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Total Categories: 5
The University Ranking by Academic Performance (URAP) system was developed by the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI).
Answer: False
The URAP system was developed by the Informatics Institute of Middle East Technical University, not the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI).
URAP has been publishing annual national and global rankings since 2010.
Answer: True
The URAP system commenced its publication of annual national and global rankings for higher education institutions in 2010.
The acronym 'URAP' stands for University Research Assessment Program.
Answer: False
The acronym 'URAP' stands for University Ranking by Academic Performance.
The Informatics Institute of Middle East Technical University is responsible for developing URAP.
Answer: True
The development of the University Ranking by Academic Performance (URAP) system is attributed to the Informatics Institute of Middle East Technical University.
Who developed the University Ranking by Academic Performance (URAP) system?
Answer: The Informatics Institute of Middle East Technical University
The University Ranking by Academic Performance (URAP) system was developed by the Informatics Institute of Middle East Technical University.
The URAP ranking system began publishing its annual rankings in which year?
Answer: 2010
The URAP ranking system commenced its annual publication of national and global rankings in the year 2010.
The 'Number of Articles' indicator has a weight of 21% in URAP's global ranking.
Answer: True
The 'Number of Articles' indicator, reflecting current scientific productivity, is assigned a weight of 21% in the URAP global ranking methodology.
URAP measures research impact primarily through the 'Total Documents' indicator.
Answer: False
URAP measures research impact primarily through the 'Citation' indicator, not 'Total Documents'. 'Total Documents' is related to scientific continuity.
The 'Citation' indicator, used for measuring research impact, accounts for 21% of the overall URAP global score.
Answer: True
The 'Citation' indicator, which measures research impact, is assigned a weight of 21% in the URAP global ranking.
The 'Total Documents' indicator assesses the sustainability of an institution's scientific output.
Answer: True
The 'Total Documents' indicator is indeed used to assess the sustainability and continuity of an institution's scientific output.
Article Impact Total (AIT) is calculated by summing the number of publications across all fields without adjustment.
Answer: False
Article Impact Total (AIT) is calculated by summing citations adjusted by the institution's Citation Per Publication (CPP) ratio relative to the world average across 23 subject areas, not by simply summing publications without adjustment.
The 'Article Impact Total (AIT)' indicator contributes 18% to the overall URAP ranking.
Answer: True
The 'Article Impact Total (AIT)' indicator is assigned a weight of 18% in the overall URAP global ranking.
Citation Impact Total (CIT) normalizes an institution's CPP against the world's CPP within 23 subject areas and accounts for 15% of the score.
Answer: True
Citation Impact Total (CIT) normalizes an institution's Citation Per Publication (CPP) against the world's average CPP across 23 subject areas and contributes 15% to the overall URAP score.
The 'International Collaboration' indicator measures the number of domestic partnerships a university has.
Answer: False
The 'International Collaboration' indicator measures the extent of collaboration with foreign institutions, reflecting global acceptance, not domestic partnerships.
International Collaboration contributes 15% to the overall URAP global ranking.
Answer: True
The 'International Collaboration' indicator is assigned a weight of 15% in the overall URAP global ranking.
Indicator weights in URAP are determined through expert consensus using a Delphi system.
Answer: True
The weighting of indicators within the URAP system is established through expert consensus via a Delphi system.
The 'Article Impact Total (AIT)' indicator aims to measure research quality by comparing an institution's impact to the world's average.
Answer: True
The 'Article Impact Total (AIT)' indicator is designed to measure research quality by comparing an institution's publication impact against the global average within relevant fields.
The 'Citation Impact Total (CIT)' indicator assesses research output based on the total number of documents published.
Answer: False
The 'Citation Impact Total (CIT)' indicator assesses research impact by normalizing citation data against the world average, not by assessing research output based on the total number of documents.
The 'International Collaboration' indicator measures the number of joint research projects conducted within the university's home country.
Answer: False
The 'International Collaboration' indicator focuses on collaborations with foreign institutions, reflecting global engagement, rather than domestic research projects.
The 'Number of Articles' indicator is intended to measure an institution's long-term research sustainability.
Answer: False
The 'Number of Articles' indicator is primarily intended to measure current scientific productivity, whereas 'Total Documents' is related to long-term research sustainability.
The 'Citation' indicator's stated purpose is to measure research impact.
