What is the fundamental definition of collective ownership?

Collective ownership is defined as the ownership of private property by all members of a specific group. This concept implies that the assets are held and managed for the benefit of everyone within that group.

How broadly can the 'group' in collective ownership be understood?

The scope of the group in collective ownership can vary significantly, ranging from an entire society to a more specific set of coworkers within a particular enterprise, such as a collective farm. This flexibility allows for different scales of shared ownership.

What key characteristic distinguishes collective ownership from common ownership and the commons?

Collective ownership is distinguished from common ownership and the commons because the latter implies open access, the holding of assets in common, and a negation of ownership itself. In contrast, collective ownership still involves a defined group holding specific private property.

What is considered the defining characteristic of socialism in terms of property ownership?

The defining characteristic of socialism is the collective ownership of the means of production. This means that the resources and facilities used to produce goods and services are owned by the community or a collective, rather than by private individuals.

In the context of socialism, what can the term 'collective ownership' refer to?

Within socialism, collective ownership can refer either to society-wide ownership, often termed social ownership, or to cooperative ownership, where the members of an organization collectively own the enterprise. Both forms emphasize shared control and benefit.

How does collective ownership typically differ from public ownership?

When contrasted with public ownership, which usually refers to state ownership, collective ownership commonly refers to group ownership, such as that found in a producer cooperative. This highlights a distinction between state control and direct group control.

Why is there a distinction between personal property and private property in socialist and Marxist contexts?

In socialist and Marxist contexts, a crucial distinction is made between personal property and private property because the traditional definition of private property, as a legal designation for non-governmental entities, does not align with their specific usage. They differentiate based on the purpose and social implications of the property.

What items are typically considered 'personal property' in socialist and Marxist theory?

In socialist and Marxist theory, personal property, also referred to as possession, includes items intended for an individual's personal use. Examples are one's toothbrush, clothes, homes, vehicles, and sometimes money, provided they are acquired in a socially fair manner and the owner has a distributive right to exclude others from their use.

What is the Marxist definition of 'private property'?

From a Marxist perspective, private property is understood not as a relationship between a person and a thing, but as a social relation between an owner and individuals who are deprived of that property. This typically refers to the means of production, such as factories, mines, infrastructure, and natural resources, which generate capital for the owner without requiring the owner to perform physical labor.

According to Marxist theory, what is the perceived consequence for laborers who work using someone else's private property?

According to Marxist theory, laborers who perform work using someone else's private property are considered deprived of the full value of their labor. Instead, they receive a salary that is seen as disconnected from the actual value generated by their work, leading to a system of exploitation.

How do socialists, including anarchists, generally differentiate between private property and personal property?

Socialists, including anarchists, generally differentiate by defining private property as capital or the means of production, which are used to generate wealth. In contrast, personal property refers to non-capital items, consumer goods, and services that are for individual use and consumption.

What are the two major types of economic systems identified in the provided context?

The two major types of economic systems identified are Capitalism and Socialism. These represent broad frameworks for how economies are organized and resources are allocated.

Can you list some examples of capitalist economic systems categorized by ideology?

Capitalist economic systems categorized by ideology include Corporate capitalism, Democratic capitalism, Laissez-faire capitalism, Mercantilism (including Neomercantilism), Neoliberalism, Social market economy, State capitalism, and Welfare capitalism. These variations reflect different approaches to market regulation and social welfare within a capitalist framework.

What are some examples of socialist economic systems categorized by ideology?

Socialist economic systems categorized by ideology include Communism, Market socialism, Mutualism, Participatory economics, Socialist market economy, Socialist-oriented market economy, State socialism, and Syndicalism. These systems vary in their degree of state control, market integration, and worker participation.

What are the various property types listed in the economic systems sidebar?

The economic systems sidebar lists several property types, including Collective ownership, Commons (which encompasses Common ownership), Private property, State ownership, and Social ownership. These categories describe different ways assets can be legally held and managed.

What are some examples of property ownership types categorized by owner?

Property ownership types categorized by owner include Collective, Common, Communal, Community, Crown, Customary, Cooperative, Private, Public, Self, Social, State, and Unowned property. These classifications indicate who or what entity holds the rights to a particular asset.

What types of property are categorized by their nature?

Property types categorized by their nature include Croft, Estate (landed), Intangible property, Intellectual property (which can be indigenous), Personal property, and Tangible property (which includes real property). This classification distinguishes property based on its physical or conceptual form.

What are some examples of 'commons' as a property type?

