When was India's Red List of endangered species initially released, and at which significant global event?

India's Red List of endangered species was released in 2018 at the Rio+20 Earth Summit. This summit was a major international conference focused on sustainable development, where nations discussed global environmental challenges.

How has the total number of critically endangered, endangered, or vulnerable animal and plant species in India changed from 2018 to the 2023-1 IUCN Red List update?

In 2018, India's Red List contained 132 species of plants and animals. As of the 2023-1 update from the IUCN Red List, this number has significantly increased to over 950 species of animals and over 600 species of plants, all listed as critically endangered, endangered, or vulnerable.

What is the primary source for the classification of endangered animals in India, as referenced in the article?

The primary source for the classification of endangered animals in India, as referenced in the article, is the IUCN Red List. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is a global authority on the status of the natural world and the measures needed to safeguard it.

Which categories of threat are used by the IUCN Red List to classify species in India?

The IUCN Red List classifies species in India into categories such as critically endangered, endangered, or vulnerable. These categories indicate the varying degrees of risk of extinction faced by different species.

What are some of the biodiversity lists related to the wildlife of India, as indicated in the sidebar?

The sidebar on the wildlife of India indicates several biodiversity lists, including amphibians, ants, birds, butterflies, endangered animals, fish, mammals, molluscs, moths, odonates, reptiles, spiders, and tiger beetles.

What types of protected areas are established in India for wildlife conservation?

India has various types of protected areas for wildlife conservation, including biosphere reserves, communal forests, conservation areas, conservation and community reserves, elephant reserves, national parks, private protected areas, Ramsar Sites, reserved and protected forests, tiger reserves, and wildlife sanctuaries. These areas are designated to protect natural habitats and their resident species.

Which major conservation projects are highlighted in India?

Major conservation projects highlighted in India include Project Cheetah, Project Dolphin, Project Elephant, and Project Tiger. These initiatives focus on the protection and recovery of specific iconic species and their habitats.

What are the key Acts of Parliament in India related to wildlife and forest conservation?

The key Acts of Parliament related to wildlife and forest conservation in India are the Indian Forest Act 1927, the Wildlife Protection Act 1972, and the Wildlife Protection Act 2002. These legislative frameworks provide legal protection for forests and wildlife, regulating activities that could impact them.

Which national organizations in India are involved in environmental and wildlife management?

Several national organizations in India are involved in environmental and wildlife management, including the Ministry of Environment and Forests, the National Biodiversity Authority, the Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, the Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education, the Indian Forest Service, the Forest Survey of India, the Indian Institute of Forest Management, the Wildlife Institute of India, the National Tiger Conservation Authority, and the Central Zoo Authority.

What international organizations are listed as being involved in wildlife conservation efforts related to India?

International organizations involved in wildlife conservation efforts related to India include the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the South Asian Zoo Association for Regional Cooperation (SAZARC), World Animal Protection, the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (WAZA), and the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF). These bodies work globally to address conservation challenges.

How many arachnid species are listed as critically endangered in India according to the 2023-1 IUCN update, and which species are they?

According to the 2023-1 IUCN update, two arachnid species are listed as critically endangered in India: the Rameshwaram parachute spider (*Poecilotheria hanumavilasumica*) and the Peacock tarantula (*Poecilotheria metallica*). These spiders are facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.

Which bird species are among the critically endangered animals in India, as per the IUCN's 2023-1 update?

Among the 19 bird species listed as critically endangered in India by the IUCN's 2023-1 update are the Great Indian bustard (*Ardeotis nigriceps*), White-bellied heron (*Ardea insignis*), Baer's pochard (*Aythya baeri*), Spoon-billed sandpiper (*Calidris pygmaea*), Siberian crane (*Grus leucogeranus*), White-rumped vulture (*Gyps bengalensis*), Indian vulture (*Gyps indicus*), Slender-billed vulture (*Gyps tenuirostris*), Bengal florican (*Houbaropsis bengalensis*), Himalayan quail (*Ophrysia superciliosa*), Pink-headed duck (*Rhodonessa caryophyllacea*), and Red-headed vulture (*Sarcogyps calvus*).

What is the status of *Millepora boschmai* within the Cnidaria phylum in India?

Within the Cnidaria phylum, *Millepora boschmai* is listed as critically endangered in India and is possibly extinct. Cnidaria are a group of aquatic animals that includes corals, jellyfish, and sea anemones.

Can you name some of the critically endangered fish species in India, including any that are possibly extinct?

Some of the 44 critically endangered fish species in India include the Stripenose guitarfish (*Acroteriobatus variegatus*), Knifetooth sawfish (*Anoxypristis cuspidata*), Pondicherry shark (*Carcharhinus hemiodon*), Oceanic whitetip shark (*Carcharhinus longimanus*), Ganges shark (*Glyphis gangeticus*), Dwarf sawfish (*Pristis clavata*), and Largetooth sawfish (*Pristis microdon*). Species possibly extinct include the Nilgiri mystus (*Hemibagrus punctatus*), Deolali minnow (*Parapsilorhynchus prateri*), Pinniwallago kanpurensis, and Deccan barb (*Puntius deccanensis*).

