What is IMDb and what was its original name?

IMDb, historically known as the Internet Movie Database, is an online database providing information related to films, television series, podcasts, home videos, video games, and streaming content.

What types of information does IMDb's online database include?

The database includes details such as cast and production crew, biographies, plot summaries, trivia, user ratings, and fan and critical reviews for various media content, making it a comprehensive resource for entertainment information.

When was IMDb founded and by whom?

IMDb was founded on October 17, 1990, by Col Needham, an English film fan and computer programmer, who initially compiled lists of film information.

How did IMDb originate before becoming a website?

IMDb originated in 1990 from a Usenet posting titled "Those Eyes" by Col Needham, which was about actresses with beautiful eyes. This initial posting evolved into extensive lists of films and television series, correlated with the actors and actresses appearing in them.

When did IMDb transition to the World Wide Web and what was its initial name there?

The database moved to the World Wide Web on August 5, 1993, under the name "Cardiff Internet Movie Database," marking its public debut as a web-based service.

Who currently owns and operates IMDb?

Since 1998, IMDb has been owned and operated by IMDb.com, Inc., which functions as a subsidiary of Amazon, a major e-commerce and technology company.

What was IMDb's global website ranking as of 2024?

As of 2024, IMDb was ranked as the 51st most visited website on the Internet, according to Semrush, indicating its significant global reach and popularity.

What information is displayed on user profile pages on IMDb?

User profile pages on IMDb display a user's registration date and, optionally, their personal ratings of titles. Since 2015, "badges" can also be added, showing a count of contributions across various categories like photos, trivia, and biographies.

How can entertainment industry professionals enhance their IMDb pages?

If a registered user or visitor is in the entertainment industry and has an IMDb page, they can add photos through IMDbPro, a professional subscription service.

What is the IMDb Top 250 list?

The IMDb Top 250 is a list of the top-rated 250 films, based on ratings submitted by registered users of the website, utilizing specific, undisclosed methods to ensure accuracy.

Which film holds the highest rank on the IMDb Top 250 list, and since when?

As of June 11, 2025, "The Shawshank Redemption" (1994), directed by Frank Darabont, has been the highest-ranked film on the IMDb Top 250 list since 2008.

What is known about the criteria for a user to be considered a "regular voter" for the Top 250 list?

IMDb deliberately keeps the criteria for a person to be counted as a "regular voter" secret to maintain the effectiveness and integrity of the Top 250 list, preventing manipulation of the rankings.

How is the weighted rating for the Top 250 films calculated?

The Top 250 films are based on a weighted rating formula, referred to in actuarial science as a credibility formula, which considers a statistic more reliable the greater the number of individual pieces of information, in this case, from eligible users who submit ratings.

What is the IMDb Bottom 100 feature, and what is its qualification requirement?

The IMDb also features a Bottom 100 list, which is assembled through a similar process to the Top 250, but a film only needs to receive 10,000 votes to qualify for this list, highlighting poorly rated films.

What types of content are included and excluded from the IMDb Top 250 film list?

The Top 250 list comprises a wide range of feature films, including major releases, cult films, independent films, critically acclaimed films, silent films, and non-English-language films. However, documentaries, short films, and TV episodes are not currently included.

When was a dedicated Top 250 list for television shows introduced?

A separate Top 250 list specifically devoted to ranking television shows was launched in 2015, providing a similar ranking system for TV content.

How did IMDb's title page layout evolve between 2010 and 2017?

In 2010, IMDb updated its title pages from a more sidebar/list-based view to more free-flowing layouts, offering logged-in users an "advanced view" site preference called "Combined view." In 2017, this setting was renamed "Reference view" and could be accessed by adding "/reference" to the end of the URL.

When were IMDb's message boards permanently removed, and what was the official reason?

All IMDb message boards and their content were permanently removed by February 20, 2017. The website stated that the decision was made because the boards were "no longer providing a positive, useful experience for the vast majority of our more than 250 million monthly users worldwide."

What additional factors contributed to the decision to remove IMDb's message boards?

Other factors mentioned for the removal of message boards included their susceptibility to trolling and disagreeable behavior, low income generated from ads, and the high cost of running the system due to its age and dated design, which did not make business sense.

How did users react to the removal of IMDb's message boards?

The decision to remove the message boards was met with outspoken backlash from some of its users, and it sparked an online petition that garnered over 8,000 signatures, demonstrating significant user disapproval.

