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Jonathan Myrick Daniels was born in Keene, New Hampshire, on March 20, 1939.
Answer: True
Jonathan Daniels' birth record indicates he was born in Keene, New Hampshire, on March 20, 1939.
Jonathan Daniels' father, Phillip Brock Daniels, was a physician and a Congregationalist.
Answer: True
Records indicate that Jonathan Daniels' father, Phillip Brock Daniels, was a physician and affiliated with the Congregationalist faith.
Before entering seminary, Jonathan Daniels graduated from Yale University and then attended Harvard Law School.
Answer: False
Jonathan Daniels attended the Virginia Military Institute (VMI) as valedictorian and subsequently studied English literature at Harvard University before entering seminary.
Jonathan Daniels decided to pursue ordination after experiencing a profound spiritual calling during an Easter service in Boston in 1962.
Answer: True
A significant spiritual renewal during an Easter service in Boston in 1962 prompted Jonathan Daniels to decide to pursue ordination as an Episcopal priest.
Jonathan Daniels' decision to pursue ordination was influenced by his studies in political science at Harvard.
Answer: False
Jonathan Daniels' decision to pursue ordination was influenced by a spiritual calling experienced during an Easter service, not by his studies in political science at Harvard (he studied English literature).
Who was Jonathan Myrick Daniels?
Answer: An Episcopal seminarian and civil rights activist who died saving another person.
Jonathan Myrick Daniels was an Episcopal seminarian and civil rights activist whose life was tragically cut short when he sacrificed himself to save Ruby Sales.
Which of the following describes Jonathan Daniels' educational background before seminary?
Answer: Attended VMI as valedictorian and then studied at Harvard University.
Jonathan Daniels graduated as valedictorian from the Virginia Military Institute (VMI) and subsequently pursued English literature studies at Harvard University before commencing his seminary education.
What prompted Jonathan Daniels to decide to pursue ordination as an Episcopal priest?
Answer: A renewed spiritual calling during an Easter service in Boston.
A profound spiritual calling experienced during an Easter service in Boston in 1962 was the catalyst for Jonathan Daniels' decision to pursue ordination within the Episcopal Church.
Jonathan Daniels' primary occupation was a lawyer specializing in civil rights litigation.
Answer: False
Jonathan Daniels was an Episcopal seminarian and a civil rights activist, not a lawyer.
Daniels and Sales were working in Lowndes County, Alabama, to integrate public spaces and register Black voters following the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
Answer: True
In the summer of 1965, following the Voting Rights Act of 1965 (which built upon the Civil Rights Act of 1964), Daniels and Sales were engaged in efforts to integrate public spaces and register Black voters in Lowndes County, Alabama.
The Voting Rights Act of 1965 aimed to outlaw discriminatory voting practices that had disenfranchised Black citizens.
Answer: True
The Voting Rights Act of 1965 was landmark federal legislation designed to overcome legal barriers at the state and local levels that prevented African Americans from exercising their right to vote.
Jonathan Daniels initially went to Selma, Alabama, in March 1965 to participate in a protest against segregation in local restaurants.
Answer: False
Jonathan Daniels traveled to Selma in March 1965 to support the voting rights march from Selma to Montgomery, not primarily to protest restaurant segregation.
After returning to seminary for exams, Daniels did not go back to Alabama to continue his civil rights work.
Answer: False
Following his exams, Jonathan Daniels returned to Alabama in July 1965 to resume his civil rights activities, including voter registration efforts.
Daniels attempted to integrate the local Episcopal church in Selma by bringing white members to services.
Answer: False
Daniels attempted to integrate the local Episcopal church by bringing groups of African American youth to attend services, not white members.
The protest in Fort Deposit on August 14, 1965, aimed to challenge racial segregation in public accommodations.
Answer: True
The demonstration in Fort Deposit on August 14, 1965, involved picketing stores with whites-only policies, directly challenging racial segregation in public accommodations.
Civil rights work in Lowndes County after the Voting Rights Act focused primarily on integrating schools.
Answer: False
Following the Voting Rights Act of 1965, civil rights work in Lowndes County concentrated on voter registration and integrating public spaces, rather than primarily focusing on school integration.
The Voting Rights Act of 1965 led to a decrease in Black voter registration and participation in the South.
Answer: False
The Voting Rights Act of 1965 was instrumental in dismantling barriers to Black voting, leading to a significant increase in registration and participation across the South.
What was the significance of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 in relation to Daniels' work?
Answer: It aimed to dismantle discriminatory voting practices that Daniels supported.
