What were Benjamin Disraeli's primary political roles and affiliations?

Benjamin Disraeli was a British statesman and Conservative politician who served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He was instrumental in shaping the modern Conservative Party, defining its broad outreach and policies, and is associated with 'one-nation conservatism' or 'Tory democracy'.

What significant historical event is Benjamin Disraeli most closely associated with regarding the British Empire?

Disraeli made the Conservative Party strongly identified with the British Empire and the use of military action to expand it, a stance that proved popular with British voters.

What is unique about Benjamin Disraeli's background in relation to his political career?

Benjamin Disraeli is the only British prime minister to have been born Jewish. His father, Isaac D'Israeli, left Judaism after a dispute at his synagogue, and Benjamin was baptized into the Church of England at the age of 12.

When did Benjamin Disraeli first enter the House of Commons?

After several unsuccessful attempts, Benjamin Disraeli successfully entered the House of Commons in 1837.

What political event led to a significant split within the Conservative Party in 1846, and what was Disraeli's role?

In 1846, Prime Minister Robert Peel split the Conservative Party by proposing the repeal of the Corn Laws, which involved ending the tariff on imported grain. Disraeli clashed with Peel in the House of Commons over this issue, becoming a prominent figure in the party's opposition to repeal.

In which roles did Disraeli serve under Lord Derby's governments in the 1850s and 1860s?

When Lord Derby formed governments in the 1850s and 1860s, Disraeli served as Chancellor of the Exchequer and Leader of the House of Commons.

When did Disraeli first become Prime Minister, and what led to his departure from that office?

Disraeli first became prime minister in February 1868 upon Lord Derby's retirement. He briefly held the office before losing that year's general election.

How did Disraeli return to power as Prime Minister in 1874?

Disraeli returned to the Opposition benches after the 1868 election and subsequently led the Conservative Party to a majority in the 1874 general election, securing his second term as Prime Minister.

What title was bestowed upon Disraeli by Queen Victoria in 1876, and what was his relationship with her?

Queen Victoria, with whom Disraeli maintained a close friendship, elevated him to the peerage as Earl of Beaconsfield in 1876.

What was the 'Eastern question' that dominated Disraeli's second term as Prime Minister?

The 'Eastern question' referred to the gradual decline of the Ottoman Empire and the ambitions of other European powers, particularly Russia, to gain territory at its expense. Disraeli's government focused on managing this complex geopolitical situation.

What strategic acquisition did Disraeli's government make in Egypt in relation to the Eastern Question?

Disraeli arranged for the British government to purchase a significant stake in the Suez Canal Company, a move that enhanced Britain's strategic position and control over the vital waterway.

What diplomatic achievement did Disraeli accomplish at the Congress of Berlin in 1878?

In response to Russian victories against the Ottomans, Disraeli worked at the Congress of Berlin to secure peace in the Balkans on terms favorable to Britain and detrimental to Russia, establishing himself as a leading European statesman.

What factors contributed to the decline of Disraeli's government and the Conservative Party's loss in the 1880 general election?

Controversial wars in Afghanistan and South Africa, farmer dissatisfaction over the refusal to reinstate Corn Laws amidst poor harvests and cheap imports, and Gladstone's effective speaking campaign contributed to the Conservative defeat in the 1880 election.

What was Disraeli's literary output during his career?

Disraeli wrote novels throughout his career, starting in 1826. His last completed novel, 'Endymion,' was published shortly before his death at the age of 76.

Where was Benjamin Disraeli born, and what was his father's profession?

Benjamin Disraeli was born in Bloomsbury, Middlesex, England. His father was Isaac D'Israeli, a literary critic and historian.

What was the background of Disraeli's family, and how did his religious identity evolve?

Disraeli's family was of Sephardic Jewish mercantile background, with some Ashkenazi Jewish ancestors. His father, Isaac, renounced Judaism after a dispute, and Benjamin was baptized into the Church of England at age 12.

Why did Disraeli's father have his children baptized into the Church of England?

