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Total Categories: 6
Sandžak is a historical region located exclusively within modern-day Serbia.
Answer: False
The region spans parts of both southwestern Serbia and eastern Montenegro.
Sandžak covers an area of approximately 15,000 square kilometers, stretching from Bosnia to Albania.
Answer: False
Sandžak covers approximately 8,500 square kilometers.
Novi Pazar, Sjenica, and Tutin are the only municipalities in Serbia considered part of Sandžak.
Answer: False
Municipalities like Prijepolje, Nova Varoš, and Priboj in Serbia are also considered part of Sandžak.
Pljevlja, Bijelo Polje, and Berane are municipalities in Montenegro that are part of Sandžak.
Answer: True
Pljevlja, Bijelo Polje, and Berane are among the Montenegrin municipalities located within the Sandžak region.
In Serbia, Sandžak municipalities like Prijepolje and Priboj belong to the Raška District.
Answer: False
Prijepolje and Priboj belong to the Zlatibor District, not the Raška District.
The city of Novi Pazar is described as the largest city and cultural center of the Sandžak region.
Answer: True
Novi Pazar is identified as the largest city and primary cultural hub of the Sandžak region.
The center of Nova Varoš is identified as a municipality within the Sandžak region.
Answer: True
Nova Varoš is recognized as a municipality located within the Sandžak region.
What is the geographical location of the Sandžak region?
Answer: Spanning southwestern Serbia and eastern Montenegro.
The Sandžak region is geographically situated in the Balkans, spanning southwestern Serbia and eastern Montenegro.
What is the approximate geographical area covered by Sandžak?
Answer: 8,500 square kilometers
Sandžak covers an approximate geographical area of 8,500 square kilometers.
Which of the following Serbian municipalities is NOT listed as part of Sandžak in the source?
Answer: Niš
Niš is not listed as a municipality within the Sandžak region; Novi Pazar, Sjenica, and Tutin are.
Which of the following Montenegrin municipalities is NOT typically included as part of Sandžak according to the source?
Answer: Podgorica
Podgorica is not typically included as a Montenegrin municipality within Sandžak; Pljevlja, Bijelo Polje, and Rožaje are.
In Serbia, which administrative district includes the municipalities of Novi Pazar and Tutin?
Answer: Raška District
Novi Pazar and Tutin, municipalities within Sandžak in Serbia, are part of the Raška District.
Which of the following is NOT listed as a municipality in Montenegro considered part of Sandžak?
Answer: Nikšić
Nikšić is not typically listed as a Montenegrin municipality within Sandžak; Bijelo Polje, Berane, and Plav are.
Which of the following Serbian municipalities belongs to the Zlatibor District, according to the source?
Answer: Priboj
Priboj is identified as a Serbian municipality belonging to the Zlatibor District.
Sandžak has historically been ruled by the Ottoman Empire, the medieval Serbian Kingdom, and Austro-Hungarian forces.
Answer: True
Historical records indicate rule by the medieval Serbian Kingdom, the Ottoman Empire, and Austro-Hungarian forces.
Sandžak was incorporated into the region of Raška during the 14th century under the medieval Serbian Kingdom.
Answer: False
Sandžak was incorporated into Raška during the 12th century, not the 14th.
Novi Pazar served as the administrative center when the region became a significant district during Ottoman expansion.
Answer: True
Novi Pazar was the administrative center of the Sanjak of Novi Pazar during the Ottoman period.
Austro-Hungarian troops occupied Sandžak as a garrison from 1878 until 1919.
Answer: False
Austro-Hungarian troops occupied Sandžak from 1878 until 1909.
The withdrawal of Austro-Hungarian troops in 1909 was linked to Austria-Hungary gaining full control over Bosnia.
Answer: True
The 1909 withdrawal coincided with Austria-Hungary gaining full control over Bosnia.
In 1912, Sandžak was divided between the Kingdom of Serbia and the Kingdom of Bulgaria.
Answer: False
In 1912, Sandžak was divided between the Kingdom of Serbia and the Kingdom of Montenegro.
The Ottoman Empire invaded the region in 1455, marking the start of a long period of Ottoman rule.
Answer: True
The Ottoman invasion in 1455 initiated a prolonged period of Ottoman governance in the region.
The devşirme system involved levying European Christian boys who were converted to Islam and incorporated into the Ottoman army.