Answer: True
The stated purpose of the 'Citation' indicator within the URAP framework is to measure the research impact of an institution.
The 'International Collaboration' indicator aims to measure an institution's domestic research partnerships.
Answer: False
The 'International Collaboration' indicator is designed to measure an institution's global acceptance and collaborations with foreign entities, not its domestic partnerships.
The median is used by URAP to normalize bibliometric data, preventing extreme values from overly influencing the ranking.
Answer: True
URAP employs the median value for bibliometric data normalization, a statistical approach designed to mitigate the disproportionate impact of extreme values on the final rankings.
URAP's global rankings include indicators related to student quality and teaching effectiveness.
Answer: False
URAP's global rankings specifically exclude indicators related to student quality and teaching effectiveness, focusing solely on research performance.
The 'Total Documents' indicator, representing scientific continuity, accounts for 10% of the overall URAP score.
Answer: True
The 'Total Documents' indicator, which reflects scientific continuity, is assigned a weight of 10% in the overall URAP global ranking.
The Delphi system involves a group of experts to determine the consensus on indicator weights for URAP.
Answer: True
The Delphi system is employed by URAP to achieve expert consensus on the appropriate weights for its various ranking indicators.
What is the primary methodology URAP uses to evaluate universities?
Answer: Employing scientometrics to measure academic performance
URAP primarily employs scientometrics, the quantitative study of scientific publications, to evaluate and rank universities based on their academic performance.
Which indicator measures current scientific productivity and carries a weight of 21% in URAP's global ranking?
Answer: Number of Articles
The 'Number of Articles' indicator, reflecting current scientific productivity, is assigned a weight of 21% in the URAP global ranking.
What does the 'Citation' indicator in URAP primarily measure?
Answer: The total number of citations received by an institution's publications
The 'Citation' indicator in URAP primarily measures research impact by quantifying the total number of citations received by an institution's published works.
Which indicator accounts for 10% of the URAP score and reflects the continuity of scientific output?
Answer: Total Documents
The 'Total Documents' indicator, accounting for 10% of the URAP score, reflects the continuity and sustainability of an institution's scientific output.
How is the Article Impact Total (AIT) indicator calculated?
Answer: By summing citations adjusted by the institution's CPP relative to the world average across 23 fields.
The Article Impact Total (AIT) is calculated by summing the institution's publications in each field, multiplied by a factor representing its Citation Per Publication (CPP) ratio relative to the world average CPP within that field, across 23 subject areas.
What is the weight assigned to the 'Citation Impact Total (CIT)' indicator?
Answer: 15%
The 'Citation Impact Total (CIT)' indicator is assigned a weight of 15% in the overall URAP global ranking.
The 'International Collaboration' indicator aims to assess:
Answer: The university's global acceptance and foreign collaborations.
The 'International Collaboration' indicator is designed to assess a university's global acceptance by evaluating the extent of its collaborations with foreign institutions.
How does URAP address the issue of skewed bibliometric data?
Answer: By using the median value of the indicators.
URAP addresses the issue of skewed bibliometric data by utilizing the median value for normalization, which is less sensitive to extreme outliers than the mean.
What method is used to determine the weights for URAP's ranking indicators?
Answer: A Delphi system involving expert consensus
The weights assigned to URAP's ranking indicators are determined through a Delphi system, which relies on achieving consensus among a panel of experts.
What is the stated objective of the 'Article Impact Total (AIT)' indicator?
Answer: To assess research impact relative to the global average.
The stated objective of the 'Article Impact Total (AIT)' indicator is to assess research quality by comparing an institution's publication impact against the global average within specific fields.
For Turkish university rankings, URAP utilizes data from the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) exclusively.
Answer: False
While URAP utilizes data from the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) for global rankings, its rankings for Turkish universities also incorporate data from the Center of Measuring, Selection and Placement (ÖSYM) concerning student and faculty numbers.
URAP typically gathers data from around 2,500 Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) to determine its rankings.
Answer: True
URAP collects data from approximately 2,500 Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) that demonstrate significant publication output, from which the top 2,000 are included in the published rankings.
The top 400 institutions are included in the published URAP rankings.
Answer: False
URAP publishes rankings for up to 2,000 institutions, which is considerably broader than rankings that may limit their scope to the top 400 or 500.