Examples of commons as a property type include Common land, Common-pool resources, Digital commons, Global commons, Information commons, and Knowledge commons. These refer to resources or assets shared by a group, often with open access or shared management.

What theoretical concepts are associated with property?

Theoretical concepts associated with property include the Bundle of rights, Commodity (including fictitious commodities), Common good (economics), Excludability, First possession theory of property (with appropriation and the homestead principle), the Free-rider problem, Game theory, Georgism, Gift economy, Labor theory of property, Law of rent (and rent-seeking), Legal plunder, Natural rights, Ownership, Property rights (including primogeniture, usufruct, and women's property rights), the Right to property, Rivalry (economics), and the Tragedy of the commons (including the anticommons). These theories explore the philosophical, economic, and legal underpinnings of property.

What specific rights are associated with property?

Specific rights associated with property include Air rights, Fishing rights (such as in an Exclusive economic zone), Forest-dwelling rights (as in India), Freedom to roam, Grazing rights (including pannage), Hunting rights, Land rights (such as aboriginal, indigenous, and squatting rights), Littoral rights, Mineral rights (including Bergregal), Right of way, and Water rights (like prior-appropriation and riparian rights). These rights define what an owner or user can do with or on a property.

What processes are related to the dispossession or redistribution of property?

Processes related to the dispossession or redistribution of property include Bioprospecting (and biopiracy), Collectivization, Eminent domain, Enclosure, Eviction, Expropriation, Farhud, Forced migration (including population transfer and repatriation), Illegal fishing, Illegal logging, Land Back movements, Land reform, Legal plunder, Piracy, Poaching, Primitive accumulation, Privatization, Regulatory taking, Slavery (including bride buying, human trafficking, spousal, and wage slavery), Tax (such as inheritance, poll, progressive, and property tax), and Theft. These actions involve changes in who controls or benefits from property.

Which scholar is known for writing 'The Law' in relation to property and individual rights?

Frédéric Bastiat is known for his work 'The Law,' which discusses the role of law in protecting individual rights, including property rights, and critiques legal plunder.

Who authored 'The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State'?

Friedrich Engels authored 'The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State,' a foundational text in Marxist theory that examines the historical development of these social institutions.

Which economist is recognized for his work 'Progress and Poverty'?

Henry George is recognized for his work 'Progress and Poverty,' which advocates for a single tax on land value, known as Georgism, to address economic inequality.

Who wrote 'Two Treatises of Government' and is associated with property theory?

John Locke wrote 'Two Treatises of Government,' a highly influential work that includes his theory of property, suggesting that individuals gain property rights through their labor.

Which influential work on capital is attributed to Karl Marx?

Karl Marx's influential work on capital is 'Das Kapital,' which critically analyzes capitalism, commodity production, and the accumulation of capital.

Who explored the concept of 'The Gift' in relation to social exchange and property?

Marcel Mauss explored the concept of 'The Gift,' an essay that examines the social functions of gift exchange in various societies, contrasting it with market-based transactions.

Which scholar is known for their work on the 'Tragedy of the Commons'?

Garrett Hardin is known for his work on the 'Tragedy of the Commons,' a concept describing how shared resources can be depleted when individuals act in their own self-interest without collective regulation.

Who wrote 'The Great Transformation' concerning economic systems and property?

Karl Polanyi wrote 'The Great Transformation,' a significant work that analyzes the historical shift from traditional economies to market-based systems and the social dislocations caused by the commodification of land, labor, and money.

Which work by Pierre-Joseph Proudhon famously questions the nature of property?

Pierre-Joseph Proudhon's work 'What Is Property?' famously questions the nature of property, leading to his well-known assertion that property is theft.

Who authored 'The Wealth of Nations,' a foundational text in economics?

Adam Smith authored 'The Wealth of Nations,' a foundational text in classical economics that discusses concepts such as the division of labor, free markets, and the invisible hand.

What are some examples of economic systems categorized by coordination?

Economic systems categorized by coordination include Closed (autarky), Decentralized, Digital, Dirigist, Dual, Gift, Informal, Market, Mixed, Natural, Open, Planned, Robinson Crusoe, Sharing, Subsistence, Underground, Vertical archipelago, and Virtual economies. These classifications describe how economic activities are organized and managed.

What are some examples of economic systems categorized by regional model?

Economic systems categorized by regional model include various Asian models (like East Asian, Chinese, Singaporean, and Keralan models), European models (such as Anglo-Saxon, German, Nordic, Dutch, Rhenish, and Soviet models), and Latin American models (like Socialism of the 21st century). These reflect distinct economic structures and policies developed in specific geographical areas.

