Export your learner materials as an interactive game, a webpage, or FAQ style cheatsheet.
Unsaved Work Found!
It looks like you have unsaved work from a previous session. Would you like to restore it?
Total Categories: 6
Wallachia is geographically situated south of the Lower Danube River and north of the Southern Carpathians.
Answer: True
The historical region of Wallachia is geographically defined by its position north of the Lower Danube River and south of the Southern Carpathians mountain range.
The name 'Wallachia' is a Romanian exonym, meaning it was the name used by the inhabitants themselves.
Answer: False
The name 'Wallachia' is an exonym, derived from foreign terms used by outsiders. The inhabitants themselves primarily used the name 'Țara Românească,' meaning 'The Romanian Land'.
Muntenia and Oltenia are the two main geographical divisions of Wallachia, separated by the Danube River.
Answer: False
Muntenia and Oltenia are the two main geographical divisions of Wallachia, but they are separated by the Olt River, not the Danube River.
The Olt River served as the northern border of Wallachia, separating it from the Southern Carpathians.
Answer: False
The Olt River served as the boundary between Muntenia and Oltenia within Wallachia. The Southern Carpathians formed the northern geographical border of Wallachia.
During the Roman Empire, the region of Oltenia was incorporated into the province of Dacia.
Answer: True
During the Roman Empire, the western part of Wallachia, known as Oltenia, was incorporated into the Roman province of Dacia after AD 105.
The name 'Țara Românească' is a foreign term adopted by outsiders to refer to the land that would become Wallachia.
Answer: False
The name 'Țara Românească' is the Romanian term for Wallachia, meaning 'The Romanian Land,' and reflects the self-identity of the inhabitants, whereas 'Wallachia' is the exonym.
Which geographical features define the traditional boundaries of Wallachia?
Answer: North of the Lower Danube River and south of the Southern Carpathians.
The traditional geographical boundaries of Wallachia are defined by its location north of the Lower Danube River and south of the Southern Carpathians mountain range.
What is the Romanian name for Wallachia, and what does it translate to?
Answer: Țara Românească, meaning 'The Romanian Land'.
The Romanian name for Wallachia is 'Țara Românească,' which translates to 'The Romanian Land' or 'The Romanian Country'.
Which of the following names was used by Hungarian sources to refer to Wallachia?
Answer: Havasalföld
Hungarian sources referred to Wallachia as 'Havasalföld' or 'Havaselve,' meaning 'Snowy lowlands' or 'Land beyond the snowy mountains'.
The traditional division of Wallachia separated Muntenia from Oltenia using which river as the boundary?
Answer: Olt River
The Olt River served as the traditional boundary that divided the two main historical regions of Wallachia: Muntenia (Greater Wallachia) and Oltenia (Lesser Wallachia).
The name 'Wallachia' originates from a term used by Germanic and Slavic peoples to refer to:
Answer: Speakers of Romance languages (Romans) and foreigners.
The term 'walhaz,' from which 'Wallachia' derives, was used by Germanic and Slavic peoples to refer to Romans and speakers of foreign, particularly Romance, languages.
The name 'Transalpina', used in Latin sources for Wallachia, is related to which Hungarian term and its meaning?
Answer: Havasalföld, meaning 'Snowy lowlands' or 'Land beyond the snowy mountains'.
The Latin term 'Transalpina,' referring to Wallachia, is related to the Hungarian term 'Havasalföld' or 'Havaselve,' which translates to 'Snowy lowlands' or 'Land beyond the snowy mountains'.
The Principality of Wallachia was founded in the late 13th century, with Basarab I being the first documented ruler.
Answer: False
While Basarab I is a key figure in the establishment of the Principality of Wallachia in the early 14th century, the earliest documented mention of territory within modern Wallachia dates to a charter from 1246. Basarab I is credited with securing independence following the Battle of Posada in 1330.
