What was the National Order Party (MNP) in Turkey?

The National Order Party, known in Turkish as Millî Nizam Partisi (MNP), was an Islamist political party in Turkey. It holds historical significance as the first party associated with the Millî Görüş ideology and was also the inaugural Islamist political party established in Turkey.

What was the primary ideology that guided the National Order Party?

The National Order Party was founded upon and adopted the Millî Görüş ideology. Millî Görüş, which translates to 'National Vision,' is a political movement that emphasizes the application of Islamic principles to all aspects of public life and governance.

Who founded the National Order Party, and who served as its leader?

The National Order Party was founded by Necmettin Erbakan, who also served as its leader. Erbakan was a prominent figure in Turkish Islamist politics.

When was the National Order Party officially established?

The National Order Party was officially founded on January 26, 1970.

When did the National Order Party cease to exist due to being banned?

The National Order Party was banned by the authorities on May 20, 1971.

What were the stated reasons for the banning of the National Order Party?

The party was banned by the authorities on the grounds that it violated the Constitution of Turkey. Specifically, the closure was attributed to violations of constitutional articles pertaining to secularism.

From which existing political party did the National Order Party originate?

The National Order Party emerged as a political entity following a split from the Justice Party (Turkey).

What political party succeeded the National Order Party?

The National Order Party was succeeded by the National Salvation Party (MSP), which was established in October 1972.

What role did Mehmet Zahit Kotku play in the formation of the National Order Party?

Mehmet Zahit Kotku, a significant leader within the Naqshbandi Sufi order, was instrumental in the establishment of the National Order Party, indicating a connection between religious leadership and the party's founding.

What does the Turkish name 'Millî Nizam Partisi' translate to in English?

The Turkish name 'Millî Nizam Partisi' translates to 'National Order Party' in English.

Beyond Millî Görüş, what other political ideologies were associated with the National Order Party?

In addition to Millî Görüş, the National Order Party was associated with Islamism, Pan-Islamism, social conservatism, desecularization, economic nationalism, and statism.

What was the National Order Party's position on the political spectrum?

The National Order Party was classified as being on the far-right of the political spectrum.

What religious affiliation was central to the National Order Party's identity?

The party was associated with Sunni Islam, reflecting its religious orientation.

What internal factions or leanings were noted within the National Order Party?

Within the National Order Party, there were noted factions or leanings towards monarchism and reactionism.

Where was the National Order Party headquartered?

The headquarters of the National Order Party was located in Ankara, the capital city of Turkey.

What is the historical significance of the National Order Party within the Millî Görüş movement?

The National Order Party holds the distinction of being the first political party to represent the Millî Görüş movement, marking its initial entry into the political arena.

What does the term 'Islamism' generally refer to in a political context?

Islamism is a political ideology that advocates for Islamic principles to guide the governance and social structures of a state, seeking to implement Islamic law and values in public life.

What are the core tenets of 'Pan-Islamism' as a political ideology?

Pan-Islamism is a political ideology that promotes the unity and solidarity of Muslims worldwide, often advocating for cooperation among Muslim nations or a unified Islamic political entity.

How did the National Order Party's platform interact with the concept of secularism in Turkey?

The party's platform and activities were perceived by authorities as conflicting with Turkey's constitutional commitment to secularism, which led to its ban for violating articles related to the separation of religion and state.

What was the operational lifespan of the National Order Party?

The National Order Party operated from its founding on January 26, 1970, until its ban on May 20, 1971, meaning it existed for approximately one year and four months.

What does 'social conservatism' typically imply for a political party's platform?

Social conservatism generally signifies a political approach that emphasizes the importance of traditional social values, institutions, and norms, often rooted in religious or cultural heritage.

What is the political objective of 'desecularization'?

Desecularization refers to the process of reducing the influence of secularism in public life and government, often involving the reintroduction or strengthening of religious principles and institutions in societal affairs.

What does 'economic nationalism' advocate for in terms of national policy?

Economic nationalism is a policy stance that prioritizes a nation's economic interests, often through measures such as protectionism, support for domestic industries, and asserting national control over key economic sectors.

What is 'statism' as an economic policy or ideology?