Which insect species are identified as critically endangered in India?

Two insect species are identified as critically endangered in India: the Pygmy hog-suckin' louse (*Haematopinus oliveri*) and *Protostica myristicaensis*. Insects play vital roles in ecosystems, including pollination and decomposition.

What are some of the critically endangered mammal species found in India, including those possibly extinct?

Among the 11 critically endangered mammal species in India are the Namdapha flying squirrel (*Biswamoyopterus biswasi*), Kashmir stag or hangul (*Cervus canadensis hanglu*), Elvira rat (*Cremnomys elvira*), Andaman shrew (*Crocidura andamanensis*), Sumatran rhinoceros (*Dicerorhinus sumatrensis*), Chinese pangolin (*Manis pentadactyla*), and Javan rhinoceros (*Rhinoceros sondaicus*). The Malabar large-spotted civet (*Viverra civettina*) is listed as possibly extinct.

Which critically endangered reptile and amphibian species are found in India, with some potentially extinct?

Among the 59 critically endangered reptile and amphibian species in India are the Dehradun stream frog (*Amolops chakrataensis*), Northern river terrapin (*Batagur baska*), Red-crowned roofed turtle (*Batagur kachuga*), Gharial (*Gavialis gangeticus*), Hawksbill sea turtle (*Eretmochelys imbricata*), Asian forest tortoise (*Manouria emys*), Leith's softshell turtle (*Nilssonia leithii*), Black softshell turtle (*Nilssonia nigricans*), and Cantor's giant softshell turtle (*Pelochelys cantorii*). The Madras spotted skink (*Barkudia insularis*) is also critically endangered.

How many arachnid species are listed as endangered in India, and what are their scientific names?

Four arachnid species are listed as endangered in India: *Haploclastus kayi*, *Poecilotheria formosa*, *Poecilotheria miranda*, and *Poecilotheria rufilata*. These species are at a very high risk of extinction in the wild.

Can you list some of the endangered bird species in India, according to the 2023-1 IUCN update?

Some of the 20 endangered bird species in India, as per the 2023-1 IUCN update, include the Forest owlet (*Athene blewitti*), Steppe eagle (*Aquila nipalensis*), Oriental stork (*Ciconia boyciana*), Saker falcon (*Falco cherrug*), Pallas's fish-eagle (*Haliaeetus leucoryphus*), Egyptian vulture (*Neophron percnopterus*), White-headed duck (*Oxyura leucocephala*), Green peafowl (*Pavo muticus*), Indian skimmer (*Rynchops albicollis*), and Black-bellied tern (*Sterna acuticauda*).

Which Cnidaria species are classified as endangered in India?

Four Cnidaria species are classified as endangered in India: *Acropora rudis*, *Anacropora spinsosa*, *Parasimplastrea sheppardi*, and *Porites desilveri*. These are types of corals, which are crucial for marine biodiversity.

What are the two crustacean species listed as endangered in India?

The two crustacean species listed as endangered in India are *Arachnochium kulsiense* and *Macrobrachium lamarrei lamarroides*. Crustaceans are a diverse group of arthropods, including crabs, lobsters, and shrimp.

Which echinoderm species are listed as endangered in India?

Four echinoderm species are listed as endangered in India: *Holothuria lessoni*, *Holothuria nobilis*, *Holothuria scabra*, and the Pineapple seacucumber (*Thelenota ananas*). Echinoderms are marine animals like sea stars, sea urchins, and sea cucumbers.

What are some of the endangered fish species in India, with a total of 135 as of 2023?

Some of the endangered fish species in India, totaling 135 as of 2023, include the Asian arowana (*Scleropages formosus*), Red line torpedo barb (*Sahyadria denisonii*), Golden mahaseer (*Tor putitora*), and Deccan labeo (*Labeo potail*). These species face a high risk of extinction in the wild.

Which insect species are categorized as endangered in India?

Four insect species are categorized as endangered in India: Ludlow's Bhutan glory (*Bhutanitis ludlowi*), *Idionyx galeata*, *Libellago balus*, and *Orthetrum andamanicum*. Insects are vital for ecosystem health, including pollination and nutrient cycling.

Can you identify some of the 55 mammal species listed as endangered in India?

Some of the 55 mammal species listed as endangered in India include the Red panda (*Ailurus fulgens*), Hog deer (*Axis porcinus*), Blue whale (*Balaenoptera musculus*), Wild water buffalo (*Bubalus arnee*), Dhole (*Cuon alpinus*), Asian elephant (*Elephas maximus*), Indian pangolin (*Manis crassicaudata*), Humpback whale (*Megaptera novaeangliae*), Nilgiri tahr (*Nilgiritragus hylocrius*), Asiatic lion (*Panthera leo persica*), Bengal tiger (*Panthera tigris tigris*), Ganges river dolphin (*Platanista gangetica*), Pygmy hog (*Porcula salvania*), and Snow leopard (*Uncia uncia*).