Isaac D'Israeli's friend, Sharon Turner, convinced him that remaining formally unattached to religion would be disadvantageous to the children. Consequently, Benjamin and his siblings were baptized into the Church of England in 1817.

What was the significance of Disraeli's baptism in relation to his political ambitions?

His baptism into the Church of England enabled Disraeli to pursue a career in politics, as MPs were required to take a Christian oath until the Jews Relief Act of 1858.

What was Disraeli's early career path after leaving school?

After leaving school, Disraeli was articled as a solicitor's clerk in the City of London. He later enrolled as a student at Lincoln's Inn with the aim of becoming a barrister, but ultimately pursued a literary career.

What financial setback did Disraeli experience in the 1820s, and how did it affect him?

Disraeli suffered significant financial losses due to the bursting of the South American mining stock bubble in 1825, which left him with substantial debts. This financial failure, coupled with personal criticism of his early novel 'Vivian Grey,' contributed to a serious nervous crisis affecting him for several years.

How did Disraeli's tour of southern Europe in 1830-1831 influence his perspective?

The tour enriched Disraeli's experiences, making him aware of values he felt were denied to his countrymen. It fostered his self-consciousness, moral relativism, and interest in Eastern attitudes, significantly conditioning his later views, particularly on the Eastern Question.

What was Disraeli's political alignment in the early 1830s, and how did it evolve?

In the early 1830s, Disraeli's political views were complex, embracing some Radical policies like electoral reform while also showing Tory leanings such as protectionism. He unsuccessfully contested elections as a Radical before eventually aligning himself with the Tory party.

What was the nature of Disraeli's public dispute with Daniel O'Connell, and what was its impact?

Daniel O'Connell attacked Disraeli, referring to him with derogatory terms related to his Jewish origin. Disraeli responded fiercely, leading to public exchanges that propelled him to national notice for the first time.

What key political publication did Disraeli write in 1835, and what philosophy did it encapsulate?

In 1835, Disraeli wrote 'The Vindication of the English Constitution,' published as an open letter to Lord Lyndhurst. This work encapsulated his political philosophy, valuing benevolent aristocratic government, disliking dogma, and advocating for the modernization of Tory policies.

How did Disraeli become a Member of Parliament for Maidstone in 1837?

Following the death of William IV and the succession of Queen Victoria, Parliament was dissolved. On the recommendation of the Carlton Club, Disraeli was adopted as a Tory parliamentary candidate for Maidstone and won a seat in the July 1837 general election.

What was the significance of Disraeli's maiden speech in Parliament in December 1837?

Disraeli made his maiden speech by sharply criticizing Daniel O'Connell, whom he had previously clashed with. However, he was initially shouted down by O'Connell's supporters, marking an unpromising start to his parliamentary career.

What were Disraeli's personal and financial circumstances when he married Mary Anne Lewis in 1839?

Disraeli married Mary Anne Lewis, the wealthy widow of his former parliamentary colleague Wyndham Lewis. She was twelve years his senior and had a substantial income, which helped Disraeli manage his debts, though their relationship developed into genuine affection.

How did Disraeli's stance on the Corn Laws impact the Conservative Party and his own career?

Disraeli's opposition to the repeal of the Corn Laws in 1846, in contrast to Prime Minister Robert Peel, led to a significant split in the Conservative Party. While Peel's supporters left, Disraeli became a key leader of the remaining protectionist faction, positioning him for future leadership roles.

What was the state of the Conservative Party's leadership after the Corn Laws repeal?

Following the split over the Corn Laws, almost every experienced Tory politician followed Peel, leaving the remaining party rump bereft of leadership. Disraeli, despite being relatively junior, emerged as one of the few figures capable of providing oratorical leadership.

What political crisis in 1847 highlighted Disraeli's differences with his own party regarding Jewish representation?

In 1847, Lionel de Rothschild was elected as an MP but could not take his seat due to the requirement to take a Christian oath. Disraeli spoke in favor of amending the oath to allow Jewish MPs, a stance that was poorly received by most of his own party, who voted against the measure.