The Voting Rights Act of 1965 was crucial legislation designed to eliminate discriminatory voting practices. Daniels' work in voter registration directly aligned with and supported the objectives of this act.
Why did Jonathan Daniels go to Selma, Alabama, in March 1965?
Answer: To support the voting rights march from Selma to Montgomery.
Jonathan Daniels traveled to Selma in March 1965 in response to Martin Luther King Jr.'s call to support the pivotal voting rights march from Selma to Montgomery.
What action did Daniels take to integrate the local Episcopal church in Selma?
Answer: He brought groups of African American youth to attend services.
Daniels actively worked towards integration by bringing groups of African American youth to attend services at the local Episcopal church, challenging its exclusionary practices.
Which of the following best describes the impact of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 on the South?
Answer: It dismantled barriers to Black voting and increased participation.
The Voting Rights Act of 1965 was transformative, effectively dismantling discriminatory voting practices and leading to a substantial increase in Black voter registration and participation throughout the South.
Jonathan Daniels died at the age of 26 in Selma, Alabama, on August 20, 1965.
Answer: False
While Jonathan Daniels died at the age of 26 on August 20, 1965, the location of his death was Hayneville, Alabama, not Selma.
Jonathan Daniels sacrificed his life by shielding Ruby Sales, a young Black civil rights activist, from a shotgun blast.
Answer: True
Jonathan Daniels was killed while shielding Ruby Sales from a shotgun blast fired by Tom Coleman, an act of profound self-sacrifice.
Ruby Sales was an elderly woman who had been a long-time leader in the civil rights movement before meeting Jonathan Daniels.
Answer: False
Ruby Sales was a 17-year-old Black civil rights activist at the time of the incident, not an elderly long-time leader.
On August 14, 1965, Jonathan Daniels was arrested while picketing stores that practiced segregation in Hayneville, Alabama.
Answer: False
Jonathan Daniels was arrested on August 14, 1965, while picketing stores that practiced segregation, but the location was Fort Deposit, Alabama, not Hayneville.
After their arrest in Fort Deposit, the protesters, including Daniels, were transported in a bus to the jail in Hayneville.
Answer: False
The protesters, including Daniels, were transported from Fort Deposit to the jail in Hayneville in a garbage truck, not a bus.
The protesters held in Hayneville jail for six days experienced adequate conditions with functioning air conditioning.
Answer: False
The jail conditions in Hayneville were inadequate; the facility lacked air conditioning, and bail was deliberately delayed for the group.
Varner's Cash Store was a whites-only establishment where the confrontation occurred.
Answer: False
Varner's Cash Store was a local establishment that served non-white customers, and it was the site where Jonathan Daniels was shot.
The immediate cause of Jonathan Daniels' death was a shotgun wound sustained while shielding Ruby Sales.
Answer: True
Jonathan Daniels succumbed to a shotgun wound inflicted by Tom Coleman, which he sustained while shielding Ruby Sales.
In which U.S. state did Jonathan Daniels die?
Answer: Alabama
Jonathan Daniels died in Hayneville, Alabama, on August 20, 1965.
Where were Jonathan Daniels and other protesters arrested on August 14, 1965?
Answer: Fort Deposit, Alabama
On August 14, 1965, Jonathan Daniels and 28 other activists were arrested in Fort Deposit, Alabama, for picketing segregated stores.
How were the protesters, including Daniels, transported to the jail in Hayneville?
Answer: In a garbage truck
Following their arrest, the protesters, including Jonathan Daniels, were transported to the Hayneville jail in a garbage truck.
What were the jail conditions like for the protesters in Hayneville?
Answer: Lacking air conditioning and with delayed bail options.
The protesters held in Hayneville jail for six days endured harsh conditions, including a lack of air conditioning and a deliberate delay in processing bail.
What was the significance of Varner's Cash Store?
Answer: It was a store serving non-whites where the fatal confrontation occurred.
Varner's Cash Store was a local establishment that served non-white customers and became the site of the fatal confrontation where Jonathan Daniels was shot.
Jonathan Daniels' death had little impact on the civil rights movement, as the murder of a white activist was not widely publicized.
Answer: False
Jonathan Daniels' death had a significant impact, galvanizing support for the civil rights movement. The murder of an educated white seminarian defending a Black teenager drew considerable attention and prompted introspection among white allies.
Tom Coleman, the man who shot Jonathan Daniels, was an unpaid special deputy at the time.
Answer: True
Tom Coleman held the position of an unpaid special deputy when he confronted and shot Jonathan Daniels.
Martin Luther King Jr. described Jonathan Daniels' murder as a tragic loss but did not comment on its heroic nature.
