronic formats, with a dedicated online platform.
The *Routledge Worlds* series consists of books that provide brief overviews of contemporary political issues.
Answer: False
The publisher describes the *Routledge Worlds* series as 'magisterial surveys of key historical epochs,' not brief political overviews.
*Routledge's Railway Library* was a series of inexpensive fiction works primarily sold at railway bookstalls.
Answer: True
This series, published from 1848 to 1899, consisted of inexpensive fiction sold through W. H. Smith's bookstalls on railway platforms.
*The Muses' Library* was originally established by Routledge in 1891.
Answer: False
The series was originally established in 1891 by Lawrence & Bullen. Routledge revived the series in 1904 after the original publisher ceased operations.
Who served as a commissioning editor for Routledge in the 1990s?
Answer: Nina Stibbe
Novelist Nina Stibbe worked as a commissioning editor for Routledge during the 1990s.
Which of the following authors is NOT mentioned as having published works with Routledge?
Answer: Stephen Hawking
The provided list of prominent authors published by Routledge includes Albert Einstein, Michel Foucault, and Sigmund Freud, but not Stephen Hawking.
What are the names of the specific book series by Routledge that feature republished works of notable authors?
Answer: *Routledge Classics* and *Routledge Great Minds*
The *Routledge Classics* and *Routledge Great Minds* series are dedicated to republishing the works of influential thinkers and scholars.
In what year did Taylor and Francis discontinue the Routledge print encyclopaedia division?
Answer: 2006
Taylor and Francis closed down the Routledge print encyclopaedia division in 2006.
Which of the following was a notable print encyclopedia published by Routledge before 2006?
Answer: *Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy*
Among its notable print reference works, Routledge published the 10-volume *Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy* in 1998.
Which of the following reference works from Europa Publications is published by Routledge?
Answer: *The Europa World Year Book*
Routledge publishes reference works from Europa Publications, including *The Europa World Year Book* and *International Who's Who*.
How are many of Routledge's reference works made available to readers?
Answer: As Routledge Handbooks in both print and electronic formats, with a dedicated website.
Many reference works are published as Routledge Handbooks, which are available in both print and electronic formats and are accessible via the Routledge Handbooks Online website.
Which of the following is an example of an online encyclopedia or digital content collection published by Routledge?
Answer: *Routledge Encyclopedia of Modernism*
Routledge publishes several online encyclopedias and digital collections, including the *Routledge Encyclopedia of Modernism* and the *Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy*.
How does the publisher describe the books in the *Routledge Worlds* series?
Answer: Magisterial surveys of key historical epochs.
The *Routledge Worlds* series is described by the publisher as consisting of 'magisterial surveys of key historical epochs,' offering in-depth explorations of specific cultural or historical contexts.
What was the primary distribution method for books in *Routledge's Railway Library*?
Answer: Primarily sold through W. H. Smith's bookstalls on railway platforms.
The books in the *Routledge's Railway Library* series were mainly sold at W. H. Smith's bookstalls on railway platforms, targeting travelers.
Which of the following authors was featured in *Routledge's Railway Library*?
Answer: Jane Austen
The *Railway Library* featured works from a mix of popular and classic authors, including Jane Austen, James Fenimore Cooper, and Victor Hugo.
What is the history of *The Muses' Library* series before Routledge revived it?
Answer: It was originally established in 1891 by Lawrence & Bullen.
*The Muses' Library* was a series of fine poetry editions established by Lawrence & Bullen in 1891. Routledge revived the series in 1904 after the original publisher ceased operations.
Routledge is a signatory of the SDG Publishers Compact and has achieved CarbonNeutral publication certification for its print books and journals.
Answer: True
Routledge has committed to sustainable practices by signing the SDG Publishers Compact and achieving CarbonNeutral publication certification.
Routledge has faced criticism for its pricing structure, which some argue limits readership compared to open access options.
Answer: True
The publisher has been criticized for a pricing model that is said to limit readership to a 'privileged few,' particularly in contrast to open access publishing.
Which of the following best describes Routledge's stance on sustainable publishing?
Answer: They are a signatory of the SDG Publishers Compact and have achieved CarbonNeutral publication certification.
Routledge has demonstrated a commitment to sustainability by signing the SDG Publishers Compact and achieving CarbonNeutral certification for its print publications.
What criticism has Routledge received regarding its pricing structure?
Answer: It limits readership to a privileged few, especially compared to open access options.
Routledge has been criticized for a pricing model that allegedly limits readership, particularly when contrasted with the accessibility of open access publishing platforms.