The Battle of Posada in 1330 resulted in a victory for the Hungarian King Charles I, leading to increased Hungarian control over Wallachia.
Answer: False
The Battle of Posada in 1330 was a decisive victory for Basarab I of Wallachia against King Charles I of Hungary, securing Wallachia's independence from Hungarian suzerainty.
The earliest documented mention of territory within modern Wallachia dates back to a charter from 1246.
Answer: True
The earliest documented mention of territory within modern Wallachia, specifically referencing the voivode Seneslau, dates to a charter issued by Béla IV of Hungary in 1246.
Who is historically credited with the establishment of the Principality of Wallachia in the early 14th century?
Answer: Basarab I
Basarab I is historically credited with the establishment of the Principality of Wallachia in the early 14th century, notably after securing independence from Hungarian suzerainty at the Battle of Posada in 1330.
What was the political status of Wallachia immediately following Basarab I's victory at the Battle of Posada in 1330?
Answer: It achieved independence from Hungarian suzerainty.
Basarab I's victory at the Battle of Posada in 1330 was pivotal in securing Wallachia's independence from Hungarian suzerainty, establishing it as a distinct principality.
Which groups exerted control over Wallachia during the Early Middle Ages, prior to the establishment of the first principalities?
Answer: Pechenegs and Cumans
Prior to the establishment of the Wallachian principalities, groups such as the Pechenegs and Cumans exerted control over the region during the Early Middle Ages, following earlier migrations and invasions.
Which historical event is considered a foundational moment for the establishment of the House of Basarab as the ruling dynasty of Wallachia?
Answer: The Battle of Posada in 1330
The Battle of Posada in 1330, where Basarab I defeated Charles I of Hungary, is considered a foundational event for the establishment of the House of Basarab as the ruling dynasty of Wallachia.
Wallachia maintained complete independence from both Hungary and the Ottoman Empire throughout its entire history.
Answer: False
Wallachia was initially a vassal state of Hungary and later accepted the suzerainty of the Ottoman Empire in 1417, thus not maintaining complete independence throughout its history.
Mircea the Elder successfully repelled all Ottoman incursions during his reign and never sought alliances with other European powers.
Answer: False
Mircea the Elder engaged in significant conflicts with the Ottoman Empire, including a victory at the Battle of Rovine, but he also navigated complex alliances with other European powers and did not repel all incursions.
Vlad III Dracula, known as Vlad the Impaler, is primarily remembered for his diplomatic achievements and peaceful reign.
Answer: False
Vlad III Dracula, known as Vlad the Impaler, is primarily remembered for his fierce resistance against the Ottoman Empire and his use of brutal methods, such as impalement, to maintain order, rather than for diplomacy and peace.
The Transylvanian Saxons supported Vlad the Impaler and helped spread positive accounts of his rule throughout Europe.
Answer: False
The Transylvanian Saxons, due to conflicts with Vlad the Impaler, disseminated negative propaganda that contributed to his fearsome reputation, rather than supporting him and spreading positive accounts.
Michael the Brave's union of Wallachia, Transylvania, and Moldavia lasted for several centuries and laid the permanent foundation for modern Romania.
Answer: False
Michael the Brave's union of the three principalities was a significant but brief achievement, lasting only from 1599 to 1600. It is considered a precursor to modern Romania but did not lay a permanent foundation in itself.
Bucharest has always been the capital of Wallachia since its founding in the early 14th century.
Answer: False
Bucharest became the capital of Wallachia in the late 17th century. Earlier capitals included Câmpulung, Curtea de Argeș, and Târgoviște.
Wallachia was governed as a hereditary monarchy where the throne passed directly from father to son.
Answer: False
Wallachia was governed as an elective absolute monarchy, meaning the ruler was chosen, not automatically inherited from father to son.
The historical capitals of Wallachia included Târgoviște and Bucharest, but never Câmpulung or Curtea de Argeș.
