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Total Categories: 6
Caleb Cushing was born in Newburyport, Massachusetts, in 1802, the year his family relocated there.
Answer: False
The source states Caleb Cushing was born in Salisbury, Massachusetts, in 1800, and his family relocated to Newburyport in 1802.
Caleb Cushing graduated from Harvard University at the age of 17 and commenced his legal practice immediately after serving as a mathematics teacher.
Answer: False
The source indicates Caleb Cushing served as a mathematics teacher from 1820 to 1821, was admitted to law practice in December 1821, but did not begin his legal practice until 1824, which is not 'immediately after' his teaching.
Caleb Cushing remarried several years after his first wife, Caroline Elizabeth Wilde, passed away.
Answer: False
The source explicitly states that Caleb Cushing never remarried after his first wife, Caroline Elizabeth Wilde, passed away.
Caleb Cushing's father was a prominent lawyer and politician.
Answer: False
The source identifies Caleb Cushing's father, John Newmarch Cushing, as a wealthy shipbuilder and merchant, not a lawyer and politician.
Caleb Cushing's mother, Lydia Dow, was described as a robust woman who lived to see his early political successes.
Answer: False
The source describes Caleb Cushing's mother, Lydia Dow, as a 'delicate and sensitive woman' who passed away when Caleb was ten years old, contradicting the statement.
Caleb Cushing spent three years in Europe from 1828 to 1831.
Answer: False
The source states that Caleb Cushing spent two years in Europe, from 1829 to 1831, not three years from 1828 to 1831.
In which Massachusetts town was Caleb Cushing born?
Answer: Salisbury
The source states that Caleb Cushing was born in Salisbury, Massachusetts.
At what age did Caleb Cushing complete his studies at Harvard University?
Answer: 17
The source states that Caleb Cushing entered Harvard at age 13 and graduated in 1817. Since he was born in 1800, he would have been 17 years old upon graduation.
According to the source, what details are provided regarding Caleb Cushing's marital and family life?
Answer: He married Caroline Elizabeth Wilde, who passed away, and he never remarried.
The source states that Caleb Cushing married Caroline Elizabeth Wilde, who passed away approximately ten years later, and that he never remarried and had no children.
What was the occupation of Caleb Cushing's father, John Newmarch Cushing?
Answer: A wealthy shipbuilder and merchant
The source identifies Caleb Cushing's father, John Newmarch Cushing, as a wealthy shipbuilder and merchant.
What was the duration of Caleb Cushing's sojourn in Europe between his terms in the Massachusetts state legislature?
Answer: Two years
The source states that Caleb Cushing spent two years in Europe, from 1829 to 1831.
Caleb Cushing was a staunch opponent of American territorial expansion, particularly concerning the acquisition of Texas and Oregon.
Answer: False
The source states that Caleb Cushing was an enthusiastic advocate for territorial and commercial expansion, specifically supporting the acquisition of Texas, Oregon, and Cuba, which contradicts the statement.
Caleb Cushing's initial political role was serving in the Massachusetts Senate in 1825.
Answer: False
The source indicates Caleb Cushing began his political career in the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1825, entering the Massachusetts Senate in 1826.
During his tenure in the U.S. House of Representatives, Caleb Cushing chaired the U.S. House Committee on Foreign Affairs.
Answer: True
The source confirms that Caleb Cushing held the position of chairman of the U.S. House Committee on Foreign Affairs during the 27th Congress.
Caleb Cushing consistently supported President John Tyler's vetoes of Whig measures, demonstrating unwavering party loyalty.
Answer: False
The source describes a notable inconsistency in Cushing's public life, where he defended Tyler's vetoes of Whig measures but then subsequently voted for the same bills again, indicating a lack of consistent support or unwavering party loyalty.
Caleb Cushing maintained a consistent political affiliation as a Democrat throughout his entire career.
Answer: False
The source indicates that Caleb Cushing's political affiliations evolved, including periods as a Democratic-Republican, National Republican, Whig, and finally Democrat, contradicting the idea of consistent affiliation as a Democrat throughout his entire career.
