What is the full official name of the museum located in Madrid, Spain, that is part of the "Golden Triangle of Art"?

The full official name of the museum is the Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum, also known in Spanish as Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza.

In which city and on which famous boulevard is the Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum situated?

The Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum is located in Madrid, Spain, on the Paseo del Prado, a major boulevard.

When was the Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum established?

The Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum was established in 1992.

How does the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum complement the collections of the Prado Museum and the Reina Sofía National Galleries?

The Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum complements the Prado by filling gaps in areas like Italian primitives and English, Dutch, and German schools. It complements the Reina Sofía by showcasing Impressionists, Expressionists, and 20th-century European and American paintings.

Who is credited as the founder of the Thyssen-Bornemisza collection?

The collection was founded by Heinrich, Baron Thyssen-Bornemisza de Kászon, beginning in the 1920s.

From whom did the elder Baron Thyssen-Bornemisza acquire many of his early old master paintings?

The elder Baron acquired many old master paintings from American millionaires who were facing financial difficulties due to the Great Depression and inheritance taxes.

Who was responsible for the significant expansion of the Thyssen-Bornemisza collection after its founder?

The collection was significantly expanded by Heinrich's son, Baron Hans Heinrich Thyssen-Bornemisza, who acquired works spanning from Gothic art to modern pieces.

Where was the Thyssen-Bornemisza collection originally housed before its relocation to Madrid?

The collection was initially housed in the family estate, Villa Favorita, in Lugano, Switzerland.

What led Baron Hans Heinrich Thyssen-Bornemisza to seek a new location for his collection outside of Lugano?

Baron Hans Heinrich Thyssen-Bornemisza sought a new location because his request for a museum extension in Lugano, designed by James Stirling and Michael Wilford, was rejected by the Lugano City Council.

What role did Carmen Cervera play in the relocation of the Thyssen-Bornemisza collection to Spain?

Carmen Cervera, Baron Hans Heinrich Thyssen-Bornemisza's wife, was influential in persuading him to move the collection to Spain, where a suitable building was available.

When did the Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum officially open in Madrid?

The Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum officially opened in Madrid in 1992.

How many works were initially displayed when the museum opened, and what significant transaction occurred shortly after?

The museum initially displayed 715 works of art. A year later, in 1993, the Spanish Government purchased 775 works for $350 million.

What is the approximate total number of paintings in the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum's collection?

The museum's collection comprises over 1,600 paintings.

What range of European painting history does the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum's collection cover?

The collection spans eight centuries of European painting, from early periods to modern and contemporary works.

Which early Italian and Flemish painters are represented in the museum's collection?

The collection features works by early Italian painters such as Duccio, Luca di Tommè, Bernardo Daddi, Paolo Uccello, and Benozzo Gozzoli, as well as Flemish painters like Jan van Eyck, Petrus Christus, Robert Campin, Rogier van der Weyden, Gerard David, and Hans Memling.

Name some prominent Renaissance, Baroque, and Rococo artists whose works are held by the museum.

The museum holds works by artists such as Antonello da Messina, Titian, Tintoretto, Veronese, Caravaggio, Guercino, Rubens, Van Dyck, Murillo, Rembrandt, Frans Hals, Claude Lorrain, Canaletto, Tiepolo, Watteau, Boucher, Chardin, Fragonard, Gainsborough, and Pompeo Batoni.

Which 19th-century European artists are represented in the museum's collection, including Impressionist and Post-Impressionist masters?

The museum's 19th-century collection includes works by Francisco Goya, Delacroix, Géricault, Corot, and Courbet, as well as Impressionist and Post-Impressionist artists like Monet, Renoir, Degas, Pissarro, Cézanne, and Van Gogh.

What significant modern art movements and artists are featured in the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum's 20th-century collection?

The 20th-century collection includes Cubist works by Picasso, Braque, and Juan Gris, along with paintings by Edvard Munch, Egon Schiele, Kandinsky, Salvador Dalí, Paul Klee, Chagall, Magritte, Piet Mondrian, Edward Hopper, Jackson Pollock, Mark Rothko, Roy Lichtenstein, Willem de Kooning, and Francis Bacon.

What is notable about the museum's collection of German Expressionism?

The museum holds an extensive selection of German Expressionism, featuring works by artists such as Emil Nolde, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, August Macke, Max Beckmann, George Grosz, and Otto Dix.

What is the "Golden Triangle of Art" in Madrid?

The "Golden Triangle of Art" refers to the concentration of three major art museums in Madrid: the Prado Museum, the Reina Sofía National Galleries, and the Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum.

What specific painting by Camille Pissarro became the subject of a legal dispute concerning Nazi-looted art?

The painting involved in the legal dispute was Camille Pissarro's Rue Saint-Honoré in the Afternoon, Effect of Rain.