Answer: False
Historical capitals of Wallachia included Câmpulung, Curtea de Argeș, Târgoviște, and later Bucharest. Therefore, the statement that Câmpulung and Curtea de Argeș were never capitals is incorrect.
Who was the Voivode of Wallachia known for his significant conflicts with the Ottoman Empire and his victory at the Battle of Rovine?
Answer: Mircea the Elder
Mircea the Elder, who reigned from 1386 to 1418, is renowned for his significant resistance against the Ottoman Empire, including his victory at the Battle of Rovine.
Vlad III Dracula's reputation for cruelty, famously associated with impalement, was partly fueled by propaganda from which group?
Answer: The Transylvanian Saxons
Vlad III Dracula's fearsome reputation was partly amplified by propaganda disseminated by the Transylvanian Saxons, with whom he had conflicts.
The union of Wallachia, Transylvania, and Moldavia under Michael the Brave occurred during which period?
Answer: Early 17th Century
Michael the Brave achieved the union of Wallachia, Transylvania, and Moldavia between 1599 and 1600, placing the event in the late 16th and early 17th centuries.
Which city became the capital of Wallachia in the late 17th century and remained so thereafter?
Answer: Bucharest
Bucharest became the capital of Wallachia in the late 17th century and continued to serve as the primary political and economic center thereafter.
Which of the following was NOT a historical capital city of Wallachia mentioned in the source?
Answer: Iași
Historical capitals of Wallachia included Curtea de Argeș, Târgoviște, and Bucharest. Iași was a historical capital of Moldavia, not Wallachia.
Which of the following best describes the government system of the Principality of Wallachia?
Answer: An elective absolute monarchy.
The Principality of Wallachia was governed as an elective absolute monarchy, where the ruler, the Prince or Voivode, was chosen but held absolute authority once in power.
What was the significance of the union achieved by Michael the Brave in 1599-1600?
Answer: It represented a brief but significant unification of the Romanian principalities.
Michael the Brave's union of Wallachia, Transylvania, and Moldavia from 1599 to 1600 was a significant historical event, representing a brief but notable unification of the Romanian principalities against external threats.
The Phanariote period saw local Wallachian princes ruling under the direct supervision of the Hungarian crown.
Answer: False
The Phanariote period (beginning 1715) involved rulers appointed by the Ottoman Empire from the Greek Phanariote community in Constantinople, not local Wallachian princes, and they were under Ottoman, not Hungarian, supervision.
The Regulamentul Organic was a treaty signed between Wallachia and the Ottoman Empire to grant Wallachia full autonomy.
Answer: False
The Regulamentul Organic was a set of regulations implemented under Russian supervision following the Russo-Turkish War of 1828-1829 to modernize administration, not a treaty granting full autonomy, and Wallachia remained under Ottoman suzerainty.
The Treaty of Adrianople (1829) placed Wallachia under direct Ottoman administration and restricted its trade.
Answer: False
The Treaty of Adrianople (1829) concluded the Russo-Turkish War, placing Wallachia under Russian military administration, returning Danube ports to Wallachian control, and facilitating free trade, rather than placing it under direct Ottoman administration.
The Regulamentul Organic aimed to modernize the administration of the Danubian Principalities following the Russo-Turkish War of 1828-1829.
Answer: True
The Regulamentul Organic was implemented under Russian supervision after the Russo-Turkish War of 1828-1829 with the explicit aim of modernizing the administration and governance of the Danubian Principalities.
The Phanariote period in Wallachia, beginning in 1715, was characterized by the appointment of rulers from which community?
Answer: Greek Phanariotes from Constantinople
The Phanariote period, commencing in 1715, saw the Ottoman Empire appoint rulers from the Phanariotes, a Greek community residing in Constantinople, to govern Wallachia.
What was the primary purpose of the Regulamentul Organic implemented after the Russo-Turkish War of 1828-1829?
Answer: To modernize the administration and governance of the Danubian Principalities.