URAP covers a smaller number of institutions compared to ARWU, THE, and QS rankings.
Answer: False
URAP covers a considerably larger number of institutions, typically up to 2,000, compared to ARWU, THE, and QS, which generally rank fewer institutions.
The Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities is mentioned as a system that includes teaching indicators.
Answer: False
The Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities, like URAP, focuses solely on academic performance and does not typically include teaching indicators.
The 'University Rankings' navbox provides links to various university assessment systems.
Answer: True
The 'University Rankings' navigation box serves as a resource, offering links to a variety of university assessment systems for further exploration.
Data for 'Number of Articles', 'Citation', and 'Total Documents' indicators are sourced from Web of Science.
Answer: True
The data for the 'Number of Articles', 'Citation', and 'Total Documents' indicators used in URAP rankings are sourced from InCites, which is part of the Institute for Scientific Information's offerings, accessible via Web of Science.
The provided table includes URAP global rankings from 2014-15 up to 2021-22.
Answer: True
The data presented covers URAP global rankings for the academic years spanning from 2014-15 through to 2021-22.
The CWTS Leiden Ranking is mentioned as a system that, like URAP, focuses solely on academic performance.
Answer: True
The CWTS Leiden Ranking is cited as another ranking system that, like URAP, concentrates exclusively on the measurement of academic performance.
The University of Gothenburg report questioned the reliability of URAP's extensive list of 2000 ranked universities.
Answer: True
A report from the University of Gothenburg highlighted concerns regarding the reliability of ranking such a large number of institutions (2000) without explicit commentary on potential limitations, unlike other ranking producers.
URAP uses data from ÖSYM for global rankings but not for Turkish rankings.
Answer: False
URAP utilizes data from ÖSYM specifically for its Turkish university rankings, not for its global rankings.
Which of the following is NOT a primary data source for URAP's global rankings?
Answer: Student enrollment data from ÖSYM
Student enrollment data from ÖSYM is used for Turkish rankings, not primary global rankings. Global rankings rely on data from sources like Web of Science and InCites, provided by the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI).
How many institutions are typically included in the published URAP rankings?
Answer: Up to 2,000
URAP typically includes up to 2,000 institutions in its published rankings, drawing from a pool of approximately 2,500 HEIs with significant publication records.
Compared to ARWU, THE, and QS, URAP's institutional coverage is:
Answer: Considerably broader, ranking up to 2,000 institutions.
URAP's institutional coverage is considerably broader than ARWU, THE, and QS, as it ranks up to 2,000 institutions, whereas the others typically cover fewer.
Which of the following ranking systems is mentioned as *also* solely measuring academic performance, similar to URAP?
Answer: CWTS Leiden Ranking
The CWTS Leiden Ranking is mentioned as another system that, like URAP, focuses exclusively on measuring academic performance.
The URAP system bases its scientometric measurements primarily on data from:
Answer: Web of Science and InCites
The URAP system derives its scientometric measurements primarily from data obtained through Web of Science and InCites, provided by the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI).
URAP's primary focus is on assessing the teaching quality and student satisfaction of universities.
Answer: False
URAP's primary focus is on assessing academic performance through scientometric measures, rather than teaching quality or student satisfaction.
URAP uses the mean of bibliometric data to handle skewed distributions.
Answer: False
URAP utilizes the median, not the mean, of bibliometric data to address skewed distributions and mitigate the influence of extreme values.
URAP excludes teaching indicators, focusing solely on research performance.
Answer: True
URAP's global rankings indeed exclude teaching indicators, concentrating exclusively on research performance metrics.
A major criticism of URAP is that its indicators are size-dependent, favoring larger institutions.
Answer: True
A significant criticism leveled against URAP is that its indicators are size-dependent, potentially conferring an advantage to larger institutions.
URAP's rankings are noted for giving significant weight to arts and humanities research.
Answer: False
URAP's methodology is criticized for potentially under-representing or excluding research from fields such as arts and humanities, rather than giving it significant weight.
The lack of field-normalization in URAP means it doesn't account for differences in publication practices across disciplines.
Answer: True
The absence of field-normalization in URAP's methodology is a point of criticism, as it fails to account for variations in publication and citation rates across different academic disciplines.
URAP is criticized for primarily ranking research-oriented institutions due to its focus on bibliometrics.