How did Disraeli secure Hughenden Manor, and why was it important for his political ambitions?

Disraeli worked with the Bentinck family to secure financing for Hughenden Manor. Owning a country house and representing a county constituency were considered essential for a Conservative aspiring to leadership.

What was the nature of the Derby government in 1852, and how did Disraeli serve within it?

The Derby government in 1852 was a minority administration. Disraeli served as Leader of the House of Commons and Chancellor of the Exchequer, delivering a budget that aimed to benefit the working classes but was ultimately defeated in Parliament.

How did Disraeli handle the Civil Service reforms introduced by Gladstone in 1870?

Gladstone introduced competitive examinations for the Civil Service, diminishing political patronage. Disraeli, while not reversing the order, often frustrated its intent by making political appointments to positions that might have gone to career civil servants, rewarding his party's supporters.

What was Disraeli's approach to the Suez Canal in 1875, and why was it significant?

Disraeli's government purchased a controlling interest in the Suez Canal Company from the Khedive of Egypt. This strategic move was celebrated as a bold assertion of British power and secured a vital route for British trade and military movements to India.

What was the purpose of the Royal Titles Act introduced by Disraeli's government?

The Royal Titles Act, introduced at Queen Victoria's request, formally bestowed the title 'Empress of India' upon her. This reflected Britain's expanding imperial domain and Victoria's desire for a higher imperial rank.

What domestic reforms were enacted during Disraeli's second term as Prime Minister (1874-1880)?

Disraeli's government enacted significant social reforms, including the Artisans' and Labourers' Dwellings Improvement Act for housing, the Public Health Act for sanitation, the Sale of Food and Drugs Act, the Elementary Education Act, and acts to improve workers' rights and conditions, such as the Conspiracy, and Protection of Property Act and the Employers and Workmen Act.

How did Disraeli's government address the Eastern Question in the late 1870s, particularly concerning Bulgaria?

Following the Russo-Turkish War, Disraeli's government, through Lord Salisbury, worked at the Congress of Berlin to revise the Treaty of San Stefano. They aimed to prevent the creation of a large, Russian-influenced Bulgaria and secure British interests in the region, notably by acquiring Cyprus.

What military conflicts occurred during Disraeli's second premiership that impacted public opinion?

The Second Anglo-Afghan War and the Anglo-Zulu War occurred during Disraeli's second term. While the Afghan war had mixed results, the initial British defeat at the Battle of Isandlwana in the Zulu War caused significant public shock.

What was the 'Midlothian campaign,' and how did it relate to the 1880 general election?

The Midlothian campaign was a series of speeches delivered by William Ewart Gladstone across Britain in the late 1870s. This campaign, which attacked Disraeli's policies, is considered a significant factor in the Liberal victory in the 1880 general election.

What factors contributed to the Conservative Party's defeat in the 1880 general election?

The Conservative defeat was attributed to several factors, including poor harvests due to wet weather, low grain prices exacerbated by cheap imports, and the general economic slump. Disraeli's refusal to reinstate protectionist Corn Laws also alienated some agricultural voters.

What was Disraeli's final literary work, and when was it published?

Disraeli's final completed novel was 'Endymion,' which he resumed writing after leaving office in 1880 and was published in November 1880.

How did Disraeli's legacy influence the Conservative Party after his death?

In the years following Disraeli's death, the Conservative Party, under leaders like Lord Salisbury, emphasized his 'One Nation' views. They used his memory to appeal to the working classes, portraying the Conservatives as a party that understood and represented their interests.

What is considered the primary literary achievement of Benjamin Disraeli?

Disraeli's novels are considered his main literary achievement, though they have consistently divided critical opinion between their political and artistic merits.

What were the key themes in Disraeli's political novels of the 1840s?

In the 1840s, Disraeli wrote a trilogy of political novels: 'Coningsby' (criticizing the 1832 Reform Bill and Conservative inaction), 'Sybil' (addressing Peel's betrayal over the Corn Laws and the gap between rich and poor), and 'Tancred' (promoting the Church of England's role in national spirituality).

