What is the Bay of Islands, and where is it located?

The Bay of Islands is a significant area situated on the east coast of the Far North District of New Zealand's North Island. It is recognized as one of the country's premier destinations for fishing, sailing, and tourism.

What are the Māori names for the Bay of Islands?

In the Māori language, the Bay of Islands is known by several names, including Te Pēwhairangi, Ipipiri, and Tokerau. The name Tokerau was given by early Māori ancestors and references a place in their ancestral homeland, Hawaiki.

Who named the Bay of Islands its English name, and when did this occur?

Captain James Cook gave the Bay of Islands its English name on November 27, 1769, during his first voyage. The naming occurred after he and his crew landed on Motuarohia Island.

What is the geographical description of the Bay of Islands?

The Bay of Islands is characterized as a drowned valley system and a natural harbor. It spans approximately 16 kilometers (10 miles) wide and covers an area of 260 square kilometers (100 square miles).

How many islands are located within the Bay of Islands, and which is the largest?

The Bay of Islands contains 144 islands. The largest among these is Urupukapuka Island.

What are the primary inlets within the Bay of Islands?

The three largest inlets within the Bay of Islands are Waikare Inlet in the southern part of the bay, and Kerikeri Inlet and Te Puna (Mangonui) Inlet located in the north-western section.

Which peninsula forms the northwestern boundary of the bay, and what extends from the eastern end?

The Purerua Peninsula is situated north of Te Puna Inlet and separates the northwestern part of the bay from the Pacific Ocean. Extending 10 kilometers (6 miles) into the ocean at the eastern end of the bay is the Cape Brett Peninsula.

What are the main towns located in the Bay of Islands?

The largest town within the Bay of Islands is Kerikeri, followed by Paihia. The historic town of Russell is situated on a small peninsula extending into the bay from the southeast.

What is the significance of the map image associated with the Bay of Islands?

The accompanying map visually indicates the location of the Bay of Islands within New Zealand, providing geographical context for the region.

What does the image of dolphins represent in relation to the Bay of Islands?

The image of dolphins swimming in the Bay of Islands highlights the area's rich marine life and natural beauty, which contributes to its appeal as a tourist destination.

What historical event is linked to the town of Waitangi in the Bay of Islands?

Waitangi is a historically significant location in the Bay of Islands because it is where the Treaty of Waitangi, a foundational document for New Zealand, was signed.

What role did the Mātāatua canoe play in the history of the Bay of Islands?

Approximately 700 years ago, the Mātāatua, one of the large Māori migration canoes that traveled from Hawaiki to New Zealand, was sailed to the Bay of Islands. It was brought by Puhi, an ancestor of the Ngāpuhi iwi.

Who was Hōne Heke, and what was his connection to the Bay of Islands?

Hōne Heke was a notable Māori figure born in the Bay of Islands. He is historically known for repeatedly cutting down the flagpole at Kororāreka (Russell), an action that initiated the Flagstaff War.

What historical significance do Okiato and Kerikeri hold in the development of New Zealand?

Okiato served as New Zealand's first capital, marking an early point of governance. Kerikeri was an important departure point for inland Māori traveling to sea and later became the site of the country's first permanent mission station.

What incident occurred at Motu Apo (Te Pahi Island), and what was its cause?

Sixty people from the tribe of chief Te Pahi were killed at Motu Apo (Te Pahi Island). This event was a reprisal after Te Pahi was wrongly accused of responsibility for the Boyd Massacre in Whangaroa.

What is the historical significance of Russell (formerly Kororāreka) in New Zealand?

Russell, originally known as Kororāreka, holds the distinction of being the first permanent European settlement in New Zealand, established in the early 19th century.

What are Kemp House and the Stone Store, and why are they historically important?

Kemp House, also known as the Mission House, is the oldest standing wooden structure in New Zealand. The Stone Store, a former storehouse, is the oldest stone building in the country, with construction beginning in 1832. Both are located in Kerikeri and represent early European colonial settlement.

How did early European settlers refer to horses in the Bay of Islands?

Early European settlers introduced horses to the area, which fascinated the local Māori. The Māori referred to these horses as man-carrying dogs, or kurī waha tangata.

What types of ships frequented the Bay of Islands in the 19th century, and how did they interact with local Māori?

Sealing and whaling ships were common visitors to the Bay of Islands in the 19th century. These vessels often traded with local Māori iwi to replenish their food supplies, particularly with potatoes and pork.

When did Charles Darwin visit the Bay of Islands, and what vessel was he on?

Charles Darwin visited the Bay of Islands in December 1835 aboard HMS Beagle.

What notable finding was made about the Bay of Islands' sky in a 2006 study?

