What is the primary identity and location of the Bayezid II Mosque?

The Bayezid II Mosque is an early 16th-century Ottoman imperial mosque situated in Beyazıt Square in Istanbul, Turkey. It is located near the historical site of the Forum of Theodosius, which was part of ancient Constantinople.

What is the historical significance of the Bayezid II Mosque in Istanbul?

The Bayezid II Mosque holds significant historical importance as it is the second large imperial mosque complex, known as a 'selatin mosque,' to be built in Istanbul after the Ottoman conquest in 1453. Crucially, it is the oldest imperial complex in Istanbul that remains largely in its original form, unlike the Fatih Mosque which was rebuilt.

When was the Bayezid II Mosque constructed, and what other structures were part of its complex?

The construction of the Bayezid II Mosque took place between 1500 and 1505. Immediately following the mosque's completion, a comprehensive religious and charitable complex, known as a 'külliye,' was added. This complex included a theological college (medrese), a large bathhouse (hamam), a soup kitchen (imaret), a caravanserai, and several mausoleums.

Who commissioned the Bayezid II Mosque, and what was its purpose?

The Bayezid II Mosque was commissioned by the Ottoman Sultan Bayezid II. As an imperial mosque, it served as a significant religious and architectural landmark within the capital city of the Ottoman Empire.

What is known about the chief architect of the Bayezid II Mosque?

The chief architect of the Bayezid II Mosque is not definitively known. However, based on Ottoman documents, scholar Rıfkı Melül Meriç identified Yakubşah ibn Islamşah as the most probable architect. This architect was reportedly a nephew of Atik Sinan (or Christodoulos), the Greek architect of the Fatih Mosque. Little else is documented about Yakubşah ibn Islamşah, though he is also credited with building a caravanserai in Bursa.

What is the origin of the nickname 'Pigeon Mosque' for the Bayezid II Mosque?

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the Bayezid II Mosque was often referred to as the 'Pigeon Mosque.' This nickname arose because large numbers of pigeons would congregate in the vicinity, attracted by worshippers who fed them.

How is the Bayezid II Mosque oriented, and what are the key features of its courtyard?

The mosque is oriented along a northwest-southeast axis. Its courtyard, located to the northwest, is nearly as large as the mosque itself. The courtyard features monumental entrance portals on three sides and is surrounded by a colonnaded peristyle supported by twenty columns. These columns are made of various materials, including porphyry, verd antique, and granite. The courtyard is covered by 24 small domes and paved with polychrome marble.

What are the primary dimensions of the Bayezid II Mosque and its dome?

The mosque itself is square, measuring approximately 40 meters (130 feet) on each side. Its central dome has an inner diameter of about 16.78 meters (55.1 feet), and the outer height of the dome is approximately 44 meters (144 feet).

How is the main dome of the Bayezid II Mosque structurally supported?

The central dome of the mosque is supported by two large semi-domes along its main axis. Additionally, two arches run along the secondary axis, contributing to the structural integrity and the mosque's architectural form.

What building materials were used in the construction of the Bayezid II Mosque?

The Bayezid II Mosque is constructed entirely of cut stone. It incorporates the use of colored stones and various marbles in its structure.

How does the interior of the Bayezid II Mosque compare to the Hagia Sophia?

The interior layout of the Bayezid II Mosque is often described as resembling a smaller-scale version of the Hagia Sophia. This comparison highlights its significant domed structure and spatial organization, characteristic of major Byzantine and Ottoman religious architecture.

Describe the structural elements and lighting within the mosque's interior.

The interior features a central dome, with semi-domes to the east and west creating a nave. Side aisles on the north and south are covered by four small domes each. The massive dome is supported by large rectangular piers, utilizing smooth pendentives and decorated with stalactite elements. The space is illuminated by numerous windows: twenty at the base of the dome, seven on each semi-dome, and additional tiers of windows on the walls.

What is notable about the sultan's loge (hünkâr mahfili) inside the mosque?

The sultan's loge, a raised platform for the ruler, is located to the right of the mihrab. It is supported by ten small marble columns that were repurposed from earlier Byzantine churches, indicating a reuse of historical materials in the mosque's construction.

