Wings of Valor
The Chronicle of No. 88 Squadron RAF: From the Skies of Flanders to the Cold War Frontlines.
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Introduction
No. 88 Squadron
No. 88 Squadron was a distinguished flying unit of the Royal Air Force, with a history spanning multiple conflicts and eras. Established initially as a Royal Flying Corps squadron in July 1917, it transitioned to the Royal Air Force upon its formation. The squadron's nickname, "Hong Kong," and its motto, "En garde" (Be on your guard), reflect its enduring spirit and vigilance.[1][3]
Squadron Identity
The squadron's distinctive badge features a serpent gliding. This emblem was adopted in homage to the French Air Service's Escadrille SPA.88, with which the squadron was associated during World War I. The adoption of this badge was warmly received by the French Air Service at the time. The badge was officially approved by King George VI in November 1939.[3][4] Its operational codes included 'HY' (Apr 1939 – Sep 1939) and later 'RH' (Sep 1939 – Apr 1945).[4]
Operational Lifespan
No. 88 Squadron served across several distinct periods:
- 24 July 1917 – 10 August 1919 (RFC/RAF)
- 17 June 1937 – 4 April 1945 (WWII Operations)
- 1 September 1946 – 1 October 1954 (Post-War, Far East)
- 15 January 1956 – 17 December 1962 (Cold War Operations)
First World War Operations
Fighter-Reconnaissance Role
Following its formation at Gosport, Hampshire, in July 1917, No. 88 Squadron was deployed to France in April 1918. There, it undertook crucial fighter-reconnaissance duties, contributing vital intelligence from the front lines. The squadron also played a role in pioneering air-to-air wireless telegraphy, enhancing communication capabilities.[5]
Combat Achievements
As part of No. 80 Wing, which specialized in attacks on German airfields, No. 88 Squadron engaged actively in offensive operations. Despite its relatively short service at the front, the squadron achieved significant success, claiming 147 enemy aircraft destroyed. This was accomplished with minimal casualties: two killed in action, five wounded, and ten missing. The unit hosted eleven notable flying aces during this period.[6]
Disbandment
After its impactful, albeit brief, period of front-line service, No. 88 Squadron was disbanded on 10 August 1919, concluding its initial chapter of service.[7]
Second World War Engagements
Re-formation and Early War
No. 88 Squadron was reformed on 7 June 1937, initially equipped with Hawker Hind biplanes before transitioning to the Fairey Battle monoplane bomber later that year.[8][9] Upon the outbreak of World War II in September 1939, the squadron was among the first to be deployed to France as part of the RAF Advanced Air Striking Force.[10][9][11]
Battle of France and Channel Operations
The squadron suffered severe losses during the Battle of France, with operations often resulting in only one aircraft returning out of a sortie of four.[13] Confined to night operations to mitigate losses, the squadron retreated to Britain in June 1940. It then operated a mix of aircraft, including Battles, Douglas Boston Is, and Bristol Blenheims, conducting patrol duties over the Western Approaches.[8] By July 1941, it was fully converting to the Boston, becoming an integral part of No. 2 Group's operations, including attacks on German shipping in the English Channel.[16][17]
Key Operations and Support
No. 88 Squadron played a significant role in notable operations. In July 1942, Wing Commander James Pelly-Fry led "circus" missions over northern France.[18] On 19 August 1942, the squadron provided crucial support during the Dieppe Raid, flying repeated sorties to attack field gun positions.[16] A highlight was its lead role in Operation Oyster on 6 December 1942, a daylight raid against the Philips works in Eindhoven, considered one of No. 2 Group's most successful missions.[16] In October 1944, the squadron moved to France to support Allied advances, laying a smokescreen on D-Day.[19][20] Notable personnel included Errol Barrow, who later became Barbados' first Prime Minister.[19] The squadron was disbanded on 4 April 1945.[7]
Post-War Service
Hong Kong Assignment
On 1 September 1946, No. 1430 Flight at RAF Kai Tak, Hong Kong, was redesignated No. 88 Squadron, operating Short Sunderland flying boats.[10][21][22] Initially tasked with transport duties for the British Commonwealth Occupation Force in Japan, the squadron later expanded its role to general reconnaissance, maritime patrol, and anti-piracy operations.[10][21]
Yangtze Incident Support
During the Chinese Civil War, in April 1949, one of the squadron's Sunderlands was deployed in support of the British efforts during the Yangtze Incident involving HMS Amethyst. The aircraft attempted to deliver medical supplies under fire and later assisted in evacuating British subjects from Shanghai.[23][24][25]
Korean War and Malayan Emergency
With the outbreak of the Korean War in 1950, No. 88 Squadron flew patrols along the Korean coast.[27] In June 1951, it relocated to RAF Seletar, Singapore, participating in Operation Firedog during the Malayan Emergency by conducting bombing and strafing missions.[27] The squadron also supported local police in anti-piracy and smuggling operations and provided air-sea rescue services.[27] It was disbanded on 1 October 1954.[10][21]
Cold War Operations
Canberra Era
No. 88 Squadron reformed on 15 January 1956 at RAF Wildenrath, equipped with English Electric Canberra B(I)8s. Its primary role was low-level night ground attack, with a secondary role of nuclear strike using US-supplied Mark 7 nuclear bombs under Project E. The squadron's capabilities were crucial for NATO's strategic deterrent posture.[28][29]
Strategic Deployments
The squadron was deployed to RAF Akrotiri, Cyprus, in July 1958 amidst the Lebanon crisis.[30] Later, in June 1961, it was briefly stationed in Sharjah in response to Iraqi threats against Kuwait.[31][32] These deployments underscored the squadron's readiness and strategic importance during periods of international tension.
Transition
The squadron's operational history concluded on 17 December 1962, when it was renumbered as No. 14 Squadron, marking the end of the No. 88 Squadron designation.[10]
Aircraft Operated
Key Aircraft Types
Throughout its service, No. 88 Squadron operated a variety of aircraft, reflecting the evolving nature of air warfare and transport:
Squadron Badge & Motto
Heraldic Symbolism
The squadron's badge features a serpent gliding. This emblem was adopted in homage to the French Air Service's Escadrille SPA.88, with which the squadron was associated during World War I. The adoption of this badge was warmly received by the French Air Service at the time. The badge was officially approved by King George VI in November 1939.[3][4]
Modern Legacy
Air Training Corps Connection
In recognition of the squadron's history, particularly its service with the Fairey Battle aircraft, No. 88 (Battle) Squadron of the Air Training Corps was established in 2014 in Battle, East Sussex. This modern iteration continues the spirit of the original squadron, fostering aviation interest among young cadets. In 2019, No. 88 (Battle) Squadron was recognized as the most improved Air Cadet Squadron in the UK, receiving the Marshall Trophy.[citation needed]
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References
References
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Important Notice
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