What are the mollusk species listed as endangered in India?

Three mollusk species are listed as endangered in India: *Cremnoconchus carinatus*, *Cremnoconchus syhadrensis*, and *Pseudomulleria dalyi*. Mollusks are a diverse group of invertebrates, including snails, clams, and octopuses.

Which reptile and amphibian species are among the 122 listed as endangered in India as of 2023?

Among the 122 reptile and amphibian species listed as endangered in India as of 2023 are the Perrotet's vine snake (*Ahaetulla perroteti*), Green turtle (*Chelonia mydas*), Indian narrow-headed softshell turtle (*Chitra indica*), Goan day gecko (*Cnemaspis goaensis*), Keeled box turtle (*Cuora mouhotii*), Indian kangaroo lizard (*Otocryptis beddomii*), Travancore Hills thorntail snake (*Platyplectrurus madurensis*), Travancore earth snake (*Rhinophis travancoricus*), and Cochin forest cane turtle (*Vijayachelys silvatica*).

How many animal species were listed as vulnerable in India as of the 2023-1 IUCN update?

As of the 2023-1 IUCN update, there are 481 animal species listed as vulnerable in India. Vulnerable species face a high risk of extinction in the wild in the medium-term future.

Which bird species are classified as vulnerable in India?

Bird species classified as vulnerable in India include the Christmas Island frigatebird (*Fregata andrewsi*), Sarus crane (*Antigone*), Nicobar megapode (*Megapodius nicobariensis*), and Dalmatian pelican (*Pelecanus crispus*). These birds require careful conservation efforts to prevent their status from worsening.

Can you name some of the mammal species listed as vulnerable in India?

Some of the mammal species listed as vulnerable in India include the Cheetah (*Acinonyx jubatus*), Brown bear (*Ursus arctos*), Capped langur (*Trachypithecus pileatus brahma*), Gaur (*Bos gaurus*), Four-horned antelope or chousingha (*Tetracerus quadricornis*), Leopard (*Panthera pardus*), Oriental small-clawed otter (*Aonyx cinerea*), White-chested bear (*Ursus thibetanus*), Yak (*Bos grunhniens*), Takin (*Budorcas taxicolor*), Barasingha (*Rucervus duvaucelii*), Clouded leopard (*Neofelis nebulosa*), Dugong (*Dugong dugon*), Sun bear (*Helarctos malayanus*), Stump-tailed macaque (*Macaca arctoides*), Marbled cat (*Pardofelis marmorata*), Sperm whale (*Physeter macrocephalus*), Rusty-spotted cat (*Prionailurus rubiginosus*), Indian rhinoceros (*Rhinoceros unicornis*), Snow leopard (*Uncia uncia*), Nilgiri marten (*Martes gwatkinsii*), and Sloth bear (*Melursus ursinus*).

Which reptile and amphibian species is specifically mentioned as vulnerable in India?

The Olive ridley sea turtle (*Lepidochelys olivacea*) is specifically mentioned as a vulnerable reptile and amphibian species in India. These sea turtles are known for their mass nesting events.

What is the common name and scientific name of one of the critically endangered tarantulas in India?

One of the critically endangered tarantulas in India is the Peacock tarantula, scientifically known as *Poecilotheria metallica*. This species is highly sought after in the pet trade, contributing to its endangered status.

Which critically endangered bird species is known for its distinctive yellow breast?

The Yellow-breasted bunting (*Emberiza aureola*) is a critically endangered bird species known for its distinctive yellow breast. This small passerine bird faces severe population declines.

What is the common name for *Cervus canadensis hanglu*, a critically endangered mammal in India?

The common name for *Cervus canadensis hanglu*, a critically endangered mammal in India, is the Kashmir stag or hangul. This subspecies of elk is native to the dense riverine forests of the Kashmir Valley.

Which critically endangered shark species is named after a major Indian river?

The Ganges shark (*Glyphis gangeticus*) is a critically endangered shark species named after the Ganges River in India. This freshwater shark is adapted to riverine environments.

What is the conservation status of the Sumatran rhinoceros in India?

The Sumatran rhinoceros (*Dicerorhinus sumatrensis*) is listed as critically endangered in India. It is the smallest and most hairy of the living rhinoceros species.

Which critically endangered frog species is known as the Dehradun stream frog?

The Dehradun stream frog, scientifically known as *Amolops chakrataensis*, is a critically endangered frog species. Stream frogs are typically found in fast-flowing mountain streams.

What is the conservation status of the Asian arowana in India?

The Asian arowana (*Scleropages formosus*) is listed as endangered in India. This freshwater fish is highly valued in the aquarium trade, which has contributed to its threatened status.