A study conducted in 2006 identified the Bay of Islands as having the second bluest sky in the world, surpassed only by Rio de Janeiro.

What new tourist transport was introduced in the Bay of Islands in 2019?

In 2019, a new, fast catamaran manufactured by the Explore Group was introduced in the Bay of Islands. This vessel is designed to transport up to 30 passengers at speed to the Hole in the Rock.

What was the original purpose of Albert Ernest Fuller's sailing ship 'Undine' in 1886?

In 1886, Albert Ernest Fuller launched the sailing ship Undine in the Bay of Islands with the primary purpose of delivering coal supplies to the various islands within the bay.

How did the addition of a motor impact the 'Undine's' operations?

By fitting a motor in the early 20th century, Fuller was able to expand the Undine's service beyond just coal delivery, enabling it to transport essential supplies to communities as far out as Cape Brett.

What is the historical significance of the 'Cream Trip' service?

The 'Cream Trip' service originated from the need to transport cream from the islands within the bay. Albert Ernest Fuller acquired the 'Cream Trip' facilities in 1927, and by the 1960s, the commissioned vessel 'Bay Belle' continued this route.

What is the current role of the 'Bay Belle' in the Bay of Islands?

Although a modern catamaran now operates the historical route of the original Cream Trip, the vessel 'Bay Belle' continues to provide transportation services for visitors and locals, operating between Paihia and Russell throughout the day.

What does the aerial view image depict regarding the Bay of Islands?

The aerial view image shows the Bay of Islands looking northeast, with Flagstaff Hill prominent in the foreground and Cape Brett and Percy Island visible in the background.

What are some of the notable islands found within the Bay of Islands?

Some of the islands located within the Bay of Islands include Urupukapuka Island, Waewaetorea Island, Motukiekie Island, Moturua Island, Motuarohia Island, and Putahataha Island, among many others.

What are some of the minor reefs and rocks mentioned as being within the Bay of Islands?

Minor reefs and rocks within the Bay of Islands include Battleship Rock, Paramena Reef, Te Nunuhe Rock (also known as Whale Rock), Dead Whale Reef, Hermione Rock, Micky Rocks, Oturori Rock, Shag Rock, and Tiktiki Rock.

What is the international significance of the Bay of Islands regarding big-game fishing?

The Bay of Islands has been internationally renowned for its big-game fishing since the 1930s, largely due to its promotion by the American author Zane Grey.

What is the geographical relationship between Cape Reinga and the Bay of Islands?

Cape Reinga, which marks the northernmost tip of New Zealand, is located approximately 210 kilometers (130 miles) by road northwest of the Bay of Islands.

What is the meaning of the Ngāpuhi whakataukī associated with Taiamai?

The Ngāpuhi whakataukī (proverb) 'Ka kata ngā pūririri o Taiamai' translates to 'the pūririri trees are laughing with joy.' This phrase is used to express delight in the world or to welcome an honored guest.

What type of geographical feature is described for the Bay of Islands, and what does this imply about its formation?

The Bay of Islands is described as a drowned valley system, indicating that it was formed by the sea flooding a river valley, likely due to rising sea levels or land subsidence.

What is the significance of the 'Authority control' section in the provided text?

The 'Authority control' section links the Bay of Islands to various international and national databases, such as VIAF, Germany's Deutsche National Library (DNB), the U.S. Library of Congress, and Israel's National Library. This helps in identifying and cataloging the subject consistently across different information systems.

What does the presence of Wikivoyage and Wikimedia Commons links suggest about the Bay of Islands?

The inclusion of links to Wikivoyage and Wikimedia Commons indicates that the Bay of Islands is a notable travel destination with extensive information available for tourists and researchers, including travel guides and related media.

What was the role of missionaries in the early history of the Bay of Islands?

Missionaries were among the first Europeans to settle in the Bay of Islands, establishing their presence in 1814. Kerikeri later became the site of the country's first permanent mission station.

What is the significance of the 'Cream Trip' in the context of island communities?

The 'Cream Trip' historically served as a vital service for delivering essential supplies, including cream, to the communities located on the islands within the Bay of Islands, connecting them to the mainland.

What is the relationship between the Bay of Islands and the Pacific Ocean?

The Bay of Islands is a part of the Pacific Ocean, situated along the coast of New Zealand's North Island.

What does the reference to Zane Grey signify for the Bay of Islands?

The American author Zane Grey is credited with popularizing the Bay of Islands internationally for its big-game fishing opportunities, starting in the 1930s.

What is the meaning of 'Te Pēwhairangi' in the context of the Bay of Islands?

'Te Pēwhairangi' is one of the Māori names for the Bay of Islands, reflecting its indigenous heritage and connection to the land.

What historical context is provided by the mention of the Mātāatua canoe?

