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Within a competitive context, an upset is characterized by the defeat of a favored participant by an underdog.
Answer: False
The definition of an upset is precisely the inverse: it occurs when an underdog defeats a favored participant, thereby defying expectations.
The domains of electoral politics and competitive sports are identified as arenas where upsets occur with the highest frequency.
Answer: True
The provided material indicates that electoral politics and sports are the primary contexts in which upsets are most commonly observed.
The term 'Cinderella' in sports refers to a favored team that unexpectedly loses early in a competition.
Answer: False
This statement is false. The term 'Cinderella' in sports refers to an underdog team or individual achieving unexpected success, often by advancing far into a competition against favored opponents.
According to the provided material, what is the fundamental definition of an 'upset' within a competitive context?
Answer: A situation where an underdog defeats a participant widely expected to win.
An upset is fundamentally defined as a scenario wherein an underdog achieves victory over a participant who was widely anticipated to win, thereby subverting expectations.
Within which two primary domains are upsets most frequently observed, as indicated by the source material?
Answer: Electoral politics and sports
The text explicitly states that electoral politics and competitive sports are the arenas where upsets are most frequently documented.
In the context of sports, what does the term 'Cinderella' signify, as referenced in the provided material?
Answer: An underdog team or individual achieving unexpected success.
The term 'Cinderella' in sports refers to an underdog participant or team that achieves unexpected success, often advancing significantly in a competition against favored opponents.
The historical connotation of 'upset,' referring to the overturning of ideas or plans, bears no relation to its contemporary application in competitive contexts.
Answer: False
This statement is false. The historical meaning of 'upset' as 'to overthrow or overturn' is considered a likely contributor to its modern usage in describing unexpected competitive outcomes.
A direct etymological connection exists between the term 'upset' as applied to horse bridles and its modern definition within competitive scenarios.
Answer: False
This statement is false. While 'upset' historically referred to a part of a horse's bridle and was used in horse racing, there is no direct etymological link established between that specific meaning and the broader modern competitive definition.
The noun 'upset,' when used in a competitive context, has documented usage dating back to the late 19th century.
Answer: True
Linguistic analysis indicates that the noun 'upset,' in a sense relevant to its competitive meaning, was in use as early as 1877.
Which historical semantic meaning of the term 'upset' is posited as a potential precursor to its contemporary usage in competitive contexts?
Answer: To overthrow or overturn ideas, plans, etc.
The historical meaning of 'upset' as 'to overthrow or overturn ideas, plans, etc.' is suggested as a contributing factor to its modern application in describing unexpected competitive outcomes.
According to historical linguistic analysis, by what approximate period was the noun 'upset' first documented in a usage pertinent to its modern competitive connotation?
Answer: As early as 1877
Research into the etymology of 'upset' indicates that the noun form, in a context relevant to its competitive meaning, has been documented as early as 1877.
Leicester City F.C.'s 2015-16 Premier League title win is cited as a significant upset.
Answer: True
Leicester City's championship victory in the 2015-16 Premier League season, achieved as 5000/1 underdogs, is widely regarded as one of the most remarkable upsets in football history.
The 2004 NBA Finals saw the Los Angeles Lakers defeat the Detroit Pistons, which was considered an upset.
Answer: False
This statement is false. The 2004 NBA Finals were considered an upset because the Detroit Pistons, the underdogs, defeated the heavily favored Los Angeles Lakers.
Super Bowl III is considered an upset because the heavily favored Baltimore Colts defeated the New York Jets.
Answer: False
This statement is false. Super Bowl III was considered an upset precisely because the underdog New York Jets defeated the heavily favored Baltimore Colts.
The 2007 college football game between Appalachian State and Michigan is notable because Michigan, the lower-division team, upset the ranked Appalachian State.
Answer: False
This statement is false. The upset occurred when Appalachian State, the lower-division team, defeated the ranked Michigan Wolverines.
Howard University's 2007 football victory over UNLV is recognized as the most significant upset in modern college football history, when assessed by the point spread.
Answer: True
This assertion is accurate; Howard University, an FCS team and a substantial underdog, defeated UNLV, marking the largest upset in recent college football history based on the betting point spread.
The English FA Cup competition has historically featured 'giant-killing' upsets, where teams from lower divisions such as the National League and Conference Premier have defeated Premier League clubs.