Which endangered mammal species is known for its distinctive red fur and arboreal lifestyle?

The Red panda (*Ailurus fulgens*) is an endangered mammal species known for its distinctive red fur and arboreal lifestyle. It primarily inhabits the eastern Himalayas and southwestern China.

What is the conservation status of the Bengal tiger in India?

The Bengal tiger (*Panthera tigris tigris*) is listed as endangered in India. This iconic big cat is a keystone species, meaning its presence is crucial for the health of its ecosystem.

Which endangered dolphin species is found in the Ganges River?

The Ganges river dolphin (*Platanista gangetica*) is an endangered dolphin species found in the Ganges River. These unique freshwater dolphins navigate using echolocation due to their poor eyesight.

What is the common name for *Rhinoceros unicornis*, a vulnerable mammal in India?

The common name for *Rhinoceros unicornis*, a vulnerable mammal in India, is the Indian rhinoceros. Also known as the greater one-horned rhinoceros, it is native to the Indian subcontinent.

Which vulnerable big cat species is adapted to cold, mountainous environments?

The Snow leopard (*Uncia uncia*) is a vulnerable big cat species adapted to cold, mountainous environments. Its thick fur and powerful build help it survive in harsh high-altitude habitats.

What is the conservation status of the Dugong in India?

The Dugong (*Dugong dugon*) is listed as vulnerable in India. These marine mammals are often referred to as 'sea cows' due to their herbivorous diet of seagrass.

Which critically endangered bird is known for its large size and preference for grasslands?

The Great Indian bustard (*Ardeotis nigriceps*) is a critically endangered bird known for its large size and preference for open grasslands. It is one of the heaviest flying birds in the world.

What is the conservation status of the Chinese pangolin in India?

The Chinese pangolin (*Manis pentadactyla*) is listed as critically endangered in India. Pangolins are unique mammals covered in scales, and they are the most trafficked mammals in the world.

Which critically endangered reptile is a large, fish-eating crocodilian?

The Gharial (*Gavialis gangeticus*) is a critically endangered reptile that is a large, fish-eating crocodilian. It is distinguished by its long, thin snout, which is ideal for catching fish.

What is the common name for *Macaca silenus*, an endangered primate in India?

The common name for *Macaca silenus*, an endangered primate in India, is the Lion-tailed macaque. This Old World monkey is endemic to the Western Ghats of South India and is known for its distinctive mane and tail tuft.

Which endangered species of whale is known for its distinctive hump on its back?

The Humpback whale (*Megaptera novaeangliae*) is an endangered species of whale known for its distinctive hump on its back and long pectoral fins. These baleen whales are famous for their complex songs.

What is the conservation status of the Wild water buffalo in India?

The Wild water buffalo (*Bubalus arnee*) is listed as endangered in India. This large bovine is considered the ancestor of the domestic water buffalo.

Which vulnerable antelope species in India is characterized by having four horns?

The Four-horned antelope, also known as chousingha (*Tetracerus quadricornis*), is a vulnerable antelope species in India characterized by having four horns. It is the only living species of bovid with four horns.

List Of Endangered Animals In India Wiki: India's Vanishing Legacy: A Zoological Imperative

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Conservation Overview

The Red List Initiative

India's commitment to global biodiversity conservation was underscored by the release of its Red List at the Rio+20 Earth Summit in 2012. This crucial document serves as a barometer for the health of the nation's diverse ecosystems, identifying species facing significant threats to their survival.

Escalating Threats

Initially, the 2018 Red List for India documented 132 species of plants and animals. However, the situation has become more dire. As of the 2023-1 update from the IUCN Red List, a staggering number of species are now classified as critically endangered, endangered, or vulnerable. This includes over 950 animal species and more than 600 plant species, indicating a rapid increase in the number of species facing extinction risks within India's borders.

Categories of Concern

The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) categorizes species based on their risk of extinction. These categories provide a standardized framework for assessing and prioritizing conservation efforts:

Critically Endangered (CR): Facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
Endangered (EN): Facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild.
Vulnerable (VU): Facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.

Understanding these classifications is fundamental to appreciating the urgency of conservation actions.

Critically Endangered

Arachnids (2 Species)

Even the smallest creatures play a vital role in ecosystems. India's critically endangered arachnids include unique tarantula species facing severe habitat loss.

Rameshwaram parachute spider (Poecilotheria hanumavilasumica)
Peacock tarantula (Poecilotheria metallica)

Birds (19 Species)

A diverse array of avian species, from majestic bustards to rare ducks and vultures, are on the brink, highlighting widespread ecological pressures.

