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The common name 'American mahogany' is the sole designation for Swietenia mahagoni.
Answer: False
The source indicates that Swietenia mahagoni is known by multiple common names, including American mahogany, Cuban mahogany, small-leaved mahogany, and West Indian mahogany, contradicting the assertion of exclusivity.
Swietenia mahagoni trees typically attain heights exceeding 50 meters.
Answer: False
Swietenia mahagoni trees typically grow to heights of 30 to 35 meters, which is considerably less than 50 meters.
The leaves of Swietenia mahagoni are characterized as simple and ovate in shape.
Answer: False
The leaves of Swietenia mahagoni are pinnate, composed of four to eight leaflets, rather than being simple and ovate.
The fruit of Swietenia mahagoni is described as a fleshy berry containing smooth seeds.
Answer: False
The fruit of Swietenia mahagoni is a woody capsule containing winged seeds, not a fleshy berry with smooth seeds.
The bark of young Swietenia mahagoni trees is typically characterized by roughness and deep furrows.
Answer: False
The bark of young Swietenia mahagoni trees is smooth and grayish; roughness and furrows develop as the tree matures.
The newly emerging leaves of Swietenia mahagoni exhibit a dark green coloration.
Answer: False
Newly emerging leaves of Swietenia mahagoni are typically blood-red to pinkish in color, transitioning to green as they mature.
Identify the common name that is NOT associated with Swietenia mahagoni.
Answer: Honduran mahogany
The provided information lists American mahogany, Cuban mahogany, and West Indian mahogany as common names for Swietenia mahagoni. Honduran mahogany is not mentioned as a common name for this species.
What is the typical mature height range for Swietenia mahagoni trees?
Answer: 30-35 meters
Swietenia mahagoni trees typically reach heights between 30 and 35 meters.
Describe the morphology of the leaves of Swietenia mahagoni.
Answer: Pinnate leaves with 4-8 leaflets
The leaves of Swietenia mahagoni are pinnate, typically comprising four to eight leaflets, and measure between 12 to 25 centimeters in length.
What is the characteristic morphology of the fruit produced by Swietenia mahagoni?
Answer: A woody capsule containing winged seeds
The fruit of Swietenia mahagoni is a woody capsule, typically 5 to 10 centimeters long, which contains numerous winged seeds facilitating dispersal.
Describe the coloration of the newly emerging leaves of Swietenia mahagoni.
Answer: Blood-red to pinkish
Upon emergence, the new leaves of Swietenia mahagoni exhibit a distinctive blood-red to pinkish coloration before maturing to green.
Within its scientific classification, Swietenia mahagoni is categorized under the Kingdom Plantae and the Order Sapindales.
Answer: True
The comprehensive scientific classification of Swietenia mahagoni confirms its placement within the Kingdom Plantae and the Order Sapindales, among other taxonomic ranks.
In 1758, Carl Linnaeus assigned the original binomial name *Swietenia mahagoni* to the mahogany tree.
Answer: False
Carl Linnaeus's original binomial classification for the mahogany tree in 1758 was *Cedrela mahagoni*, prior to its later reclassification into the genus *Swietenia*.
Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin reclassified the mahogany tree into the genus *Swietenia* in the year 1760.
Answer: True
The reclassification of the mahogany tree into the genus *Swietenia* by Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin occurred in 1760, establishing its current accepted scientific placement.
The scientific synonym *Swietenia macrophylla* is recognized for *Swietenia mahagoni*.
Answer: False
Based on the provided taxonomic information, *Swietenia macrophylla* is not listed as a scientific synonym for *Swietenia mahagoni*. Documented synonyms include *Cedrela mahagoni* and others.
Within its scientific classification, to which botanical Order does Swietenia mahagoni belong?
Answer: Sapindales
The scientific classification of Swietenia mahagoni places it within the Order Sapindales, as part of the Meliaceae family.
In 1758, what was the original binomial scientific name assigned to the mahogany tree by Carl Linnaeus?
Answer: Cedrela mahagoni
Carl Linnaeus's initial scientific classification of the mahogany tree in 1758 was *Cedrela mahagoni*.
Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin reclassified the mahogany tree into the genus *Swietenia* in what year?
Answer: 1760
The reclassification of the mahogany tree into the genus *Swietenia* by Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin occurred in 1760, establishing its current accepted scientific placement.
The earliest documented utilization of Swietenia mahagoni occurred in the 18th century, primarily for ship repair.