Answer: True
The FA Cup is renowned for such upsets, with numerous instances of lower-division teams overcoming top-tier Premier League sides, exemplifying the 'giant-killing' phenomenon.
In the 1906 World Series, the dominant Chicago Cubs were defeated by the underdog Chicago White Sox.
Answer: True
The 1906 World Series indeed saw the underdog Chicago White Sox defeat the dominant Chicago Cubs, marking what is considered the greatest upset in MLB history.
Villanova's 1985 NCAA championship win is significant because they were the highest-seeded team to win the tournament.
Answer: False
This statement is false. Villanova's 1985 NCAA championship win is significant because they were the lowest-seeded team (Number 8) to ever win the tournament, defeating the top-seeded Georgetown Hoyas.
The 1998 NCAA women's basketball tournament saw Number 1 seed Harvard upset Number 16 seed Stanford.
Answer: False
This statement is false. In the 1998 NCAA women's tournament, Number 16 seed Harvard upset Number 1 seed Stanford, marking a historic first for a 16th seed.
In the 2018 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament, UMBC became the first 16th seed to defeat a 1st seed.
Answer: True
This statement is accurate. UMBC's victory over Virginia in 2018 marked a historic first in the NCAA tournament, as no 16th seed had previously overcome a 1st seed.
The 2020 NBA Playoffs saw the Denver Nuggets, heavily favored, lose their series lead to the Los Angeles Clippers.
Answer: False
This statement is false. In the 2020 NBA Playoffs, it was the heavily favored Los Angeles Clippers who lost their series lead to the Denver Nuggets.
The Miami Heat, as an eighth seed, defeated the top-seeded Milwaukee Bucks in the 2023 NBA Playoffs.
Answer: True
This is accurate. The eighth-seeded Miami Heat achieved a significant upset by defeating the top-seeded Milwaukee Bucks in the first round of the 2023 NBA Playoffs.
In the 1983 Cricket World Cup final, India defeated the West Indies, who were the defending champions.
Answer: True
This statement is correct. India achieved a major upset by defeating the formidable West Indies, who were the defending champions, in the 1983 Cricket World Cup final.
The 'Miracle on Ice' refers to the 1980 Winter Olympics game where the Soviet Union team defeated the underdog United States.
Answer: False
This statement is false. The 'Miracle on Ice' refers to the 1980 Winter Olympics game where the underdog United States team defeated the dominant Soviet Union team.
The 2019 Stanley Cup playoffs saw the Columbus Blue Jackets sweep the Presidents' Trophy-winning Tampa Bay Lightning in the first round.
Answer: True
This is accurate. The Columbus Blue Jackets' first-round sweep of the Presidents' Trophy-winning Tampa Bay Lightning in the 2019 Stanley Cup playoffs is considered a major upset.
The 2023 Stanley Cup playoffs featured the Florida Panthers, a record-setting regular season team, being upset by the lower-ranked Columbus Blue Jackets.
Answer: False
This statement is false. In the 2023 Stanley Cup playoffs, it was the Boston Bruins, a record-setting regular season team, who were upset by the Florida Panthers. The Columbus Blue Jackets were involved in a different upset in 2019.
Buster Douglas, a significant underdog, defeated Mike Tyson in a boxing match, marking Tyson's first professional defeat.
Answer: True
This statement accurately reflects the outcome of the bout, where Buster Douglas achieved a monumental upset by defeating Mike Tyson, who had been undefeated prior to this match.
The 2004 NBA Finals upset involved the Detroit Pistons defeating the heavily favored Los Angeles Lakers.
Answer: True
This is accurate. The 2004 NBA Finals were marked by an upset where the Detroit Pistons defeated the heavily favored Los Angeles Lakers.
The 1985 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament saw the Number 1 overall seed Georgetown Hoyas defeat the Number 8 seed Villanova Wildcats.
Answer: False
This statement is false. In the 1985 NCAA Tournament, the Number 8 seed Villanova Wildcats defeated the Number 1 overall seed Georgetown Hoyas, constituting a major upset.
The 2018 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament saw UMBC defeat Virginia, marking the first time a 16th seed beat a 1st seed.
Answer: True
This statement is accurate. UMBC's victory over Virginia in 2018 marked a historic first in the NCAA tournament, as no 16th seed had previously overcome a 1st seed.