Great Indian bustard (Ardeotis nigriceps)
White-bellied heron (Ardea insignis)
Baer's pochard (Aythya baeri)
Spoon-billed sandpiper (Calidris pygmaea)
Yellow-breasted bunting (Emberiza aureola)
Siberian crane (Grus leucogeranus)
White-rumped vulture (Gyps bengalensis)
Indian vulture (Gyps indicus)
Slender-billed vulture (Gyps tenuirostris)
Masked finfoot (Heliopais personatus)
Bengal florican (Houbaropsis bengalensis)
Bugun liocichla (Liocichla bugunorum)
Himalayan quail (Ophrysia superciliosa)
Jerdon's courser (Rhinoptilus bitorquatus)
Manipur bush-quail (Perdicula manipurensis)
Narcondam hornbill (Rhyticero)
Pink-headed duck (Rhodonessa caryophyllacea)
Red-headed vulture (Sarcogyps calvus)
Lesser florican (Sypheotides indicus)
Sociable lapwing (Vanellus gregarius)
White-winged duck (Asarcornis scutulata)

Fish (44 Species)

From the depths of the ocean to freshwater rivers, numerous fish species, including sharks and guitarfish, face an extreme risk of extinction.

Stripenose guitarfish (Acroteriobatus variegatus)
Knifetooth sawfish (Anoxypristis cuspidata)
Wayanad mahseer (Barbodes wynaadensis)
Pondicherry shark (Carcharhinus hemiodon)
Oceanic whitetip shark (Carcharhinus longimanus)
Sand tiger shark (Carcharias taurus)
Dwarf gulper shark (Centrophorus atromarginatus)
Indian swellshark (Cephaloscyllium silasi)
Garra arunachalami
Sharpnose guitarfish (Glaucostegus granulatus)
Halavi guitarfish (Glaucostegus halavi)
Widenose guitarfish (Glaucostegus obtusus)
Clubnose guitarfish (Glaucostegus thouin)
Giant guitarfish (Glaucostegus typus)
Ganges shark (Glyphis gangeticus)
Glyptothorax kashmirensis
Kudremukh glyptothorax (Glyptothorax kudremukhensis)
Tentacled butterfly ray (Gymnura tentaculata)
Nilgiri mystus (Hemibagrus punctatus) possibly extinct
Horalabiosa arunachalami
Haragi (Hypselobarbus pulchellus)
Red Canarese barb (Hypselobarbus thomassi)
Pakistan whipray (Maculabatis arabica)
Shorttail whipray (Maculabatis bineeshi)
Mesonoemacheilus herrei
Bovany barb (Neolissochilus bovanicus)
Deolali minnow (Parapsilorhynchus prateri) possibly extinct
Pookode Lake barb (Pethia pookodensis)
Pinniwallago kanpurensis possibly extinct
Dwarf sawfish (Pristis clavata)
Common sawfish (Pristis pristis)
Largetooth sawfish (Pristis microdon)
Longcomb sawfish (Pristis zijsron)
Psilorhynchus tenura
Deccan barb (Puntius deccanensis) possibly extinct
Puntius madhusoodani
Schistura papulifera
Bowmouth guitarfish (Rhina ancylostoma)
Bengal guitarfish (Rhinobatos annandalei)
Smoothback guitarfish (Rhinobatos lionotus)
Bottlenose wedgefish (Rhynchobatus australiae)
Smoothnose wedgefish (Rhynchobatus laevis)
Scalloped hammerhead (Sphyrna lewini)
Great hammerhead (Sphyrna mokaran)
Hump-back mahseer (Tor remadevii)
Triplophysa kashmirensis

Insects (2 Species)

Even small invertebrates, crucial for ecosystem health, are facing critical threats, including specific louse and damselfly species.

Pygmy hog-suckin' louse (Haematopinus oliveri)
Protostica myristicaensis

Mammals (11 Species)

Iconic and lesser-known mammals alike are critically endangered, from the elusive flying squirrel to various shrews and the Malabar large-spotted civet.

Namdapha flying squirrel (Biswamoyopterus biswasi)
Kashmir stag or hangul (Cervus canadensis hanglu)
Elvira rat (Cremnomys elvira)
Andaman shrew (Crocidura andamanensis)
Jenkins' shrew (Crocidura jenkinsi)
Nicobar shrew (Crocidura nicobarica)
Sumatran rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis)
Chinese pangolin (Manis pentadactyla)
Javan rhinoceros (Rhinoceros sondaicus)
Malabar large-spotted civet (Viverra civettina) possibly extinct

Reptiles & Amphibians (59 Species)

A vast number of reptiles and amphibians, including unique frogs, geckos, and turtles, are critically threatened, indicating severe habitat degradation in their ecosystems.