Answer: False
Martin Luther King Jr. characterized Jonathan Daniels' act as "one of the most heroic Christian deeds of which I have heard in my entire ministry."
Tom Coleman was charged with murder, but the case was later reduced to manslaughter, and he was acquitted.
Answer: True
Tom Coleman was indicted for manslaughter. Despite efforts to pursue a murder charge, the case proceeded as manslaughter, and he was ultimately acquitted.
Alabama Attorney General Richmond Flowers Sr. supported the manslaughter charge against Tom Coleman.
Answer: False
Alabama Attorney General Richmond Flowers Sr. believed Tom Coleman should have been charged with murder and attempted to intervene in the prosecution, but was ultimately unsuccessful.
Tom Coleman was convicted of manslaughter and served time in prison for Jonathan Daniels' death.
Answer: False
Tom Coleman was acquitted of manslaughter charges and consequently did not serve time in prison for Jonathan Daniels' death.
The killing of Jonathan Daniels, a white seminarian, did not significantly influence white awareness of racial injustice in the South.
Answer: False
The murder of Jonathan Daniels served as a significant wake-up call, particularly for white allies and within the Episcopal Church, increasing awareness of the brutal realities of racial injustice in the South.
Tom Coleman was convicted of murder and sentenced to life imprisonment for killing Jonathan Daniels.
Answer: False
Tom Coleman was acquitted of manslaughter charges and was not convicted of murder or sentenced to life imprisonment.
Tom Coleman continued to work as an engineer for the state highway department after being acquitted.
Answer: True
Following his acquittal, Tom Coleman resumed his employment as an engineer with the state highway department.
What was Tom Coleman's role at the time he shot Jonathan Daniels?
Answer: Unpaid special deputy
At the time of the shooting, Tom Coleman was serving as an unpaid special deputy.
How did Martin Luther King Jr. react to Jonathan Daniels' murder?
Answer: He called it one of the most heroic Christian deeds he had heard of.
Martin Luther King Jr. publicly lauded Jonathan Daniels' sacrifice, describing it as one of the most heroic Christian acts he had encountered.
What charges were brought against Tom Coleman for the death of Jonathan Daniels?
Answer: Manslaughter
Tom Coleman was indicted for manslaughter in connection with the death of Jonathan Daniels.
What was the outcome of the legal proceedings against Tom Coleman?
Answer: Acquitted of manslaughter charges.
Tom Coleman was acquitted of the manslaughter charges brought against him, following a trial where he claimed self-defense.
Who was Alabama Attorney General Richmond Flowers Sr. in relation to Tom Coleman's trial?
Answer: He believed Coleman should be charged with murder and tried to intervene.
Alabama Attorney General Richmond Flowers Sr. advocated for a murder charge against Tom Coleman and attempted to influence the proceedings, but his efforts were ultimately unsuccessful.
What was Tom Coleman's occupation after his acquittal?
Answer: He continued working as an engineer for the state highway department.
Following his acquittal, Tom Coleman maintained his position as an engineer for the state highway department.
Within the Anglican Communion, Jonathan Daniels is recognized as a saint and his feast day is celebrated on August 20th.
Answer: False
Jonathan Daniels is venerated as a martyr in the Episcopal Church, and his feast day is observed on August 14th, not August 20th.
After the events in Hayneville, Ruby Sales continued her activism and later founded an inner-city mission dedicated to Jonathan Daniels.
Answer: True
Ruby Sales continued her education and activism, eventually founding an inner-city mission that honored Jonathan Daniels' legacy.
The Episcopal Church officially designated Jonathan Daniels as a martyr in 1991 and observes his feast day on August 14th.
Answer: True
In 1991, the Episcopal Church officially recognized Jonathan Daniels as a martyr, and his feast day is commemorated on August 14th.
August 14 is designated by the Episcopal Church solely to honor Jonathan Daniels.
Answer: False
August 14 is designated by the Episcopal Church as a day of remembrance for Jonathan Daniels and other martyrs of the civil rights movement, not solely for Daniels.
A sculpture dedicated to Jonathan Daniels is part of the Human Rights Porch at Washington National Cathedral, unveiled in 2015.
Answer: True
Washington National Cathedral dedicated a sculpture of Jonathan Daniels on its Human Rights Porch in 2015, an event attended by Ruby Sales.
The Virginia Military Institute (VMI) created the Jonathan Daniels Humanitarian Award in his honor.
Answer: True
VMI, Daniels' alma mater, established the Jonathan Daniels Humanitarian Award in 1998 to honor his legacy.