Answer: True
Due to its emphasis on bibliometric indicators and exclusion of teaching metrics, URAP is criticized for primarily ranking institutions based on their research output.
URAP's stated purpose for ranking 2000 universities is to focus only on the elite Western institutions.
Answer: False
URAP's stated purpose for ranking 2000 universities is to provide a broader global perspective, including institutions beyond the traditional Western elite.
URAP's exclusion of books and arts/humanities research is criticized for providing a complete picture of academic performance.
Answer: False
The exclusion of books and arts/humanities research is criticized precisely because it provides an incomplete picture of academic performance, potentially disadvantaging institutions strong in these areas.
URAP does not account for differences in publication rates between fields like medicine and humanities.
Answer: True
A key criticism is that URAP's methodology lacks field-normalization, thus failing to account for inherent differences in publication and citation rates across disciplines such as medicine and humanities.
URAP's methodology is criticized for potentially over-representing fields with naturally lower citation rates.
Answer: False
The criticism is that URAP's lack of field-normalization may lead to over-representation of fields with naturally higher citation rates, not lower ones.
What is a key criticism regarding URAP's indicators being 'size-dependent'?
Answer: It inherently biases the ranking towards larger institutions with more resources.
The criticism of URAP's size-dependent indicators is that they inherently favor larger institutions, potentially providing them with an advantage due to greater resources, irrespective of relative performance.
Which academic fields are noted as being under-represented or excluded in URAP's rankings?
Answer: Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences
URAP's methodology is criticized for under-representing or excluding research from fields such as Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences, potentially skewing results towards science-heavy disciplines.
Why is URAP criticized for its focus on research indicators?
Answer: It may not accurately reflect the overall mission of universities strong in teaching.
By excluding teaching indicators, URAP's focus on research may not accurately represent the comprehensive mission and strengths of universities that excel in teaching.
What is a primary criticism regarding URAP's exclusion of books and research from arts and humanities?
Answer: It provides an incomplete picture of academic performance.
The exclusion of books and arts/humanities research is criticized because it results in an incomplete representation of an institution's overall academic performance.
URAP's rankings for Turkish universities only consider research output metrics.
Answer: False
URAP's rankings for Turkish universities incorporate additional metrics beyond research output, such as student and faculty numbers, which are not typically used in global rankings.
Harvard University has consistently ranked first in URAP global rankings from 2014-15 to 2021-22.
Answer: True
Harvard University has maintained the top position in the URAP global rankings throughout the period from the 2014-15 academic year to the 2021-22 academic year.
The University of Toronto has consistently ranked third in the URAP global rankings during the period 2014-15 to 2021-22.
Answer: False
The University of Toronto has consistently held the second position in the URAP global rankings during the specified period, not third.
The University of Paris-Saclay ranked 13th in the URAP global rankings for 2021-22.
Answer: True
In the URAP global rankings for the 2021-22 academic year, the University of Paris-Saclay achieved a rank of 13th.
Sorbonne University was ranked 18th in the URAP global rankings for the 2021-22 academic year.
Answer: True
In the 2021-22 URAP global rankings, Sorbonne University was positioned at 18th place.
Which of the following indicators is used for ranking Turkish universities but NOT typically for global rankings?
Answer: Number of Students
While global rankings focus on research metrics, URAP's rankings for Turkish universities incorporate additional indicators such as the number of students and faculty members.
According to the provided data, which university consistently held the top spot in URAP global rankings from 2014-15 to 2021-22?
Answer: Harvard University
Harvard University has consistently occupied the first position in the URAP global rankings for the academic years spanning 2014-15 through 2021-22.
Which French university ranked 13th in the URAP global rankings for 2021-22?
Answer: University of Paris-Saclay
The University of Paris-Saclay achieved a rank of 13th in the URAP global rankings for the 2021-22 academic year.
The University of Toronto consistently held which position in the URAP global rankings between 2014-15 and 2021-22?
Answer: Second
The University of Toronto consistently maintained the second position in the URAP global rankings during the period from 2014-15 to 2021-22.
What is the main difference between URAP's global rankings and its rankings specifically for Turkey?
Answer: Turkish rankings incorporate student and faculty numbers, unlike global rankings.
The primary distinction is that URAP's Turkish rankings incorporate additional indicators such as student and faculty numbers, which are not typically included in its global rankings that focus on research output.