Answer: False
The earliest recorded use of Swietenia mahagoni dates back to 1514, predating the 18th century, and was associated with woodwork in the Basilica Cathedral of Santa María la Menor.
During the period of 1521 to 1540, Spanish explorers primarily utilized mahogany wood for the construction of furniture.
Answer: False
Historical records indicate that Spanish explorers between 1521 and 1540 used mahogany wood predominantly for constructing canoes and for ship repair, rather than for furniture.
West Indies mahogany was specified for interior trim and furniture within which significant royal residence during the Renaissance period?
Answer: True
West Indies mahogany was specified for interior trim and furniture in El Escorial, a major royal residence constructed during the Renaissance.
In the 18th century, mahogany served as a secondary wood in European shipbuilding, with oak retaining its dominant position.
Answer: False
Contrary to the statement, mahogany became the primary wood utilized in European shipbuilding during the 18th century, superseding oak in many applications due to its superior properties.
The timbers of the Spanish man-of-war Gibraltar, after 56 years of service, were found to be too decayed for reuse.
Answer: False
The timbers of the Spanish man-of-war Gibraltar, after 56 years of service, were remarkably sound and were subsequently reused, demonstrating the wood's exceptional durability.
Mahogany saw no application in naval construction during the period of World War II.
Answer: False
Mahogany was extensively utilized in naval construction during World War II, particularly for PT boats and other types of vessels, with its use increasing significantly between 1940 and 1943.
The U.S. Navy Bureau of Ships approves mahogany for boat construction primarily because of its challenging workability and significant shrinkage.
Answer: False
The U.S. Navy Bureau of Ships approves mahogany for boat construction due to its ease of working and low shrinking and swelling characteristics, along with its resistance to decay.
Significant adoption of mahogany in English furniture-making commenced during the 17th century.
Answer: False
Mahogany's widespread use in English furniture-making did not begin until the 18th century; prior to that, oak and walnut were the predominant materials.
Which prominent style of American furniture design, flourishing between 1780 and 1830, is characterized by the extensive use of mahogany?
Answer: True
The Federal Style of American furniture design is intrinsically linked to mahogany, as the wood was extensively utilized and central to its aesthetic and construction.
What event marks the earliest documented instance of Swietenia mahagoni woodwork utilization?
Answer: A cross placed in Santo Domingo's Basilica Cathedral in 1514
The earliest recorded use of Swietenia mahagoni woodwork dates to 1514, associated with a cross installed in the Basilica Cathedral of Santa María la Menor in Santo Domingo.
During the period of 1521 to 1540, what were the primary practical applications of mahogany wood utilized by Spanish explorers?
Answer: Constructing canoes and ship repair
Spanish explorers utilized mahogany wood between 1521 and 1540 for constructing canoes and for ship repair, highlighting its early utility in maritime contexts.
For which royal residence during the Renaissance was West Indies mahogany specified for interior trim and furniture?
Answer: El Escorial
West Indies mahogany was specified for interior trim and furniture in El Escorial, a major royal residence constructed during the Renaissance.
Which historical vessel serves as a notable example of the exceptional durability of West Indies mahogany in shipbuilding?
Answer: The Spanish man-of-war Gibraltar
The Spanish man-of-war Gibraltar, after 56 years of service, demonstrated the remarkable durability and resistance to decay characteristic of West Indies mahogany.
During the Second World War, mahogany found extensive application in the construction of which specific category of naval vessels?
Answer: PT boats (motor Patrol Torpedo)
Mahogany was extensively utilized in the construction of PT boats (motor Patrol Torpedo) and other small vessels during World War II.
According to the U.S. Navy Bureau of Ships, what combination of properties makes mahogany particularly suitable for the construction of high-speed boats?
Answer: Its resistance to decay and ease of working
The U.S. Navy Bureau of Ships approves mahogany for high-speed boats due to its inherent resistance to decay and its ease of workability, alongside other favorable attributes like medium weight and low shrinkage.
The designation of the 18th century as the 'Age of Mahogany' is primarily attributed to the wood's significant influence on which field?
Answer: British furniture-making
The 18th century is recognized as the 'Age of Mahogany' due to the wood's profound impact and central role in defining the styles and craftsmanship of British furniture-making during that era.
Which prominent style of American furniture design, flourishing between 1780 and 1830, is characterized by the extensive use of mahogany?
Answer: Federal Style
The Federal Style of American furniture design is intrinsically linked to mahogany, as the wood was extensively utilized and central to its aesthetic and construction.
What primary attribute makes mahogany wood highly valued in the construction of contemporary musical instruments?