What was the original purpose of the extended corridor on the west side of the mosque, and how was it later integrated?

The broad corridor extending west from the main structure was originally designed as four domed cells intended to serve as a hospice for wandering dervishes. In the 16th century, these wings were integrated into the main prayer hall and are now divided into three consecutive rooms separated by archways.

Where are the minarets of the Bayezid II Mosque located?

The two minarets of the Bayezid II Mosque are situated at the ends of the extended wings on the west side of the building.

What structures are located in the garden behind the Bayezid II Mosque?

Behind the mosque lies a garden that contains the türbe (tombs) of Sultan Bayezid II himself, his daughter Selçuk Hatun, and Grand Vizier Koca Mustafa Reşid Pasha.

What is the 'arasta' associated with the Bayezid II Mosque complex, and what was its original function?

Beneath the garden behind the mosque is an arcade of shops known as an 'arasta.' This structure was designed by Mimar Sinan in 1580, with the original intention that the rents generated from these shops would support the upkeep of the mosque. The arasta underwent extensive restoration in the 1960s.

What happened to the former soup kitchen of the complex, and what does it house now?

The former soup kitchen (imaret) of the Bayezid II Mosque complex was converted into the State Library of Istanbul by Sultan Abdulhamid II in 1882. It currently holds over 120,000 books and 7000 manuscripts.

What is the current status and function of the former medrese of the complex?

The former medrese (theological college) of the Bayezid II Mosque complex now houses the Museum of Turkish Calligraphy Art. However, this museum has been closed to the public for over a decade and was undergoing restoration in 2022.

What is the history and current use of the Bayezid II Hamam?

The monumental Bayezid II Hamam was restored in the early 2000s and 2010s. It was reopened in 2015 and now functions as the Museum of Turkish Hamam Culture.

What historical architectural fragments are embedded in the walls of the Bayezid II Hamam?

Fragments of sculpture from the lost triumphal arch of the Forum of Theodosius are embedded in the lowest parts of the walls of the Bayezid II Hamam. More remains of this arch are located nearby.

What archaeological discoveries were made during the restoration of the Bayezid II Hamam?

During the restoration of the hamam, traces of an old Byzantine church were uncovered beneath the structure, indicating earlier historical layers at the site.

What is the affiliation of the Bayezid II Mosque?

The Bayezid II Mosque is affiliated with Sunni Islam.

Who is identified as a potential architect of the Bayezid II Mosque, and what is the basis for this identification?

Yakubşah ibn Islamşah is identified as the most likely architect of the Bayezid II Mosque, based on Ottoman documents from Sultan Bayezid II's reign. This identification is supported by later scholars of Ottoman architecture.

What is the architectural style of the Bayezid II Mosque?

The architectural style of the Bayezid II Mosque is Ottoman architecture.

What types of stone and marble are mentioned as building materials for the mosque?

The mosque utilizes granite and marble as building materials. Specifically, the columns in the courtyard include porphyry, verd antique, and pink granite.

How many minarets does the Bayezid II Mosque have?

The Bayezid II Mosque has two minarets.

What is the inner diameter of the main dome of the Bayezid II Mosque?

The inner diameter of the main dome of the Bayezid II Mosque is 16.78 meters (55.1 feet).

What is the width and length of the main prayer hall of the Bayezid II Mosque?

The main prayer hall of the Bayezid II Mosque is square, measuring approximately 40 meters (130 feet) in length and 40 meters (130 feet) in width.

What is the significance of the columns in the mosque's courtyard peristyle?

The columns in the courtyard peristyle are significant due to their materials and variety: ten are made of verd antique, six of pink granite, and two are made of porphyry, a rare and valuable stone often used in imperial constructions.

What is the approximate cost of the extensive restoration work completed in 2020?

The extensive restoration work, which concluded in 2020, cost 49 million Turkish liras, equivalent to approximately US $7.2 million.

What was the role of Mimar Sinan in relation to the Bayezid II Mosque complex?

Mimar Sinan conducted repairs on the mosque between 1573 and 1574. Additionally, he designed the arcade of shops (arasta) behind the mosque in 1580, intended to provide financial support for its upkeep.