Dehradun stream frog (Amolops chakrataensis)
Madras spotted skink (Barkudia insularis)
Northern river terrapin (Batagur baska)
Three-striped roofed turtle (Batagur dhongoka)
Red-crowned roofed turtle (Batagur kachuga)
Khasi hill rock toad (Bufoides meghalayanus)
Adi's day gecko (Cnemaspis adii)
Cnemaspis anaikattiensis
Kottiyoor day gecko (Cnemaspis kottiyoorensis)
Cnemaspis shevaroyensis
Thackeray's dwarf gecko (Cnemaspis thackerayi)
Chamba bent-toed gecko (Cyrtodactylus chamba)
Cyrtodactylus montanus
Hawksbill sea turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata)
Ghats wart frog (Fejervarya murthii)
Gharial (Gavialis gangeticus)
Jeypore ground gecko (Geckoella jeyporensis)
Satara gecko (Hemidactylus sataraensis)
Southern Ghats slender gecko (Hemiphyllodactylus aurantiacus)
Hemiphyllodactylus kolliensis
Gundia Indian frog (Indirana gundia)
Toad-skinned frog (Indirana phrynoderma)
Yellow-headed tortoise (Indotestudo elongata)
Leptolalax khasiorum
Nagaland Asian toad (Leptobrachella lateralis)
Asian forest tortoise (Manouria emys)
Dzukou valley horned frog (Megophrys dzukou)
Garo white-lipped horned frog (Megophrys oreocrypta)
Rao's torrt frog (Micrixalus kottigeharensis)
Spotted dancing frog (Micrixalus specca)
Cave dancing frog (Micrixalus spelunca)
Charles Darwin's frog (Minervarya charlesdarwini)
Franky's narrow-mouthed frog (Mysticellus franki)
Nasikabatrachus bhupathi
Leith's softshell turtle (Nilssonia leithii)
Black softshell turtle (Nilssonia nigricans)
Dattatreya night frog (Nyctibatrachus dattatreyaensis)
Indraneil's night frog (Nyctibatrachus indraneili)
Assam roofed turtle (Pangshura sylhetensis)
Cantor's giant softshell turtle (Pelochelys cantorii)
Tura bubble-nest frog (Philautus kempiae)
Kobo bubble-nest frog (Philautus microdiscus)
Sacred grove bushfrog (Philautus sanctisilvaticus)
Amboli bush frog (Pseudophilautus amboli)
Raorchestes aureus
White-spotted bush frog (Raorchestes chalazodes)
Green eyed bushfrog (Raorchestes chlorosomma)
Griet bush frog (Raorchestes griet)
Kaikatti bushfrog (Raorchestes kaikatti)
Mark's bushfrog (Raorchestes marki)
Munnar bush frog (Raorchestes munnarensis)
Ponmudi bush frog (Raorchestes ponmudi)
Raorchestes primarrumpfi
Resplendent shrubfrog (Raorchestes resplendens)
Shillong bubble-nest frog (Raorchestes shillongensis)
Anaimalai flying frog (Rhacophorus pseudomalabaricus)
Sushil's bushfrog (Raorchestes sushili)
Rinophis goweri
Superb large fan-throated lizard (Sarada superba)
Spiny lazy toad (Scutiger spinosus)
Island pit viper (Trimeresurus labialis)
Shevaroy hills earth snake (Uropeltis shorttii)
Amboli toad (Xanthophryne tigerina)
Ghats wart frog (Zakerana murthii)

Cnidaria (1 Species)

The marine ecosystem also faces critical threats, with one species of fire coral possibly extinct.

Millepora boschmai possibly extinct

Endangered Species

Arachnids (4 Species)

Several more arachnid species are classified as endangered, indicating significant population declines and habitat pressures.

Haploclastus kayi
Poecilotheria formosa
Poecilotheria miranda
Poecilotheria rufilata

Birds (20 Species)

A further twenty bird species are endangered, including various eagles, storks, and unique regional birds, underscoring the broad impact of environmental changes.

Forest owlet (Athene blewitti)
Steppe eagle (Aquila nipalensis)
Great knot (Calidris tenuirostris)
Oriental stork (Ciconia boyciana)
Saker falcon (Falco cherrug)
Pallas's fish-eagle (Haliaeetus leucoryphus)
Swamp grass babbler (Laticlla cinerascens)
Niligiri chilappan (Montecincla cachinnans)
Banasura chilappan (Montecincla jerdoniI)
Egyptian vulture (Neophron percnopterus)
White-headed duck (Oxyura leucocephala)
Green peafowl (Pavo muticus)
Finn's weaver (Ploceus megarhynchus)
Indian skimmer (Rynchops albicollis)
Nordmann's greenshank (Tringa guttifer)
Black-chinned laughingthrush (Trochalopteron jerdoni)
Great nicobar serpant-eagle (Spilornis klossi)
Black-bellied tern (Sterna acuticauda)

Crustaceans (2 Species)

Two crustacean species are also listed as endangered, highlighting threats to aquatic invertebrate life.

Arachnochium kulsiense
Macrobrachium lamarrei lamarroides

Echinoderms (4 Species)

Four echinoderm species, including various sea cucumbers, are endangered, reflecting stress on marine benthic environments.

Holothuria lessoni
Holothuria nobilis
Holothuria scabra
Pineapple seacucumber (Thelenota ananas)

Fish (Selected Species)

While the 2023 update lists 135 endangered fish species, the 2018 data highlighted several key examples, including the Asian arowana and Golden mahaseer.