What are the different sectors of an economy mentioned in the context of ownership?

The different sectors of an economy mentioned in the context of ownership are Common ownership, Private sector, Public sector, and Voluntary sector. These categories delineate the primary actors and forms of ownership within an economic system.

What are some processes related to the transition of economic systems or property ownership?

Processes related to the transition of economic systems or property ownership include Collectivization, Communization, Corporatization, Demutualization, Deregulation, Expropriation, Financialization, Liberalization, Marketization, Municipalization, Mutualization, Nationalization, Privatization, and Socialization (including Marxist socialization). These terms describe various ways ownership and control of assets can change.

What are the different methods of economic coordination mentioned?

The different methods of economic coordination mentioned include Barter, Market (which can be Free, Open, or Regulated), Planning (including In kind, Cybernetics, Indicative, and Material balancing), Price systems, and Self-managed economies (such as Peer-to-peer, Sharing, and Open access models). These methods describe how economic decisions are made and resources are allocated.

What are some other diverse types of economies listed?

Other diverse types of economies listed include Attention economy, Commons-based peer production, Expeditionary economics, Hunter-gatherer economy, Inclusive Democracy, Information economy, Manorialism, Newly industrialized economy, Palace economy, Plantation economy, Plutonomy, Post-capitalist economy, Post-industrial economy, Post-scarcity economy, Resource-based economy, Token economy, Traditional economy, Transition economy, and World economy. These represent a wide array of economic structures and historical or theoretical models.

What are some applications of property concepts mentioned in the navbox?

Applications of property concepts mentioned include Acequia (watercourse systems), Ejido (agrarian land in Mexico), various types of Estate (legal, literary, real), different Forest types, Huerta (irrigated land), Inheritance (and the role of an executor), Land tenure, and Property law (covering aspects like alienation, easement, restraint on alienation, real estate, and title). These illustrate how property principles are applied in practical and legal contexts.

What is 'Employee stock ownership' as a concept related to ownership?

Employee stock ownership is a system where employees own shares in the company they work for, providing them with a stake in the company's success and potentially a say in its governance. It is a form of shared ownership within an enterprise.

What does 'Workers' self-management' entail?

Workers' self-management entails a system where the workers of an enterprise collectively manage and control its operations, rather than having management appointed by external owners. This promotes democratic decision-making within the workplace.

What is 'Market socialism'?

Market socialism is an economic system characterized by social or collective ownership of the means of production, but with the allocation of resources and distribution of goods and services determined by market mechanisms. It combines elements of both socialism and market economies.

What is 'Mutualization' in the context of ownership transition?

Mutualization is a process where a company or organization that was previously owned by shareholders or the state is converted into a mutual organization, meaning it is owned by its members, customers, or employees. This shifts ownership to a collective group of stakeholders.

What is 'Condominium' as a form of property ownership?

A condominium is a type of real property ownership where individuals own their specific unit within a larger complex, while common areas and facilities are jointly owned by all unit owners. This represents a blend of private and collective ownership.

What is 'Possession (law)' in relation to property?

Possession in law refers to the factual control a person has over an object, whether or not they legally own it. It is a distinct concept from ownership, which refers to the legal title and rights to property.

What is a 'Worker cooperative'?

A worker cooperative is an enterprise that is owned and democratically controlled by its employees. This structure embodies collective ownership, as the workers collectively share in the profits and decision-making of the business.

What is 'Social ownership'?

Social ownership refers to the ownership of the means of production by society as a whole, rather than by private individuals or the state. It is a broad concept that can encompass various forms of collective and public ownership, aiming for collective benefit.

What is 'State ownership'?

State ownership, also known as public ownership, is a form of property ownership where the assets, enterprises, or industries are owned and controlled by the government or a public entity. This means the state holds the property rights on behalf of the populace.

What is 'Private property' in its general sense, as distinct from collective ownership?

Private property, in its general sense, refers to the ownership of assets by non-governmental legal entities, typically individuals or corporations. This contrasts with collective ownership where a group or society holds the property rights.

What is 'Common ownership'?

Common ownership refers to a system where property is owned collectively by a community or group, often implying shared access and management. It is closely related to the concept of the commons, where resources are available to all members of a defined group.

Collective Ownership Wiki: Shared Foundations: An Academic Exploration of Collective Ownership

Dive in with Flashcard Learning!