What historical structures or elements were found beneath the Bayezid II Hamam?

During the restoration of the Bayezid II Hamam, traces of an old Byzantine church were discovered beneath its foundations, indicating the site's long history predating the Ottoman era.

What is the current status of the Museum of Turkish Calligraphy Art, located in the former medrese?

The Museum of Turkish Calligraphy Art, housed in the former medrese of the complex, has been closed to the public for over a decade and was undergoing restoration as of 2022.

What is the purpose of the 'külliye' associated with Ottoman imperial mosques like the Bayezid II Mosque?

A 'külliye' is a religious and charitable complex that typically surrounds an Ottoman imperial mosque. Its purpose is to provide a range of social, educational, and welfare services to the community, often including institutions like madrasas, hospitals, soup kitchens, and bathhouses.

What is the significance of the 'selatin mosque' designation?

A 'selatin mosque' refers to a large imperial mosque complex commissioned by a sultan ('sultan' in Turkish is 'selatin' in plural form). These mosques were typically grand structures intended to serve as major religious centers and symbols of Ottoman power and piety.

What types of columns support the pendentives and arches in the interior of the mosque?

The interior of the mosque features huge rectangular piers that support the dome. These piers are associated with smooth pendentives and stalactite decorations, contributing to the mosque's grand interior.

What is the function of a 'mihrab' in a mosque?

A 'mihrab' is a niche in the wall of a mosque that indicates the direction of the Qibla, the direction of Mecca, which Muslims face during prayer. It is a central element in mosque architecture.

What is a 'shadirvan' and where is it located in relation to the mosque's courtyard?

A 'shadirvan' is a type of fountain or ablution fountain, often found in the courtyards of mosques. The image caption indicates the presence of a shadirvan within the courtyard of the Bayezid II Mosque.

What does the term 'muqarnas' refer to in Islamic architecture?

Muqarnas refers to a form of ornamented vaulting in Islamic architecture, consisting of intricate, stalactite-like or honeycomb-like projections. The image caption mentions muqarnas-carved capitals in the courtyard, indicating decorative architectural elements.

What is the significance of the 'arasta' structure within the mosque complex?

The 'arasta' is an arcade of shops located behind the mosque. Its significance lies in its original purpose: the rents collected from these shops were intended to fund the mosque's maintenance and operations, creating a self-sustaining endowment.

What is the role of a 'medrese' in the Ottoman context?

A 'medrese' is a theological college or institution of higher learning in the Islamic world. In Ottoman complexes like the Bayezid II Mosque, the medrese provided religious and often secular education.

A 'türbe' is a tomb or mausoleum, typically housing the remains of a ruler, important religious figure, or notable individual. The Bayezid II Mosque complex includes türbes for Sultan Bayezid II and other significant figures.

An 'imaret' is a public soup kitchen, often part of a larger külliye (religious and charitable complex) in Ottoman architecture. It provided free food to the poor and travelers.

A 'hamam' is a public bathhouse, a significant social and hygienic institution in Islamic culture. The Bayezid II Mosque complex included a large hamam, which has since been restored and repurposed as a museum.

What does the term 'külliye' signify in Ottoman architecture?

A 'külliye' is a complex of buildings centered around a mosque, typically including educational, charitable, and medical facilities. It represents a comprehensive approach to community service and religious life integrated with civic infrastructure.

Bayezid Ii Mosque Istanbul Wiki: Ottoman Masterpiece: The Bayezid II Mosque

Dive in with Flashcard Learning!

When you are ready...
🎮 Play the Wiki2Web Clarity Challenge Game🎮

Historical Context

Imperial Commission

Commissioned by the Ottoman Sultan Bayezid II, this mosque represents a significant early imperial complex in Istanbul, erected following the city's conquest. Its preservation in a form close to its original state makes it a cornerstone of historical and architectural study.

Construction and Complex

Constructed between 1500 and 1505, the mosque was part of a larger religious and charitable complex (külliye). This included a theological college (medrese) completed in 1507, a hammam, an imaret (soup kitchen), a caravanserai, and several mausolea, including that of Sultan Bayezid II himself.