What was the basis for the legal claim against the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum regarding the Pissarro painting?

The claim was based on the assertion that the painting was looted by the Nazis from its original owner, Lilly Cassirer, who was compelled to sell it under duress in 1939 to escape Nazi Germany.

What was the final outcome of the legal proceedings in the United States concerning the Pissarro painting?

After a series of rulings, including affirmation by the U.S. Supreme Court, a federal court in California sent the case back to the appellate level in January 2024 to compare Spanish and California law.

Which English artist's painting, The Lock, was sold by Carmen Cervera in 2011?

The painting was The Lock by the English artist John Constable.

What was the reason cited for Carmen Cervera's sale of John Constable's The Lock?

Carmen Cervera cited "a lack of liquid funds" as the reason for selling the painting.

What was the approximate sale price of John Constable's The Lock?

John Constable's The Lock was sold for £22.4 million.

What is the Spanish name for the Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum?

The Spanish name for the museum is Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza.

What is the total number of paintings housed in the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum?

The Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum houses over 1,600 paintings.

Who are the current Artistic Director and Managing Director of the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum?

Guillermo Solana serves as the Artistic Director, and Evelio Acevedo is the Managing Director.

What public transportation options provide access to the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum?

The museum is accessible via the Banco de España station on Line 2 of the Madrid Metro.

What is the architectural significance of the Palace of Villahermosa in relation to the museum?

The Palace of Villahermosa is the historic building that was transformed to house the Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum.

How many visitors did the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum receive in 2017?

In 2017, the museum welcomed 1,052,014 visitors.

What is the purpose of the EducaThyssen website?

The EducaThyssen website is associated with the Research and Further Studies Department of the museum.

Which architect was responsible for the transformation of the Palace of Villahermosa into the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum?

Rafael Moneo was the architect responsible for the transformation of the Palace of Villahermosa into the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum.

What is the financial arrangement for the loan of Carmen Cervera's collection to the museum, as finalized in 2021?

The agreement finalized in 2021 involves an annual fee of 6.5 million euros ($7.8 million) for the loan of Carmen Cervera's collection over a period of 15 years.

Which specific art historical periods or schools are particularly well-represented in the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum, complementing the Prado's collection?

The museum holds significant collections of Italian primitives and works from the English, Dutch, and German schools, which are less emphasized in the Prado's holdings.

Which specific art historical periods or styles are notably featured in the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum, complementing the Reina Sofía's collection?

The museum showcases Impressionist, Expressionist, and 20th-century European and American paintings, filling gaps in the Reina Sofía's collection.

What was the original plan for expanding the Thyssen-Bornemisza collection's facilities in Lugano?

The original plan involved an extension designed by architects James Stirling and Michael Wilford, but this project was ultimately rejected by the Lugano City Council.

What is the collective term for the Prado Museum, Reina Sofía National Galleries, and Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum in Madrid?

These three museums collectively form Madrid's "Golden Triangle of Art."

Which artist's 'Portrait of Henry VIII' is mentioned as being part of the museum's collection?

The museum's collection includes the 'Portrait of Henry VIII' by Hans Holbein.

Which artist's 'Saint Catherine' is featured in the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum's collection?

The museum features 'Saint Catherine' by Caravaggio.

What is the title of the Frans Hals painting highlighted in the museum's collection?

The Frans Hals painting highlighted in the collection is titled 'Family Group in a Landscape'.

Which Impressionist artist's work 'The Thaw at Vétheuil' is part of the museum's collection?

'The Thaw at Vétheuil' by Claude Monet is part of the museum's collection.

What is the title of the Vincent van Gogh painting displayed at the museum?

The Vincent van Gogh painting displayed at the museum is 'Les Vessenots à Auvers'.

Which artist's 'Seated Man' is included in the museum's collection highlights?

'Seated Man' by Paul Cézanne is included in the museum's collection highlights.

What is the title of the Edward Hopper painting mentioned in the collection highlights?

The Edward Hopper painting mentioned in the collection highlights is 'Girl at a Sewing Machine'.

What is the title of the Max Beckmann painting featured in the museum's collection?

The Max Beckmann painting featured in the museum's collection is 'Quappi in Pink Jumper'.

Which early Renaissance painter is represented by 'Madonna of Humility' in the museum's collection?

Fra Angelico is represented by 'Madonna of Humility' in the museum's collection.

What is the title of the Vittore Carpaccio painting that was part of the Otto Kahn collection?

The Vittore Carpaccio painting that was part of the Otto Kahn collection is titled 'Knight in a Landscape'.