Caleb Cushing's initial political affiliation in the Massachusetts House of Representatives was as a Whig.
Answer: False
The source states that Caleb Cushing was a Democratic-Republican member when he first served in the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1825, not a Whig.
Caleb Cushing represented Massachusetts's 3rd congressional district in the U.S. House of Representatives.
Answer: True
The source confirms that Caleb Cushing represented Massachusetts's 3rd congressional district in the U.S. House of Representatives.
Caleb Cushing was an enthusiastic advocate for the acquisition of which three territories or nations for the United States?
Answer: Texas, Oregon, and Cuba
The source states that Caleb Cushing specifically supported the acquisition of Texas, Oregon, and Cuba.
Caleb Cushing first served in the Massachusetts state legislature as a member of which body in 1825?
Answer: The Massachusetts House of Representatives
The source states that Caleb Cushing began his political career in the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1825, entering the Massachusetts Senate in 1826.
During which congressional term did Caleb Cushing serve as chairman of the U.S. House Committee on Foreign Affairs?
Answer: 27th Congress
The source specifies that Caleb Cushing held the position of chairman of the U.S. House Committee on Foreign Affairs during the 27th Congress.
What political inconsistency characterized Caleb Cushing's actions during President John Tyler's administration?
Answer: He defended Tyler's vetoes of Whig measures but then voted for the same bills again.
The source highlights that Caleb Cushing defended President Tyler's vetoes of Whig measures but then subsequently voted for the same bills again.
What was Caleb Cushing's political affiliation immediately following his period as a Whig (1833-1847)?
Answer: Democrat
The source states that Caleb Cushing was a Whig from 1833 to 1847, and then a Democrat from 1847 until his death.
Which specific congressional district did Caleb Cushing represent in the U.S. House of Representatives?
Answer: Massachusetts's 3rd congressional district
The source states that Caleb Cushing represented Massachusetts's 3rd congressional district in the U.S. House of Representatives.
The Treaty of Wangxia, negotiated by Caleb Cushing, granted American merchants trading rights in all Chinese ports.
Answer: False
The source specifies that the Treaty of Wangxia granted American merchants trading rights in five Chinese ports, not all Chinese ports.
Caleb Cushing's mission to China successfully culminated in the Treaty of Wanghia, granting the U.S. most favored nation status and extraterritoriality.
Answer: True
The source confirms that the Treaty of Wanghia, negotiated by Caleb Cushing, granted Americans most favored nation status and extraterritoriality.
Foreign trade between the U.S. and China flourished uninterruptedly after the Treaty of Wanghia, leading to a significant increase in American missionaries.
Answer: False
The source indicates that foreign trade stagnated between 1850 and 1864 due to the Taiping Rebellion, contradicting the idea of uninterrupted flourishing trade.
During his mission to China, Caleb Cushing was also authorized to negotiate a treaty with Japan.
Answer: True
The source explicitly states that while serving as commissioner to China, Caleb Cushing was authorized to negotiate a treaty of navigation and commerce with Japan.
In 1868, Caleb Cushing negotiated a treaty with Colombia for a right-of-way for a trans-oceanic ship canal.
Answer: True
The source confirms that in 1868, Caleb Cushing was sent to Bogotá to negotiate a right-of-way treaty for a ship canal across the Isthmus of Panama.
Caleb Cushing served as the lead arbitrator for the United States at the Geneva conference for the Alabama Claims.
Answer: False
The source states that Caleb Cushing served as one of the counsels representing the United States at the Geneva conference for the Alabama Claims, not as the lead arbitrator.
As U.S. Minister to Spain, Caleb Cushing successfully resolved the Virginius Affair and was well-regarded.
Answer: True
The source confirms that during his tenure as U.S. Minister to Spain, Caleb Cushing successfully defused tensions surrounding the Virginius Affair and was well-regarded.
Caleb Cushing's appointment as the first U.S. Minister to China marked the formal establishment of diplomatic relations between the two nations.