Architectural Attribution

While the chief architect is not definitively known, scholarly consensus points to Mimar Hayruddin (or Yakubshah ibn Islamshah), possibly a relative of the architect of the Fatih Mosque. The refined style suggests considerable experience with both Ottoman and earlier architectural traditions.

The Pigeon Mosque

In historical accounts from the 19th and early 20th centuries, the mosque was often referred to as the "Pigeon Mosque." This moniker arose due to the large congregations of pigeons that frequented the area, often fed by worshippers.

Architectural Design

Exterior Layout

The mosque is oriented northwest-southeast, featuring a courtyard of nearly equal size to the prayer hall. This courtyard is bordered by a colonnaded peristyle supported by twenty columns crafted from porphyry, verd antique, and granite, roofed by 24 small domes and paved with polychrome marble.

Structural Dimensions

The mosque itself is a square structure, measuring approximately 40 meters (130 feet) per side. Its central dome, with an inner diameter of about 16.78 meters (55.1 feet), is supported by two semi-domes along the main axis and two arches along the secondary axis. The construction utilizes cut stone, incorporating colored stones and marbles.

Interior Illumination

The interior design echoes the grandeur of the Hagia Sophia on a smaller scale. The central dome is supported by substantial piers, enhanced by smooth pendentives and intricate stalactite decorations. Abundant natural light enters through twenty windows at the dome's base, seven windows on each semi-dome, and additional windows in the walls.

Exterior Details

Courtyard and Colonnade

The expansive courtyard, nearly matching the mosque's footprint, is a serene space enclosed by a peristyle. This colonnade features twenty columns of varied, precious materials: two of porphyry, ten of verd antique, and six of pink granite. The courtyard is covered by 24 small domes, resting on a floor of polychrome marble.

Materials and Construction

The mosque is meticulously constructed from cut stone, showcasing a sophisticated use of colored stones and marbles. This choice of materials contributes significantly to its aesthetic appeal and structural integrity, reflecting the high standards of Ottoman craftsmanship.

Entrance Portals

Monumental entrance portals provide access to the courtyard from three sides. These entrances are key architectural features, guiding visitors into the sacred space and hinting at the grandeur within.

The visual elements of the exterior, including entrance portals, the courtyard's shadirvan (ablution fountain), and the varied columns, highlight the mosque's intricate design.

Entrance portals leading to the courtyard.
The courtyard featuring a shadirvan.
Views of the domes and the mosque from Beyazıt Square.
Columns exhibiting different colors and textures.
Muqarnas-carved capitals adorning the courtyard structures.
The portico and entrance to the prayer hall.
Detailed views of the minarets.

Interior Splendor

Hagia Sophia Influence

The mosque's interior plan bears a striking resemblance to the Hagia Sophia, albeit on a more modest scale. The central dome, flanked by semi-domes and arches, creates a vast, unified prayer space, characteristic of classical Ottoman mosque architecture.

Light and Space

The interior is bathed in light, facilitated by numerous windows: twenty at the base of the main dome, seven on each semi-dome, and additional openings on the walls. This strategic illumination enhances the sense of spaciousness and spiritual ambiance.

Sultan's Loge and Byzantine Elements

A notable feature is the elevated sultan's loge, positioned to the right of the mihrab. It is supported by ten slender marble columns, which are believed to be reused elements from earlier Byzantine churches, adding a layer of historical continuity.

The interior showcases the mosque's architectural sophistication, from its domed structure to the details of its supporting elements.

The main prayer hall looking towards the mihrab.
The interplay of the central dome and semi-domes.
Close-up views of the central dome's structure.

The Külliye: A Community Hub

Garden and Mausolea

Behind the mosque lies a tranquil garden containing the mausolea (türbes) of Sultan Bayezid II, his daughter Selçuk Hatun, and Grand Vizier Koca Mustafa Reşid Pasha, serving as final resting places and points of historical reverence.