How did Disraeli's Jewishness play a role in his public persona and political career?

Disraeli utilized his Jewish ancestry, which he sometimes romanticized, to claim an aristocratic heritage and to explain his perceived setbacks. He also presented his Jewishness as a way to understand England's challenges and offer national solutions, linking it to English Toryism's 'prototype'.

What impact did Disraeli's popular culture portrayals have?

Disraeli became a popular film hero, notably portrayed by George Arliss, who won an Oscar for his performance. These portrayals often emphasized his paternalistic and kindly statesmanship, appealing to audiences and reinforcing establishment values.

What were the main components of Disraeli's coat of arms?

Disraeli's coat of arms featured a crest of an oak wreath with a castle, an escutcheon with a castle, lions, and an eagle, and supporters of an eagle and a lion, all bearing the motto 'Forti Nihili Difficile'.

What was the significance of Disraeli's famous quote, 'I have climbed to the top of the greasy pole'?

Disraeli uttered this phrase upon becoming Prime Minister for the first time in 1868, reflecting on his challenging journey from humble origins to the highest political office.

How did Disraeli's relationship with Queen Victoria evolve over time?

Initially curious about Disraeli, Victoria grew to dislike him after his opposition to Peel. However, her dislike softened over time as Disraeli cultivated her favor, building a strong relationship that was likely closer than with most of her prime ministers.

What was the 'Tory Democrat' concept associated with Disraeli?

The 'Tory Democrat' concept, often linked to Disraeli, suggested that the British working class would instinctively support the Conservative Party if given the vote. This idea underpinned his approach to the Reform Act of 1867.

What was the impact of the Reform Act of 1867, which Disraeli steered through Parliament?

The Reform Act of 1867 significantly expanded the franchise, granting the vote to approximately 938,427 more men, primarily householders and lodgers. It also reformed constituency boundaries by eliminating rotten boroughs and granting representation to new towns.

Disraeli: The Architect of Victorian Statesmanship

An exploration of Benjamin Disraeli's transformative career, covering his early life, parliamentary journey, premierships, domestic and foreign policies, and lasting legacy in British politics.

Overview 👇 His Terms 🏛️

Dive in with Flashcard Learning!

When you are ready...
🎮 Play the Wiki2Web Clarity Challenge Game🎮

The Right Honourable The Earl of Beaconsfield KG PC DL JP FRS
👤 Portrait of Benjamin Disraeli, 1878
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
In office 20 February 1874 – 21 April 1880
Monarch	Victoria
Preceded by	William Ewart Gladstone
Succeeded by	William Ewart Gladstone
In office 27 February 1868 – 1 December 1868
Monarch	Victoria
Preceded by	The Earl of Derby
Succeeded by	William Ewart Gladstone
Leader of the Opposition
In office 21 April 1880 – 19 April 1881
Monarch	Victoria
Prime Minister	William Ewart Gladstone
Preceded by	Marquess of Hartington
Succeeded by	The Marquess of Salisbury
Chancellor of the Exchequer
In office 6 July 1866 – 29 February 1868
Prime Minister	The Earl of Derby
Preceded by	William Ewart Gladstone
Succeeded by	George Ward Hunt
In office 26 February 1858 – 11 June 1859
Prime Minister	The Earl of Derby
Preceded by	Sir George Cornewall Lewis
Succeeded by	William Ewart Gladstone
In office 27 February 1852 – 17 December 1852
Prime Minister	The Earl of Derby
Preceded by	Sir Charles Wood, 3rd Baronet
Succeeded by	William Ewart Gladstone
Personal Details
Born	Benjamin D'Israeli (1804-12-21)21 December 1804 Bloomsbury, Middlesex, England
Died	19 April 1881 (aged 76) Mayfair, London, England
Political Party	Conservative
Other Affiliations	Young England (1840s)
Spouse	Mary Anne Evans (m. 1839; died 1872)
Parents	Isaac D'Israeli Maria Basevi
Signature	✍️
Writing Career
Notable Works	List Vivian Grey Popanilla The Young Duke Contarini Fleming Ixion in Heaven The Wondrous Tale of Alroy The Rise of Iskander The Infernal Marriage Henrietta Temple Venetia Coningsby Sybil Tancred Lothair Endymion

