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Total Categories: 6
The Territory of the Saar Basin was established as a direct result of the Treaty of Trianon.
Answer: False
The Territory of the Saar Basin was established as a direct result of the Treaty of Versailles, not the Treaty of Trianon.
The flag of the Saar Territory, adopted in 1920, represented the combined heritage of Saxony and Bavaria.
Answer: False
The flag of the Saar Territory, adopted in 1920, symbolized the heritage of Bavaria and Prussia, not Saxony and Bavaria.
The Treaty of Versailles stipulated that a plebiscite would be held after the 15-year mandate period to determine the Saar Basin's future.
Answer: True
The Treaty of Versailles stipulated that a plebiscite would be held after the 15-year mandate period to determine the Saar Basin's future status.
The Territory of the Saar Basin was formed from lands solely from the Prussian Rhine Province.
Answer: False
The Territory of the Saar Basin was formed from lands belonging to both the Prussian Rhine Province and the Bavarian district of the Palatinate.
The Treaty of Versailles mandated the Saar Basin's governance for a period of ten years.
Answer: False
The Treaty of Versailles mandated the Saar Basin's governance for a period of fifteen years, not ten.
The German names for the Saar Territory included 'Saarland' and 'Saarterritorium'.
Answer: False
The German names for the Saar Territory were 'Saarbeckengebiet' and 'Saarterritorium'; 'Saarland' became its common name later.
The Governing Commission was established in 1920, the same year the Saar Territory's flag was adopted.
Answer: True
The Governing Commission was established in 1920, and the Saar Territory's flag was also adopted in 1920.
The Saar Territory's population in 1933 was approximately 1 million people.
Answer: False
The Saar Territory's population in 1933 was approximately 812,000 people, not 1 million.
The Saar Territory was formed from lands belonging exclusively to Prussia.
Answer: False
The Saar Territory was formed from lands belonging to both Prussia and Bavaria, not exclusively Prussia.
The Treaty of Versailles ceded the Saar Basin's coalfields to Belgium.
Answer: False
The Treaty of Versailles ceded the Saar Basin's coalfields to France, not Belgium.
Which of the following was a German name for the Territory of the Saar Basin?
Answer: Saarbeckengebiet
The German names for the Territory of the Saar Basin included 'Saarbeckengebiet' and 'Saarterritorium'.
According to the Treaty of Versailles, which country received control over the Saar Basin's coalfields?
Answer: France
As stipulated by the Treaty of Versailles, France received control over the Saar Basin's coalfields for a period of 15 years.
The flag of the Saar Territory symbolized the historical ties to which two German states?
Answer: Bavaria and Prussia
The flag of the Saar Territory, adopted in 1920, symbolized historical ties to Bavaria and Prussia, reflecting the regions from which the territory was formed.
The Saar Territory was formed from parts of which two German regions?
Answer: Prussia and Bavaria
The Saar Territory was formed from parts of the Prussian Rhine Province and the Bavarian district of the Palatinate.
The Treaty of Versailles established the Territory of the Saar Basin under Articles 45-50 and their what?
Answer: Annexes
The Treaty of Versailles established the Territory of the Saar Basin under Articles 45-50 and their Annexes.
Which of the following languages was commonly spoken in the Territory of the Saar Basin?
Answer: Moselle Franconian
Commonly spoken languages in the Territory of the Saar Basin included French, German, Rhine Franconian, and Moselle Franconian.
The League of Nations mandate over the Saar Basin lasted for exactly 20 years.
Answer: False
The League of Nations mandate over the Saar Basin lasted for fifteen years, from 1920 to 1935.
During the League of Nations mandate, the Saar Basin's coalfields were ceded to Germany.
Answer: False
During the League of Nations mandate, the Saar Basin's coalfields were ceded to France, not Germany, as stipulated by the Treaty of Versailles.
The Saar Territory was governed by a single High Commissioner appointed directly by the League of Nations.
Answer: False
The Saar Territory was governed by a five-person Governing Commission, which included representatives of the occupying powers, rather than a single High Commissioner.
The Governing Commission had no authority over the Saar Territory's currency and stamps.
Answer: False
The Governing Commission did have authority over the Saar Territory's currency and stamps; the territory issued its own currency (Saar franc) and postage stamps.
The Governing Commission was required to include at least one French representative and one German resident of the Saar.
Answer: True
The mandate terms required the Governing Commission to include at least one French person and one German resident of the Saar.
The Saar Territory was governed by the United Kingdom and Germany under the League of Nations mandate.
Answer: False
The Saar Territory was governed by the United Kingdom and France under the League of Nations mandate, not Germany.
The Governing Commission included representatives from Canada and the United Kingdom.