Thyssen-bornemisza Museum Wiki: The Thyssen-Bornemisza: A Curated Journey Through European Art History

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Introduction

The Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum

The Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum, known colloquially as the Thyssen, is a premier art institution located in Madrid, Spain. Situated adjacent to the Prado Museum along the Paseo del Prado, it forms a vital component of the city's renowned "Golden Triangle of Art," alongside the Prado and the Reina Sofía museums.

The museum's collection masterfully bridges historical gaps present in its neighboring institutions. It showcases significant works from periods such as Italian primitives and the English, Dutch, and German schools, which are less represented in the Prado. Concurrently, it provides comprehensive coverage of Impressionist, Expressionist, and early 20th-century European and American art movements, areas central to the Reina Sofía's holdings.

Location and Scope

Housed within the historic Palace of Villahermosa, the museum's collection comprises over 1,600 works, historically ranking as the second-largest private art collection globally. Its establishment in Madrid followed a rigorous selection process, culminating in its official opening in 1992.

The museum's strategic location and its comprehensive collection make it an indispensable cultural landmark, offering a rich narrative of European artistic evolution. Its official website is www.museothyssen.org.

A Legacy of Art Collecting

Genesis of the Collection

The foundation of the Thyssen-Bornemisza collection was laid in the 1920s by Heinrich, Baron Thyssen-Bornemisza de Kászon. He initiated the acquisition of European paintings, notably securing works from American collectors who were navigating the economic challenges of the Great Depression. This strategic sourcing allowed him to acquire significant Old Master pieces, including Ghirlandaio's portrait of Giovanna Tornabuoni and Carpaccio's "Knight in a Landscape."

Expansion and Relocation

The collection's scope was substantially broadened by Heinrich's son, Baron Hans Heinrich Thyssen-Bornemisza (1921–2002). He consolidated works from family collections and significantly expanded the holdings to encompass art from the Gothic period through to contemporary artists like Lucian Freud. Initially housed in the family's estate in Lugano, Switzerland, the collection's future home became a subject of discussion when expansion plans in Lugano were rejected.

Following his marriage to Carmen "Tita" Cervera, a former Miss Spain, the Baron was persuaded to relocate the core of his collection to Spain. The Spanish government provided a suitable building adjacent to the Prado Museum, leading to the establishment of the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum in Madrid, which opened its doors in 1992.

Government Acquisition and Loans

The Spanish Government acquired 775 works from the collection for $350 million, solidifying its presence in Madrid. Subsequently, Carmen Cervera loaned a significant portion of her personal art collection, comprising 429 works, to the museum. These loans, initially for 11 years, were renewed annually on a free basis until 2021, when a formal agreement was reached for a 15-year loan with an annual fee.

1920s: Heinrich Thyssen-Bornemisza begins assembling his private art collection.
1980s: Baron Hans Heinrich Thyssen-Bornemisza expands the collection and seeks a new location.
1992: The Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum opens in Madrid, housing the core collection.
1993: The Spanish Government purchases a significant portion of the collection.
1999-2021: Carmen Cervera loans her collection, significantly enriching the museum's offerings.
2021: A formal loan agreement is finalized, securing the collection for 15 years.

The Collection's Breadth

Eight Centuries of Artistry

The Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum's collection is celebrated for its extensive chronological range, spanning approximately eight centuries of European painting. Rather than aiming for encyclopedic completeness, the collection focuses on presenting a curated selection of significant European artistic achievements.

This approach ensures that the museum complements the collections of its neighbors, the Prado and Reina Sofía, by filling historical and stylistic gaps. It offers a unique perspective on the evolution of Western art.

Key Artistic Movements

The collection is particularly strong in areas that provide a counterpoint to other major Madrid galleries:

Early European Masters: Featuring Italian primitives and significant contributions from the English, Dutch, and German schools.
Impressionism and Post-Impressionism: Showcasing seminal works by artists who defined these revolutionary movements.
Expressionism: Offering an extensive display of German Expressionism, a critical area of modern art.
20th-Century Art: Including avant-garde European and American paintings, Cubism, and abstract art.

Collection Highlights

Renaissance and Baroque

The museum boasts an impressive array of works from the Renaissance and Baroque periods, featuring:

Early Italian: Duccio, Ghirlandaio (Portrait of Giovanna Tornabuoni), Carpaccio (Knight in a Landscape), Fra Angelico, Bellini, Bramantino, Bronzino, Caravaggio (Saint Catherine).
Northern European Masters: Jan van Eyck (Annunciation Diptych), Petrus Christus (Madonna of the Dry Tree), Robert Campin, Hans Memling, Albrecht Dürer (Christ among the Doctors), Hans Holbein the Younger (Portrait of Henry VIII), Lucas Cranach the Elder.
Baroque Luminaries: Titian, Tintoretto, El Greco, Rembrandt, Frans Hals (Family Group in a Landscape), Rubens, Van Dyck.