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1868; 1874–1880)

Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield (21 December 1804 – 19 April 1881) was a preeminent British statesman, a distinguished Conservative politician, and a prolific author. He twice held the office of Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, profoundly shaping the modern Conservative Party by defining its policies and broadening its appeal. Disraeli's tenure was marked by his influential role in international affairs, his celebrated political rivalry with the Liberal leader William Ewart Gladstone, and his espousal of "one-nation conservatism" or "Tory democracy." He cemented the Conservatives' association with the British Empire and its expansionist policies, which resonated strongly with the electorate. Notably, he remains the only British prime minister to have been born Jewish.

Born in Bloomsbury, London, on 21 December 1804, Benjamin Disraeli was the second child of Isaac D'Israeli, a literary critic, and Maria Basevi. His family was of Sephardic Jewish mercantile background. Following a dispute with the synagogue, his father renounced Judaism, and Benjamin was baptized into the Church of England at the age of 12, a conversion that opened the door to a political career. Despite early setbacks and a period in legal articles, Disraeli's ambition led him to literature and then politics. His early parliamentary career was characterized by his sharp intellect and distinctive style, often clashing with established figures. He rose through the ranks, serving as Chancellor of the Exchequer and Leader of the House of Commons under Lord Derby, before ascending to the premiership.

A Statesman's Overview

Prime Ministerial Tenure

Disraeli served as Prime Minister twice: first for a brief period in 1868, and then more substantially from 1874 to 1880. His second term was particularly significant, marked by major legislative achievements and assertive foreign policy.

Literary Acumen

Throughout his political career, Disraeli was also a successful novelist. His works, such as Coningsby and Sybil, often explored political and social themes, offering insights into his evolving ideology and providing him with both income and public recognition.

Political Philosophy

A key architect of "one-nation conservatism," Disraeli advocated for social reforms aimed at bridging the gap between the aristocracy and the working classes. He believed in a paternalistic role for the state and the Conservative Party in improving the lives of the less fortunate.

Formative Years

Birth and Heritage

Education and Early Career

Disraeli received a classical education, though he later expressed regret over not attending Winchester College. After a brief stint as an articled clerk to a solicitor, he pursued a literary career, publishing his first novel, Vivian Grey, in 1826. His early ventures into finance and journalism were marked by both success and significant financial difficulties.

Disraeli's early career was diverse and ambitious. He engaged in speculative stock market dealings, which led to substantial debt. His literary pursuits included several novels that explored aristocratic life and political themes. He also attempted to influence public opinion through pamphlets and journalism, notably with the newspaper The Representative, though these ventures often proved financially precarious and controversial.

Entry into Parliament

Disraeli's political aspirations solidified in the 1830s. After several unsuccessful attempts, he entered the House of Commons in 1837 as a Conservative MP for Maidstone. His maiden speech was met with hostility, but he persevered, gradually establishing himself as a formidable debater and a key figure within the party.

Navigating Parliament

Opposition and Leadership

Disraeli's parliamentary career was defined by his sharp critiques of opponents, particularly William Ewart Gladstone. He played a crucial role in the Conservative Party's realignment after the repeal of the Corn Laws, becoming a leading voice for the protectionist faction and eventually the party's leader in the Commons.

The Reform Act of 1867

A pivotal moment in Disraeli's career was his skillful management of the Reform Act 1867. By introducing a progressive reform bill, he outmaneuvered the Liberals and secured the passage of legislation that significantly expanded the franchise, demonstrating his mastery of parliamentary strategy.