The 2023 NBA Playoffs saw the eighth-seeded Miami Heat defeat the top-seeded Milwaukee Bucks.
Answer: True
This is accurate. The eighth-seeded Miami Heat achieved a significant upset by defeating the top-seeded Milwaukee Bucks in the first round of the 2023 NBA Playoffs.
The 'Miracle on Ice' involved the United States team defeating the Soviet Union team in the 1980 Winter Olympics.
Answer: True
The 'Miracle on Ice' refers to the 1980 Winter Olympics ice hockey game where the underdog United States team defeated the dominant Soviet Union team.
The 2019 Stanley Cup playoffs saw the Columbus Blue Jackets upset the Presidents' Trophy-winning Tampa Bay Lightning.
Answer: True
This is accurate. The Columbus Blue Jackets' first-round sweep of the Presidents' Trophy-winning Tampa Bay Lightning in the 2019 Stanley Cup playoffs is considered a major upset.
Buster Douglas was the heavy favorite in his boxing match against Mike Tyson.
Answer: False
This statement is false. Buster Douglas was the significant underdog in his boxing match against Mike Tyson, who was the heavy favorite.
Which of the following sporting events is cited as a major upset in the 2015-16 Premier League season?
Answer: Leicester City F.C. winning the championship as 5000/1 underdogs.
Leicester City's championship victory in the 2015-16 Premier League season, achieved as 5000/1 underdogs, is widely regarded as one of the most remarkable upsets in football history.
What made the 2004 NBA Finals victory by the Detroit Pistons a significant upset?
Answer: They were considered underdogs without any NBA All-Stars against the heavily favored Lakers.
The 2004 Detroit Pistons, considered underdogs without prominent All-Stars, defeated the heavily favored Los Angeles Lakers, marking a significant upset in the NBA Finals.
Why is Super Bowl III considered a major upset in the text?
Answer: The Baltimore Colts, considered a powerhouse, lost to the underdog New York Jets.
Super Bowl III is recognized as a significant upset because the heavily favored Baltimore Colts were defeated by the New York Jets, who were considered underdogs.
What was unique about the 2007 college football game between Appalachian State and Michigan?
Answer: Appalachian State, a lower-division team, defeated the Number 5 ranked Michigan Wolverines.
The Appalachian State Mountaineers, a lower-division team, achieved a historic upset by defeating the Number 5 ranked Michigan Wolverines, marking a significant event in college football.
Which of the following FA Cup matches is mentioned as a 'giant-killing' upset?
Answer: A lower-league team like Lincoln City defeating a Premier League side like Burnley.
The text highlights instances of 'giant-killing' in the FA Cup, including lower-league teams like Lincoln City defeating Premier League sides such as Burnley.
What made the 1906 World Series a significant baseball upset?
Answer: The dominant Chicago Cubs were defeated by the underdog Chicago White Sox.
The 1906 World Series represented a significant upset as the underdog Chicago White Sox defeated the dominant Chicago Cubs, who had achieved a record-breaking winning percentage.
In the 1985 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament, who did Villanova (the lowest seed to win the championship) defeat in the final?
Answer: The defending national champion and Number 1 overall seed Georgetown Hoyas
Villanova, the lowest seed to win the championship, defeated the defending national champion and Number 1 overall seed Georgetown Hoyas in the 1985 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament final.
What historic achievement occurred in the 2018 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament involving UMBC and Virginia?
Answer: UMBC became the first 16th seed to defeat a 1st seed.
In the 2018 NCAA Tournament, UMBC achieved a historic first by becoming the first 16th seed to defeat a 1st seed (Virginia).
Which NBA playoff series in 2020 is described as a significant upset where a favored team lost its lead?
Answer: Los Angeles Clippers vs. Denver Nuggets, where the Clippers lost a 3-1 lead.
The 2020 NBA Playoffs series between the Los Angeles Clippers and the Denver Nuggets is described as a significant upset, wherein the favored Clippers lost their 3-1 series lead to the Nuggets.
In the 1983 Cricket World Cup final, who did India defeat to win the championship?
Answer: The defending champions, the West Indies.
In the 1983 Cricket World Cup final, India achieved a major upset by defeating the formidable West Indies, who were the defending champions.
