What is the official name and abbreviation of the Thai government ministry responsible for agriculture and cooperatives?

The official name of the ministry is the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (MOAC). In the Thai language, it is known as Krasuang Kaset Lae Sahakon, which is transliterated into the Royal Thai General System of Transcription as Krasuang Kaset Lae Sahakon.

What is the primary role and significance of the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives within the Thai government?

The Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives is a cabinet ministry in the government of Thailand responsible for the administration of agricultural policies, forestry, water resources, irrigation, and the promotion and development of farmers and cooperative systems, including agricultural manufacturing and products. Given Thailand's status as an agricultural country with a strong agrarian tradition, the ministry is considered one of the most important departments in the government.

When was the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives formed, and where is its headquarters located?

The Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives was formed on April 1, 1892. Its headquarters are located on Ratchadamnoen Nok Road in the Phra Nakhon district of Bangkok.

What was the budget allocated to the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives for the fiscal year 2019, and how did it compare to the previous year?

For the fiscal year 2019, the ministry's budget was 108,997 million baht. This represented a decrease from the FY2018 budget, which was 122,573 million baht.

Which specific department within the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives accounts for the largest portion of its budget?

The Royal Irrigation Department (RID) accounts for more than 50% of the ministry's total budget. This indicates the significant focus on water management and infrastructure within the ministry's operations.

What is depicted on the seal of the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, as shown in the provided image?

The seal of the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives features the Seal of Varuna positioned on Naga's Back. This imagery likely holds cultural or historical significance related to water and agriculture in Thailand.

How far back does the history of the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives trace its origins?

The ministry's existence can be traced back to the 14th century, making it one of the oldest ministries within the Thai government.

What was the name and primary function of the agricultural ministry during the Kingdom of Ayutthaya?

During the Kingdom of Ayutthaya, one of the king's four ministries was called the "Kromma Na," which translates to the Farm Ministry. It was established in 1350 and was initially responsible for preventing and resolving conflicts related to rice, other crops, and livestock.

Beyond its initial responsibilities, what additional powers did the "Kromma Na" ministry gain during the Ayutthaya period?

Over time, the "Kromma Na" ministry acquired more significant powers granted by the king. These included managing land reformation, overseeing irrigation systems, managing livestock, collecting broken rice grains for the royal granary, administering the king's land holdings, resolving land ownership disputes, and appointing officials to provincial towns.

Trace the evolution of the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives' name from its formation in the late 19th century to its current designation.

The ministry's name has changed numerous times throughout its history. It was known as the "Ministry of Kasetpanichakarn" in 1892, then "Ministry of Kasettrathikarn" in 1898. In 1932, it became the "Ministry of Kasetpanichayakarn," followed by "Ministry of Setthakarn" in 1933. It reverted to "Ministry of Kasettrathikarn" in 1935, was renamed "Ministry of Agriculture" in 1952, and finally adopted its current name, "Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives," in 1972.

What are the key administrative departments that fall directly under the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives?

The key administrative departments include the Office of the Minister and the Office of the Permanent Secretary for Agriculture and Cooperatives. Additionally, the Kasetradhikarn Institute and the Department of Royal Rainmaking and Agricultural Aviation are part of its administrative structure.

Can you list the primary "dependent departments" that operate under the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives?

The dependent departments include the Department of Agricultural Extension, the Agricultural Land Reform Office, the Department of Agriculture (which includes the Rubber Research Institute), the National Bureau of Agricultural Commodity and Food Standards, the Office of Agricultural Economics, the Cooperative Auditing Department, the Cooperative Promotion Department, the Department of Fisheries, the Land Development Department, the Department of Livestock Development, The Royal Irrigation Department, the Rice Department, and The Queen Sirikit Department of Sericulture.

What are the "state enterprises" that are overseen by the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives?

The state enterprises under the ministry's purview are the Dairy Farming Promotion Organization of Thailand, the Fish Marketing Organization, The Marketing Organization for Farmers, the Rubber Authority of Thailand, and the Office of Rubber Replanting Aid Fund.

Which "public organizations" are associated with the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives?

The public organizations associated with the ministry are the Agricultural Research Development Agency (Public Organization), the Highland Research and Development Institute (Public Organization), and The Golden Jubilee Agricultural Museum (Public Organization).