Commercial and Educational Spaces

An arcade of shops (arasta), designed by Mimar Sinan in 1580, runs below the garden. The rents from these shops historically supported the mosque. The complex also included a medrese, now housing the Museum of Turkish Calligraphy Art, and a soup kitchen converted into the State Library of Istanbul.

The Bayezid II Hamam

The monumental Bayezid II Hamam, a significant part of the complex, was restored and reopened in 2015 as the Museum of Turkish Hamam Culture. Intriguingly, fragments of a lost Byzantine triumphal arch and traces of an ancient Byzantine church were discovered during its restoration.

Preservation and Restoration

Historical Damage

The mosque has endured significant historical challenges. Its dome required partial reconstruction after the 1509 Istanbul earthquake. The minarets suffered damage from fires in 1683 and 1754, and a lightning strike in 1743, necessitating repairs in subsequent years, including after the 1766 earthquake.

Modern Restoration Efforts

An extensive restoration project commenced in August 2012 and concluded eight years later in 2020. This meticulous process involved removing inappropriate materials from previous repairs and replacing damaged elements. The project, costing approximately 49 million Turkish Liras, successfully revitalized the mosque, allowing it to reopen for worship.

Related Topics

Islamic Architecture

Explore the broader context of Islamic architectural styles and principles that influenced the design and construction of the Bayezid II Mosque.

Ottoman architecture

Historical stages

Early Ottoman architecture
Classical Ottoman architecture
Tulip Period architecture
Ottoman Baroque architecture
Ottoman architecture in the 19th–20th centuries
First national architectural movement

(See also: Ottoman decoration)

Other regional styles

Algeria
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Cyprus
Egypt
Palestine
Serbia
Tunisia

Mosques

Istanbul	Altunizade Mosque Atik Valide Mosque Ayazma Mosque Bayezid II Mosque Beylerbeyi Mosque Büyükdere Kara Mehmet Kethüda Mosque Çinili Mosque Dolmabahçe Mosque Eyüp Sultan Mosque Fatih Mosque Gazi Atik Ali Pasha Mosque Haseki Sultan Mosque Hırka-i Şerif Mosque Laleli Mosque Mahmut Pasha Mosque Mesih Mehmed Pasha Mosque Mihrimah Sultan Mosque (Edirnekapı) Mihrimah Sultan Mosque (Üsküdar) Muradiye Complex Murat Pasha Mosque Nışançı Mehmed Pasha Mosque Nuruosmaniye Mosque Ortaköy Mosque Piyale Pasha Mosque Şehzade Mosque Selimiye Mosque Sokollu Mehmed Pasha Mosque (Azapkapı) Sokollu Mehmed Pasha Mosque (Büyükçekmece) Sokollu Mehmed Pasha Mosque (Kadırga) Sultanahmet Mosque Süleymaniye Mosque Vasat Atik Ali Pasha Mosque Yavuz Selim Mosque Yeni Valide Mosque (Eminönü) Yeni Valide Mosque (Üsküdar) Yıldız Hamidiye Mosque