The following are examples from the broader list of endangered fish species:

Asian arowana (Scleropages formosus)
Red line torpedo barb (Sahyadria denisonii)
Golden mahaseer (Tor putitora)
Deccan labeo (Labeo potail)

Insects (4 Species)

Four insect species, including the Ludlow's Bhutan glory butterfly, are endangered, indicating specific threats to their habitats and life cycles.

Ludlow's Bhutan glory (Bhutanitis ludlowi)
Idionyx galeata
Libellago balus
Orthetrum andamanicum

Mammals (55 Species)

A significant number of mammals, ranging from the iconic Red panda and Asian elephant to various bats and dolphins, are endangered, reflecting widespread habitat loss and poaching pressures.

Red panda (Ailurus fulgens)
Hog deer (Axis porcinus)
Sei whale (Balaenoptera borealis)
Blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus)
Fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus)
Banteng (Bos javanicus)
Wild water buffalo (Bubalus arnee)
Hispid hare (Caprolagus hispidus)
Dhole (Cuon alpinus)
Asian elephant (Elephas maximus)
Indian elephant (Elephas maximus indicus)
Onager (Equus hemionus)
Woolly flying squirrel (Eupetaurus cinereus)
Kelaart's long-clawed shrew (Feroculus feroculus)
Manipur bush rat (Hadromys humei)
Kolar leaf-nosed bat (Hipposideros hypophyllus)
Nicobar leaf nosed bat (Hipposideros nicobarulae)
Pomona roundleaf bat (Hipposideros pomona)
Western hoolock gibbon (Hoolock hoolock)
Mishmi hills hoolock gibbon (Hoolock hoolock mishmiensis)
Salim Ali's fruit bat (Latidens salimalii)
Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx)
White-cheeked macaque (Macaca leucogenys)
Arunachal macaque (Macaca munzala)
Lion-tailed macaque (Macaca silenus)
Indian pangolin (Manis crassicaudata)
Humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae)
Kondana soft-furred rat (Millardia kondana)
Kashmir musk deer (Moschus cupreus)
Alpine musk deer (Moschus chrysogaster)
Black musk deer (Moschus fuscus)
White-bellied musk deer (Moschus leucogaster)
Servant mouse (Mus famulus)
Mandelli's mouse-eared bat (Myotis sicarius)
Nilgiri tahr (Nilgiritragus hylocrius)
Bengal slow loris (Nycticebus bengalensis)
Irrawaddy dolphin (Orcaella brevirostris)
Asiatic lion (Panthera leo persica)
Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris tigris)
Ganges river dolphin (Platanista gangetica)
Indus river dolphin (Platanista minor)
Pygmy hog (Porcula salvania)
Nicobar flying fox (Pteropus faunulus)
Nonsense rat (Rattus burrus)
Kerala rat (Rattus ranjiniae)
Andaman horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus cognatus)
Sangai (Rucervus eldii)
Kashmir gray langur (Semnopithecus ajax)
Indian Ocean humpback dolphin (Sousa plumbea)
Day's shrew (Suncus dayi)
Gee's golden langur (Trachypithecus geei)
Phayre's leaf-monkey (Trachypithecus phayrei)
Tenebrous capped langur (Trachypithecus pileatus brahma)
Blond-bellied langur (Trachypithecus pileatus pileatus)
Nicobar treeshrew (Tupaia nicobarica)
Nilgiri long-tailed tree mouse (Vandeleuria nilagirica)

Mollusks (3 Species)

Three mollusk species are endangered, highlighting the vulnerability of freshwater and terrestrial gastropods.

Cremnoconchus carinatus
Cremnoconchus syhadrensis
Pseudomulleria dalyi

Reptiles & Amphibians (Selected Species)

While the 2023 update lists 122 endangered reptile and amphibian species, the 2018 data provided specific examples, including various snakes, turtles, and geckos.

The following are examples from the broader list of endangered reptile and amphibian species:

Perrotet's vine snake (Ahaetulla perroteti)
Green turtle (Chelonia mydas)
Indian narrow-headed softshell turtle (Chitra indica)
Goan day gecko (Cnemaspis goaensis)
Wyanad day gecko (Cnemaspis wynadensis)
Keeled box turtle (Cuora mouhotii)
Boulenger's dasia (Dasia subcaerulea)
Poona skink (Eurylepis poonaensis)
Inger's mabuya (Eutropis clivicola)
Indian kangaroo lizard (Otocryptis beddomii)
Travancore Hills thorntail snake (Platyplectrurus madurensis)
Travancore earth snake (Rhinophis travancoricus)
Cochin forest cane turtle (Vijayachelys silvatica)

Cnidaria (4 Species)

Four coral species are endangered, highlighting the threats to India's marine coral reef ecosystems.