The Reform Act of 1867 dramatically altered the British political landscape. It extended suffrage to a significant portion of the urban working class by granting the vote to male householders and lodgers meeting certain rental qualifications. The act also redistributed parliamentary seats, abolishing many small "rotten boroughs" and granting representation to newly industrialized towns.

Political Evolution

Disraeli's political stance evolved over time, moving from radical sympathies to a more defined Tory position. His concept of "Tory democracy" emphasized the importance of social reform and the role of the aristocracy in protecting the interests of the working classes, a philosophy that guided his party's direction.

Ascent to Premiership

First Term (1868)

Disraeli's first premiership was brief, lasting from February to December 1868. He succeeded Lord Derby and faced immediate challenges, notably the debate over the disestablishment of the Church of Ireland. Despite passing several minor reforms, his government was short-lived, ending with a Liberal victory in the general election.

Second Term (1874-1880)

His second term, from 1874 to 1880, was far more impactful. Garnering a significant majority in the 1874 general election, Disraeli's government enacted substantial domestic reforms and pursued an assertive foreign policy, solidifying Britain's imperial standing.

Disraeli's second government prioritized social welfare, enacting legislation to improve public health and housing. Acts like the Artisans' and Labourers' Dwellings Improvement Act provided funding for working-class housing, reflecting his "one-nation" philosophy. Key legislation enhanced worker rights and safety, such as the Employers and Workmen Act and the Conspiracy, and Protection of Property Act, which legalized peaceful picketing.

Relationship with Victoria

Disraeli cultivated a close and effective relationship with Queen Victoria, earning her trust and admiration. His respectful and attentive approach, coupled with his political successes, led to his ennoblement as Earl of Beaconsfield in 1876, a testament to his elevated status in the Victorian era.

Domestic Policy Initiatives

Social Reforms

Disraeli's government prioritized social welfare, enacting legislation to improve public health and housing. Acts like the Artisans' and Labourers' Dwellings Improvement Act provided funding for working-class housing, reflecting his "one-nation" philosophy.

Worker Protections

Key legislation enhanced worker rights and safety. The Employers and Workmen Act placed employers and employees on a more equal legal footing, while the Conspiracy, and Protection of Property Act legalized peaceful picketing, supporting trade union activities.

Consumer Protection

The Sale of Food and Drugs Act 1875 aimed to ensure the quality and safety of consumer goods, prohibiting adulteration and establishing standards for food and drugs, demonstrating a commitment to public well-being.

Imperial Ambitions & Foreign Policy

The Suez Canal

A defining moment of Disraeli's premiership was the strategic purchase of Khedive Ismail Pasha's shares in the Suez Canal in 1875. This bold move secured Britain's vital trade route to India and underscored his commitment to expanding and protecting the British Empire.

The Congress of Berlin

Disraeli played a crucial role at the Congress of Berlin in 1878, skillfully negotiating peace in the Balkans following the Russo-Turkish War. His diplomatic efforts secured terms favorable to Britain, enhancing his reputation as a leading European statesman and earning him the moniker "Peace with Honour."

At the Congress of Berlin, Disraeli, alongside Lord Salisbury, worked to revise the Treaty of San Stefano, which had created a large, Russian-influenced Bulgaria. Disraeli's primary objective was to prevent Russian dominance in the region and maintain the integrity of the Ottoman Empire. The agreement secured British interests, including the acquisition of Cyprus, and was hailed as a major diplomatic triumph.

Imperial Conflicts

Disraeli's foreign policy also involved military engagements, notably the Second Anglo-Afghan War and the Anglo-Zulu War. While these conflicts aimed to secure British imperial interests, they also proved costly and controversial, contributing to a decline in public support.

Enduring Legacy

Shaping Modern Conservatism

Disraeli is credited with modernizing the Conservative Party, transforming it into a national force that embraced social reform and imperialism. His "one-nation" vision sought to unite disparate classes under a common banner of national identity and imperial purpose.

Oratorical Prowess

Renowned for his wit and eloquence, Disraeli was one of the most captivating speakers of his era. His speeches often blended political analysis with literary flair, influencing public opinion and parliamentary debate.