What is the main criticism directed at the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives regarding its relationship with large agricultural corporations?

Observers have criticized the Agriculture Ministry for allegedly becoming a "mouthpiece for agro giants" and its officials acting as "salesmen" for these corporations. This criticism is linked to the extensive use of farm chemicals in Thailand.

According to the World Bank, how does Thailand rank globally in terms of farm chemical usage, and how does this compare to its arable land ranking?

The World Bank reports that Thailand is the world's fifth largest user of farm chemicals, despite its arable land ranking only 48th globally. This significant disparity highlights a heavy reliance on chemical inputs in Thai agriculture.

What is notable about the pesticides used in Thailand compared to those used in Western countries?

Approximately 70 pesticides that are utilized in Thailand have been banned in Western countries. This suggests a potentially higher level of risk associated with agricultural chemical use in Thailand.

What did Thailand's Eleventh National Economic and Social Development Plan (2012-2016) state about the country's use of chemicals in agriculture?

The plan stated that Thailand ranked number one in the world in the application of chemicals in agriculture. It noted that the use of chemicals in agricultural and industrial sectors was growing, while control mechanisms were ineffective, contributing to this leading global position.

What specific event led to a wave of criticism following July 2019 concerning the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives?

A significant wave of criticism arose after the appointment of Captain Thamanat Prompow as the deputy minister of MOAC in July 2019. This appointment drew scrutiny due to his past.

What was Captain Thamanat Prompow accused of having done in Australia, according to reports?

Reports indicated that Captain Thamanat Prompow had served four years in an Australian prison for smuggling heroin. This alleged conviction became a focal point of criticism.

How did Thailand's deputy prime minister, Wissanu Krea-ngam, respond to the concerns about Thamanat Prompow's eligibility for office?

Wissanu Krea-ngam stated that Thamanat Prompow was eligible to serve as a government minister because he had not been prosecuted by the Thai judiciary. He explained that the Thai constitution prohibits individuals prosecuted for narcotics offenses from being elected as MPs, but noted that past cases involved individuals prosecuted abroad whose status in Thailand was not affected.

What distinction did Wissanu Krea-ngam make regarding legal prosecution and eligibility for office?

Wissanu Krea-ngam clarified that while a person might have a criminal record or reputational damage from being prosecuted in another country, their eligibility to hold office in Thailand depends on whether they were prosecuted by the Thai judiciary. He suggested that deeds and ethical standards are considered separately from legal prosecution within Thailand.

How did Thamanat Prompow himself address the reports of his drug-related conviction in Australia?

Thamanat Prompow moved quickly to dismiss the reports of his drug-related conviction during his time in Australia from April 1993 to April 1997. He asserted that his account of those years differed significantly from the narrative presented in Australian news reports.

What legal action did Thamanat Prompow threaten in response to the reporting on his past?

Thamanat Prompow stated his intention to sue the Sydney Morning Herald for their reporting on his alleged drug-related conviction. This indicated his strong disagreement with the published accounts.

What is the Thai name for the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, and how is it transliterated?

The Thai name for the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives is "Krasuang Kaset Lae Sahakon." It is transliterated into the Roman alphabet using the Royal Thai General System of Transcription (RTGS) as "Krasuang Kaset Lae Sahakon."

What is the significance of the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives being one of the oldest ministries in Thailand?

Its long history, tracing back to the 14th century, underscores the enduring importance of agriculture and related sectors to the Thai economy and society throughout different historical periods. This longevity suggests a consistent need for governmental oversight and support in these areas.

What specific types of agricultural products and systems does the ministry oversee?

The ministry is responsible for the administration of agricultural policies, forestry, water resources, and irrigation. It also focuses on the promotion and development of farmers and cooperative systems, encompassing agricultural manufacturing and products.

What was the budget of the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives for FY2018?

The budget for the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives in FY2018 was 122,573 million baht. This figure provides a baseline for comparison with subsequent fiscal years, such as the FY2019 budget.

What is the role of the Office of the Permanent Secretary for Agriculture and Cooperatives?