Other cities	Ali Pasha Mosque Bajrakli Mosque Bayezid I Mosque Behram Pasha Mosque Bursa Grand Mosque Çapanoğlu Mosque Dzhumaya Mosque Emir Sultan Mosque Esmahan Sultan Mosque Evliya Kasim Pasha Mosque Ferhadija Mosque Ferhat Pasha Mosque (Banja Luka) Ferhat Pasha Mosque (Sarajevo) Fethiye Mosque (Athens) Gazi Husrev-beg Mosque Green Mosque of Bursa (Yeşil Mosque) Green Mosque of İznik Hadum Mosque Haji Özbek Mosque Hüdavendigar Mosque Ibrahim Pasha Mosque İzzet Mehmet Pasha Mosque Juma-Jami Mosque Karağoz Bey Mosque Kasım Pasha Mosque Muradiye Complex (Bursa) Muradiye Mosque (Edirne) Murat Pasha Mosque Old Mosque of Edirne Orhan Gazi Mosque Osman Shah Mosque Selimiye Mosque Sinan Pasha Mosque (Prizren) Sokollu Mehmed Pasha Mosque (Lüleburgaz) Sulayman Pasha Mosque Suleymaniye Mosque Tombul Mosque Tzistarakis Mosque Üç Şerefeli Mosque Veled-i Yaniç Mosque Yakovalı Hasan Paşa Mosque
Madrasas	Büyük Aga Medrese Caferağa Medrese Medrese of Mehmet Şakir Paşa Rüstem Pasha Medrese
Türbes (tombs)	Green Tomb (Yeşil Türbe) Tomb of Abdul Hamid I Tomb of Hayreddin Barbarossa Tomb of Turhan Sultan
Caravanserais	Büyük Han Büyük Valide Han Büyük Yeni Han Hafsa Sultan Caravanserai Kapan Han Khan al-Umdan Khan As'ad Pasha Koza Han Kürkçü Han Öküz Mehmed Pasha Caravanserai Rüstem Pasha Caravanserai (Edirne) Rüstem Pasha Caravanserai (Ereğli) Rüstem Pasha Caravanserai (Erzurum) Sokollu Mehmet Pasha Caravanserai
Hospitals	Complex of Sultan Bayezid II
Bridges	Arslanagić Bridge Mostar Bridge Mehmed Paša Sokolović Bridge Uzunköprü Bridge
Fortifications	Ajyad Fortress Anadoluhisarı Depedogen Castle of Kars Kilitbahir Castle Rumelihisarı Yedikule Fortress Kalemegdan Yeni-Kale
Palaces	Azm Palace Beylerbeyi Palace Çırağan Palace Dolmabahçe Palace Eski Saray Grand Serail Hatice Sultan Palace Ishak Pasha Palace Topkapi Palace Yıldız Palace
Clock towers	Büyük Saat Dolmabahçe Clock Tower Etfal Hospital Clock Tower İzmir Clock Tower İzmit Clock Tower Jaffa Clock Tower Nusretiye Clock Tower Yıldız Clock Tower
Fountains	Fountain of Ahmed III Fountain of Ahmed III (Üsküdar) Tophane Fountain Sultan Mahmut Fountain
Hammams	Bayezid II Hamam Bey Hamam Büyük Hamam Cağaloğlu Hamam Çifte Hammam Davud Pasha Hamam Çemberlitaş Hamamı Hagia Sophia Hurrem Sultan Bathhouse Király Baths Mahmut Pasha Hamam Ömeriye Baths Süleymaniye Hamam Tahtakale Hamam Rudas Baths
other monuments	Köprülü Library Mihrişah Sultan Complex Nilüfer Hatun Imareti Imaret (Kavala)