Literary Influence

His novels provided a unique lens through which to view Victorian society and politics. Works like Coningsby and Sybil explored themes of class, social reform, and national identity, influencing political discourse and literary circles.

The Author's Craft

Early Novels

Disraeli began his literary career in the 1820s with novels like Vivian Grey and The Young Duke. These works, often semi-autobiographical, explored aristocratic society and contained sharp social commentary, though they also led to controversy and financial strain.

Political Novels

Later novels, such as Coningsby (1844), Sybil (1845), and Tancred (1847), delved deeper into political and social issues. They articulated his vision for Tory democracy and the role of the aristocracy in addressing the "condition of England" question.

Disraeli's political novels championed ideas such as the alliance between the landed aristocracy and the working class, the importance of national institutions, and the need for social reform to mitigate the effects of industrialization. They offered a vision for a revitalized Conservatism.

Later Works

His later novels, including Lothair (1870) and Endymion (1880), continued to engage with contemporary political and social themes, reflecting his experiences and observations throughout his long career.

Study Aids

Flashcards

Engage with key terms and concepts related to Benjamin Disraeli's life and career through interactive flashcards. Test your knowledge and reinforce your understanding.

References

Explore the sources that informed this overview. Detailed citations are available to provide further context and support for the information presented.

Teacher's Corner

Edit and Print this course in the Wiki2Web Teacher Studio

Edit and Print Materials from this study in the wiki2web studio

Click here to open the "Benjamin Disraeli" Wiki2Web Studio curriculum kit

Use the free Wiki2web Studio to generate printable flashcards, worksheets, exams, and export your materials as a web page or an interactive game.

True or False?

Test Your Knowledge!

Gamer's Corner

Are you ready for the Wiki2Web Clarity Challenge?

Learn about benjamin_disraeli while playing the wiki2web Clarity Challenge game.

Unlock the mystery image and prove your knowledge by earning trophies. This simple game is addictively fun and is a great way to learn!

Play now

Explore More Topics

Discover other topics to study!

claretians

kami

edict of milan

traffic separation scheme

human digestive system

References

After Meredith's death, Sarah Disraeli never married. She devoted the rest of her life to her family.[52]

Of the 26 Anglican bishops and archbishops who sat in the House of Lords, 23 voted on the measure and 17 were opposed.

Pierpoint, Robert. "Kingsway" Notes and Queries, 26 August 1916, p. 170

"The Elections", The Observer, 3 May 1835, p. 4

W.A. Speck, "Robert Southey, Benjamin Disraeli and Young England." History 95.318 (2010): 194–206.

Maurice Cowling, 1867 Disraeli, Gladstone and Revolution: The Passing of the Second Reform Bill (Cambridge UP, 2005).

Conservative social and industrial reform: A record of Conservative legislation between 1800 and 1974 by Charles E, Bellairs, p. 16

Conservative social and industrial reform: A record of Conservative legislation between 1800 and 1974 by Charles E, Bellairs, p. 17

Conservative social and industrial reform: A record of Conservative legislation between 1800 and 1974 by Charles E, Bellairs, p. 18

Geoffrey Hicks, "Disraeli, Derby and the Suez Canal, 1875: some myths reassessed." History 97.326 (2012): 182–203.

O'Kell, Robert. "Disraeli's Novels Reviewed, 1826â1968, by R. W. Stewart", Nineteenth-Century Fiction, June 1976, pp. 84â85

"Benjamin Disraeli 1804â1881", Nineteenth-Century Literary Criticism, eNotes, accessed 25 August 2013

Richard Shannon, The Age of Disraeli, 1868-1881: The Rise of Tory Democracy (1992) pp. 199–210

Roland Quinault, "The Great Rivalry", History Today (November 2013) 63.11, p. 61

Andrzej Diniejko, "Benjamin Disraeli and the Jewish Question in Victorian England" The Victorian Web (2020) online

Todd M. Endelman, The Jews of Britain, 1656 to 2000 (University of California Press, 2002) p 6.