Impressionism to Modernism

The collection prominently features the transition into modern art, with significant works by:

Impressionists: Claude Monet (The Thaw at Vétheuil), Auguste Renoir, Edgar Degas, Camille Pissarro (Rue Saint-Honoré, in the Afternoon, Effect of Rain), Alfred Sisley, Berthe Morisot.
Post-Impressionists: Paul Gauguin, Paul Cézanne, Vincent van Gogh (Les Vessenots à Auvers).
20th Century Avant-Garde: Including Cubist works by Picasso and Braque, Fauvism, German Expressionism (Kirchner, Beckmann, Dix), Surrealism (Dalí, Magritte), and American Modernism (Edward Hopper).

Notable Transactions

Constable's "The Lock"

In 2012, Carmen Cervera decided to sell John Constable's renowned painting, "The Lock," from her private collection. The artwork, acquired in 1990, was sold at Christie's in London for £22.4 million, significantly exceeding its initial purchase price and highlighting the substantial value within the collection.

Context and Connections

The Golden Triangle of Art

The Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum is an integral part of Madrid's "Golden Triangle of Art," a cultural initiative that enhances the city's status as a global art destination. This triangle comprises:

Museo Nacional del Prado: Renowned for Spanish masters like Velázquez and Goya, and Italian/Flemish primitives.
Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía: Focused on 20th-century Spanish art, notably Picasso's "Guernica."
Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza: Bridging the gaps with a broad survey of European art history.

Related Institutions

The museum's collection and its founder's legacy are also connected to other cultural entities:

Carmen Thyssen Museum: Located in Málaga, this museum also houses works from Carmen Cervera's collection, focusing on Spanish art.
Palace of Villahermosa: The historic building that serves as the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum's home.

Notes and Citations

Reference Information

The information presented here is derived from publicly available data, primarily Wikipedia. Detailed citations are managed programmatically and linked via the placeholder below.

Further Reading:

José Manuel Pita Andrade & María del Mar Barochia Guerrero. Maestros antiguos del Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza. 1994. 3a ed. Lunwerg editores. ISBN 84-88474-02-4

External Resources

Official and Virtual Access

Official Museum Website
EducaThyssen (Research & Studies)
Virtual Tour via Google Arts & Culture
Media related to the Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza at Wikimedia Commons

Authority Control

Identifiers

Standardized identifiers for cataloging and referencing:

ISNI: 0000000121642115
VIAF: 135949719
GND: 5087058-0
LCCN: nr95022080
BnF: cb12456652h
NDL: 00829333
ULAN: 500302400

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References

A full list of references for this article are available at the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum Wikipedia page

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Important Notice

This page has been generated by an Artificial Intelligence, drawing upon publicly accessible data. It is intended for educational and informational purposes only and aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum.

This is not art historical advice. The content presented here is not a substitute for professional consultation with art historians, curators, or museum professionals. While efforts have been made to ensure accuracy and completeness based on the source material, users should consult official museum resources and academic literature for definitive information.

The creators of this page are not responsible for any inaccuracies, omissions, or actions taken based on the information provided herein.

The Thyssen-Bornemisza

💡 Dive in with Flashcard Learning! 💡

Introduction ℹ️

🏛️ The Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum

📍 Location and Scope

A Legacy of Art Collecting 📜

👨‍🎨 Genesis of the Collection

📈 Expansion and Relocation

🤝 Government Acquisition and Loans

The Collection's Breadth 🎨

🌍 Eight Centuries of Artistry

⭐ Key Artistic Movements

Collection Highlights ⭐

🖼️ Renaissance and Baroque

✨ Impressionism to Modernism

Notable Transactions 💸

💰 Constable's "The Lock"

Context and Connections 🔗

📍 The Golden Triangle of Art

🏛️ Related Institutions

Notes and Citations 📝

📚 Reference Information

External Resources 🔗

🌐 Official and Virtual Access

Authority Control 🔑

ID Identifiers

Teacher's Corner 🧑‍🏫

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Disclaimer ⚠️

📜 Important Notice

Dive in with Flashcard Learning!

Introduction

The Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum

Location and Scope

A Legacy of Art Collecting

Genesis of the Collection

Expansion and Relocation

Government Acquisition and Loans

The Collection's Breadth

Eight Centuries of Artistry

Key Artistic Movements

Collection Highlights

Renaissance and Baroque

Impressionism to Modernism

Notable Transactions

Constable's "The Lock"

Context and Connections

The Golden Triangle of Art

Related Institutions

Notes and Citations

Reference Information

External Resources

Official and Virtual Access

Authority Control

Identifiers

Teacher's Corner

True or False?

Test Your Knowledge!

Gamer's Corner

Discover other topics to study!

References

Feedback & Support

Disclaimer

Important Notice