What are the primary bus routes discussed in the article, and where do they primarily operate?

The article focuses on the M10 and M20 bus routes, which operate in Manhattan, New York City, primarily along the Eighth Avenue corridor. These routes serve different segments of this corridor, with the M10 covering the northern part and the M20 covering the southern part.

What were the original modes of transportation for the Eighth Avenue Line before it was converted to bus service?

The Eighth Avenue Line originally operated as a streetcar line. Buses were later substituted for streetcars in March 1936.

When did the Eighth Avenue Line first begin service as a streetcar line, and what was its initial route?

The Eighth Avenue Railroad opened the line as a streetcar service on August 30, 1852. It initially ran from Canal Street and Varick Street along Canal Street, Hudson Street, and Eighth Avenue up to 51st Street.

How did the M10 and M20 routes come to be, and when did this division occur?

The M10 and M20 routes were created from a single, longer M10 route. This division took place on January 16, 2000, when the southern segment was renamed the M20, while the northern section retained the M10 designation.

What was the approximate length of the original M10 route before it was split?

Before being split into the M10 and M20, the original M10 route was approximately 10 miles (16 km) long, connecting Harlem to Lower Manhattan.

Describe the general routing of the M10 bus in Manhattan.

The M10 bus begins in Harlem at Frederick Douglass Boulevard, near 158th Street. Southbound, it travels along Frederick Douglass Boulevard, which becomes Central Park West, and then turns onto Broadway to terminate at 57th Street and Broadway. Northbound, it follows Eighth Avenue for its entire length towards Harlem.

What is the southern terminus of the M10 bus route, and where does it connect?

The southern terminus of the M10 bus route is at 57th Street and Broadway, near Columbus Circle. This location is in the Upper Midtown Manhattan area.

What is the northern terminus of the M10 bus route, and in which neighborhood is it located?

The northern terminus of the M10 bus route is in Harlem, starting on Frederick Douglass Boulevard near 158th Street, adjacent to the Polo Grounds Towers housing complex.

How has the southern terminus of the M10 route changed since 2010?

The M10's southern terminus was truncated to Columbus Circle in June 2010. However, it was later extended by two blocks to 57th Street in April 2011.

Describe the general routing of the M20 bus in Manhattan.

The M20 bus starts at Broadway and West 63rd Street in Lincoln Center. Southbound, it travels through Columbus Circle, down Seventh Avenue, Varick Street, West Broadway, and various streets in Battery Park City before terminating at Whitehall Street near the Staten Island Ferry Terminal. Northbound, it follows a similar path through Battery Park City and then uses Hudson Street and Eighth Avenue to reach its northern terminus at West 63rd Street.

What is the southern terminus of the M20 bus route, and where is it located?

The southern terminus of the M20 bus route is at Whitehall Street, located along the Staten Island Ferry Whitehall Terminal bus loop in Lower Manhattan.

What is the northern terminus of the M20 bus route, and in which area of Manhattan is it located?

The northern terminus of the M20 bus route is at Broadway and West 63rd Street, in the Lincoln Center area of Manhattan.

What was the impact of the September 11 attacks on the M20 bus service?

Following the September 11 attacks in 2001, the M20 service was initially revised to terminate in the northern section of Battery Park City. This revised service was restored to its previous route in May 2002.

What types of buses are used on the M10 route?

The M10 route utilizes Orion VII NG HEV and New Flyer Xcelsior XDE40 buses.

What types of buses are used on the M20 route?

The M20 route uses Nova Bus LFS HEV, New Flyer Xcelsior XD40, and New Flyer Xcelsior XE40 buses.

What was the reason for splitting the original M10 route into the M10 and M20?

The split was implemented because the original M10 route was considered 'extremely long and unreliable' with long headways between buses, according to a performance report issued in January 1999.

What was the operational history of the Eighth Avenue Line before becoming bus routes?

The Eighth Avenue Line began as a streetcar line operated by the Eighth Avenue Railroad, opening in 1852. It was later converted to bus service in March 1936, with operations eventually taken over by the Manhattan and Bronx Surface Transit Operating Authority (MaBSTOA).

How did the conversion of streets to one-way traffic affect the M10 route in 1954?