Turkish Heritage

The Bayezid II Mosque is a key monument within the rich tapestry of Turkish history and architecture. Its presence in Istanbul connects it to a broader network of significant religious and cultural sites across Turkey.

v t e Mosques in Turkey
Ankara	Ahmet Hamdi Akseki Aslanhane Hacı Bayram Kocatepe Maltepe Melike Hatun
Antalya	Korkut Murat Pasha Omer Pasha Tekeli Mehmet Pasha Yivli Minaret
Bursa	Bayezid I Emir Sultan Grand Green Hüdavendigar Muradiye Orhan Gazi Veled-i Yaniç
Diyarbakır	Behram Pasha Great Hazreti Süleyman Sheikh Matar
Edirne	Evliya Kasim Pasha Muradiye Old Selimiye Üç Şerefeli
Istanbul	Altunizade Arap Atik Mustafa Pasha Atik Valide Ayazma Bayezid II Bebek Beylerbeyi Blue (Sultan Ahmed) Böcekli Bodrum Burmalı Çamlıca Çinili Defterdar Dolmabahçe Emirgan Eski Imaret Eyüp Sultan Fatih Fenari Isa Firuz Agha Gazi Atik Ali Pasha Gül Hadim Ibrahim Pasha Hagia Sophia Handan Agha Haseki Sultan Hirami Ahmet Pasha Hırka-i Şerif İskender Pasha, Fatih İskender Pasha, Kanlıca Imrahor Kalenderhane Kara Ahmed Pasha Kariye Kasım Agha Kefeli Kılıç Ali Pasha Koca Mustafa Pasha Küçük Mecidiye Laleli Little Hagia Sophia Manastır Mesih Mehmed Pasha Mihrimah Sultan, Edirnekapı Mihrimah Sultan, Üsküdar Molla Çelebi Muhammad Maarifi Murat Pasha Nallı New Nışançı Mehmed Pasha Nuruosmaniye Nusretiye Ortaköy Pertevniyal Valide Sultan Piri Mehmed Pasha Piyale Pasha Rum Mehmed Pasha Rüstem Pasha Şakirin Sanki Yedim Sancaktar Hayrettin Sancaklar Şehzade Selimiye Şemsi Pasha Şeyh Süleyman Sinan Pasha Şişli Sokollu Mehmed Pasha, Azapkapı Sokollu Mehmed Pasha, Büyükçekmece Sokollu Mehmed Pasha, Kadırga Süleymaniye Taksim Teşvikiye Vasat Atik Ali Pasha Vefa Yavuz Selim Yeni Valide Yıldız Hamidiye Zal Mahmud Pasha Zeynep Sultan Zeyrek
İzmir	Başdurak Birgi Grand Hisar İsa Bey Kestanepazarı Salepçioğlu Yalı
İznik	Green Haji Özbek
Konya	Akşehir Grand Alâeddin Aziziye Eşrefoğlu Ferruhsah Hacıveyiszade Kileci Selimiye Taşmedrese
Mersin	Bilal-i Habeşi Güzelloluk Laal Pasha Mersin Grand Mersin Old Müftü Muğdat Tarsus Grand Tarsus Old
Trabzon	Fatih İskender Pasha Nakip New Friday
Elsewhere	Abdülhamid Han Adana Great Ala, Kadirli Alaeddin, Eskişehir Alaaddin, Sinop Aziziye, Konya Behramşah Boyacı Çapanoğlu Divriği Great Göğceli Habib'i Neccar Hafsa Sultan İlyas Bey İzzet Mehmet Pasha İzzet Pasha Kahramanmaraş Grand Kazdağlı Kazim Bulut Kurşunlu Kuyularonu Liberation Mahmut Bey Menüçehr Nasrullah Niğde Alaaddin Oil Pertev Pasha Reşadiye Şaban Ağa Sabancı Merkez Şirvani Sivas Grand Sivrihisar Grand Sokollu Mehmed Pasha Uşak Grand Zagan Pasha Zeynel Abidin
Category List Islam in Turkey Ottoman architecture Mosques by country

Notes

Architect Attribution Clarification

The identification of Mimar Hayruddin (or Yakubshah ibn Islamshah) as the primary architect is based on scholarly interpretation of Ottoman documents. While Hayruddin is mentioned, his role is considered less primary than Yakubshah's by some sources. Further scholarly consensus supports Hayruddin's involvement, citing his experience with earlier architectural techniques.

Citations

Source References

The information presented is drawn from established architectural histories and scholarly works on Ottoman architecture and Istanbul. Key sources include:

Freely, John. Blue Guide Istanbul.
İnalcık, Halil. Ottoman Diplomacy.
Kuban, Doğan. Ottoman Architecture.
Goodwin, Godfrey. A History of Ottoman Architecture.
Van Millingen, Alexander. Byzantine Churches of Constantinople.
Ochsenwald, William. The Middle East: A History.
Dwight, Harrison Griswold. Constantinople: And Istanbul Old and New.
Sherrill, Charles Hitchcock. A Year's Embassy to Mustafa Kemal.
Vural Arslan, Tulin. "DEVELOPING A STRATEGIC APPROACH FOR MANAGING SUSTAINABLE REVITALISATION IN WORLD HERITAGE SITES: Historical Bazaar and Khans District, Bursa - Turkey". International Journal of Architectural Research: ArchNet-IJAR.
Islam Ansiklopedisi entry on "Bayezid II Camii ve Külliyesi".
Anadolu Agency report on the mosque's restoration.
Yerasimos, Stéphane. Constantinople: Istanbul's Historical Heritage.