Answer: False
Mahogany is prized for its superior tonewood qualities, which significantly contribute to the acoustic properties, sound, and resonance of musical instruments.
Mahogany is entirely absent from the construction of guitars and mandolins.
Answer: False
Mahogany is indeed utilized in the construction of guitars and mandolins, often appearing in the top, back, sides, and neck of guitars, as well as in older mandolins.
The Gibson Les Paul Custom model is constructed without the use of mahogany.
Answer: False
The Gibson Les Paul Custom model, along with the Deluxe and Studio variants, utilizes mahogany as a key component in its construction.
High-end drum shells are typically constructed from single, solid pieces of mahogany.
Answer: False
High-end drum shells are frequently constructed using three-ply laminations, often incorporating mahogany, poplar, and mahogany layers, rather than single solid pieces.
The wooden bars of marimbas are typically crafted from pine wood.
Answer: False
The wooden bars of marimbas are made from mahogany, which is crucial for producing the instrument's distinctive tonal qualities.
What primary attribute makes mahogany wood highly valued in the construction of contemporary musical instruments?
Answer: Its superior tonewood qualities contributing to sound and resonance
Mahogany is prized for its superior tonewood qualities, which significantly contribute to the acoustic properties, sound, and resonance of musical instruments.
Identify the specific Gibson Les Paul models that incorporate mahogany in their construction.
Answer: Custom, Deluxe, and Studio
Mahogany is a key component in the construction of several Gibson Les Paul models, including the Custom, Deluxe, and Studio.
Describe the typical construction method employed for high-end drum shells as indicated in the source material.
Answer: Three-ply laminations of mahogany, poplar, and mahogany
High-end drum shells are frequently constructed using three-ply laminations, often incorporating mahogany, poplar, and mahogany layers, rather than single solid pieces.
Which specific component of marimbas is traditionally crafted from mahogany?
Answer: The wooden bars
The wooden bars of marimbas, essential for producing the instrument's characteristic sound, are made from mahogany.
Swietenia mahagoni is officially recognized as the national tree of Cuba.
Answer: False
While Swietenia mahagoni is indeed a national tree, the source specifies it holds this distinction for the Dominican Republic, not Cuba.
The native range of Swietenia mahagoni includes South Florida and the islands of the West Indies.
Answer: True
Swietenia mahagoni is indigenous to the West Indies islands and South Florida, marking the northern extent of its natural distribution.
In South Florida, Swietenia mahagoni is considered fully deciduous, shedding its entire foliage annually.
Answer: False
Mahoganies in South Florida are classified as semi-deciduous, shedding leaves seasonally rather than being fully deciduous.
Swietenia mahagoni demonstrates poor resistance to high winds and is frequently damaged by hurricanes.
Answer: False
Swietenia mahagoni exhibits strong wind resistance and frequently survives major hurricanes, indicating resilience rather than poor resistance.
Swietenia mahagoni is cultivated as an ornamental tree in various subtropical and tropical regions, including Florida.
Answer: True
Swietenia mahagoni is indeed cultivated ornamentally in subtropical and tropical areas, and it is also grown as a street and shade tree within Florida.
The U.S. government maintains a 147-acre observation plot dedicated to Swietenia mahagoni in Puerto Rico.
Answer: False
The U.S. government maintains a 147-acre observation plot of Swietenia mahagoni, but this plot is located on St. Croix in the United States Virgin Islands, not Puerto Rico.
What specific distinction is attributed to Swietenia mahagoni within the Dominican Republic?
Answer: It is the national tree.
Swietenia mahagoni is recognized as the national tree of the Dominican Republic.
Identify the northernmost geographical boundary of the native range of Swietenia mahagoni.
Answer: South Florida
The native range of Swietenia mahagoni extends to South Florida in the United States, which represents the northernmost limit of its distribution.
The rarity of true Swietenia mahagoni in the market is primarily attributed to its rapid growth and abundant availability.
Answer: False
The rarity of true Swietenia mahagoni in the market is primarily attributed to historic over-harvesting, not rapid growth or abundant availability.
West Indian mahogany is subject to conservation law protections in both Cuba and the Dominican Republic.
Answer: True
Conservation laws, at national levels, protect West Indian mahogany in both Cuba and the Dominican Republic.
The Lacey Act of 1900 specifically prohibits the trade in plants that have been legally acquired.
Answer: False
The Lacey Act of 1900 prohibits the trade in plants that have been illegally obtained, transported, or sold, rather than those acquired legally.