How was the content of the IMDb message boards preserved after their removal?

In the days leading up to February 20, 2017, both Archive.org and MovieChat.org preserved the entire contents of the IMDb message boards using web scraping, and they have since published these archives, making the historical discussions accessible.

What is IMDbPro, and what is its annual membership fee?

IMDbPro is a subscription service designed for actors, crew, and industry executives, allowing them to post their resumes and upload photos of themselves for a yearly membership fee of US$149.99.

What are the key benefits of an IMDbPro membership for industry personnel?

IMDbPro membership enables users to access the rank order of each industry personality, agent contact information, and allows existing actors to claim their name page, as well as production companies to claim titles they own or manage. Members can also upload a headshot and hundreds of photos to their page.

Who was Rob Hartill in the early history of IMDb?

Rob Hartill was the original web interface author when the Cardiff Internet Movie Database first moved onto the World Wide Web in 1993, playing a crucial role in its early online presence.

How did IMDb generate revenue as an independent company before being acquired by Amazon?

As an independent company, IMDb generated general revenue for its site operations through advertising, licensing, and various partnerships, establishing a business model before its acquisition.

What was Amazon.com's strategic intention behind acquiring IMDb in 1998?

Amazon.com, led by Jeff Bezos, intended to use IMDb as an advertising resource for selling DVDs and videotapes, integrating it into Amazon's expanding product line and e-commerce strategy.

What is the purpose of the annual newsletter email sent by Col Needham to contributors?

An annual newsletter email, sent by Col Needham to contributors on the first day of each calendar year, lists various information about the past year on the site, including statistics, a tally of the top contributors, and a perspective on the site's progress and future.

What incentive does IMDb offer to its top data contributors?

As an additional incentive, users identified as one of the "top 100 contributors" of hard data (a number later increased to 150, then 250) receive complimentary free access to IMDbPro for the following calendar year.

When did IMDb launch its first official foreign-language version, and what language was it in?

IMDb launched its first official foreign-language version, IMDb.de, in German, in 2008, expanding its global reach beyond English-speaking audiences.

What two companies did IMDb acquire in 2008?

In 2008, IMDb acquired two other companies: Withoutabox, a platform for film festival submissions, and Box Office Mojo, a website known for tracking box office revenue.

What is known about the software IMDb uses to run its website?

IMDb was originally Perl-based, but for security reasons, it no longer discloses the specific software it uses, apart from mentioning The Apache Software Foundation, which provides open-source software for web servers.

When was the IMDb website filtered in China?

The IMDb website was filtered in China in 2010, restricting access for users within the country.

What is "The IMDb Studio at Sundance"?

"The IMDb Studio at Sundance" is a talk show that was launched in 2016 and is presented on both IMDb's website and YouTube, offering interviews and content related to the Sundance Film Festival.

Where is IMDb's main office located, and who was managing it as of its 25th anniversary?

As of its 25th anniversary in April 2017, IMDb's main office was located in Bristol, in the Castlemead office tower, and was still managed by its founder, Col Needham.

Describe the evolution of IMDb's ad-supported streaming service.

In January 2019, IMDb launched an ad-supported streaming service called Freedive. This service was rebranded as IMDb TV in June 2019, and then rebranded again as Amazon Freevee in April 2022, reflecting its ownership by Amazon.

What happened to Amazon Freevee as an independent site on December 30, 2024?

On December 30, 2024, Amazon Freevee was closed as an independent site, and its content was merged into Amazon Prime Video, consolidating Amazon's streaming offerings.

What is IMDb's "Résumé Subscription Service" and when was it introduced?

IMDb introduced its "Résumé Subscription Service" in 2006, allowing actors or crew members to post their professional resumes and upload photos for a yearly fee, enhancing their online presence.

What is the copyright policy for content contributed by volunteers to IMDb?

Volunteers who contribute content to the database technically retain copyright on their individual contributions, but the compilation of all content becomes the exclusive property of IMDb, which holds the full right to copy, modify, and sublicense it.

How does IMDb manage data manipulation compared to other user-contributed projects?

IMDb differs from user-contributed projects like Discogs, OpenStreetMap, or Wikipedia in that contributors cannot add, delete, or modify data or text on impulse. Instead, the manipulation of data is controlled by IMDb's technology and salaried staff, and submitted data is verified before posting.