Answer: True
The source confirms that Caleb Cushing's appointment as the first U.S. Minister to China in 1844 marked the formal beginning of diplomatic relations between the United States and China.
The gifts brought by the Cushing mission to China were primarily military armaments intended to intimidate the Chinese court.
Answer: False
The source states that the gifts, such as revolvers, a telescope, and an encyclopedia, were intended to impress the Royal Chinese court by exalting scientific wonders and demonstrating American technological advancement, not primarily as military intimidation.
Caleb Cushing was succeeded as U.S. Minister to China by John Canfield Spencer.
Answer: False
The source states that Alexander Everett succeeded Caleb Cushing as the United States Minister to China, not John Canfield Spencer.
What was the principal outcome of Caleb Cushing's negotiation of the Treaty of Wangxia in 1844?
Answer: It granted American merchants trading rights in five Chinese ports.
The source indicates that the Treaty of Wangxia granted American merchants trading rights in five Chinese ports, along with most favored nation status and extraterritoriality.
What diplomatic strategy did Caleb Cushing utilize during his mission to China (1843-1845) to secure the Treaty of Wanghia?
Answer: A 'carrot and stick' approach, including warnings and threats.
The source describes Caleb Cushing's use of a 'carrot and stick' approach, including warnings and threats, to secure the Treaty of Wanghia.
What major event led to the stagnation of foreign trade between the U.S. and China from 1850 to 1864, notwithstanding the Treaty of Wanghia?
Answer: The Taiping Rebellion
The source identifies the Taiping Rebellion, a devastating civil war in China, as the cause of foreign trade stagnation between 1850 and 1864.
Beyond his mission to China, Caleb Cushing was authorized to negotiate a treaty with which other Asian nation?
Answer: Japan
The source states that Caleb Cushing was also authorized to negotiate a treaty of navigation and commerce with Japan during his mission to China.
In 1868, Caleb Cushing was dispatched to Bogotá to negotiate a treaty for what specific purpose?
Answer: To establish a right-of-way for a ship canal across the Isthmus of Panama.
The source states that Caleb Cushing was sent to Bogotá to negotiate a right-of-way treaty for a ship canal across the Isthmus of Panama.
What was Caleb Cushing's specific role at the Geneva conference for the settlement of the Alabama Claims (1871-1872)?
Answer: He was one of the counsels representing the United States.
The source states that Caleb Cushing served as one of the counsels appointed by President Ulysses S. Grant to represent the United States before the Geneva Tribunal of Arbitration.
What significant diplomatic incident did Caleb Cushing successfully de-escalate during his tenure as United States Minister to Spain?
Answer: The Virginius Affair
The source states that Caleb Cushing successfully defused tensions surrounding the Virginius Affair during his time as U.S. Minister to Spain.
What was the principal significance of Caleb Cushing's appointment as the inaugural U.S. Minister to China?
Answer: It marked the formal beginning of diplomatic relations between the U.S. and China.
The source states that Caleb Cushing's appointment as the first U.S. Minister to China marked the formal beginning of diplomatic relations between the United States and China.
What was the primary objective of the 'scientific gifts' presented by the Cushing mission to China?
Answer: To impress the Royal Chinese court and demonstrate American technological advancement.
The source states that the scientific gifts were intended to impress the Royal Chinese court by exalting scientific wonders and demonstrating American technological advancement.
Who succeeded Caleb Cushing as the United States Minister to China?
Answer: Alexander Everett
The source states that Alexander Everett succeeded Caleb Cushing as the United States Minister to China.
Caleb Cushing served as the 23rd United States Attorney General under President Franklin Pierce and subsequently as the United States Minister to Spain.
Answer: True
The source confirms Caleb Cushing served as the 23rd United States Attorney General under President Franklin Pierce and later as the United States Minister to Spain.
Caleb Cushing's nomination for U.S. Secretary of the Treasury was rejected by the Senate due to his lack of experience in financial matters.
Answer: False
The source states that the U.S. Senate refused to confirm his nomination, rejecting it three times, but does not specify 'lack of experience in financial matters' as the reason for rejection.
