What is the close-mid front unrounded vowel?

The close-mid front unrounded vowel is a type of vowel sound found in some spoken languages. It is characterized by the tongue being positioned halfway between a close vowel (high vowel) and a mid vowel, with the tongue positioned forward in the mouth without creating a consonant constriction, and the lips not rounded.

What symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents the close-mid front unrounded vowel?

The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents the close-mid front unrounded vowel is 'e'.

What is the IPA number assigned to the close-mid front unrounded vowel?

The IPA number assigned to the close-mid front unrounded vowel is 302.

What is the X-SAMPA representation for the close-mid front unrounded vowel?

The X-SAMPA representation for the close-mid front unrounded vowel is 'e'.

How is the close-mid front unrounded vowel represented in Braille?

The close-mid front unrounded vowel is represented in Braille by a pattern of dots 1 and 5.

What is the Unicode hexadecimal value for the IPA symbol 'e' representing this vowel?

The Unicode hexadecimal value for the IPA symbol 'e' is U+0065.

What is the decimal entity representation for the IPA symbol 'e'?

The decimal entity representation for the IPA symbol 'e' is e.

How is the vowel height of the close-mid front unrounded vowel described?

The vowel height of the close-mid front unrounded vowel is described as "close-mid," which is also known as high-mid. This means the tongue is positioned halfway between the positions for a close vowel (high vowel) and a mid vowel.

What is the characteristic vowel backness of the close-mid front unrounded vowel?

The vowel backness of the close-mid front unrounded vowel is "front," indicating that the tongue is positioned forward in the mouth.

What does it mean for a vowel to be unrounded?

For a vowel to be unrounded means that the lips are not rounded during its pronunciation. The close-mid front unrounded vowel specifically involves unrounded lips.

In Afrikaans, how is the close-mid front unrounded vowel typically realized, and what variations exist?

In Afrikaans, the sound typically transcribed as /e/ can vary in height between close-mid [e] and mid [ɛ]. It is often transcribed in IPA as /ɛ/, but can also be realized as [e].

What is the significance of the word "imalah" in relation to the close-mid front unrounded vowel in Arabic?

The text mentions "imalah" in the context of Arabic, suggesting a connection to vowel pronunciation. The example provided for Arabic, "majreha," is transcribed with the close-mid front unrounded vowel [e].

Provide an example of a word in Azerbaijani that features the close-mid front unrounded vowel.

In Azerbaijani, the word "gecə" (meaning 'night') contains the close-mid front unrounded vowel, transcribed as [e].

What is an example of a word in Breton that uses the close-mid front unrounded vowel?

The Breton word "eget," meaning 'than,' is an example that uses the close-mid front unrounded vowel, transcribed as [e].

How is the close-mid front unrounded vowel represented in Catalan, and what is an example word?

In Catalan, the close-mid front unrounded vowel is represented by the letter 'é'. An example word is "séc," meaning 'fold.'

Describe the realization of the close-mid front unrounded vowel in Shanghainese Chinese and its relationship to another vowel.

In Shanghainese Chinese, the vowel represented by 'e' in the word "該" (kè) is realized as [e] and is described as near-front. It is phonetically nearly identical to /i/ ([ɪ]) which appears only in closed syllables, whereas [e] appears only in open syllables.

How is the close-mid front unrounded vowel typically transcribed in Danish IPA, and what is an example word?

In Danish, the vowel in the word "hæl" (meaning 'heel') is typically transcribed in IPA as [eː] or [e]. The text notes it's often transcribed as /ɛː/, but can be realized as [eː] or [e].

What is the difference in the realization of the close-mid front unrounded vowel between Belgian and Netherlands Dutch?

In Belgian Dutch, the vowel in words like "vreemd" ('strange') can be realized as a close-mid front unrounded vowel [eː]. In contrast, speakers in the Netherlands often diphthongize this sound to [eɪ].

How does the height of the close-mid front unrounded vowel vary in Australian English?

In Australian English, the vowel in words like "bed" is typically transcribed as [e] or [eː]. The height can vary, being closer to a near-close vowel in broader varieties and closer to a mid vowel in the cultivated variety.

What is the common realization of the vowel represented by 'ay' in General American English?

In General American English, the vowel represented by the spelling 'ay' in words like "may" is most often realized as a closing diphthong [eɪ].

How is the vowel represented by 'ay' realized in General Indian English?

In General Indian English, the vowel represented by 'ay' in words like "may" is realized closer to [eɪ].

What is a common variation for the vowel represented by 'ay' in General Pakistani English?

In General Pakistani English, the vowel represented by 'ay' in words like "may" can be a diphthong [eɪ], depending on the speaker.