The 'Miracle on Ice' in the 1980 Winter Olympics involved which two teams?
Answer: United States vs. Soviet Union
The 'Miracle on Ice' refers to the 1980 Winter Olympics ice hockey game where the United States team defeated the Soviet Union team.
What was the biggest upset in Stanley Cup playoff history, according to the text?
Answer: The Columbus Blue Jackets sweeping the Presidents' Trophy-winning Tampa Bay Lightning in the first round.
The text specifically cites the 2019 first-round series where the Columbus Blue Jackets swept the Presidents' Trophy-winning Tampa Bay Lightning as the most significant upset in Stanley Cup playoff history.
What was the outcome of the boxing match between Mike Tyson and Buster Douglas?
Answer: Buster Douglas defeated Mike Tyson, marking Tyson's first professional defeat.
In a significant upset, Buster Douglas defeated the undisputed heavyweight champion Mike Tyson, marking the first loss of Tyson's professional career.
Javier Milei's victory in the 2023 Argentine primary elections was expected, as polls consistently showed him leading.
Answer: False
This statement is false. Javier Milei's victory was unexpected, defying opinion polls that had predicted a different leading candidate.
The ruling Liberal-National Coalition's victory in the 2019 Australian federal election was predicted by most opinion polls.
Answer: False
This statement is false. The Liberal-National Coalition's victory defied most opinion polls, which had indicated a lead for the opposition Labor Party.
In the 2015 Queensland state election, the Liberal National Party (LNP) unexpectedly returned to power after a landslide victory in the previous election.
Answer: False
This statement is false. The Labor Party unexpectedly returned to power in Queensland in 2015, defeating the LNP, which had won the previous election by a landslide.
The 2016 Gambian presidential election saw the long-standing president Yahya Jammeh lose to opposition candidate Adama Barrow.
Answer: True
This is accurate. The 2016 Gambian presidential election resulted in an unexpected defeat for incumbent President Yahya Jammeh at the hands of opposition candidate Adama Barrow.
The 2004 Indian general election resulted in the expected victory of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).
Answer: False
This statement is false. The 2004 Indian general election resulted in an unexpected outcome where the Indian National Congress ousted the incumbent Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) government.
In the 2020 Irish general election, Fianna Fáil secured the highest vote share, continuing its historical dominance.
Answer: False
This statement is false. Sinn Féin secured the highest vote share in the 2020 Irish general election, which was a surprise and broke the historical dominance of Fianna Fáil and Fine Gael.
Benjamin Netanyahu's victory in the 1996 Israeli prime ministerial election was expected, as he led in opinion polls and exit polls.
Answer: False
This statement is false. Benjamin Netanyahu's victory in the 1996 Israeli prime ministerial election was considered an upset because his opponent, Shimon Peres, had been leading in opinion polls and exit polls.
The 2018 Malaysian general election saw the opposition Pakatan Harapan coalition end the 61-year rule of the Barisan Nasional coalition.
Answer: True
This is accurate. The 2018 Malaysian general election marked a historic political shift, with the opposition Pakatan Harapan coalition ending the 61-year dominance of the Barisan Nasional coalition.
The 2023 Dutch general election results, which saw the Party for Freedom (PVV) become the largest party, were considered a minor surprise.
Answer: False
This statement is false. The 2023 Dutch general election results, with the Party for Freedom (PVV) becoming the largest party, were described as a major political upset, not a minor one.
In the 2024 Pakistani general election, candidates affiliated with Imran Khan's PTI party unexpectedly emerged as the largest group on election night.
Answer: True
This is accurate. Despite facing significant limitations, candidates affiliated with Imran Khan's PTI party emerged as the largest bloc in the 2024 Pakistani general election, an outcome considered highly unexpected.
Jejomar Binay's victory in the 2010 Philippine vice-presidential election was expected, as he was the establishment favorite.
Answer: False
This statement is false. Jejomar Binay's victory in the 2010 Philippine vice-presidential election was considered a notable upset, as he defeated Mar Roxas, who was the establishment favorite.
Joseph Estrada, the incumbent Manila mayor, won his re-election bid decisively in 2019.
Answer: False
This statement is false. Joseph Estrada, the incumbent Manila mayor, lost his re-election bid decisively to Isko Moreno in 2019, marking a significant upset.