The mention of the Mātāatua canoe provides context about early Māori migration and settlement in New Zealand, specifically linking the Ngāpuhi iwi to the Bay of Islands through this ancestral journey.

What does the description of the bay as a 'natural harbour' imply?

Describing the Bay of Islands as a natural harbour suggests it offers sheltered waters suitable for anchorage and maritime activities, contributing to its historical importance for shipping and its modern appeal for sailing and tourism.

What is the significance of the 'bluest sky' finding for the Bay of Islands?

The finding that the Bay of Islands has the second bluest sky in the world highlights its pristine atmospheric conditions and natural beauty, potentially enhancing its appeal as a tourist destination.

What historical role did the Bay of Islands play in the early development of New Zealand's governance?

The Bay of Islands played a crucial role in early New Zealand governance, with Okiato serving as the nation's first capital and Waitangi being the site where the foundational Treaty of Waitangi was signed.

How did the Bay of Islands become known for big-game fishing?

The Bay of Islands gained international fame for big-game fishing primarily through the writings and publicity efforts of American author Zane Grey in the 1930s.

What is the significance of the 'Treaty of Waitangi' in relation to the Bay of Islands?

The Treaty of Waitangi, a pivotal document in New Zealand's history, was signed at Waitangi, a location within the Bay of Islands, making the area historically significant for the nation's founding.

What does the presence of numerous islands contribute to the character of the Bay of Islands?

The presence of 144 islands within the Bay of Islands contributes to its unique geography and offers diverse environments, supporting various ecological systems and recreational opportunities.

What historical connection exists between the Bay of Islands and the Ngāpuhi iwi?

The Bay of Islands is historically significant to the Ngāpuhi iwi, as it was settled by descendants of those who arrived on the Mātāatua canoe, and the iwi remains the largest in New Zealand today.

What does the name 'Taiamai' refer to in the context of the Bay of Islands?

Taiamai is the traditional name for the wider Bay of Islands area, including the plain surrounding Waimate North. It is derived from a Ngāpuhi proverb expressing delight or welcome.

What was the function of the 'Cream Trip' service?

The 'Cream Trip' service was established to transport cream from the islands within the Bay of Islands. It later evolved to deliver essential supplies to island communities and now serves as a tourist excursion.

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Etymology

Māori Names

In the Māori language, the bay is known by several names, including Te Pēwhairangi, Ipipiri, and Tokerau. Tokerau was given by early Māori ancestors, referencing a place in their ancestral homeland, Hawaiki. The broader region, including the area around Waimate North, is traditionally called Taiamai, derived from a Māori proverb expressing joy or welcoming esteemed guests.

English Naming

The English name, "Bay of Islands," was bestowed by Captain James Cook on November 27, 1769, during his inaugural voyage. This occurred when Cook and his expedition landed on Motuarohia Island, marking the beginning of European interaction with this significant geographical feature.

Geography

A Drowned Valley System

The Bay of Islands is an expansive, irregularly shaped natural harbour, approximately 16 km (10 mi) wide, covering about 260 km² (100 sq mi). It is characterized as a drowned valley system, featuring numerous peninsulas, inlets, and a remarkable 144 islands. The largest of these islands is Urupukapuka Island.

Key Features and Settlements

Major inlets include Waikare Inlet to the south, and Kerikeri and Te Puna (Mangonui) inlets to the northwest. The Purerua Peninsula separates the northwestern bay from the Pacific Ocean, while Cape Brett Peninsula extends significantly into the ocean at the bay's eastern end. The primary towns within the area are Kerikeri and Paihia, with the historic town of Russell situated on a peninsula in the southeast.

Location Overview

Situated on the east coast of the Far North District of New Zealand's North Island, the Bay of Islands lies northwest of Whangārei city. Cape Reinga, the country's northernmost point, is approximately 210 km (130 mi) further northwest by road.

History

Early Māori Settlement

Approximately 700 years ago, the Māori migration canoe Mātaatua journeyed to the Bay of Islands. Puhi, an ancestor of the Ngāpuhi iwi (tribe), settled here. Numerous Māori settlements, including Okiato (New Zealand's first capital), Waitangi (site of the Treaty signing), and Kerikeri, played pivotal roles in the nation's early development. Notable Māori figures like Hōne Heke, known for the Flagstaff War, hailed from this region.

European Arrival and Interaction

Captain James Cook named the bay in 1769, marking the first European contact. Whalers and missionaries followed in the early 19th century. Russell (formerly Kororāreka) became the first permanent European settlement. Historic sites like the Mission House (Kemp House) and the Stone Store in Kerikeri represent significant early colonial structures.