Acropora rudis
Anacropora spinsosa
Parasimplastrea sheppardi
Porites desilveri

Vulnerable Species

Birds (4 Species)

Several bird species are classified as vulnerable, facing a high risk of becoming endangered if conservation efforts are not sustained.

Christmas Island frigatebird (Fregata andrewsi)
Sarus crane (Antigone)
Nicobar megapode (Megapodius nicobariensis)
Dalmatian pelican (Pelecanus crispus)

Mammals (22 Species)

A significant number of mammals, including large carnivores, herbivores, and marine mammals, are vulnerable, requiring careful monitoring and protection.

Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus)
Brown bear (Ursus arctos)
Capped langur (Trachypithecus pileatus brahma)
Gaur (Bos gaurus)
Four-horned antelope or chousingha (Tetracerus quadricornis)
Leopard (Panthera pardus)
Oriental small-clawed otter (Aonyx cinerea)
White-chested bear (Ursus thibetanus)
Yak (Bos grunhniens)
Takin (Budorcas taxicolor)
Barasingha (Rucervus duvaucelii)
Clouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa)
Dugong (Dugong dugon)
Sun bear (Helarctos malayanus)
Stump-tailed macaque (Macaca arctoides)
Marbled cat (Pardofelis marmorata)
Sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus)
Rusty-spotted cat (Prionailurus rubiginosus)
Indian rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis)
Snow leopard (Uncia uncia)
Nilgiri marten (Martes gwatkinsii)
Sloth bear (Melursus ursinus)

Reptiles & Amphibians (1 Species)

One notable reptile species, the Olive ridley sea turtle, is classified as vulnerable, facing threats to its nesting sites and marine habitats.

Olive ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea)

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References

Red list has 132 species of plants, animals from India

IUCN. 2023. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2023-1. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on 23 January 2024.

A full list of references for this article are available at the List of endangered animals in India Wikipedia page

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Disclaimer

Important Notice

This page was generated by an Artificial Intelligence and is intended for informational and educational purposes only. The content is based on a snapshot of publicly available data from Wikipedia and may not be entirely accurate, complete, or up-to-date. The lists of species provided are based on the available data from the source of truth, which may represent a selection rather than an exhaustive list of all species within a given category as of the latest IUCN update.

This is not professional conservation advice. The information provided on this website is not a substitute for expert ecological assessment, conservation planning, or policy recommendations. Always refer to official conservation organizations, scientific literature, and qualified professionals for specific wildlife management and policy needs. Never disregard professional advice because of something you have read on this website.

The creators of this page are not responsible for any errors or omissions, or for any actions taken based on the information provided herein.

India's Vanishing Legacy: A Zoological Imperative

💡 Dive in with Flashcard Learning! 💡

Conservation Overview 🌍

📜 The Red List Initiative

📈 Escalating Threats

📊 Categories of Concern

Critically Endangered 🚨

🕷️ Arachnids (2 Species)

🐦 Birds (19 Species)

🐠 Fish (44 Species)

🦋 Insects (2 Species)

🐅 Mammals (11 Species)

🐢 Reptiles & Amphibians (59 Species)

🌊 Cnidaria (1 Species)

Endangered Species ⚠️

🕷️ Arachnids (4 Species)

🐦 Birds (20 Species)

🦀 Crustaceans (2 Species)

⭐ Echinoderms (4 Species)

🐟 Fish (Selected Species)

🐛 Insects (4 Species)

🐾 Mammals (55 Species)

🐚 Mollusks (3 Species)

🦎 Reptiles & Amphibians (Selected Species)

🌊 Cnidaria (4 Species)

Vulnerable Species 🌿

🐦 Birds (4 Species)

🐾 Mammals (22 Species)

🐢 Reptiles & Amphibians (1 Species)

Teacher's Corner 🧑‍🏫

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References

📜 References

Feedback & Support 👍

To report an issue with this page, or to find out ways to support the mission, please click here.

Disclaimer ⚠️

📜 Important Notice

Dive in with Flashcard Learning!

Conservation Overview

The Red List Initiative

Escalating Threats

Categories of Concern

Critically Endangered

Arachnids (2 Species)

Birds (19 Species)

Fish (44 Species)

Insects (2 Species)

Mammals (11 Species)

Reptiles & Amphibians (59 Species)

Cnidaria (1 Species)

Endangered Species

Arachnids (4 Species)

Birds (20 Species)

Crustaceans (2 Species)

Echinoderms (4 Species)

Fish (Selected Species)

Insects (4 Species)

Mammals (55 Species)

Mollusks (3 Species)

Reptiles & Amphibians (Selected Species)

Cnidaria (4 Species)

Vulnerable Species

Birds (4 Species)

Mammals (22 Species)

Reptiles & Amphibians (1 Species)

Teacher's Corner

True or False?

Test Your Knowledge!

Gamer's Corner

Discover other topics to study!

References

Feedback & Support

Disclaimer

Important Notice