Answer: True
The Governing Commission included representatives from Canada (George Washington Stephens Jr.) and the United Kingdom (Sir Ernest Wilton, Sir Geoffrey George Knox).
The German term for the Governing Commission was 'Verwaltungskommission'.
Answer: False
The German term for the Governing Commission was 'Regierungskommission', not 'Verwaltungskommission'.
What was the primary international body that mandated the governance of the Saar Basin?
Answer: The League of Nations
The League of Nations was the primary international body that mandated the governance of the Saar Basin under the terms of the Treaty of Versailles.
For how long was the Territory of the Saar Basin governed under the League of Nations mandate?
Answer: 15 years
The League of Nations mandate over the Saar Basin lasted for fifteen years, commencing in 1920.
Who administered the Territory of the Saar Basin under the League of Nations mandate?
Answer: United Kingdom and France
Under the League of Nations mandate, the Territory of the Saar Basin was administered jointly by the United Kingdom and France.
How was the Saar Territory governed internally during the mandate period?
Answer: By a five-person Governing Commission
During the League of Nations mandate, the Saar Territory was governed internally by a five-person Governing Commission, composed of representatives from the occupying powers.
Who served as Chairman of the Governing Commission?
Answer: George Washington Stephens Jr.
George Washington Stephens Jr., a Canadian representative, served as Chairman of the Governing Commission of the Saar Basin from 1926 to 1927.
What was the German term for the Governing Commission of the Saar Territory?
Answer: Regierungskommission
The German term for the Governing Commission of the Saar Territory was 'Regierungskommission'.
What was the primary purpose of the League of Nations mandate over the Saar Basin?
Answer: To govern the region and cede its coalfields to France
The primary purpose of the League of Nations mandate over the Saar Basin was to govern the region and cede its coalfields to France for a period of 15 years.
The capital city of the Saar Territory was Saarbrücken.
Answer: True
Saarbrücken served as the designated capital city of the Saar Territory during the period of League of Nations mandate.
The Regional Council (Landesrat) held significant legislative power during the mandate period.
Answer: False
The Regional Council (Landesrat) functioned primarily as a consultative body and lacked significant legislative power, as the Governing Commission held sole legislative authority.
The Regional Council members were immune from legal prosecution, similar to members of national parliaments.
Answer: False
Members of the Regional Council were not immune from legal prosecution; they lacked parliamentary immunity.
The Governing Commission decreed the formation of the Regional Council (Landesrat) in 1922, four years after the mandate began.
Answer: True
As required by the Treaty of Versailles, the Governing Commission decreed the formation of the Regional Council (Landesrat) in 1922, four years after the mandate commenced.
The legislative period for the Regional Council was consistently three years throughout its existence.
Answer: False
The legislative period for the Regional Council was initially three years but was extended to four years starting with the 1924 elections.
Bartholomäus Koßmann, president of the Regional Council, belonged to the Social Democratic Party.
Answer: False
Bartholomäus Koßmann, president of the Regional Council, belonged to the Centre Party, not the Social Democratic Party.
The Governing Commission held sole legislative authority, meaning the Regional Council had no power to introduce bills.
Answer: True
The Governing Commission held sole legislative authority, and the Regional Council had no power to introduce bills or set the agenda.
The Regional Council had the right of interpellation.
Answer: False
The Regional Council did not have the right of interpellation; this was one of its limitations under the Governing Commission's authority.
What was the designated capital city of the Territory of the Saar Basin?
Answer: Saarbrücken
The designated capital city of the Territory of the Saar Basin was Saarbrücken.
What was the primary function of the Regional Council (Landesrat) established in 1922?
Answer: To serve as a consultative body
Established in 1922, the Regional Council (Landesrat) served primarily as a consultative body, lacking independent legislative powers under the Governing Commission.
Which of the following was NOT a limitation imposed on the Regional Council members?
Answer: Power to veto Commission decisions
The Regional Council members faced limitations such as no right of interpellation, inability to set the agenda, and no right to introduce bills; they did not possess the power to veto Commission decisions.
What was the legislative period for the Regional Council extended to starting with the 1924 elections?
Answer: Four years
The legislative period for the Regional Council was extended to four years, beginning with the elections held in 1924.
How did the Governing Commission's legislative authority impact the Regional Council?
Answer: The Council had no legislative power and was purely consultative.
The Governing Commission held sole legislative authority, rendering the Regional Council purely consultative and without legislative power.
Which of the following was NOT a characteristic of the Regional Council's limited powers?
Answer: Power to veto Commission decisions
The Regional Council's powers were limited; it lacked the right of interpellation, agenda-setting, and bill introduction, but it did not possess the power to veto Commission decisions.
Following the Nazi takeover in Germany, the Bezirk Saar of the SPD and the Saar branch of the KPD began supporting the status quo in the Saar.