Michael Ragussis, Figures of Conversion. The "Jewish Question" and English National Identity (1995) p. 175.

See also Anthony S. Wohl, "'Ben JuJu': Representations of Disraeli's Jewishness in the Victorian political cartoon." Jewish history 10.2 (1996): 89â134

Michael Diamond, "Political Heroes of the Victorian Music Hall", History Today 40 (1990): 33â39

Steven Fielding, "British Politics and Cinema's Historical Dramas, 1929â1938", Historical Journal 56.2 (2013): 487â511, quotes on pp. 488 and 509â510

A full list of references for this article are available at the Benjamin Disraeli Wikipedia page

Feedback & Support

To report an issue with this page, or to find out ways to support the mission, please click here.

Disclaimer

Important Notice

This page was generated by an Artificial Intelligence and is intended for informational and educational purposes only. The content is based on a snapshot of publicly available data from Wikipedia and may not be entirely accurate, complete, or up-to-date.

This is not professional political or historical advice. The information provided on this website is not a substitute for professional consultation or in-depth academic research. Always refer to primary sources and consult with qualified historians or political scientists for specific analyses or interpretations.

The creators of this page are not responsible for any errors or omissions, or for any actions taken based on the information provided herein.

Disraeli: The Architect of Victorian Statesmanship

💡 Dive in with Flashcard Learning! 💡

A Statesman's Overview 🏛️

👑 Prime Ministerial Tenure

✍️ Literary Acumen

🤝 Political Philosophy

Formative Years 🌱

👶 Birth and Heritage

📚 Education and Early Career

🗣️ Entry into Parliament

Navigating Parliament ⚖️

⚔️ Opposition and Leadership

📜 The Reform Act of 1867

💡 Political Evolution

Ascent to Premiership ⭐

1️⃣ First Term (1868)

2️⃣ Second Term (1874-1880)

👑 Relationship with Victoria

Domestic Policy Initiatives 📜

🏠 Social Reforms

⚖️ Worker Protections

🍎 Consumer Protection

Imperial Ambitions & Foreign Policy 🌍

🚢 The Suez Canal

🕊️ The Congress of Berlin

⚔️ Imperial Conflicts

Enduring Legacy 🌟

🏛️ Shaping Modern Conservatism

🗣️ Oratorical Prowess

📖 Literary Influence

The Author's Craft ✍️

📚 Early Novels

📖 Political Novels

🌟 Later Works

Study Aids 💡

🃏 Flashcards

📚 References

Teacher's Corner 🧑‍🏫

Edit and Print this course in the Wiki2Web Teacher Studio

True or False? 🤔

❓ Test Your Knowledge! ❓

Gamer's Corner 🎮

Are you ready for the Wiki2Web Clarity Challenge?

Explore More Topics

📜 Discover other topics to study!

References

📜 References

Feedback & Support 👍

To report an issue with this page, or to find out ways to support the mission, please click here.

Disclaimer ⚠️

📜 Important Notice

Dive in with Flashcard Learning!

A Statesman's Overview

Prime Ministerial Tenure

Literary Acumen

Political Philosophy

Formative Years

Birth and Heritage

Education and Early Career

Entry into Parliament

Navigating Parliament

Opposition and Leadership

The Reform Act of 1867

Political Evolution

Ascent to Premiership

First Term (1868)

Second Term (1874-1880)

Relationship with Victoria

Domestic Policy Initiatives

Social Reforms

Worker Protections

Consumer Protection

Imperial Ambitions & Foreign Policy

The Suez Canal

The Congress of Berlin

Imperial Conflicts

Enduring Legacy

Shaping Modern Conservatism

Oratorical Prowess

Literary Influence

The Author's Craft

Early Novels

Political Novels

Later Works

Study Aids

Flashcards

References

Teacher's Corner

True or False?

Test Your Knowledge!

Gamer's Corner

Discover other topics to study!

References

Feedback & Support

Disclaimer

Important Notice