When you are ready...
🎮 Play the Wiki2Web Clarity Challenge Game🎮

What is Collective Ownership?

Shared Property Defined

Collective ownership refers to the shared possession of private property by all members within a defined group.^[1] This group's scope can vary significantly, from an entire societal collective to a specific cohort of co-workers, such as those within a collective farm.^[2] It establishes a framework where assets are held and managed for the benefit of the collective, rather than by a single individual or entity.

Core of Socialist Thought

At its essence, collective ownership of the means of production serves as the defining characteristic of socialism.^[4] Within this framework, 'collective ownership' can manifest as either society-wide ownership, often termed social ownership, or as cooperative ownership directly managed by the members of an organization.^[5] This fundamental principle aims to align economic activity with collective welfare.

Group vs. Open Access

It is crucial to differentiate collective ownership from common ownership or the concept of the commons. While collective ownership implies a defined group holding assets, common ownership typically denotes open access and, in some interpretations, a negation of ownership in the traditional sense.^{[nb 1]} This distinction highlights the structured nature of collective property rights versus the more diffuse nature of common resources.

Distinctions & Nuances

Private vs. Personal Property

In socialist and Marxist discourse, a critical distinction is drawn between 'private property' and 'personal property'. Personal property encompasses items intended for individual use, such as clothing, homes, or vehicles, acquired through socially equitable means. Conversely, private property refers to the means of production—artifacts, factories, land, and infrastructure—that generate capital for an owner without necessarily requiring direct physical labor.^{[nb 1]}

Marxist theory posits that private property, in the context of means of production, establishes a social relation between the owner and those deprived of its use. This dynamic can lead to a situation where laborers are alienated from the value created by their work, receiving a wage that is disconnected from the actual value generated.^{[nb 1]}

Public vs. Group Ownership

When contrasted with public ownership, collective ownership typically refers to assets held by a specific group, such as a producer cooperative, rather than by the state or a broader governmental entity.^[5] Public ownership implies state control over resources, whereas collective ownership emphasizes direct control and benefit for the members of the collective, fostering a more decentralized form of shared management.

Property Rights Frameworks

Property rights under collective ownership are fundamentally structured to benefit the collective members. Unlike private ownership, where rights ultimately belong to individuals, or public ownership, where they reside with the state, collective ownership vests these rights in the members of the collective.^[2] This influences the disposition, use, and earnings derived from the property, ensuring alignment with collective goals.

Collective Ownership in Socialism

Defining Socialist Economics

Socialism, as an economic system, is fundamentally characterized by either state or collective ownership of the means of production, including land and capital.^[4] This foundational principle aims to ensure that productive assets serve the broader societal good or the direct benefit of the collective members, rather than private accumulation. The goal is often to reduce economic inequality and foster a more equitable distribution of wealth.

Society-Wide Ownership

One significant manifestation of collective ownership within socialist frameworks is society-wide ownership, often referred to as social ownership. In this model, resources and productive assets are managed through democratic or state mechanisms to ensure their utilization for the collective welfare of all citizens. This approach seeks to eliminate private control over essential industries and services, placing them under broad public or social stewardship.

Cooperative Ownership Models

Another crucial form of collective ownership is cooperative ownership, where members of an organization directly own and democratically control the enterprise. Examples include worker cooperatives and collective farms, where members share in decision-making processes and the profits generated.^[5] This model emphasizes self-management and direct participation, empowering individuals within their economic activities.

Forms of Collective Property

Collective Farms

A collective farm represents a specific instance of collective ownership where agricultural land and resources are jointly owned and operated by a group of farmers. Members typically pool their land, labor, and equipment, sharing in the produce and profits according to agreed-upon principles. This model aims to enhance agricultural productivity and ensure equitable distribution among the farming community.

Producer Cooperatives

Producer cooperatives exemplify collective ownership in industrial or service sectors. In these enterprises, the workers themselves own and govern the business, making decisions democratically and sharing in the profits or losses. This structure contrasts with traditional capitalist firms where ownership resides with external shareholders, promoting worker empowerment and a more direct stake in the enterprise's success.^[5]

Condominiums

While often associated with individual ownership, condominiums present a form of collective ownership regarding common areas and shared facilities within a residential or commercial complex. Individual units are privately owned, but elements like hallways, roofs, and recreational amenities are collectively owned and managed by all unit owners through an association. This hybrid model blends private and collective property rights.