Answer: True
The devşirme system was a practice of conscripting Christian boys, converting them to Islam, and training them for military or administrative service in the Ottoman Empire.
Austria-Hungary aimed to prevent the unification of Montenegro and Serbia by supporting Sandžak's separation from the Ottoman Empire.
Answer: True
Austria-Hungary's policy aimed to counter Balkan unification, particularly between Montenegro and Serbia, by fostering instability or autonomy in regions like Sandžak.
Sandžak became a separated Sanjak of Novi Pazar in 1790, previously being part of the Sanjak of Bosnia.
Answer: True
The Sanjak of Novi Pazar was established as a distinct administrative unit in 1790, separating from the Sanjak of Bosnia.
Following the Great Turkish War, Slavic-speaking Orthodox Christians were expelled northward, and vacant lands were settled by Muslims.
Answer: True
Post-Great Turkish War demographic shifts included the expulsion of some Orthodox Christians and the settlement of vacant lands by Muslims.
During the First Balkan War in October 1912, Sandžak was seized and divided between Serbia and Bulgaria.
Answer: False
During the First Balkan War in 1912, Sandžak was divided between Serbia and Montenegro.
The 1919 Plav rebellion protested the inclusion of Sandžak into the Kingdom of Yugoslavia and led to reprisals by Montenegrin forces.
Answer: False
The 1919 Plav rebellion protested inclusion into the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes and led to reprisals by Serbian forces.
During World War II, Sandžak was partitioned among Italian Montenegro, Italian Albania, and German-occupied Serbia.
Answer: True
During WWII, Sandžak was divided among Italian-controlled Montenegro, Italian-controlled Albania, and German-occupied Serbia.
During WWII, Sandžak saw conflicts involving Serbian nationalist Chetniks and the Yugoslav Partisan movement, but not local militias.
Answer: False
Conflicts during WWII in Sandžak involved Serbian nationalist Chetniks, Yugoslav Partisans, and local militias, including Sandžak Muslim militias.
In 1945, the AVNOJ decided to grant Sandžak autonomy, recognizing its distinct national basis.
Answer: False
The AVNOJ decided against granting Sandžak autonomy in 1945, citing a lack of national basis and potential disruption.
The seizure and division of Sandžak in 1912 led to the displacement of many Slavic Muslims and Albanians.
Answer: True
The 1912 division of Sandžak resulted in the displacement of numerous Slavic Muslims and Albanians.
The 'Plav rebellion' in 1919 was an uprising by Serbs protesting their forced inclusion into the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.
Answer: False
The 1919 Plav rebellion was an uprising by Albanians protesting their inclusion into the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.
The Sanjak of Novi Pazar became a separated administrative unit in 1790, having previously been part of the Sanjak of Bosnia.
Answer: True
The Sanjak of Novi Pazar was established as a separate administrative unit in 1790, having previously been part of the Sanjak of Bosnia.
The devşirme system was a practice of levying Ottoman Muslim boys for military service.
Answer: False
The devşirme system involved levying European Christian boys, not Muslim boys.
The AVNOJ decided to grant Sandžak autonomy in February 1945.
Answer: False
The AVNOJ decided against granting Sandžak autonomy in February 1945.
The 'Plav rebellion' was an uprising by Albanians protesting their inclusion into the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.
Answer: True
The 1919 Plav rebellion was an Albanian protest against their incorporation into the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.
Which of the following was NOT a historical ruler of the Sandžak region?
Answer: Venetian Republic
Historical rulers included the medieval Serbian Kingdom, the Ottoman Empire, and Austro-Hungarian forces; the Venetian Republic is not listed as a ruler.
During which century was Sandžak incorporated into the region of Raška under the medieval Serbian Kingdom?
Answer: 12th century
Sandžak was incorporated into the region of Raška under the medieval Serbian Kingdom during the 12th century.
What was the administrative center of the Sanjak of Novi Pazar during the Ottoman territorial expansion?
Answer: Novi Pazar
Novi Pazar served as the administrative center of the Sanjak of Novi Pazar during the Ottoman period.
Between which years did Austro-Hungarian troops occupy Sandžak as a garrison?
Answer: 1878 to 1909
Austro-Hungarian troops occupied Sandžak as a garrison from 1878 until 1909.
What did Austria-Hungary gain in exchange for withdrawing its troops from Sandžak in 1909?
Answer: Full control over Bosnia
In 1909, Austria-Hungary gained full control over Bosnia in exchange for withdrawing its troops from Sandžak.