The Office of the Permanent Secretary for Agriculture and Cooperatives is a key administrative body within the ministry. It oversees institutes like the Kasetradhikarn Institute and departments such as the Department of Royal Rainmaking and Agricultural Aviation, indicating its role in supporting and coordinating various agricultural initiatives.

Which department is responsible for agricultural extension services under the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives?

The Department of Agricultural Extension is one of the dependent departments under the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives. Its function is crucial for disseminating knowledge and best practices to farmers.

What is the purpose of the Agricultural Land Reform Office within the ministry?

The Agricultural Land Reform Office is a dependent department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives. Its focus is on managing and reforming land specifically for agricultural purposes, which is vital for equitable distribution and efficient use of farmland.

What role does the National Bureau of Agricultural Commodity and Food Standards play within the ministry?

The National Bureau of Agricultural Commodity and Food Standards is a dependent department responsible for setting and enforcing standards for agricultural commodities and food products. This ensures quality, safety, and compliance within the agricultural sector.

What is the function of the Office of Agricultural Economics?

The Office of Agricultural Economics is a dependent department that provides economic analysis and data related to the agricultural sector. This information is vital for policy-making and strategic planning within the ministry and the government.

How does the ministry support cooperative systems in Thailand?

The ministry oversees two key departments related to cooperatives: the Cooperative Auditing Department and the Cooperative Promotion Department. These departments work to ensure the proper functioning, development, and promotion of cooperative systems among farmers and other agricultural stakeholders.

What specific areas of aquatic resource management fall under the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives?

The Department of Fisheries, a dependent department of the ministry, is responsible for managing and developing Thailand's fisheries sector. This includes overseeing fish stocks, aquaculture, and related industries.

What is the responsibility of the Land Development Department within the ministry?

The Land Development Department, a dependent department, focuses on the assessment and sustainable management of land resources for agricultural use. This likely involves soil science, land use planning, and conservation efforts.

Which department is tasked with overseeing the development and welfare of livestock in Thailand?

The Department of Livestock Development is a dependent department under the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives. It is responsible for the health, breeding, and overall development of the country's livestock population.

What is the significance of the Rice Department within the ministry's structure?

The Rice Department is a dependent department focused specifically on rice, Thailand's staple crop and a major export. Its work likely involves research, breeding, and promoting the cultivation of rice.

What is the role of The Queen Sirikit Department of Sericulture?

The Queen Sirikit Department of Sericulture, a dependent department, focuses on the promotion and development of sericulture, which is the production of silk and related activities. This contributes to a specialized sector within Thailand's agricultural landscape.

Name three state enterprises managed by the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives.

Three state enterprises managed by the ministry are the Dairy Farming Promotion Organization of Thailand, the Fish Marketing Organization, and The Marketing Organization for Farmers.

What is the purpose of the Rubber Authority of Thailand and the Office of Rubber Replanting Aid Fund?

Both are state enterprises under the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives. The Rubber Authority of Thailand likely oversees the rubber industry, while the Office of Rubber Replanting Aid Fund provides financial support for replanting rubber trees, indicating a focus on supporting the rubber sector's sustainability and productivity.

What public organization is dedicated to agricultural research and development under the ministry?

The Agricultural Research Development Agency (Public Organization) is responsible for driving agricultural research and development initiatives within Thailand, operating under the ministry's umbrella.

What is the function of The Golden Jubilee Agricultural Museum (Public Organization)?

The Golden Jubilee Agricultural Museum serves as a public organization under the ministry, likely dedicated to educating the public about agriculture, its history, and advancements in the field, possibly commemorating significant agricultural milestones.

What specific criticism has been raised regarding Thailand's ranking in chemical application in agriculture?

Criticism points out that Thailand ranks first globally in the application of chemicals in agriculture, according to its own Eleventh National Economic and Social Development Plan. This is attributed to the growing use of chemicals in both agricultural and industrial sectors, coupled with ineffective control mechanisms.

What is the context of the criticism surrounding Captain Thamanat Prompow's appointment as deputy minister?

The criticism stemmed from reports alleging that Thamanat Prompow had served time in an Australian prison for heroin smuggling. This raised questions about his suitability for a ministerial position, despite assurances from Thai officials regarding his legal eligibility within the country.

What legal precedent or interpretation was used to justify Thamanat Prompow's eligibility despite his alleged foreign conviction?