What is IMDb's response to deliberate additions of false information or occasional mistakes?

IMDb has been subject to deliberate additions of false information. A spokesperson stated in 2012 that while they make it easy for users to update content, occasional mistakes are inevitable due to the sheer volume of information, but they are promptly fixed when reported, and corrections are always welcomed.

What is the Java Movie Database (JMDB) and its relation to IMDb data?

The Java Movie Database (JMDB) is reportedly creating an IMDb_Error.log file that lists all the errors found while processing the IMDb plain text files. It also provides a Java-based graphical user interface (GUI) application that can process these files, allowing users to search and display the information.

What is Open Media Database, and how does its content licensing differ from IMDb's?

Open Media Database is a Wiki alternative to IMDb, where content is also contributed by users, but it is licensed under a Creative Commons license (CC BY) and the GNU Free Documentation License, offering more open access and reuse compared to IMDb's proprietary license.

Does IMDb provide an API for automated queries, and how can its data be accessed otherwise?

IMDb does not provide an API for automated queries. However, most of its data can be downloaded as compressed plain text files, and the information can be extracted using command-line interface tools provided by IMDb.

What programming tools are available for processing IMDb's plain text data files?

Besides command-line tools, a Java-based graphical user interface (GUI) application is available to process the compressed plain text files. Additionally, a Python package called IMDbPY (since renamed cinemagoer) can be used to process these files into various SQL databases, facilitating easier searching and data mining of the entire dataset.

When did IMDb introduce the ability to add podcasts to its database, and what were the statistics for podcasts as of December 2022?

On October 21, 2021, IMDb added the ability to include podcasts (both as series and episodes) as titles to the site. As of December 2022, the database contained 24,778 podcast series and 3,076,386 podcast episodes.

What are IMDb STARmeter Awards, and how are recipients determined?

IMDb STARmeter Awards are presented annually to industry professionals in various categories. Recipients are considered from those who have appeared in IMDb's annual "top 10 lists," which are determined using data from IMDbPro STARmeter rankings, based on actual page views from the site's more than 200 million monthly visitors.

What are the categories for IMDb STARmeter Awards, and who received the inaugural "IMDb Icon STARmeter Award"?

Initially, IMDb STARmeter Awards were given in two categories: "IMDb Fan Favorite STARmeter Award" and "IMDb Breakout STARmeter Award." To celebrate IMDbPro's 20th anniversary, the "IMDb Icon STARmeter Award" was launched for prominent artists who have appeared in the top 10 positions throughout the year, with Salma Hayek receiving the inaugural award.

What was the "Hoang v. Amazon.com, Inc." lawsuit about, and what was its outcome?

In 2011, an anonymous actress, later identified as Huong Hoang (stage name Junie Hoang), sued IMDb for publicly disclosing her age (40), claiming it could cause her to lose acting opportunities. While initial anonymous complaints were dismissed, a re-filed breach of contract claim against IMDb was ultimately decided in favor of IMDb by a jury in 2013, a decision affirmed by the Court of Appeals in March 2015.

What was the "United Video Properties Inc., et al. v. Amazon.Com Inc. et al." lawsuit about, and what was its resolution?

In 2011, IMDb and Amazon were sued by Rovi Corporation and others for patent infringement over their program listing offerings. The patent claims were ultimately construed in a way favorable to IMDb, leading to Rovi/United Video Properties losing the case, with the decision affirmed by the U.S. Court of Appeals in April 2014.

What was California state bill AB-1687, and what was its fate?

Enacted in January 2017, California state bill AB-1687 was a SAG-AFTRA-backed anti-ageism statute requiring "commercial online entertainment employment services" to honor requests from subscribers to hide their ages and birthdays. However, a U.S. district judge issued a stay on the bill in February 2017, questioning its First Amendment implications and intent to target IMDb, and ultimately struck down the statute in February 2018, a decision affirmed by the Ninth Circuit in June 2020 as an unconstitutional content-based restriction.

Imdb Wiki: IMDb Unveiled: A Scholarly Look at the Internet Movie Database

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Overview

The Premier Online Media Database

IMDb, originally known as the Internet Movie Database, stands as a comprehensive online repository of information pertaining to films, television series, podcasts, home videos, video games, and various forms of streaming content. This extensive database meticulously catalogs details such as cast and production crew, biographical information, plot summaries, intriguing trivia, user-generated ratings, and both fan and critical reviews. It serves as a critical resource for both industry professionals and enthusiasts alike.