In June 1954, due to streets becoming one-way, Eighth Avenue became northbound between Abingdon Square and Columbus Circle, and Hudson Street became northbound between Chambers Street and Abingdon Square. Southbound M10 service was rerouted along Broadway, Seventh Avenue, and West Broadway. Additionally, the Route 8 bus service was discontinued and combined with Route 10 (later M10) to simplify operations and eliminate a U-turn.

When did the M10 route begin operating under the M10 designation, and who took over operations?

The route, previously known as Route 10, was renamed M10 in 1962 when the Manhattan and Bronx Surface Transit Operating Authority (MaBSTOA) replaced the Fifth Avenue Coach Lines.

What changes were made to the M10's southern terminus in anticipation of the World Trade Center construction?

On January 16, 1966, the M10 branch to Cortlandt Street was cut back to Vesey Street in preparation for street reconfigurations due to the World Trade Center construction.

When was limited-stop service introduced for the M10, and during what hours did it operate?

Weekday limited-stop service for the M10 began on May 9, 1977. It operated northbound between 4 p.m. and 5:20 p.m., and southbound between 6:40 a.m. and 8:30 a.m.

What was the purpose of extending the M10 route into Battery Park City in 1987?

The extension into Battery Park City was proposed to serve the developing area and involved rerouting the bus along specific streets to improve service and eliminate bottlenecks, affecting a small number of riders.

What was the MTA's assessment of the M10 route's performance in January 1999?

In January 1999, the MTA described the M10 route as 'extremely long and unreliable,' noting long headways between buses.

What was the consequence of the M10's southern terminus truncation in 2010 on its ridership?

The truncation of the M10's southern terminus to Columbus Circle in 2010 resulted in a significant drop in its ridership, as passengers began using alternative routes like the M7, M20, and the subway.

How did the M20 route change in 2010 in relation to other bus routes?

In June 2010, the M20 was extended to South Ferry, taking over the service previously provided by the M9 south of City Hall.

What is the approximate length of the M10 bus route?

The M10 bus route is approximately 5.3 miles (8.5 km) long.

What is the approximate length of the M20 bus route?

The M20 bus route is approximately 6.2 miles (10.0 km) long.

What are the operating hours for the M10 and M20 bus routes?

Both the M10 and M20 bus routes operate from approximately 4:50 AM to 1:50 AM.

What was the annual patronage for the M10 and M20 routes in 2024?

In 2024, the M10 had an annual patronage of 1,082,919, while the M20 had an annual patronage of 450,883.

What are the designated garages for the M10 and M20 bus routes?

The M10 bus is based out of the Manhattanville Depot, while the M20 bus is based out of the Michael J. Quill Depot.

Which streets does the M10 use in Upper Manhattan and Midtown for its southbound route?

Southbound, the M10 travels on Frederick Douglass Boulevard, which becomes Central Park West at 110th Street. In Midtown, it turns west onto 63rd Street, then south onto Broadway, terminating at 57th Street.

Which streets does the M20 use in Lower Manhattan for its southbound route?

Southbound, the M20 travels on Varick Street, then West Broadway, Chambers Street, West Street, North End Avenue, Vesey Street, a stretch of West Street, South End Avenue, Battery Place, and State Street to reach its terminus.

Which streets does the M20 use in Midtown Manhattan for its northbound route?

Northbound, the M20 uses West 66th Street, Broadway, and then turns west to reach its terminus at West 63rd Street. It also uses Hudson Street and Eighth Avenue to reach Midtown from Lower Manhattan.

What was the significance of the change on June 6, 1954, for the Route 10 (M10) service?

On June 6, 1954, several streets were converted to one-way, leading to modifications in the Route 10's path, including changes to Eighth Avenue, Hudson Street, Seventh Avenue, and Varick Street, and rerouting southbound service along Broadway.

What was the original name of the company that operated the Eighth Avenue bus service before it was taken over by MaBSTOA?

Before being taken over by the Manhattan and Bronx Surface Transit Operating Authority (MaBSTOA) in 1962, the route was operated by the New York City Omnibus Corporation, and prior to that, the Eighth Avenue Coach Corporation.

What was the purpose of the M10 Limited service introduced in 1977?

The M10 Limited service was introduced to provide limited-stop service during peak commuting hours, operating northbound in the afternoon and southbound in the morning.