The Regulamentul Organic was designed to modernize the administrative and governmental structures of the Danubian Principalities following the Russo-Turkish War of 1828-1829.
What significant administrative reform was implemented under Russian supervision following the Russo-Turkish War of 1828-1829?
Answer: The Regulamentul Organic (Organic Statute).
Following the Russo-Turkish War of 1828-1829, the Regulamentul Organic (Organic Statute) was implemented under Russian supervision to reform the administration of the Danubian Principalities.
Which of the following was a consequence of Wallachia accepting Ottoman suzerainty in 1417?
Answer: Payment of tribute and cession of strategic ports to the Ottomans.
Accepting Ottoman suzerainty in 1417 led to Wallachia paying tribute and ceding strategic ports, such as Giurgiu and Turnu Măgurele, to the Ottoman Empire.
The Treaty of Adrianople (1829) resulted in which of the following changes for Wallachia?
Answer: Key Danube ports were returned to Wallachian control, and free trade was facilitated.
The Treaty of Adrianople (1829) led to the return of key Danube ports to Wallachian control and facilitated free trade, alongside placing the principality under Russian military administration.
The Wallachian Revolution of 1848 successfully achieved all its goals, including immediate national independence and land reform.
Answer: False
The Wallachian Revolution of 1848, while advocating for national independence and land reform, was ultimately suppressed by Ottoman and Russian forces, and thus did not achieve all its goals immediately.
Wallachia united with Moldavia in 1859 under Alexandru Ioan Cuza to form the United Principalities, a direct precursor to modern Romania.
Answer: True
In 1859, Wallachia and Moldavia united under Alexandru Ioan Cuza to form the United Principalities, which served as a crucial step towards the establishment of modern Romania.
The union of Wallachia and Moldavia in 1859 led directly to the establishment of the Kingdom of Romania in the same year.
Answer: False
The union of Wallachia and Moldavia in 1859 formed the United Principalities, a precursor to modern Romania. The Kingdom of Romania was proclaimed much later, in 1881.
The Wallachian Revolution of 1848 sought which of the following key objectives?
Answer: Political freedoms, land reform, and national independence.
The Wallachian Revolution of 1848 aimed to achieve significant reforms, including political freedoms, land reform, and national independence from foreign influence.
In what year did Wallachia and Moldavia unite to form the United Principalities under Alexandru Ioan Cuza?
Answer: 1859
Wallachia and Moldavia united in 1859 under Alexandru Ioan Cuza to form the United Principalities, a pivotal moment in the formation of modern Romania.
The union of Wallachia and Moldavia in 1859 was a crucial step towards the official adoption of which name for the country?
Answer: Romania
The union in 1859 formed the United Principalities, which was a direct precursor to the official adoption of the name Romania in 1866 and the establishment of the Kingdom of Romania in 1881.
What was the main purpose of the Islăză Proclamation during the 1848 Wallachian Revolution?
Answer: To outline the revolutionaries' demands for political freedoms and land reform.
The Islăză Proclamation served as a manifesto for the 1848 Wallachian Revolution, articulating the revolutionaries' core demands for political freedoms and land reform.
Slavery was a minor institution in Wallachia, primarily involving captured foreign soldiers.
Answer: False
Slavery was a significant institution in Wallachia until its abolition in the mid-19th century, and the majority of enslaved individuals were of Roma (Gypsy) ethnicity, not primarily captured foreign soldiers.
Slavery was completely abolished in Wallachia immediately following the 1848 Revolution.
Answer: False
While the 1848 Revolution advocated for emancipation, the complete abolition of slavery in Wallachia occurred in stages, culminating in a law in February 1856, not immediately following the 1848 revolution.
The population of Wallachia in the 15th century is estimated to have been around 2.4 million people.
Answer: False
Contemporary historians estimate the population of Wallachia in the 15th century to have been approximately 500,000 people, not 2.4 million.
Romanian was the only language used for administration and liturgy throughout Wallachia's history.