Key Concepts & Implications

Marxist Critique of Private Property

From a Marxist perspective, private property, particularly the ownership of the means of production, is viewed as a social relation that inherently creates deprivation. It posits that those who perform labor using another's private property are alienated from the full value of their work, receiving a wage that is disconnected from the wealth they generate for the owner.^{[nb 1]} This critique forms a cornerstone of arguments for collective ownership.

Anarchist Property Views

Anarchist thought also distinguishes between private property and possession, advocating against private property as a source of hierarchy and exploitation. For anarchists, private property refers to capital and the means of production, which they oppose, while personal property refers to non-capital and consumer goods, which are generally affirmed as legitimate possessions.^{[nb 1]} This perspective aligns with collective ownership in its rejection of concentrated control over productive assets.

Economic Systems Spectrum

Collective ownership exists along a spectrum of property forms, alongside private and public ownership, each with distinct implications for economic organization and societal structure. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for analyzing different economic systems and their underlying philosophical tenets regarding resource allocation, distribution, and the role of individual versus collective rights in economic life.

Teacher's Corner

Edit and Print this course in the Wiki2Web Teacher Studio

Edit and Print Materials from this study in the wiki2web studio

Click here to open the "Collective Ownership" Wiki2Web Studio curriculum kit

Use the free Wiki2web Studio to generate printable flashcards, worksheets, exams, and export your materials as a web page or an interactive game.

True or False?

Test Your Knowledge!

Gamer's Corner

Are you ready for the Wiki2Web Clarity Challenge?

Learn about collective_ownership while playing the wiki2web Clarity Challenge game.

Unlock the mystery image and prove your knowledge by earning trophies. This simple game is addictively fun and is a great way to learn!

Play now

Explore More Topics

Discover other topics to study!

tiberius claudius narcissus

war of the straits

frasier season 7

edinburgh university students association

mr. bean

london museum

References

A full list of references for this article are available at the Collective ownership Wikipedia page

Feedback & Support

To report an issue with this page, or to find out ways to support the mission, please click here.

Disclaimer

Important Notice

This page was generated by an Artificial Intelligence and is intended for informational and educational purposes only. The content is based on a snapshot of publicly available data from Wikipedia and may not be entirely accurate, complete, or up-to-date.

This is not financial or economic advice. The information provided on this website is not a substitute for professional consultation in economics, finance, or social theory. Always refer to primary academic sources and consult with qualified professionals for specific research or policy considerations. Never disregard professional academic or financial advice because of something you have read on this website.

The creators of this page are not responsible for any errors or omissions, or for any actions taken based on the information provided herein.

Shared Foundations: Collective Ownership

💡 Dive in with Flashcard Learning! 💡

What is Collective Ownership? ℹ️

👥 Shared Property Defined

🌱 Core of Socialist Thought

↔️ Group vs. Open Access

Distinctions & Nuances ⚖️

🏠 Private vs. Personal Property

🏛️ Public vs. Group Ownership

📜 Property Rights Frameworks

Collective Ownership in Socialism 🚩

⚙️ Defining Socialist Economics

🌐 Society-Wide Ownership

🤝 Cooperative Ownership Models

Forms of Collective Property 🧩

🚜 Collective Farms

🏭 Producer Cooperatives

🏘️ Condominiums

Key Concepts & Implications 🧠

⛓️ Marxist Critique of Private Property

🕊️ Anarchist Property Views

📊 Economic Systems Spectrum

Teacher's Corner 🧑‍🏫

Edit and Print this course in the Wiki2Web Teacher Studio

True or False? 🤔

❓ Test Your Knowledge! ❓

Gamer's Corner 🎮

Are you ready for the Wiki2Web Clarity Challenge?

Explore More Topics

📜 Discover other topics to study!

References

📜 References

Feedback & Support 👍

To report an issue with this page, or to find out ways to support the mission, please click here.

Disclaimer ⚠️

📜 Important Notice

Dive in with Flashcard Learning!

What is Collective Ownership?

Shared Property Defined

Core of Socialist Thought

Group vs. Open Access

Distinctions & Nuances

Private vs. Personal Property

Public vs. Group Ownership

Property Rights Frameworks

Collective Ownership in Socialism

Defining Socialist Economics

Society-Wide Ownership

Cooperative Ownership Models

Forms of Collective Property

Collective Farms

Producer Cooperatives

Condominiums

Key Concepts & Implications

Marxist Critique of Private Property

Anarchist Property Views

Economic Systems Spectrum

Teacher's Corner

True or False?

Test Your Knowledge!

Gamer's Corner

Discover other topics to study!

References

Feedback & Support

Disclaimer

Important Notice