Andrzej Duda's win in the 2015 Polish presidential election was an upset because he defeated the incumbent who was leading in polls.
Answer: True
This is accurate. Andrzej Duda's victory in the 2015 Polish presidential election was an upset, as he defeated the incumbent Bronisław Komorowski, who had been leading in pre-election polls.
Calin Georgescu, a far-right independent, was considered the front-runner from the start in the 2024 Romanian presidential election's first round.
Answer: False
This statement is false. Calin Georgescu was initially viewed as a minor candidate but achieved a relative majority in the first round, becoming a front-runner unexpectedly.
Tomislav Nikolić's victory in the 2012 Serbian presidential election was not surprising, as he had defeated Boris Tadić in previous elections.
Answer: False
This statement is false. Tomislav Nikolić's victory in the 2012 Serbian presidential election was an upset because he had lost to Boris Tadić in two prior elections.
Maithripala Sirisena's victory in the 2015 Sri Lankan presidential election was expected, as the incumbent president was seeking re-election after two terms.
Answer: False
This statement is false. Maithripala Sirisena's victory over incumbent President Mahinda Rajapaksa in the 2015 Sri Lankan presidential election was a significant upset.
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan's victory in the 2023 Turkish general election was widely predicted by opinion polls and media.
Answer: False
This statement is false. Recep Tayyip Erdoğan's victory in the 2023 Turkish general election defied many opinion polls and media predictions suggesting he was likely to lose.
The 1945 United Kingdom general election saw Winston Churchill's Conservative Party win a landslide victory.
Answer: False
This statement is false. The 1945 United Kingdom general election resulted in a surprising landslide victory for the Labour Party, led by Clement Attlee, defeating Winston Churchill's Conservative Party.
In the 2017 United Kingdom general election, the ruling Conservative Party maintained its absolute majority as predicted by polls.
Answer: False
This statement is false. The ruling Conservative Party lost its absolute majority in the 2017 UK general election, an outcome contrary to poll predictions.
The famous headline 'Dewey Defeats Truman' accurately reflected the outcome of the 1948 U.S. presidential election.
Answer: False
This statement is false. The famous headline 'Dewey Defeats Truman' was published prematurely and inaccurately, as incumbent Harry Truman achieved an unexpected victory over Thomas E. Dewey.
Donald Trump's election as president in 2016 was considered a major upset because Hillary Clinton was leading in most polls.
Answer: True
This is accurate. Donald Trump's election in 2016 was widely considered a major upset, as Hillary Clinton had been leading in most national and state-level opinion polls.
In the 1991 Pennsylvania Senate special election, Dick Thornburgh, who was leading significantly, lost to Democrat Harris Wofford.
Answer: True
This statement is accurate. Dick Thornburgh, who had a substantial lead in polls, lost to Democrat Harris Wofford in the 1991 Pennsylvania Senate special election, marking a significant upset.
The 2024 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania saw incumbent Bob Casey Jr. win re-election against Dave McCormick.
Answer: False
This statement is false. In the 2024 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania, incumbent Bob Casey Jr. lost his re-election bid to Dave McCormick, which was considered an upset.
Which candidate unexpectedly emerged as the most voted in the 2023 Argentine primary elections, defying polls?
Answer: Javier Milei
Javier Milei, a right-wing candidate, unexpectedly emerged as the most voted candidate in the 2023 Argentine primary elections, defying opinion polls.
What was the surprising outcome of the 2015 Queensland state election in Australia?
Answer: The Labor Party returned to power, forming a minority government.
The Labor Party's return to power, forming a minority government, was surprising given the Liberal National Party's (LNP) landslide victory in the preceding election.
In the 2016 Gambian presidential election, who unexpectedly defeated the long-standing president Yahya Jammeh?
Answer: Opposition candidate Adama Barrow.
Opposition candidate Adama Barrow unexpectedly defeated the long-standing president Yahya Jammeh in the 2016 Gambian presidential election.
What was the surprising result of the 2004 Indian general election?
Answer: The Indian National Congress ousted the incumbent BJP government.
Contrary to predictions favoring the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), the Indian National Congress secured victory, leading to a significant political upset.
Which party secured the highest vote share in the 2020 Irish general election, causing a surprise?