Teacher's Corner

Edit and Print this course in the Wiki2Web Teacher Studio

Edit and Print Materials from this study in the wiki2web studio

Click here to open the "Bayezid Ii Mosque Istanbul" Wiki2Web Studio curriculum kit

Use the free Wiki2web Studio to generate printable flashcards, worksheets, exams, and export your materials as a web page or an interactive game.

True or False?

Test Your Knowledge!

Gamer's Corner

Are you ready for the Wiki2Web Clarity Challenge?

Learn about bayezid_ii_mosque_istanbul while playing the wiki2web Clarity Challenge game.

Unlock the mystery image and prove your knowledge by earning trophies. This simple game is addictively fun and is a great way to learn!

Play now

Explore More Topics

Discover other topics to study!

eastern state penitentiary

george i of great britain

portugal half marathon

butterfly roof

References

Van Millingen, Alexander (1912). Byzantine Churches of Constantinople. London: MacMillan & Co., p. 276.

A full list of references for this article are available at the Bayezid II Mosque, Istanbul Wikipedia page

Feedback & Support

To report an issue with this page, or to find out ways to support the mission, please click here.

Disclaimer

Important Notice

This page was generated by an Artificial Intelligence and is intended for informational and educational purposes only. The content is based on a snapshot of publicly available data from Wikipedia and may not be entirely accurate, complete, or up-to-date.

This is not professional architectural or historical advice. The information provided on this website is not a substitute for consultation with qualified historians, architects, or cultural heritage professionals. Always refer to primary sources and expert analyses for definitive information.

The creators of this page are not responsible for any errors or omissions, or for any actions taken based on the information provided herein.

Ottoman Masterpiece

💡 Dive in with Flashcard Learning! 💡

Historical Context 📜

👑 Imperial Commission

🏗️ Construction and Complex

🏛️ Architectural Attribution

🐦 The Pigeon Mosque

Architectural Design 🏛️

🗺️ Exterior Layout

📐 Structural Dimensions

💡 Interior Illumination

Exterior Details 🧱

🌳 Courtyard and Colonnade

💎 Materials and Construction

🚪 Entrance Portals

Interior Splendor ✨

🕌 Hagia Sophia Influence

🌟 Light and Space

👑 Sultan's Loge and Byzantine Elements

The Külliye: A Community Hub 🏘️

🌳 Garden and Mausolea

🛍️ Commercial and Educational Spaces

🧖 The Bayezid II Hamam

Preservation and Restoration 🛠️

⚠️ Historical Damage

✨ Modern Restoration Efforts

Related Topics 🔗

🌍 Islamic Architecture

🇹🇷 Turkish Heritage

Notes 📝

🧐 Architect Attribution Clarification

Citations 📚

📄 Source References

Further Reading 📖

🌐 Related Resources

Teacher's Corner 🧑‍🏫

Edit and Print this course in the Wiki2Web Teacher Studio

True or False? 🤔

❓ Test Your Knowledge! ❓

Gamer's Corner 🎮

Are you ready for the Wiki2Web Clarity Challenge?

Explore More Topics

📜 Discover other topics to study!

References

📜 References

Feedback & Support 👍

To report an issue with this page, or to find out ways to support the mission, please click here.

Disclaimer ⚠️

📜 Important Notice

Dive in with Flashcard Learning!

Historical Context

Imperial Commission

Construction and Complex

Architectural Attribution

The Pigeon Mosque

Architectural Design

Exterior Layout

Structural Dimensions

Interior Illumination

Exterior Details

Courtyard and Colonnade

Materials and Construction

Entrance Portals

Interior Splendor

Hagia Sophia Influence

Light and Space

Sultan's Loge and Byzantine Elements

The Külliye: A Community Hub

Garden and Mausolea

Commercial and Educational Spaces

The Bayezid II Hamam

Preservation and Restoration

Historical Damage

Modern Restoration Efforts

Related Topics

Islamic Architecture

Turkish Heritage

Notes

Architect Attribution Clarification

Citations

Source References

Further Reading

Related Resources

Teacher's Corner

True or False?

Test Your Knowledge!

Gamer's Corner

Discover other topics to study!

References

Feedback & Support

Disclaimer

Important Notice