What was the rationale behind rerouting the M20 in Battery Park City in December 2002?

The rerouting was proposed because West Street was difficult to cross and had high curbs, making it challenging for the M20 to stop southbound. The changes aimed to improve access and service within Battery Park City.

What was the estimated annual cost savings from truncating the M10's southern terminus in 2010?

The truncation of the M10's southern terminus in 2010 was estimated to save $1.1 million annually.

What was the impact of the M10's southern terminus truncation on the M20 route?

The truncation of the M10's southern terminus led to an increase in ridership on the M20, partly due to the M20's extension to South Ferry.

What is the significance of the street names mentioned in the M10 and M20 route descriptions?

The street names mentioned, such as Frederick Douglass Boulevard, Central Park West, Eighth Avenue, Broadway, Seventh Avenue, Varick Street, West Broadway, Chambers Street, and Whitehall Street, define the specific paths these bus routes take through Manhattan.

What subway lines connect with the M10 and M20 routes, as indicated by the route map legend?

The M10 route connects with subway lines A, B, C, D, and 1, 2, 3 at various points. The M20 route connects with subway lines 1, N, Q, R, W, A, C, E, F, L, M, and PATH trains.

What was the original name of the bus company that took over the Eighth Avenue route in 1936?

In March 1936, the Eighth Avenue Coach Corporation, which was owned by the Fifth Avenue Coach Company, took over operations of the route.

What was the purpose of the M10's service extension to Battery Park City in late 1987?

The extension was part of modifications to serve Battery Park City, involving rerouting the M10 to better access the area and eliminate service on certain streets, impacting a small number of riders.

What was the MTA's rationale for the M10's southern terminus truncation in 2010?

The truncation was due to budget constraints during the Great Recession, aiming to save $1.1 million annually.

What was the original alignment of the Eighth Avenue streetcar line south of Canal Street?

South of Canal Street, the original streetcar line ran along Canal Street east to Broadway.

What was the original alignment of the Eighth Avenue streetcar line north of 51st Street?

The streetcar line was eventually extended north to 159th Street, with a branch along Macomb's Lane to 154th Street.

What was the impact of the M10 route split on transfers between the M10 and M20?

Riders transferring between the newly split M10 and M20 routes were provided with an additional free transfer.

What was the impact of the M10 route split on other bus services in Lower Manhattan?

Following the split, westbound M14 service was increased during the afternoon, as the M10 no longer served Abingdon Square.

What specific streets form the northern terminus of the M10 bus route?

The M10 bus route begins in Harlem on Frederick Douglass Boulevard, near where 158th Street would be, east of the Polo Grounds Towers.

M10 And M20 Buses Wiki: Manhattan's Arteries: An Exploration of the M10 and M20 Bus Corridors

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Route Overview

Corridor Significance

The M10 and M20 bus routes traverse Manhattan primarily along the historic Eighth Avenue corridor. These routes serve as vital conduits, connecting the northern neighborhoods of Harlem with the bustling commercial and residential areas of Midtown and Lower Manhattan, including key transit hubs and cultural centers.

Operational Framework

Managed by MTA Regional Bus Operations, these routes are operated by the Manhattan and Bronx Surface Transit Operating Authority (MaBSTOA). This organizational structure ensures the provision of essential public transportation services across a significant portion of Manhattan's west side.

Route Interconnection

Originally a single route, the Eighth Avenue Line was bifurcated in 2000 into the M10 and M20. The M10 now primarily serves the northern segment from Harlem down to Midtown, while the M20 covers the southern segment, extending from Midtown down to South Ferry in Lower Manhattan. They intersect in the vicinity of Lincoln Center and Columbus Circle.

Route Details

M10 Northbound

The M10 route commences its northbound journey in Harlem, originating near the Polo Grounds Towers complex. It proceeds south along Frederick Douglass Boulevard, which transitions into Central Park West at West 110th Street. The route continues through Midtown, terminating at West 57th Street and Broadway, adjacent to Columbus Circle.

M20 Southbound

The M20 begins its southbound service in Lincoln Center at West 63rd Street. It navigates through Columbus Circle, then proceeds east on 59th Street before heading south via Seventh Avenue, Varick Street, and West Broadway. The route concludes at the Staten Island Ferry Whitehall Terminal in Lower Manhattan.