Answer: True
After the Nazi takeover in Germany, the Bezirk Saar of the SPD and the Saar branch of the KPD shifted their stance, ceasing opposition to the status quo and beginning to support it.
The 1935 Saar status plebiscite was heavily influenced by Joseph Goebbels' propaganda campaign and local Catholic support.
Answer: True
Joseph Goebbels' propaganda campaign, coupled with local Catholic support and the perception of Hitler as a bulwark against Bolshevism, significantly influenced voters in the 1935 Saar status plebiscite.
In the 1935 plebiscite, 90.8% of voters chose to join France.
Answer: False
In the 1935 plebiscite, 90.8% of voters chose to rejoin the German Reich; only 0.4% voted to join France.
The 1935 Saar status plebiscite was conducted under the oversight of the League of Nations mandate.
Answer: True
The 1935 Saar status plebiscite was conducted under the oversight and authority of the League of Nations mandate.
The primary reason cited for the 8.8% vote to retain the status quo in the 1935 plebiscite was economic dissatisfaction.
Answer: False
The primary reason cited for the 8.8% vote to retain the status quo in the 1935 plebiscite was opposition to Nazi rule, not economic dissatisfaction.
The plebiscite participation rate in 1935 was 98%.
Answer: True
The voter participation rate in the 1935 Saar status plebiscite was indeed 98%.
What significant political shift occurred among the Bezirk Saar of the SPD and the Saar branch of the KPD after the Nazi takeover in Germany?
Answer: They began supporting the status quo.
Following the Nazi takeover in Germany, the Bezirk Saar of the SPD and the Saar branch of the KPD shifted their political stance, ceasing their opposition to the status quo and beginning to support it.
What was a key factor influencing voters in the 1935 Saar status plebiscite?
Answer: Hitler's perceived role as a bulwark against Bolshevism
A key factor influencing voters in the 1935 Saar status plebiscite was the perception of Hitler as a bulwark against Bolshevism, coupled with propaganda efforts and local Catholic support.
What percentage of the Saar population voted to rejoin the German Reich in the 1935 plebiscite?
Answer: 90.8%
In the 1935 plebiscite, 90.8% of the Saar population voted to rejoin the German Reich.
What was the primary motivation behind the Nazi regime's focus on the Saar plebiscite?
Answer: To gain propaganda advantages from the region's return
The Nazi regime's primary motivation for focusing on the Saar plebiscite was to leverage the region's return to Germany for significant propaganda advantages.
What was the voter participation rate in the January 13, 1935 plebiscite?
Answer: 98%
The voter participation rate in the January 13, 1935 plebiscite was 98%.
What was the primary reason cited for the 8.8% of the population voting to retain the status quo in the 1935 plebiscite?
Answer: Opposition to Nazi rule
The primary reason cited for the 8.8% voting to retain the status quo in the 1935 plebiscite was opposition to Nazi rule.
After the 1935 plebiscite, Adolf Hitler declared that Germany had no further territorial demands on Britain.
Answer: False
After the 1935 plebiscite, Adolf Hitler declared that Germany had no further territorial demands to make on France, not Britain.
The Nansen International Office for Refugees was responsible for settling Saar refugees in Brazil after 1935.
Answer: False
The Nansen International Office for Refugees was responsible for settling Saar refugees in Paraguay after 1935, not Brazil.
The Territory of the Saar Basin was officially reunited with Germany on January 17, 1935.
Answer: False
The Territory of the Saar Basin was officially reunited with Germany on March 1, 1935; January 17, 1935, was when the League Council approved the reunion.
Josef Bürckel was appointed as the Reich Commissioner for the reincorporation of the Saarland.
Answer: True
Josef Bürckel was appointed as the Reichskommissar für die Rückgliederung des Saarlandes, the Reich Commissioner for the reincorporation of the Saarland.
After the Saar's re-integration, opponents of Nazism and former collaborators were welcomed and celebrated.
Answer: False
After the Saar's re-integration into Germany, many opponents of Nazism and former collaborators were imprisoned, not welcomed or celebrated.
The administrative designation of Josef Bürckel's role changed to 'Reich Commissioner for the Saarland' on June 17, 1936.
Answer: True
Josef Bürckel's title evolved; after the re-incorporation was considered complete, it changed on June 17, 1936, to Reichskommissar für das Saarland, meaning 'Reich Commissioner for the Saarland'.
The region was renamed 'Saarpfalz' on April 8, 1940.
Answer: True
On April 8, 1940, the administrative region including the Saar was renamed 'Saarpfalz', signifying 'Saar-Palatinate', after incorporating parts of the Palatinate.
Willi Stöhr succeeded Josef Bürckel as Reich Commissioner, and the region ceased German administration in March 1945.