Global Reach and Influence

Originating as a grassroots, fan-operated movie database on the Usenet group "rec.arts.movies" in 1990, IMDb transitioned to the World Wide Web in 1993. Its growth has been exponential, leading to its acquisition and operation by IMDb.com, Inc., a subsidiary of Amazon, since 1998. As of 2024, IMDb is recognized as the 51st most visited website globally, underscoring its significant digital footprint. By March 2022, the platform boasted an impressive collection of approximately 10.1 million titles, including television episodes, 11.5 million person records, and a vast community of 83 million registered users.

Proprietary Content Model

While much of its content is contributed by a global community of users, the overall content license for IMDb is proprietary. This model allows IMDb to maintain stringent control over the compilation and presentation of its vast dataset, ensuring consistency and quality. This approach differentiates it from purely open-source, user-editable platforms, as all submitted data undergoes a verification process by IMDb staff before being published.

Key Features

User Profiles and Contributions

Registered users on IMDb can maintain personal profiles that display their registration date and, optionally, their individual ratings of titles. Since 2015, users have been able to earn "badges" that quantify their contributions across various categories, such as photos, trivia, and biographies. This gamified system encourages active participation and acknowledges the efforts of its dedicated community. Industry professionals with an IMDb page can further enhance their profiles by adding photos through IMDbPro.

Curated Rankings and Lists

IMDb is renowned for its user-generated rankings, most notably the "IMDb Top 250" films. This list is dynamically generated based on ratings from "regular voters" and employs a weighted rating formula, akin to an actuarial credibility formula, to ensure robustness. The specific criteria for a "regular voter" remain undisclosed to maintain the integrity of the list. Since 2008, The Shawshank Redemption has consistently held the top position. A similar "Bottom 100" list exists, requiring a minimum of 10,000 votes for qualification. Furthermore, a dedicated "Top 250" list for television shows was introduced in 2015.

The weighted rating formula for the Top 250 list is designed to give more credibility to statistics derived from a larger number of individual pieces of information, i.e., votes from eligible users. While the current formula is proprietary, IMDb previously used a specific formula for its weighted rating calculation. The lists primarily feature feature films, excluding documentaries, short films, and TV episodes, though a separate list exists for TV series.

IMDbPro: Industry Access

IMDbPro is a subscription-based service tailored for entertainment industry professionals, including actors, crew members, and executives. For an annual fee of US$149.99, members gain enhanced access and privileges. These include the ability to post detailed resumes, upload extensive photo galleries, view the rank order of industry personalities, and access agent contact information. IMDbPro also allows professionals and production companies to claim and manage their respective pages, providing a centralized platform for career management and industry networking.

Evolving Interface and Archival

Historically, IMDb's title pages featured a sidebar/list-based layout. In 2010, the site transitioned to more free-flowing designs, offering a "Combined view" (later "Reference view") for logged-in users who preferred the older display or for data editing purposes. This "Reference view" remains accessible by appending `/reference` to a title's URL. Notably, the site's message boards, a long-standing feature, were permanently removed in February 2017. This decision, attributed to issues with trolling and a lack of positive user experience, sparked considerable user backlash and led to the archival of their content by independent entities like Archive.org and MovieChat.org.

Historical Trajectory

From Usenet to the Web

IMDb's genesis can be traced back to 1990, initiated by British film enthusiast and computer programmer Col Needham. His Usenet posting, "Those Eyes," which cataloged actresses with beautiful eyes, rapidly evolved into a comprehensive database. By late 1990, this collection encompassed nearly 10,000 films and television series. On October 17, 1990, Needham made his private database publicly accessible on the internet, marking the birth of the "rec.arts.movies movie database." The database further expanded to include diverse categories, integrated movie ratings, and a centralized email interface for queries, developed by Alan Jay. On August 5, 1993, it officially launched on the World Wide Web as the "Cardiff Internet Movie Database," hosted on servers at Cardiff University, with Rob Hartill as the original web interface author. The platform relied on a global network of mirrors and donated bandwidth to sustain its operations.