Deputy Prime Minister Wissanu Krea-ngam cited past instances where individuals prosecuted abroad for drug offenses were not disqualified from holding office in Thailand, as long as they were not prosecuted by the Thai judiciary. This interpretation focused on the jurisdiction of prosecution rather than the nature of the offense itself.

How does the Thai constitution address individuals convicted of narcotics offenses in relation to holding public office?

The Thai constitution states that a person who commits a narcotics offense is prohibited from being elected as a Member of Parliament (MP). However, the interpretation regarding foreign convictions and their impact on eligibility for ministerial posts, as explained by Wissanu Krea-ngam, created a distinction.

What is the official website for the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (Thailand)?

The official website for the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives is www.moac.go.th. This provides a central online resource for information about the ministry's activities and structure.

What is the significance of the ministry's role in water resources and irrigation?

The ministry's significant budget allocation to the Royal Irrigation Department (RID), which accounts for over half of its total budget, highlights the critical importance of water resource management and irrigation infrastructure for Thailand's agricultural sector. Effective water management is essential for crop production, especially in an agrarian economy.

What does the inclusion of the "Department of Royal Rainmaking and Agricultural Aviation" suggest about the ministry's approach to agriculture?

The inclusion of this department suggests a proactive and technologically advanced approach to agricultural challenges. Royal Rainmaking aims to influence weather patterns for rainfall, while agricultural aviation likely supports crop management and potentially pest control or aerial application of resources.

How does the ministry support farmers and cooperative systems?

The ministry supports farmers and cooperative systems through various departments, including the Department of Agricultural Extension, the Agricultural Land Reform Office, the Cooperative Auditing Department, and the Cooperative Promotion Department. These departments work to enhance farmer livelihoods, ensure fair land distribution, and foster the growth and efficiency of cooperative organizations.

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Historical Roots

Ayutthaya Period Origins

The ministry's origins trace back to the 14th century during the Kingdom of Ayutthaya. The "Kromma Na" (Farm Ministry) was established in 1350. Its responsibilities included managing agricultural resources like rice, overseeing land reformation, irrigation, and livestock, collecting grains for the royal granary, managing royal landholdings, resolving land ownership disputes, and appointing provincial officers.^[1]

Evolution Through Eras

Throughout the Rattanakosin Kingdom and subsequent periods, the ministry underwent several name changes reflecting evolving administrative structures and responsibilities. Key name changes include:

1892: Ministry of Kasetpanichakarn
1898: Ministry of Kasettrathikarn
1932: Ministry of Kasetpanichayakarn
1933: Ministry of Setthakarn
1935: Ministry of Kasettrathikarn
1952: Ministry of Agriculture
1972: Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (Current Name)

This evolution highlights its enduring importance in Thailand's agrarian society.^[2]

Financial Allocation

Fiscal Year 2019 Overview

The Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives' budget for Fiscal Year 2019 was allocated at 108,997 million baht. This represents a decrease from the FY2018 budget of 122,573 million baht.^[3]

Royal Irrigation Department's Significance

A substantial portion of the ministry's budget is dedicated to the Royal Irrigation Department (RID). The RID accounts for over 50% of the ministry's total budget, underscoring the critical role of water resource management in Thailand's agricultural sector.^[3]

Organizational Structure

Administration and Oversight

The ministry's administrative functions are managed through several key offices:

Office of the Minister
Office of the Permanent Secretary for Agriculture and Cooperatives

Kasetradhikarn Institute
Department of Royal Rainmaking and Agricultural Aviation

Dependent Departments

These departments are directly responsible for various agricultural sectors:

Department of Agricultural Extension
Agricultural Land Reform Office
Department of Agriculture (including the Rubber Research Institute)
National Bureau of Agricultural Commodity and Food Standards
Office of Agricultural Economics^[5]
Cooperative Auditing Department
Cooperative Promotion Department
Department of Fisheries (Thailand)^[6]
Land Development Department
Department of Livestock Development
The Royal Irrigation Department
Rice Department
The Queen Sirikit Department of Sericulture

State Enterprises

These entities operate as commercial organizations under the ministry's purview:

Dairy Farming Promotion Organization of Thailand
Fish Marketing Organization
The Marketing Organization for Farmers
Rubber Authority of Thailand
Office of Rubber Replanting Aid Fund

Public Organizations

These organizations focus on research and development:

Agricultural Research Development Agency (Public Organization)
Highland Research and Development Institute (Public Organization)
The Golden Jubilee Agricultural Museum (Public Organization)^[4]

Points of Contention

Farm Chemical Usage

The ministry has faced criticism for its perceived role in promoting the extensive use of farm chemicals. Observers argue that the ministry has become a "mouthpiece for agro giants." Thailand ranks as the world's fifth-largest user of farm chemicals, with approximately 70 pesticides used being banned in Western countries.^[7] The Eleventh National Economic and Social Development Plan (2012-2016) noted Thailand's leading position globally in the application of chemicals in agriculture, citing ineffective control mechanisms.^[8]

Controversy Over Deputy Minister Appointment

The appointment of Captain Thamanat Prompow as deputy minister in July 2019 drew significant criticism. This was due to his prior four-year prison sentence in Australia for heroin smuggling.^[10] Despite this, Thai Deputy Prime Minister Wissanu Krea-ngam stated Thamanat was eligible to serve, as he had not been prosecuted by the Thai judiciary. The Thai constitution prohibits individuals convicted of narcotics offenses from being elected MPs, but legal interpretations allowed for his appointment.^[11] Thamanat himself contested the Australian reports of his conviction.^[12]

References

Sources

"Ayutthaya Period". Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
"Early Rattanakosin Period". Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
"Thailand's Budget in Brief Fiscal Year 2019". Bureau of the Budget. p. 85. Retrieved 9 September 2019.
"Organization Chart". Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperative of Thailand. Retrieved 2012-08-09.
"News & Events". Office of Agricultural Economics (OAE). Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives. Retrieved 9 September 2019.
"Home". Department of Fisheries. Retrieved 19 December 2019.
Ekachai, Sanitsuda (26 November 2016). "Organic rice a saviour for struggling farmers". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 26 November 2016.
The Eleventh National Economic and Social Development Plan (2012-2016). Office of the National Economic and Social Development Board. 26 October 2011. Archived from the original on 17 January 2017. Retrieved 1 April 2016.
Charuvastra, Teeranai (9 September 2019). "Minister won't explain heroin conviction, jail time in Australia". Khaosod English. Retrieved 9 September 2019.
Ruffles, Michael; Evans, Michael (9 September 2019). "From sinister to minister: politician's drug trafficking jail time revealed". The Age. Retrieved 9 September 2019.
Boonbandit, Tappanai (10 July 2019). "A convicted MP can become minister: deputy PM". Khaosod English. Retrieved 9 September 2019.
"Thamanat dismisses drug past report". Bangkok Post. 10 September 2019. Retrieved 10 September 2019.
Charuvastra, Teeranai (10 September 2019). "THAMMANAT THREATENS TO SUE AUSSIE PAPER FOR DRUG ALLEGATION". Khaosod English. Retrieved 10 September 2019.

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References

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Cultivating the Nation

💡 Dive in with Flashcard Learning! 💡

Historical Roots 📜

👑 Ayutthaya Period Origins

🏛️ Evolution Through Eras

Financial Allocation 💰

📊 Fiscal Year 2019 Overview

💧 Royal Irrigation Department's Significance

Organizational Structure 🏢

⚙️ Administration and Oversight

🌾 Dependent Departments

📈 State Enterprises

💡 Public Organizations

Points of Contention ⚠️

🧪 Farm Chemical Usage

⚖️ Controversy Over Deputy Minister Appointment

References 📚

🔗 Sources

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📜 Important Notice

Dive in with Flashcard Learning!

Historical Roots

Ayutthaya Period Origins

Evolution Through Eras

Financial Allocation

Fiscal Year 2019 Overview

Royal Irrigation Department's Significance

Organizational Structure

Administration and Oversight

Dependent Departments

State Enterprises

Public Organizations

Points of Contention

Farm Chemical Usage

Controversy Over Deputy Minister Appointment

References

Sources

Teacher's Corner

True or False?

Test Your Knowledge!

Gamer's Corner

Discover other topics to study!

References

Feedback & Support

Disclaimer

Important Notice