Following the Balkan Wars in 1912, how was Sandžak divided?
Answer: Between the Kingdom of Montenegro and the Kingdom of Serbia
After the Balkan Wars in 1912, Sandžak was divided between the Kingdom of Montenegro and the Kingdom of Serbia.
What was the primary consequence of prolonged Ottoman rule on the population of Sandžak?
Answer: Forced conversion to Islam for many inhabitants
Prolonged Ottoman rule led to the forced conversion to Islam for many inhabitants, alongside other factors contributing to Islamization.
The devşirme system was a practice primarily associated with which aspect of Ottoman policy in the Balkans?
Answer: Military recruitment
The devşirme system was a method of military recruitment for the Ottoman army.
Austria-Hungary's late 19th-century policies in Sandžak were strategically aimed at:
Answer: Preventing Balkan unification and facilitating its own expansion
Austria-Hungary's policies aimed to prevent Balkan unification and facilitate its own regional expansion.
When did the Sanjak of Novi Pazar become a separate administrative unit from the Sanjak of Bosnia?
Answer: 1790
The Sanjak of Novi Pazar became a separate administrative unit in 1790.
What demographic shift occurred in Sandžak following the Great Turkish War (1683-1699)?
Answer: Expulsion of Orthodox Christians and settlement by Muslims
Following the Great Turkish War, there was an expulsion of some Orthodox Christians and settlement of vacant lands by Muslims.
What major conflict in October 1912 led to the seizure and division of Sandžak?
Answer: First Balkan War
The First Balkan War in October 1912 led to the seizure and division of Sandžak.
What was the 'Plav rebellion' in 1919?
Answer: An Albanian revolt protesting inclusion into the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
The 'Plav rebellion' in 1919 was an Albanian uprising protesting their incorporation into the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.
During World War II, which entity controlled the portion of Sandžak that included Montenegro?
Answer: Fascist Italy
During World War II, the portion of Sandžak encompassing Montenegro was controlled by Fascist Italy.
Which of the following groups was NOT identified as a primary faction involved in conflicts within Sandžak during World War II?
Answer: Bulgarian Army units
The primary factions involved were Sandžak Muslim militias, Serbian nationalist Chetniks, and Yugoslav Partisans; Bulgarian Army units are not mentioned as primary participants.
What was the decision made by the Presidency of the AVNOJ regarding Sandžak's autonomy in February 1945?
Answer: Autonomy was denied due to lack of a national basis and potential disruption.
The AVNOJ Presidency decided against granting Sandžak autonomy, citing its lack of a national basis and potential disruption to Serbian and Montenegrin territories.
What was the primary reason for the Ottoman Empire establishing the Sanjak of Novi Pazar in 1865?
Answer: As an administrative district during territorial expansion
The Sanjak of Novi Pazar was established primarily as an administrative district during the Ottoman Empire's territorial expansion.
What was the stated reason for the AVNOJ decision against granting Sandžak autonomy in 1945?
Answer: It lacked a national basis and would disrupt Serbian and Montenegrin territories.
The AVNOJ decision against autonomy cited a lack of national basis and potential disruption to Serbian and Montenegrin territories.
Which historical event led to the displacement of many Slavic Muslims and Albanians from Sandžak?
Answer: The seizure and division of Sandžak in 1912
The seizure and division of Sandžak in 1912 resulted in the displacement of many Slavic Muslims and Albanians.
What was the outcome of the 1919 Plav rebellion mentioned in the source?
Answer: Reprisals by Serbian forces against Albanian citizens
The outcome of the 1919 Plav rebellion included reprisals by Serbian forces against Albanian citizens.
Ethnic Serbs constitute the plurality ethnic group in the Sandžak region.
Answer: False
Ethnic Bosniaks constitute the plurality ethnic group in the Sandžak region.
According to the provided data, Sjenica was the most populated municipality in Sandžak.
Answer: False
Novi Pazar was the most populated municipality in Sandžak according to the data.
Albanian speakers in Sandžak migrated primarily to Ottoman provinces like Anatolia.
Answer: False
Albanian speakers from Sandžak primarily migrated to Kosovo and North Macedonia.
The 1910 Ottoman census indicated that Orthodox Serbs constituted the majority of Sandžak's population.
Answer: False
The 1910 census indicated Muslims constituted the majority (approximately 65%) of the population.