Swietenia mahagoni is listed under Appendix I of CITES, signifying a high risk of extinction.
Answer: False
Swietenia mahagoni is listed under Appendix II of CITES, which regulates international trade in saw-logs, sawn wood, and veneers, rather than Appendix I.
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) classifies Swietenia mahagoni as 'Least Concern'.
Answer: False
The IUCN classifies Swietenia mahagoni as 'Near Threatened', indicating it is close to qualifying for a threatened category, rather than 'Least Concern'.
NatureServe classifies Swietenia mahagoni as 'Vulnerable' within the state of Florida.
Answer: True
NatureServe's classification designates Swietenia mahagoni as 'Vulnerable' within Florida, reflecting concerns regarding its population status in the state.
Swietenia mahagoni is classified as 'Critically Endangered' in the Dominican Republic.
Answer: False
National assessments classify Swietenia mahagoni as 'Vulnerable' in the Dominican Republic, not 'Critically Endangered'.
Based on national assessments, Swietenia mahagoni is listed as 'Least Concern' in Cuba.
Answer: True
National assessments indicate that Swietenia mahagoni is classified as 'Least Concern' in Cuba, signifying its current abundance and low risk of endangerment in the region.
What is the primary reason cited for the scarcity of true Swietenia mahagoni in the commercial market?
Answer: Historic over-harvesting has depleted populations.
The rarity of true Swietenia mahagoni in the market is primarily attributed to historic over-harvesting, not rapid growth or abundant availability.
Globally, which prominent conservation organization designates Swietenia mahagoni as 'Near Threatened'?
Answer: IUCN
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) classifies Swietenia mahagoni as 'Near Threatened' on a global scale.
According to national assessments, what is the conservation status of Swietenia mahagoni within the Cayman Islands?
Answer: Critically Endangered
National assessments indicate that Swietenia mahagoni is classified as 'Critically Endangered' in the Cayman Islands, signifying a high risk of extinction.
What key requirement does the Lacey Act of 1900 mandate for plant products traded within the United States?
Answer: A documented chain of possession for plant products
The Lacey Act of 1900 mandates that plant products sold in the United States must have a documented chain of possession, prohibiting trade in illegally acquired flora.
Under which appendix of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) is Swietenia mahagoni listed, governing its international trade?
Answer: Appendix II
Swietenia mahagoni is listed under Appendix II of CITES, which pertains to saw-logs, sawn wood, and veneers, thereby regulating its international trade for sustainability.
According to Mark Catesby's observations, what specific characteristic made mahogany a superior material to oak for shipbuilding?
Answer: False
Mark Catesby noted that mahogany's resistance to splintering when struck by gunshots made it superior to oak for shipbuilding.
Research has investigated the potential of Swietenia mahagoni leaves and bark for controlling the honey bee pest Varroa destructor.
Answer: True
Studies have explored the acaricidal properties of Swietenia mahagoni leaves and bark as a natural method for managing *Varroa destructor*, a significant pest affecting honey bees.
Mark Catesby's seminal publication detailing the mahogany tree was titled 'The Natural History of Carolina, Florida, and the Bahama Islands'.
Answer: True
Mark Catesby's influential work, 'The Natural History of Carolina, Florida, and the Bahama Islands,' provided the foundational description and illustrations upon which Linnaeus based his scientific naming of the mahogany tree.
Research concerning the acaricidal properties of Swietenia mahagoni primarily focuses on controlling aphid pests.
Answer: False
Research into the acaricidal properties of Swietenia mahagoni is directed towards controlling *Varroa destructor*, a mite that affects honey bees, rather than aphid pests.
According to Mark Catesby's observations, what specific characteristic made mahogany a superior material to oak for shipbuilding?
Answer: Its ability to resist gunshots without splintering
Mark Catesby noted that mahogany's resistance to splintering when struck by gunshots made it superior to oak for shipbuilding.
Research investigating the acaricidal properties of Swietenia mahagoni focuses on controlling which specific pest that impacts honey bee populations?
Answer: Varroa destructor
Studies into the acaricidal properties of Swietenia mahagoni are directed towards controlling *Varroa destructor*, a detrimental pest affecting honey bees.
The scientific nomenclature of the mahogany tree by Linnaeus was based upon the publication and description provided by whom?
Answer: Mark Catesby
Carl Linnaeus's initial scientific description of the mahogany tree was based on the detailed work and illustrations found in Mark Catesby's publication, 'The Natural History of Carolina, Florida, and the Bahama Islands'.