Answer: Sinn Féin
Sinn Féin secured the highest vote share in the 2020 Irish general election, an outcome that was surprising as it marked the first time since 1923 that a party other than Fianna Fáil or Fine Gael achieved this.
In the 1996 Israeli prime ministerial election, who won against expectations?
Answer: Benjamin Netanyahu, who was trailing in the polls.
Benjamin Netanyahu won the 1996 Israeli prime ministerial election by a narrow margin over Shimon Peres, which was an upset as Peres had been leading in opinion polls.
What significant political shift occurred in the 2018 Malaysian general election?
Answer: The opposition Pakatan Harapan coalition ended the 61-year rule of Barisan Nasional.
The 2018 Malaysian general election marked a historic political shift, with the opposition Pakatan Harapan coalition ending the 61-year dominance of the Barisan Nasional coalition.
The 2023 Dutch general election results were described as a major upset primarily due to the success of which party?
Answer: The Party for Freedom (PVV)
The 2023 Dutch general election results were described as a major upset, primarily due to the significant success of the right-wing populist Party for Freedom (PVV).
What unexpected outcome occurred in the 2024 Pakistani general election regarding candidate affiliations?
Answer: Candidates affiliated with Imran Khan's PTI party emerged as the largest group.
Candidates affiliated with Imran Khan's PTI party emerged as the largest group in the 2024 Pakistani general election, an outcome considered highly unexpected given the party's limitations.
In the 2010 Philippine vice-presidential election, who secured a notable upset victory over the establishment favorite?
Answer: Jejomar Binay
Jejomar Binay secured a notable upset victory over Mar Roxas, the establishment favorite, in the 2010 Philippine vice-presidential election.
What was the surprising outcome of the 2015 Polish presidential election?
Answer: Andrzej Duda defeated incumbent Bronisław Komorowski in the runoff.
Andrzej Duda's victory over incumbent Bronisław Komorowski in the 2015 Polish presidential election was an upset, as Komorowski had been leading in pre-election polls.
What unexpected result occurred in the first round of the 2024 Romanian presidential election?
Answer: Calin Georgescu, initially a minor candidate, achieved a relative majority.
Calin Georgescu, initially viewed as a minor candidate, achieved a relative majority in the first round of the 2024 Romanian presidential election, marking an unexpected result.
In the 2012 Serbian presidential election, Tomislav Nikolić achieved an upset victory by defeating whom?
Answer: Boris Tadić
Tomislav Nikolić achieved an upset victory in the 2012 Serbian presidential election by defeating Boris Tadić, whom he had lost to in two previous elections.
The 2015 Sri Lankan presidential election saw a significant upset when incumbent president Mahinda Rajapaksa lost to whom?
Answer: Maithripala Sirisena
In the 2015 Sri Lankan presidential election, incumbent President Mahinda Rajapaksa lost his bid for a third term to opposition candidate Maithripala Sirisena, marking a significant upset.
In the 2023 Turkish general election, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan won the presidential election despite what?
Answer: Opinion polls and media suggesting he was likely to lose.
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan secured victory in the 2023 Turkish general election, defying opinion polls and media predictions that suggested he was likely to lose.
What was the surprising outcome of the 1945 United Kingdom general election?
Answer: The Labour Party, led by Clement Attlee, achieved an overwhelming landslide victory.
The 1945 United Kingdom general election resulted in a surprising landslide victory for the Labour Party, led by Clement Attlee, defeating Winston Churchill's Conservative Party.
What headline is famously associated with the 1948 U.S. presidential election upset?
Answer: Dewey Defeats Truman
The famous headline 'Dewey Defeats Truman' is associated with the 1948 U.S. presidential election, where incumbent Harry Truman achieved an unexpected victory over Thomas E. Dewey.
Betting odds and opinion polls are considered irrelevant to the concept of an upset, as they represent fixed outcomes.
Answer: False
This statement is false. Betting odds and opinion polls are crucial for defining an upset, as they establish the baseline expectation that the upset outcome then defies.
What is the relationship between betting odds, opinion polls, and the occurrence of an upset?
Answer: An upset occurs when a result defies the predictions made by betting odds or opinion polls.
Betting odds and opinion polls serve as benchmarks for expected outcomes; an upset is defined by a result that deviates from these established predictions.