Key Thoroughfares

These routes utilize a network of critical Manhattan avenues. The M10 prominently features Frederick Douglass Boulevard and Central Park West. The M20 traverses Seventh Avenue, Varick Street, West Broadway, and various streets in Battery Park City, reflecting the complex grid and diagonal street patterns of the city.

Historical Trajectory

Streetcar Origins

The foundational infrastructure for these routes dates back to August 30, 1852, when the Eighth Avenue Railroad established a streetcar line. This initial service extended from Canal Street along Varick Street, Hudson Street, and Eighth Avenue, eventually reaching 51st Street. Subsequent extensions pushed the service further north to 159th Street.

Transition to Bus Service

The substitution of buses for streetcars marked a significant evolution in the line's operational history. This transition, occurring in 1936, adapted the service to modern transit needs. The route was consolidated under the M10 designation for many years.

Route Division

In the year 2000, the singular M10 route was divided into two distinct services: the M10 and the M20. This strategic realignment aimed to better serve the specific needs of the northern (M10) and southern (M20) segments of the Eighth Avenue corridor, optimizing coverage and efficiency.

Fleet Composition

M10 Fleet

The M10 route is primarily serviced by a fleet that includes the Orion VII Next Generation Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) and New Flyer Xcelsior models. These vehicles represent modern advancements in bus technology, emphasizing fuel efficiency and reduced emissions.

M20 Fleet

The M20 route utilizes Nova Bus LFS HEV and New Flyer Xcelsior XD40/XE40 models. These hybrid electric buses are integral to the MTA's strategy for sustainable urban transportation, offering improved performance and environmental benefits.

Operational Metrics

Operating Hours

Service operates daily, commencing around 4:50 AM and concluding near 1:50 AM, providing extensive coverage throughout the day and into the late night hours to accommodate a wide range of commuter needs.

Annual Patronage

In 2024, the M10 route served an estimated 1,082,919 passengers, while the M20 accommodated approximately 450,883 passengers. These figures underscore the significant ridership and importance of these routes within Manhattan's public transit network.

Connectivity

Both routes offer seamless transfer opportunities with other MTA services, including subway lines and additional bus routes. This interconnectedness is crucial for facilitating efficient travel across the city's complex transportation system.

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References

A full list of references for this article are available at the M10 and M20 buses Wikipedia page

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Important Considerations

This document has been generated by an AI system for educational and informational purposes. The content is derived from publicly available data and aims to provide a comprehensive overview suitable for advanced academic study. While efforts have been made to ensure accuracy and completeness based on the source material, users are advised that the information represents a snapshot in time and may not encompass all nuances or real-time updates.

This is not professional transportation or urban planning advice. The information presented herein should not substitute consultation with qualified transportation authorities, urban planners, or transit professionals. Always refer to official MTA documentation for the most current and authoritative information regarding bus routes, schedules, and operations.

The creators of this content are not liable for any inaccuracies, omissions, or actions taken based on the information provided.

Manhattan's Arteries

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Route Overview 📍

🗺️ Corridor Significance

🏢 Operational Framework

🔗 Route Interconnection

Route Details 🛣️

⬆️ M10 Northbound

⬇️ M20 Southbound

↔️ Key Thoroughfares

Historical Trajectory ⏳

🐎 Streetcar Origins

🚌 Transition to Bus Service

✂️ Route Division

Fleet Composition 🚗

⚙️ M10 Fleet

⚡ M20 Fleet

Operational Metrics 📊

⏰ Operating Hours

👥 Annual Patronage

🔄 Connectivity

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Route Overview

Corridor Significance

Operational Framework

Route Interconnection

Route Details

M10 Northbound

M20 Southbound

Key Thoroughfares

Historical Trajectory

Streetcar Origins

Transition to Bus Service

Route Division

Fleet Composition

M10 Fleet

M20 Fleet

Operational Metrics

Operating Hours

Annual Patronage

Connectivity

Teacher's Corner

True or False?

Test Your Knowledge!

Gamer's Corner

Discover other topics to study!

References

Feedback & Support

Academic Disclaimer

Important Considerations