Answer: True
Willi Stöhr succeeded Josef Bürckel as Reich Commissioner. German administration of the region ceased on March 21, 1945, when it was conquered by U.S. Army troops.
Josef Bürckel's title changed to 'Reichskommissar für das Saarland' after the Saar's re-incorporation was considered complete.
Answer: True
Josef Bürckel's title changed to 'Reichskommissar für das Saarland' on June 17, 1936, after the Saar's re-incorporation was considered complete.
The region was renamed 'Saarpfalz' after incorporating Lothringen during World War II.
Answer: False
The region was renamed 'Saarpfalz' on April 8, 1940, signifying 'Saar-Palatinate'. The name 'Westmark' was adopted later, after incorporating Lothringen.
The region ceased to be under German administration when conquered by U.S. Army troops on March 21, 1945.
Answer: True
German administration of the region ceased on March 21, 1945, when it was conquered by U.S. Army troops.
What was Adolf Hitler's immediate declaration following the 1935 Saar plebiscite results?
Answer: Germany had no further territorial demands to make of France.
Following the overwhelming success of the 1935 Saar plebiscite, Adolf Hitler declared that Germany had no further territorial demands to make of France.
Which organization assisted in settling Saar refugees in Paraguay after 1935?
Answer: The Nansen International Office for Refugees
The Nansen International Office for Refugees played a role in settling Saar refugees in Paraguay after the 1935 plebiscite.
When did the Territory of the Saar Basin officially reunite with Germany?
Answer: March 1, 1935
The Territory of the Saar Basin officially reunited with Germany on March 1, 1935, following the approval of the League Council on January 17, 1935.
Who was appointed Reich Commissioner for the reincorporation of the Saarland into Germany?
Answer: Josef Bürckel
Josef Bürckel was appointed as the Reichskommissar für die Rückgliederung des Saarlandes, the Reich Commissioner for the reincorporation of the Saarland into Germany.
What happened to many opponents of Nazism who had sought refuge in the Saar after its re-integration into Germany?
Answer: They were imprisoned.
Following the Saar's re-integration into Germany, many opponents of Nazism who had sought refuge there, along with former officials, were imprisoned.
The administrative region including the Saar was renamed 'Saarpfalz' in April 1940. What did this name signify?
Answer: Saar-Palatinate
The renaming of the administrative region to 'Saarpfalz' in April 1940 signified the incorporation of the Palatinate region alongside the Saar, meaning 'Saar-Palatinate'.
What was the final name given to the administrative region that included the Saar after further territorial incorporations during World War II?
Answer: Westmark
After further territorial incorporations during World War II, the administrative region that included the Saar was finally named 'Westmark', signifying 'Western March' or 'Western Boundary'.
When did U.S. Army troops conquer the region, marking the end of German administration?
Answer: March 21, 1945
The region ceased to be under German administration when U.S. Army troops conquered it on March 21, 1945.
What was the significance of the name 'Westmark' adopted in March 1941?
Answer: It meant 'Western March' or 'Western Boundary'.
The name 'Westmark,' adopted in March 1941, signified 'Western March' or 'Western Boundary,' reflecting its strategic location within Nazi Germany's expanded administrative structure.
Who succeeded Josef Bürckel as Reich Commissioner in the Westmark?
Answer: Willi Stöhr
Willi Stöhr succeeded Josef Bürckel as Reich Commissioner in the Westmark.
After World War II, the Saar region became an independent republic.
Answer: False
After World War II, the Saar region became a French protectorate, not an independent republic.
The French protectorate over the Saar region ended following a referendum on October 23, 1955.
Answer: True
The French protectorate over the Saar region concluded after a referendum was held on October 23, 1955.
Saarland joined West Germany on January 1, 1957.
Answer: True
Saarland officially joined West Germany on January 1, 1957, marking the final stage of its post-war reunification process.
After World War II, the Saar region was administered by a British protectorate.
Answer: False
After World War II, the Saar region was administered as a French protectorate, not a British one.
What was the status of the Saar region immediately following World War II?
Answer: A French protectorate
Immediately following World War II, the Saar region was established as a French protectorate, with borders similar to the original Territory of the Saar Basin.
What event led to the termination of the French protectorate over the Saar region?
Answer: A referendum held on October 23, 1955
The termination of the French protectorate over the Saar region was precipitated by a referendum held on October 23, 1955.
When did Saarland officially join West Germany?
Answer: January 1, 1957
Saarland officially joined West Germany on January 1, 1957, marking the final stage of its post-war reunification process.
What event marked the end of the French protectorate over the Saar region after World War II?
Answer: A referendum held on October 23, 1955
The end of the French protectorate over the Saar region after World War II was marked by a referendum held on October 23, 1955.