What is the IPA transcription for the Scottish English word "bit," and what are the potential variations?

In Scottish English, the vowel in "bit" is transcribed as [bɪ̈t] or [bɘ̈t], with variations including [ɪ] or [ə] for other speakers. This sound is a near-front vowel.

How is the vowel in "bird" realized in Cockney English, and what are its potential variations?

In Cockney English, the vowel in "bird" can be realized as [bɜːd], with variations including a near-front vowel [bɘ̈d] or a central vowel [bɜːd]. It can also be rounded or unrounded central.

Provide an example of a word in Estonian that uses the close-mid front unrounded vowel.

In Estonian, the word "keha" (meaning 'body') contains the close-mid front unrounded vowel, transcribed as [e].

What is an example of a word in French that contains the close-mid front unrounded vowel?

The French word "beauté" (meaning 'beauty') contains the close-mid front unrounded vowel, transcribed as [e].

What is the IPA transcription for the Standard German word "Seele," and what does it mean?

The Standard German word "Seele," meaning 'soul,' is transcribed in IPA as [ˈzeːlə].

How is the vowel in the German word "Bett" realized in Southern German accents?

In Southern German accents, the vowel in "Bett" (meaning 'bed') is commonly realized as [ɛ], which is an open-mid front unrounded vowel, contrasting with the close-mid [e] in some other dialects.

What is the relationship between the close-mid front unrounded vowel and the open-mid front unrounded vowel in Swabian German?

In the Swabian German accent, the close-mid front unrounded vowel contrasts with the open-mid front unrounded vowel.

What is the relationship between the Sfakian Greek vowel and the Modern Standard Greek vowel?

In Sfakian Greek, the vowel corresponding to the close-mid front unrounded vowel in Modern Standard Greek is described as mid [e̞], rather than strictly close-mid.

How are Hebrew vowels typically represented, and what is an example word for the close-mid front unrounded vowel?

Hebrew vowels are not typically shown in the script and are represented by diacritics called niqqud. The word "ken" (meaning 'yes') is given as an example, transcribed as [ken].

Provide an example word for the close-mid front unrounded vowel in Hindi and Urdu.

In Hindi, the word "ek" (meaning 'one') is transcribed as [ek]. In Urdu, the word "ke" (meaning 'of') is also transcribed as [ke].

How is the vowel in the Hungarian word "hét" described in Hungarian phonology?

In Hungarian, the vowel in "hét" (meaning 'seven') is described as close-mid [eː], and also as mid [e̞ː].

What is an example of a word in Italian that uses the close-mid front unrounded vowel?

The Italian word "stelle" (meaning 'stars') contains the close-mid front unrounded vowel, transcribed as [ɛ].

What is an example of a word in Khmer that uses the close-mid front unrounded vowel?

The Khmer word "turen" (meaning 'durian') is provided as an example containing the close-mid front unrounded vowel, transcribed as [e].

What is an example of a word in Korean that uses the close-mid front unrounded vowel?

The Korean word "meari" (meaning 'echo') is given as an example, transcribed as [me̞ʌri].

What is the IPA transcription for the Limburgish word "leef"?

The Limburgish word "leef" (meaning 'dear') is transcribed as [leːf] in the Maastrichtian dialect.

What is an example word in Lithuanian for the close-mid front unrounded vowel, and what is its meaning?

The Lithuanian word "tėtė" (meaning 'father') uses the close-mid front unrounded vowel, transcribed as [tʲeːtʲeː].

In Malay, what is the allophonic realization of /i/ in closed-final syllables?

In Malay, /i/ in closed-final syllables can be realized as an allophone of the close-mid front unrounded vowel, transcribed as [e], or sometimes as [ɪ] or [e̞].

What is an example of a word in Malayalam that uses the close-mid front unrounded vowel?

The Malayalam word "cevi" (meaning 'ear') is provided as an example, transcribed as [t͡ʃe̞ʋi].

What is an example of a word in Marathi that uses the close-mid front unrounded vowel?

The Marathi word "ek" (meaning 'one') is given as an example, transcribed as [eːk].

What is the IPA transcription for the Norwegian word "le," and from which dialect is it cited?

The Norwegian word "le" (meaning 'laugh') is transcribed as [leː] and is cited from Urban East Norwegian.

What is an example of a word in Mpade that uses the close-mid front unrounded vowel?

The Mpade word "faɛ" (meaning 'night') is an example containing the close-mid front unrounded vowel, transcribed as [faɛ].

What is an example of a word in Persian that uses the close-mid front unrounded vowel?