The 1931 Yugoslav census showed Bosnian Muslims forming a slight majority over Orthodox Serbs and Montenegrins in Sandžak municipalities.
Answer: False
The 1931 census showed Orthodox Serbs and Montenegrins forming a majority (56.5%) over Bosnian Muslims (43.1%).
Recent census data shows Bosniaks forming the majority ethnic group in Sandžak, followed by Serbs.
Answer: True
Recent census data indicates Bosniaks are the majority ethnic group, followed by Serbs.
Religiously, Sandžak is predominantly Orthodox Christian, despite a significant Muslim population.
Answer: False
Sandžak is predominantly Muslim, reflecting the majority Bosniak population, though it also has a significant Orthodox Christian (Serb) minority.
The 1910 Ottoman census recorded Muslims as constituting approximately 35% of the population in the Sanjak of Novi Pazar.
Answer: False
The 1910 Ottoman census recorded Muslims as constituting approximately 65% of the population.
The 1931 Yugoslav census indicated that Bosnian Muslims formed the majority ethnic group in Sandžak municipalities.
Answer: False
The 1931 Yugoslav census indicated that Orthodox Serbs and Montenegrins formed the majority ethnic group in Sandžak municipalities.
Recent census data shows Serbs as the second-largest ethnic group in Sandžak, following Bosniaks.
Answer: True
Recent census data confirms Serbs are the second-largest ethnic group, after Bosniaks.
Sandžak is considered more Muslim-oriented due to historical Ottoman influence.
Answer: True
Historical Ottoman influence has contributed to Sandžak being considered more Muslim-oriented.
Which ethnic group constitutes the plurality in the Sandžak region?
Answer: Ethnic Bosniaks
Ethnic Bosniaks form the plurality, meaning they are the largest single ethnic group within the Sandžak region.
According to the provided data, which municipality had the highest population in Sandžak?
Answer: Novi Pazar
According to the data, Novi Pazar was the most populated municipality in the Sandžak region.
During the Ottoman period, Albanian speakers from Sandžak primarily migrated to which regions?
Answer: Kosovo and North Macedonia
Albanian speakers from Sandžak primarily migrated to Kosovo and North Macedonia during the Ottoman period.
According to the 1910 Ottoman census, what was the approximate percentage of Muslims in the Sanjak of Novi Pazar?
Answer: 65%
The 1910 Ottoman census indicated that Muslims constituted approximately 65% of the population in the Sanjak of Novi Pazar.
In the 1931 Yugoslav census, what was the approximate percentage of Orthodox Serbs and Montenegrins in Sandžak municipalities?
Answer: 56.5%
The 1931 Yugoslav census reported that Orthodox Serbs and Montenegrins comprised approximately 56.5% of the population in Sandžak municipalities.
What is the approximate percentage of Muslims in Sandžak according to recent census data?
Answer: 61.5%
Recent census data indicates that Muslims constitute approximately 61.5% of the population in Sandžak.
The Stari Ras fortress, located near Novi Pazar, dates back to the 12th century.
Answer: False
The Stari Ras fortress dates back to the 8th century.
The Đurđevi Stupovi monastery, near Novi Pazar, is a 12th-century religious site.
Answer: True
The Đurđevi Stupovi monastery near Novi Pazar is a significant religious site dating from the 12th century.
The 'White Angel' fresco, a famous artwork, is located in the Sopoćani monastery.
Answer: False
The 'White Angel' fresco is located in the Mileševa monastery, not Sopoćani.
The Sopoćani monastery, near Novi Pazar, is a significant historical site from the 13th century.
Answer: True
The Sopoćani monastery near Novi Pazar is a significant historical site dating from the 13th century.
The Husein-paša Mosque is a notable religious building located in Novi Pazar.
Answer: False
The Husein-paša Mosque is located in Pljevlja, not Novi Pazar.
Walls constructed during the Ottoman period are visible in the city of Novi Pazar.
Answer: True
Ottoman-era walls are visible in Novi Pazar, reflecting its historical development.
The Kučanska Mosque in Rožaje dates back to the late 19th century.
Answer: False
The Kučanska Mosque in Rožaje dates back to 1830.
The Stari Ras fortress dates back to the 8th century.
Answer: True
The Stari Ras fortress dates back to the 8th century.
The 'White Angel' fresco is located in the Mileševa monastery near Prijepolje.
Answer: True
The renowned 'White Angel' fresco is housed in the Mileševa monastery near Prijepolje.