Corporate Evolution and Amazon Acquisition

In 1996, IMDb was formally incorporated in the United Kingdom as Internet Movie Database Ltd., with Col Needham assuming the role of primary owner. The company initially generated revenue through advertising, licensing, and strategic partnerships. A pivotal moment occurred in 1998 when Jeff Bezos, founder and CEO of Amazon.com, acquired IMDb for $55 million. This acquisition integrated IMDb as a private subsidiary of Amazon, strategically positioning it as an advertising and sales resource for DVDs and videotapes, aligning with Amazon's broader product expansion goals.

Global Expansion and Innovation

Following its acquisition by Amazon, IMDb continued to innovate and expand its offerings. Since 1996, Col Needham has issued an annual newsletter to contributors, detailing site statistics, recognizing top contributors (who receive complimentary IMDbPro access), and outlining future directions. In 2008, IMDb launched its first official foreign-language version, IMDb.de (German), and acquired key industry resources, Withoutabox and Box Office Mojo. The platform also ventured into original content, launching "The IMDb Studio at Sundance" talk show in 2016. In 2019, IMDb introduced an ad-supported streaming service, Freedive, which was subsequently rebranded as IMDb TV and later as Amazon Freevee, before its content was merged into Amazon Prime Video in December 2024.

Content & Access

User-Generated Data and Verification

IMDb's vast content is largely fueled by volunteer contributions. While contributors technically retain copyright over their submissions, the compiled database becomes the exclusive property of IMDb, granting the company full rights to copy, modify, and sublicense the content. All submitted data undergoes a rigorous series of consistency checks by IMDb technology and salaried staff before being published, ensuring accuracy. Unlike wiki-style platforms, contributors cannot directly modify live data; instead, changes are processed and verified by IMDb. This process helps mitigate vandalism, though occasional errors are acknowledged and promptly corrected when reported.

API Limitations and Data Access

A notable characteristic of IMDb's data management is its lack of a public API for automated queries, distinguishing it from many modern web services. However, a significant portion of its data is available for download as compressed plain text files. Users can extract and process this information using command-line interface tools provided by IMDb. Furthermore, third-party applications like the Java Movie Database (JMDB) offer graphical user interfaces to navigate these files, and Python packages such as IMDbPY (now cinemagoer) facilitate the conversion of these files into SQL databases for easier searching and data mining.

Expanding to Podcasts

Demonstrating its commitment to evolving with media consumption trends, IMDb expanded its content scope to include podcasts. On October 21, 2021, the platform announced the ability to add podcasts, both as series and individual episodes, to its database. This integration reflects the growing prominence of audio content in the entertainment landscape. As of December 2022, the database contained 24,778 podcast series and an impressive 3,076,386 podcast episodes, showcasing a rapid adoption and comprehensive cataloging of this medium.

IMDb STARmeter Awards

Recognizing Industry Professionals

The IMDb STARmeter Awards are an annual recognition program designed to honor industry professionals across various categories. These awards are uniquely determined by data derived from IMDbPro STARmeter rankings, which are themselves based on the actual page views generated by the site's extensive user base of over 200 million monthly visitors. This data-driven approach provides a quantifiable measure of an individual's popularity and industry buzz.

Award Categories and Inaugural Honorees

Initially, the STARmeter Awards were presented in two primary categories: the "IMDb Fan Favorite STARmeter Award" and the "IMDb Breakout STARmeter Award," recognizing established popularity and emerging talent, respectively. To commemorate the 20th anniversary of IMDbPro, a new prestigious category, the "IMDb Icon STARmeter Award," was introduced. This award is bestowed upon prominent artists who have consistently maintained top-10 positions in the STARmeter rankings throughout the year, signifying sustained influence and recognition within the industry. Salma Hayek was the recipient of this inaugural Icon Award.

Legal & Policy

Age Disclosure Controversies

IMDb has faced several legal challenges, notably concerning the public disclosure of personal information. In 2011, an anonymous actress, later identified as Junie Hoang, sued Amazon.com, Inc. (IMDb's parent company) for publicly revealing her age, claiming it negatively impacted her career opportunities. While initial lawsuits were dismissed, a breach of contract claim proceeded, with the jury ultimately siding with IMDb. This case highlighted the tension between public information and personal privacy in the digital age. Subsequently, California enacted AB-1687 in 2017, an anti-ageism statute requiring entertainment employment services to hide subscriber ages upon request. However, this law was challenged by IMDb and ultimately struck down by federal courts as an unconstitutional restriction on free speech.