The Persian word "se" (meaning 'three') is given as an example, transcribed as [se].

What is the IPA transcription for the Polish word "dzień," and what is its meaning?

The Polish word "dzień," meaning 'day,' is transcribed as [d͡ʑɛɲ] or [d͡ʑɛj̃]. The text notes that [ɛ] is an allophone of /ɛ/ between palatal or palatalized consonants.

What is an example of a word in Portuguese that uses the close-mid front unrounded vowel?

The Portuguese word "mesa" (meaning 'table') is provided as an example, transcribed as [mezɐ].

What is an example of a word in Romanian that uses the close-mid front unrounded vowel?

The Romanian word "umple" (meaning 'to fill') is given as an example, transcribed as [umple].

How is the vowel in the Russian word "шея" realized, and what is its context?

In Russian, the vowel in "шея" (meaning 'neck') is realized as [e] before and between soft consonants, and as [e̞] after soft consonants.

How is the vowel in the Saterland Frisian word "tään" described, and what is its phonetic similarity to another vowel?

In Saterland Frisian, the vowel in "tään" (meaning 'thin') is described as near-front and typically transcribed as /ɛː/. Phonetically, it is nearly identical to /i/ ([ɪ]), and the vowel usually transcribed as /eː/ is actually near-close [e̞ː].

What is an example of a word in Slovene that uses the close-mid front unrounded vowel?

The Slovene word "sedem" (meaning 'seven') is provided as an example, transcribed as [ˈsedɛm].

How does the Sotho language contrast different front unrounded vowels?

The Sotho language contrasts close, near-close, and close-mid front unrounded vowels.

Close-mid Front Unrounded Vowel Wiki: Phonetic Insights: The 'e' Vowel Unveiled

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Introducing the Close-Mid Front Unrounded Vowel

Defining the Sound

The close-mid front unrounded vowel, also referred to as the high-mid front unrounded vowel, is a specific type of vowel sound utilized in various spoken languages. Its representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is the symbol e.

It is important to distinguish this sound from the near-close front unrounded vowel, which is often transcribed with i or ɪ. This guide focuses specifically on the vowel represented by the IPA symbol e.

Key Phonetic Features

Vowel Height: Close-Mid

This classification indicates that the tongue is positioned halfway between that of a close vowel (high tongue position) and a mid vowel. It represents a relatively high, but not the highest, position in the mouth.

Vowel Backness: Front

The tongue is positioned forward in the mouth. Crucially, this positioning does not create a constriction significant enough to be classified as a consonant sound.

Roundedness: Unrounded

The lips are held in a neutral, relaxed position. They are not protruded or rounded, which is a key differentiator from other front vowels like [y] or [ø].

Global Occurrence

Languages Featuring [e]

The close-mid front unrounded vowel [e] is a common sound found across numerous languages worldwide. Its precise phonetic realization can vary slightly depending on the surrounding sounds and the specific dialect.

Language	Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
Afrikaans	bed	[bet]	'bed'	Height varies; often transcribed as [ɛ].
Arabic	مجريها (majreha)	[mad͡ʒreha]		Part of the 'imalah' phenomenon.
Azerbaijani	gecə	[get͡ʃ\u0259]	'night'
Breton	eget	[e\u02c8\u0261et]	'than'
Catalan	sec	[s\u0259k]	'dry'
Chinese (Shanghainese)	该 (k\u00e8)	[ke\u0320\u0294\u0259]	'should'	Near-front; contrasts with [i] in closed syllables.
Danish	hæl	[h\u025b\u02d0\u02c0l]	'heel'	Often transcribed as [ɛ:].
Dutch (Belgian)	vreemd	[vre\u02d0mt]	'strange'	Often diphthongized to [eɪ] in Netherlands Dutch.
English (General American)	may	[me\u02d0]	'may'	Typically a diphthong [eɪ].
English (Australian)	bed	[bed]	'bed'	Height varies.
German (Standard)	Seele	[z\u02c8ze\u02d0l\u0259]	'soul'
Hindi	के (ke)	[ke\u02d0]	'of'
Hungarian	hét	[he\u02d0t\u032a]	'seven'	Also described as mid [e\u031e].
Italian	stelle	[s\u032at\u032aelle]	'stars'
Polish	dzień	[d͡ʒe\u0272\u031f]	'day'	Allophone of /ɛ/ between palatalized consonants.
Portuguese	mesa	[mez\u0250]	'table'
Russian	шея	[ʃ\u02c8ej\u0259]	'neck'	Close-mid [e] before soft consonants.
Swedish	se	[s\u032ae\u02d0]	'see'	Often diphthongized to [e\u0259].
Ukrainian	ефірний	[e\u02c8firn\u026aj]	'ethereal'
Welsh	chwech	[χwe\u02d0χ]	'six'

Standardized Representations

IPA and Beyond

The close-mid front unrounded vowel has several standardized representations for linguistic and computational purposes:

IPA Number: 302
IPA Symbol: e
Unicode: U+0065
X-SAMPA: e

Braille Representation

In the context of the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) Braille system, the close-mid front unrounded vowel is represented by a specific braille pattern:

The pattern corresponds to dots 1 and 5. This ensures accessibility for visually impaired individuals familiar with Braille.