Answer: False
While Romanian was the primary spoken language, Church Slavonic served as a significant administrative and liturgical language until the late 18th century, and Greek was also used, particularly during the Phanariote period.
The predominant religion in Wallachia was Islam, with Orthodoxy being a minority faith.
Answer: False
The predominant religion in Wallachia was Romanian Orthodoxy; Islam was not the majority faith.
The motto 'Dreptate, Frăție' adopted during the 1848 revolution translates to 'Liberty, Equality'.
Answer: False
The Wallachian motto 'Dreptate, Frăție,' adopted during the 1848 revolution, translates to 'Justice, Brotherhood,' not 'Liberty, Equality'.
The boyars were a lower class of peasants who had little influence on Wallachian politics.
Answer: False
Boyars constituted a class of landowners and high-ranking officials who played a significant role in Wallachian politics, not a lower class of peasants.
The Brâncovenesc style, associated with Constantin Brâncoveanu's reign, is known for its minimalist architecture.
Answer: False
The Brâncovenesc style, flourishing during Constantin Brâncoveanu's reign, is noted for its rich architectural and artistic expressions, representing a flourishing of late Renaissance cultural influences, rather than minimalism.
The population of Wallachia in 1859 was approximately 814,325, primarily concentrated in Muntenia.
Answer: False
The total population of Wallachia in 1859 was recorded as 2,400,921. Of this total, Oltenia had 814,325 inhabitants, while Muntenia had 1,586,596.
Church Slavonic was used as a primary administrative and liturgical language in Wallachia until the late 18th century.
Answer: True
Church Slavonic played a significant role in Wallachian administration and liturgy, continuing for liturgical purposes until the late 18th century, although its administrative use declined earlier.
The majority of enslaved people in Wallachia were of Hungarian origin.
Answer: False
The majority of enslaved people in Wallachia were of Roma (Gypsy) ethnicity, not Hungarian origin.
What was the primary ethnic group that constituted the enslaved population in Wallachia?
Answer: Roma (Gypsy) people
The majority of enslaved individuals in Wallachia were of Roma (Gypsy) ethnicity.
What does the Wallachian motto 'Dreptate, Frăție' translate to?
Answer: Justice, Brotherhood
The Wallachian motto 'Dreptate, Frăție,' adopted during the 1848 revolution, translates to 'Justice, Brotherhood'.
Which historical figure is associated with the Brâncovenesc style of architecture and art in Wallachia?
Answer: Constantin Brâncoveanu
The Brâncovenesc style, known for its distinct architectural and artistic achievements, is associated with the reign of Prince Constantin Brâncoveanu (1688-1714).
According to the 2011 census data mentioned, which was the largest city in the Wallachia region?
Answer: Bucharest
Based on the 2011 census data provided, Bucharest was the largest city in the Wallachia region by a significant margin.
The abolition of slavery in Wallachia was largely driven by which movement?
Answer: Liberal revolutionaries inspired by Enlightenment ideas
The movement for the abolition of slavery in Wallachia was significantly propelled by liberal revolutionaries influenced by Enlightenment ideals, who included emancipation as a key objective.
What was the primary role of Church Slavonic in Wallachia, according to the source?
Answer: An administrative and religious language, particularly until the 16th/18th centuries.
Church Slavonic served as a significant administrative and religious language in Wallachia, particularly until the 16th century for administrative purposes and until the late 18th century for liturgical use.
According to the source, which group was primarily enslaved in Wallachia?
Answer: Roma (Gypsy) people
The primary group constituting the enslaved population in Wallachia, until abolition, was the Roma people.
Which of the following languages, besides Romanian, played a significant role in Wallachian administration and/or religious contexts for extended periods?
Answer: Greek and Church Slavonic
Besides Romanian, Church Slavonic served as an administrative and liturgical language, and Greek was utilized as a chancellery and cultural language, particularly during the Phanariote era.