Caleb Cushing served as the Secretary of State during Franklin Pierce's presidency.
Answer: False
The source states that Caleb Cushing served as the Attorney General of the United States during Franklin Pierce's presidency, not the Secretary of State.
Caleb Cushing's nomination for Chief Justice was withdrawn due to his lack of judicial experience.
Answer: False
The source states that his nomination was withdrawn due to opposition from Radical Republicans and the discovery of a controversial letter he wrote to Jefferson Davis, not due to a lack of judicial experience.
Which of the following was NOT among Caleb Cushing's principal professional roles?
Answer: U.S. Secretary of State
The source lists Caleb Cushing's primary roles as Member of the U.S. House of Representatives, 23rd United States Attorney General, and United States Minister to Spain. He was not Secretary of State.
For what reason was Caleb Cushing's nomination for U.S. Secretary of the Treasury rejected by the Senate in 1843?
Answer: The Senate refused to confirm him, rejecting his nomination three times.
The source states that the U.S. Senate refused to confirm him, rejecting his nomination three times in a single day.
What executive office did Caleb Cushing hold during the presidency of Franklin Pierce?
Answer: Attorney General of the United States
The source states that Caleb Cushing served as the Attorney General of the United States during Franklin Pierce's presidency.
For what reason was Caleb Cushing's nomination for Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court withdrawn in 1874?
Answer: A non-political letter he wrote to Jefferson Davis was discovered and caused controversy.
The source states that his nomination was withdrawn after a non-political letter he wrote in 1861 to Confederate President Jefferson Davis was discovered and caused significant controversy.
Despite his bill being defeated, Caleb Cushing personally funded a regiment for the Mexican-American War.
Answer: False
The source states that Caleb Cushing successfully raised the necessary funds through private means, not that he personally funded the regiment entirely.
Caleb Cushing saw significant combat action as a brigadier-general during the Mexican-American War.
Answer: False
The source explicitly states that Caleb Cushing did not engage in combat during the Mexican-American War.
Caleb Cushing publicly opposed the Dred Scott decision, advocating for African American citizenship.
Answer: False
The source explicitly states that Caleb Cushing supported the Dred Scott decision, which affirmed the legality of slavery and denied citizenship to African Americans, directly contradicting the statement.
Caleb Cushing presided over the 1860 Democratic National Convention and subsequently over a separate convention that nominated John C. Breckinridge.
Answer: True
The source confirms that Caleb Cushing presided over the 1860 Democratic National Convention and then over the seceding delegates' convention that nominated John C. Breckinridge.
In 1860, President James Buchanan dispatched Caleb Cushing to negotiate a trade agreement with South Carolina.
Answer: False
The source states that President James Buchanan sent Caleb Cushing to Charleston as a Confidential Commissioner to the Secessionists of South Carolina, aiming to address growing tensions, not to negotiate a trade agreement.
Despite his prior views, Caleb Cushing supported the Union during the American Civil War.
Answer: True
The source explicitly states that despite his previous support for states' rights and opposition to the abolition of slavery, Caleb Cushing ultimately supported the Union during the American Civil War.
Caleb Cushing achieved the rank of Brigadier General of volunteers during his Mexican-American War service.
Answer: True
The source confirms that Caleb Cushing was promoted to the rank of Brigadier General of volunteers during his Mexican-American War service.
How did Caleb Cushing secure funds for a Mexican-American War regiment after his legislative bill was defeated?
Answer: He successfully raised the necessary funds through private means.
The source indicates that Caleb Cushing successfully raised the necessary funds through private means after his bill was defeated.
What was a significant aspect of Caleb Cushing's military service during the Mexican-American War?
Answer: He did not engage in combat during the conflict.
The source states that Caleb Cushing did not engage in combat during the Mexican-American War.
What was Caleb Cushing's position regarding the 1857 Dred Scott decision?
Answer: He supported the decision, which affirmed the legality of slavery.
The source states that Caleb Cushing supported the March 1857 Dred Scott decision.