Jonathan Daniels is memorialized at the Southern Poverty Law Center's Civil Rights Memorial in Birmingham, Alabama.
Answer: False
Jonathan Daniels is memorialized at the Southern Poverty Law Center's Civil Rights Memorial, but this memorial is located in Montgomery, Alabama, not Birmingham.
The Order of Saint Luke, a Methodist religious order, added Daniels to their calendar of saints in 2013.
Answer: True
The Order of Saint Luke, a United Methodist religious order, recognized Jonathan Daniels by adding him to their calendar of saints in 2013.
Jonathan Daniels is depicted in a stained glass window at All Saints' Episcopal Church in Austin, Texas, alongside Martin Luther King Jr.
Answer: False
Jonathan Daniels is depicted in a stained glass window at All Saints' Episcopal Church in Austin, Texas, but alongside Absalom Jones, not Martin Luther King Jr.
The play *Six Nights in the Black Belt* chronicles events related to Daniels' activism and murder, including his relationship with Stokely Carmichael.
Answer: True
The play *Six Nights in the Black Belt* explores the events surrounding Daniels' activism and murder, including his interactions with Stokely Carmichael.
Jonathan Daniels was portrayed by actor Mackenzie Astin in the television film *Selma, Lord, Selma*.
Answer: True
Actor Mackenzie Astin portrayed Jonathan Daniels in the 1999 television film *Selma, Lord, Selma*.
The designation of Jonathan Daniels as a 'martyr' signifies his death for his faith and commitment to justice.
Answer: True
The title of 'martyr' bestowed upon Jonathan Daniels by the Episcopal Church signifies his death in witness to his faith and his commitment to the principles of justice and equality.
Jonathan Daniels is honored with a stained glass window at All Saints' Episcopal Church in Austin, Texas, alongside Absalom Jones.
Answer: True
A stained glass window at All Saints' Episcopal Church in Austin, Texas, depicts Jonathan Daniels alongside Absalom Jones, an early African American Episcopal priest.
What was the primary reason Jonathan Daniels is remembered?
Answer: His act of sacrificing his life to save Ruby Sales.
Jonathan Daniels is primarily remembered for his ultimate sacrifice: giving his life to save the young activist Ruby Sales.
How did the murder of Jonathan Daniels impact the Episcopal Church?
Answer: It served as a wake-up call regarding racial injustice.
The murder of Jonathan Daniels, a white seminarian, served as a profound wake-up call for the Episcopal Church and its members, compelling a deeper confrontation with racial injustice.
What did Ruby Sales do after the events in Hayneville?
Answer: She continued her education and became a human rights advocate.
Following the tragic events, Ruby Sales pursued higher education and became a prominent human rights advocate, continuing the work for justice.
When did the Episcopal Church officially designate Jonathan Daniels as a martyr?
Answer: 1991
The Episcopal Church officially recognized Jonathan Daniels as a martyr in 1991.
What is the significance of August 14th for the Episcopal Church in relation to Jonathan Daniels?
Answer: It is a day of remembrance for him and other civil rights martyrs.
August 14th is observed by the Episcopal Church as a day of remembrance for Jonathan Daniels and other martyrs of the civil rights movement, honoring their sacrifices.
Where is a sculpture of Jonathan Daniels located within the Human Rights Porch?
Answer: Washington National Cathedral
A sculpture honoring Jonathan Daniels is situated within the Human Rights Porch at Washington National Cathedral.
How has the Virginia Military Institute (VMI) honored Jonathan Daniels?
Answer: By creating the Jonathan Daniels Humanitarian Award.
The Virginia Military Institute (VMI) established the Jonathan Daniels Humanitarian Award in 1998 to commemorate his legacy.
Jonathan Daniels is memorialized at the Civil Rights Memorial located in which city?
Answer: Montgomery
Jonathan Daniels is honored at the Southern Poverty Law Center's Civil Rights Memorial, which is situated in Montgomery, Alabama.
In which Texas city is Jonathan Daniels honored with a stained glass window alongside Absalom Jones?
Answer: Austin
Jonathan Daniels is depicted in a stained glass window at All Saints' Episcopal Church in Austin, Texas.
Who portrayed Jonathan Daniels in the television film *Selma, Lord, Selma*?
Answer: Mackenzie Astin
The role of Jonathan Daniels in the television film *Selma, Lord, Selma* was performed by actor Mackenzie Astin.
What did the Order of Saint Luke, a United Methodist religious order, do regarding Jonathan Daniels?
Answer: They added him to their calendar of saints.
The Order of Saint Luke, a United Methodist religious order, recognized Jonathan Daniels by including him on their calendar of saints in 2013.