Patent Infringement and Data Policy Shifts

Beyond age disclosure, IMDb and Amazon were also sued in 2011 by Rovi Corporation for alleged patent infringement related to program listing offerings. The courts ultimately ruled in favor of IMDb, affirming the decision in 2014. In a significant policy shift in 2019, IMDb began removing birth names of individuals who no longer used them and whose birth names were not widely and publicly known. This change was a direct response to advocacy from LGBTQ+ groups, addressing concerns about "deadnaming" transgender individuals. However, any name under which a person was previously credited continues to be maintained within the credits section of their profile, balancing privacy with historical accuracy.

Platform Statistics

Content Volume by Type

As of March 28, 2025, IMDb meticulously tracks a vast array of media content across 13 distinct categories. The sheer volume of entries underscores its position as a leading authority in entertainment data. The table below provides a detailed breakdown of the number of titles within each category, illustrating the breadth and depth of the database.

Type	Titles
Movie	706,198
TV Series	276,408
Short	1,049,621
TV Episode	8,641,299
TV Mini Series	60,380
TV Movie	150,311
TV Special	51,758
TV Short	10,602
Video Game	41,899
Video	198,604
Music Video	189,149
Podcast Series	74,037
Podcast Episode	11,496,163

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References

IMDb.com v. Becerra, et al., nos. 18-15463, 18-15469 (9th Cir. June 19, 2020).

A full list of references for this article are available at the IMDb Wikipedia page

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Disclaimer

Important Notice

This page was generated by an Artificial Intelligence and is intended for informational and educational purposes only. The content is based on a snapshot of publicly available data from Wikipedia and may not be entirely accurate, complete, or up-to-date.

This is not professional advice. The information provided on this website is not a substitute for professional legal, business, or entertainment industry consultation. Always refer to official sources, terms of service, and consult with qualified professionals for specific needs or decisions related to the entertainment industry, data usage, or legal matters. Never disregard professional advice because of something you have read on this website.

The creators of this page are not responsible for any errors or omissions, or for any actions taken based on the information provided herein.

IMDb Unveiled

💡 Dive in with Flashcard Learning! 💡

Overview ℹ️

🌐 The Premier Online Media Database

📈 Global Reach and Influence

⚖️ Proprietary Content Model

Key Features ✨

👤 User Profiles and Contributions

📊 Curated Rankings and Lists

💼 IMDbPro: Industry Access

📜 Evolving Interface and Archival

Historical Trajectory ⏳

🌱 From Usenet to the Web

🏢 Corporate Evolution and Amazon Acquisition

🌍 Global Expansion and Innovation

Content & Access 📚

✍️ User-Generated Data and Verification

🚫 API Limitations and Data Access

🎧 Expanding to Podcasts

IMDb STARmeter Awards 🏆

🌟 Recognizing Industry Professionals

🏅 Award Categories and Inaugural Honorees

Legal & Policy ⚖️

🚫 Age Disclosure Controversies

📜 Patent Infringement and Data Policy Shifts

Platform Statistics 📊

📦 Content Volume by Type

Teacher's Corner 🧑‍🏫

Edit and Print this course in the Wiki2Web Teacher Studio

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❓ Test Your Knowledge! ❓

Gamer's Corner 🎮

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References

📜 References

Feedback & Support 👍

To report an issue with this page, or to find out ways to support the mission, please click here.

Disclaimer ⚠️

📜 Important Notice

Dive in with Flashcard Learning!

Overview

The Premier Online Media Database

Global Reach and Influence

Proprietary Content Model

Key Features

User Profiles and Contributions

Curated Rankings and Lists

IMDbPro: Industry Access

Evolving Interface and Archival

Historical Trajectory

From Usenet to the Web

Corporate Evolution and Amazon Acquisition

Global Expansion and Innovation

Content & Access

User-Generated Data and Verification

API Limitations and Data Access

Expanding to Podcasts

IMDb STARmeter Awards

Recognizing Industry Professionals

Award Categories and Inaugural Honorees

Legal & Policy

Age Disclosure Controversies

Patent Infringement and Data Policy Shifts

Platform Statistics

Content Volume by Type

Teacher's Corner

True or False?

Test Your Knowledge!

Gamer's Corner

Discover other topics to study!

References

Feedback & Support

Disclaimer

Important Notice