What was Caleb Cushing's function at the 1860 Democratic National Convention?
Answer: He presided over the convention and later a seceding convention.
The source states that Caleb Cushing presided over the 1860 Democratic National Convention and later over a separate convention that nominated John C. Breckinridge.
What confidential diplomatic assignment did President James Buchanan entrust to Caleb Cushing in 1860?
Answer: To serve as a Confidential Commissioner to the Secessionists of South Carolina.
The source states that President James Buchanan dispatched Caleb Cushing to Charleston as a Confidential Commissioner to the Secessionists of South Carolina.
Despite his prior support for states' rights and opposition to the abolition of slavery, what was Caleb Cushing's ultimate position during the American Civil War?
Answer: He supported the Union.
The source explicitly states that despite his previous views, Caleb Cushing ultimately supported the Union during the American Civil War.
What was the highest military rank Caleb Cushing attained during his service in the Mexican-American War?
Answer: Brigadier General of volunteers
The source states that Caleb Cushing was promoted to the rank of Brigadier General of volunteers during his Mexican-American War service.
After his federal service, Caleb Cushing served as Mayor of Newburyport and an associate justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court.
Answer: True
The source confirms that Caleb Cushing served as mayor of Newburyport (1851-1852) and as an associate justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court (1852-1853) after his federal service.
Caleb Cushing established a successful shipping company in Wisconsin that is now a historic landmark.
Answer: False
The source states that Caleb Cushing founded the Cushing Land Agency in St. Croix Falls, Wisconsin, not a shipping company.
After the Civil War, President Andrew Johnson appointed Caleb Cushing to lead the reconstruction efforts in the Southern states.
Answer: False
The source states that President Andrew Johnson appointed Caleb Cushing as one of three commissioners tasked with revising and codifying the laws of the United States Congress, not to lead reconstruction efforts.
Caleb Cushing died in Boston, Massachusetts, in 1879.
Answer: False
The source states that Caleb Cushing died in Newburyport, Massachusetts, in 1879, not Boston.
The U.S. Revenue Cutter *Caleb Cushing* was destroyed by Confederate raiders during the Civil War.
Answer: True
The source confirms that the United States Revenue Cutter *Caleb Cushing* was destroyed by Confederate raiders during the Battle of Portland Harbor on June 27, 1863.
Caleb Cushing authored a historical review of the French Revolution and a book about the Treaty of Washington.
Answer: True
The source lists 'Review, historical and political, of the late revolution in France...' and 'The Treaty of Washington' among Caleb Cushing's authored works.
Which of the following municipal or judicial positions did Caleb Cushing occupy in Massachusetts subsequent to his federal service?
Answer: Mayor of Newburyport
The source indicates that Caleb Cushing served as mayor of Newburyport and as an associate justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court after his federal service.
What type of commercial enterprise did Caleb Cushing establish in St. Croix Falls, Wisconsin?
Answer: A land agency
The source states that Caleb Cushing founded the Cushing Land Agency in St. Croix Falls, Wisconsin.
What specific task was Caleb Cushing appointed to by President Andrew Johnson following the Civil War?
Answer: Revising and codifying the laws of the United States Congress.
The source states that President Andrew Johnson appointed Caleb Cushing as one of three commissioners tasked with revising and codifying the laws of the United States Congress.
Where was Caleb Cushing interred following his death in 1879?
Answer: Highland Cemetery in Newburyport, Massachusetts
The source states that Caleb Cushing was laid to rest in Highland Cemetery in Newburyport, Massachusetts.
What was the ultimate fate of the United States Revenue Cutter *Caleb Cushing* during the American Civil War?
Answer: It was destroyed by Confederate raiders.
The source states that the United States Revenue Cutter *Caleb Cushing* was destroyed by Confederate raiders during the Battle of Portland Harbor on June 27, 1863.
Which of the following literary works was authored by Caleb Cushing?
Answer: Reminiscences of Spain
The source lists 'Reminiscences of Spain' as one of the notable works authored by Caleb Cushing.