IPA Vowel Chart Context

Locating [e]

The IPA vowel chart visually organizes vowel sounds based on tongue position. The close-mid front unrounded vowel [e] is situated in the upper-left quadrant, signifying its close-mid height and front tongue position, with unrounded lips.

IPA Vowels

	Front	Central	Back
Close	i y	ɨ ʉ	ɯ u
Near-close	ɪ ʏ		ʊ
Close-mid	e ø	ɘ ɵ	ɤ o
Mid	e̞ ø̞	ə	ɤ̞ o̞
Open-mid	ɛ œ	ɜ ɞ	ʌ ɔ
Near-open	æ	ɐ
Open	a ɶ	ä	ɑ ɒ

IPA help
🔊 audio
full chart
template

Legend: unrounded • rounded

Related Phonetic Concepts

Further Exploration

Understanding the close-mid front unrounded vowel often involves exploring related phonetic concepts:

Index of phonetics articles
General Vowel Classification
International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)
Close-mid Vowel Characteristics
Front Vowel Articulation

Important Notes

Clarifications

While the International Phonetic Association uses "close" and "open" for vowel height, "high" and "low" are also common linguistic terms.
The precise phonetic realization of [e] can vary, sometimes bordering on near-close or mid height depending on the language and context.
IPA symbols and their pronunciations can differ slightly across various transcription conventions and regional dialects.

References

Source Materials

The information presented here is derived from established phonetic and linguistic research.

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References

Wissing (2016), section "The unrounded mid-front vowel /É/".

TraunmÃ¼ller (1982), cited in Ladefoged & Maddieson (1996:290)

Dudenredaktion, Kleiner & KnÃ¶bl (2015), p. 34.

Dudenredaktion, Kleiner & KnÃ¶bl (2015), pp. 64â65.

Dudenredaktion, Kleiner & KnÃ¶bl (2015), p. 64.

Å uÅ¡tarÅ¡iÄ, Komar & Petek (1999), p. 137.

A full list of references for this article are available at the Close-mid front unrounded vowel Wikipedia page

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Important Notice

This page was generated by an Artificial Intelligence and is intended for informational and educational purposes only. The content is based on a snapshot of publicly available data from Wikipedia and may not be entirely accurate, complete, or up-to-date.

This is not linguistic or phonetic advice. The information provided on this website is not a substitute for professional linguistic analysis or consultation. Always refer to authoritative linguistic resources and consult with qualified phoneticians or linguists for specific applications or detailed analysis.

The creators of this page are not responsible for any errors or omissions, or for any actions taken based on the information provided herein.

The 'e' Vowel Unveiled

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Introducing the Close-Mid Front Unrounded Vowel ℹ️

🔊 Defining the Sound

Key Phonetic Features ⚙️

⬆️ Vowel Height: Close-Mid

➡️ Vowel Backness: Front

⚪ Roundedness: Unrounded

Global Occurrence 🌍

🗣️ Languages Featuring [e]

Standardized Representations 🔢

📝 IPA and Beyond

⠢ Braille Representation

IPA Vowel Chart Context 📊

🗺️ Locating [e]

Related Phonetic Concepts 🔗

📚 Further Exploration

Important Notes 💡

📌 Clarifications

References 📖

📚 Source Materials

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📜 Important Notice

Dive in with Flashcard Learning!

Introducing the Close-Mid Front Unrounded Vowel

Defining the Sound

Key Phonetic Features

Vowel Height: Close-Mid

Vowel Backness: Front

Roundedness: Unrounded

Global Occurrence

Languages Featuring [e]

Standardized Representations

IPA and Beyond

Braille Representation

IPA Vowel Chart Context

Locating [e]

Related Phonetic Concepts

Further Exploration

Important Notes

Clarifications

References

Source Materials

Test Your Knowledge

Assess Your Understanding

Teacher's Corner

True or False?

Test Your Knowledge!

Gamer's Corner

Discover other topics to study!

References

Feedback & Support

Disclaimer

Important Notice