The Kučanska Mosque in Rožaje dates back to 1830.
Answer: True
The Kučanska Mosque in Rožaje was built in 1830.
Which of the following is a significant religious site near Novi Pazar dating back to the 12th century?
Answer: Đurđevi Stupovi monastery
The Đurđevi Stupovi monastery, located near Novi Pazar, is a significant religious site dating back to the 12th century.
The 'White Angel' fresco, known for its artistic value, was created around what year?
Answer: 1235
The 'White Angel' fresco, renowned for its artistic merit, was created around the year 1235.
Economic advantages, such as exemption from jizya, contributed to the Islamization of the population in Sandžak.
Answer: True
Economic incentives, including exemption from the jizya tax, played a role in the Islamization process within Sandžak.
The collapse of the Ottoman Empire negatively impacted the economic stability of Sandžak's Slavic Muslims.
Answer: True
The decline of the Ottoman Empire adversely affected the economic stability of the region's Slavic Muslim population.
Sandžak remained economically underdeveloped throughout the Yugoslav period, lacking significant industry.
Answer: True
The region remained economically underdeveloped with limited industry throughout the Yugoslav period.
Industrialization and urbanization in Sandžak primarily benefited Muslims by increasing their representation in urban centers.
Answer: False
Industrialization and urbanization altered the national composition of urban centers, often to the disadvantage of Muslims, as Serbs formed a larger portion of urban migrants.
A referendum on Sandžak's autonomy was held in 1991, with a majority voting against it.
Answer: False
A 1991 referendum on autonomy reported a high percentage of participation and a majority voting in favor of autonomy.
Emigration of all ethnic groups from Sandžak is a recent demographic trend attributed to underdevelopment.
Answer: True
Emigration across all ethnic groups is a recent demographic trend linked to the region's underdevelopment.
Which factor, besides the devşirme system, contributed to the Islamization of Sandžak's population?
Answer: Economic advantages for Muslims
Economic advantages, such as exemption from certain taxes, were factors contributing to the Islamization of the population.
The economic decline experienced by Sandžak's Slavic Muslims after 1912 was primarily due to:
Answer: The collapse of the Ottoman Empire
The economic decline was primarily linked to the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, which had provided economic stability.
What demographic trend has been observed in Sandžak in recent times, attributed to the region's underdevelopment?
Answer: Emigration of all ethnic groups.
Emigration of all ethnic groups from Sandžak is a recent demographic trend attributed to the region's underdevelopment.
What was the primary reason for the general underdevelopment of Sandžak during the Yugoslav period?
Answer: Limited industry and poor infrastructure
The general underdevelopment of Sandžak during the Yugoslav period was primarily due to limited industry and poor infrastructure.
What was the primary reason for the demographic shift that disadvantaged Muslims in Sandžak's urban centers during the Yugoslav period?
Answer: Serbs constituting a larger portion of urban migrants
The demographic shift disadvantaging Muslims in urban centers was primarily due to Serbs forming a larger proportion of urban migrants.
What percentage of the population participated in the 1991 referendum on Sandžak's autonomy, according to the Muslim National Council of Sandžak?
Answer: Approximately 70.2%
According to the Muslim National Council of Sandžak, approximately 70.2% of the population participated in the 1991 referendum on autonomy.
The name 'Sandžak' originates from the Ottoman administrative district known as the Sanjak of Novi Pazar.
Answer: True
The name 'Sandžak' is derived from the Sanjak of Novi Pazar, an administrative district established by the Ottoman Empire in 1865.
The Ottoman Turkish word 'sancak' translates to 'province' and is the root of the region's name.
Answer: True
The term 'sancak' in Ottoman Turkish translates to 'province' and is the origin of the region's name.
Serbs historically refer to the region of Sandžak by the name Raška.
Answer: True
Historically, Serbs referred to this region as Raška.
From which historical administrative district does the name "Sandžak" originate?
Answer: Sanjak of Novi Pazar
The name 'Sandžak' is derived from the Sanjak of Novi Pazar, an Ottoman administrative district.
The term 'Sandžak' is derived from the Ottoman Turkish word 'sancak', which means:
Answer: Province
The Ottoman Turkish word 'sancak' translates to 'province' and is the root of the region's name.
What is the historical name used by Serbs for the region known today as Sandžak?
Answer: Raška
Historically, Serbs referred to this region as Raška.