Exploration and Culture

The bay was a frequent stop for 19th-century sealing and whaling ships. Charles Darwin visited in HMS Beagle in 1835. Members of the United States Exploring Expedition were present at the initial signing of the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840. In a 2006 study, the bay's sky was noted as the second bluest in the world.

The Cream Trip

Historical Origins

The tradition began in 1886 when Albert Ernest Fuller used the sailing ship Undine to deliver coal to the islands. By the early 20th century, motor power allowed for the delivery of essential supplies. In 1927, Fuller acquired the Cream Trip, focusing on transporting cream from the islands.

Modern Legacy

While a modern catamaran now follows the historical route, the original vessel, Bay Belle, continues to transport visitors and locals between Paihia and Russell, preserving the legacy of this unique service that connected island communities for generations.

Islands and Rocks

Notable Islands

The Bay of Islands is home to 144 islands, including:

Urupukapuka Island
Waewaetorea Island
Motukiekie Island
Moturua Island
Motuarohia Island
Putahataha Island
Motuwheteke Island
Motutara Rock (Twins Rock)
Hope Reef
Hat Island
Tawiriwiri Island
Mahenotiti Island
Te Ao Island
Round Island
Poroporo Island
Okahu Island
Harakeke Island
Motutara Island
Ngatokaparangi Islands
Rangiatea Island
Motuoi Island
Te Miko Reef
Kuiamokimoki Island
Pakatahi Island
Motukauri Island
Te Korowhiti Rock
Te Waha Island
Motumaire Island
Taylor Island
Kaiaraara Island
Motuarahi Island
Toretore Island
Tikitiki Island (Ninepin Island)
Marriott Island
Motumareti Island
Moturoa Island
Black Rocks
Pirikawau Island
Wainui Island
Taranaki Island
Aroha Island
Motutapu Island
Tikorangi Island
Motupapa Island (Cocked Hat Island)
Rahui Island
Motuone Island
Hen and Chickens
Te Pahi Islands
Motuterahiki Island
Howe Rock
Motutui Island
Otuwhanga Island
Motukokako Island (Piercy Island)
Tiheru Island
Mahenotapuku (Bird Rock)
Kohangaatara Point
Motungarara Island

Minor Reefs and Rocks

The bay also includes several smaller geological features:

Battleship Rock
Paramena Reef
Te Nunuhe Rock (Whale Rock)
Dead Whale Reef
Hermione Rock
Micky Rocks
Oturori Rock
Shag Rock
Tiktiki Rock

External Resources

Travel & Information

Explore further resources for planning your visit or learning more about the Bay of Islands:

Wikivoyage Travel Guide
Wikimedia Commons Media
Bay of Islands Travel Guide
New Zealand Tourism - Bay of Islands

Authority Control

Databases

Information linked from external databases:

International: VIAF
National: Germany (GND), United States (LoC), Israel (NLI)
Other: Yale LUX

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References

A full list of references for this article are available at the Bay of Islands Wikipedia page

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Disclaimer

Important Notice

This page was generated by an Artificial Intelligence and is intended for informational and educational purposes only. The content is based on publicly available data and may not be entirely accurate, complete, or up-to-date.

This is not professional travel or geographical advice. The information provided on this website is not a substitute for professional consultation or planning. Always refer to official tourism resources and consult with travel professionals for specific trip details and requirements.

The creators of this page are not responsible for any errors or omissions, or for any actions taken based on the information provided herein.

Azure Horizons: The Bay of Islands

💡 Dive in with Flashcard Learning! 💡

Etymology 🗣️

M Māori Names

🇬 English Naming

Geography 🏝️

🌊 A Drowned Valley System

📍 Key Features and Settlements

🗺️ Location Overview

History 📜

🛶 Early Māori Settlement

⚓ European Arrival and Interaction

🚢 Exploration and Culture

The Cream Trip 🚤

🕰️ Historical Origins

🛥️ Modern Legacy

Islands and Rocks ⛰️

🏝️ Notable Islands

🪨 Minor Reefs and Rocks

External Resources 🔗

🌐 Travel & Information

Authority Control 🏛️

🗂️ Databases

Teacher's Corner 🧑‍🏫

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References

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📜 Important Notice

Dive in with Flashcard Learning!

Etymology

Māori Names

English Naming

Geography

A Drowned Valley System

Key Features and Settlements

Location Overview

History

Early Māori Settlement

European Arrival and Interaction

Exploration and Culture

The Cream Trip

Historical Origins

Modern Legacy

Islands and Rocks

Notable Islands

Minor Reefs and Rocks

External Resources

Travel & Information

Authority Control

Databases

Teacher's Corner

True or False?

Test Your Knowledge!

Gamer's Corner

Discover other topics to study!

References

Feedback & Support

Disclaimer

Important Notice