Statism is an economic ideology that supports significant state intervention and control over economic activities, which can include state ownership of industries, central planning, or extensive regulation of the private sector.

What is implied when one political party is described as being 'succeeded by' another?

When one party is 'succeeded by' another, it suggests that the successor party may carry forward the political legacy, ideology, or membership base of the predecessor, or is formed from its remnants, continuing its political lineage.

What was the relationship between the National Order Party and the subsequent National Salvation Party (MSP)?

The National Salvation Party (MSP), established in October 1972, is recognized as the successor party to the National Order Party (MNP), indicating a continuation of its political mission.

What is the significance of the Naqshbandi order in the context of the National Order Party's founding?

The involvement of Mehmet Zahit Kotku, a leader of the Naqshbandi order, in establishing the National Order Party highlights the influence of religious leadership and spiritual traditions in the party's formation.

What does the term 'far-right' generally denote in political classification?

The term 'far-right' typically categorizes political ideologies situated at the extreme end of the right-wing spectrum, often characterized by strong nationalism, social conservatism, and sometimes authoritarian tendencies.

What might the inclusion of 'Monarchism' as a faction suggest about the National Order Party's political leanings?

The mention of monarchism as a faction suggests that some elements within the party may have held views favoring a return to or support for monarchical systems of government, which is often associated with conservative or reactionary political thought.

What does 'Reactionism' imply as a political stance?

Reactionism is a political stance that advocates for a return to a previous political or social order, often opposing progressive changes and seeking to restore traditional structures or values that are perceived to have been lost.

How did the National Order Party contribute to the lineage of Islamist political parties in Turkey?

The National Order Party was the first in a series of Islamist political parties in Turkey that followed the Millî Görüş ideology. This lineage includes successor parties such as the National Salvation Party, Welfare Party, Virtue Party, and Felicity Party.

What does the term 'defunct' mean when applied to the National Order Party?

The term 'defunct' indicates that the National Order Party is no longer an active or operational political entity; it was banned and dissolved.

What is the purpose of the 'shortdescription' field found at the beginning of the article?

The 'shortdescription' field, which states 'Defunct Islamist party in Turkey,' serves to provide a brief and concise summary of the article's main subject matter at the top of the page.

What is the function of the 'infobox vcard' table within the article?

The 'infobox vcard' table is a structured summary that presents key factual information about the National Order Party, including its leader, founder, operational dates, ideology, and headquarters.

What does the 'fn org' class within the infobox signify?

The 'fn org' class is used within the infobox to denote the formal name of the organization or entity being described, which in this case is the National Order Party.

What information is conveyed by the 'nickname' field in the infobox, such as 'Millî Nizam Partisi'?

The 'nickname' field in the infobox provides the party's name in its original language, Turkish, which is 'Millî Nizam Partisi,' offering its native designation.

What is the role of the 'agent' class in the infobox for fields like 'Leader' and 'Founder'?

The 'agent' class is used to identify individuals or entities that are key actors or participants associated with the subject of the infobox, such as the leader and founder of the political party.

What is the purpose of the 'nowrap' attribute used for dates in the infobox?

The 'nowrap' attribute is used to prevent the date and any associated text, such as 'years ago,' from breaking across multiple lines. This ensures that the date information remains visually cohesive and easy to read.

What does the 'split from' field in the infobox reveal about the party's origins?

The 'split from' field indicates that the National Order Party originated from a division or departure from the Justice Party (Turkey), suggesting a political lineage or divergence from an existing party structure.

What does the 'succeeded by' field in the infobox communicate about the party's legacy?

The 'succeeded by' field indicates that the National Salvation Party is considered the successor to the National Order Party, implying a continuation of its political objectives or a transfer of its political base.

What is the function of the 'infobox-label' and 'infobox-data' classes within the party's infobox?

These classes are used to structure the information within the infobox. 'Infobox-label' identifies the category of information (e.g., 'Leader'), while 'infobox-data' provides the corresponding value for that category.

What context do the links to 'Politics of Turkey,' 'Political parties,' and 'Elections' provide?

These links, found in the hlist section, offer broader context by connecting the National Order Party to the general political landscape, the history of political parties in Turkey, and the electoral processes within the country.

What is the typical purpose of a 'navbox' element in a Wikipedia article?

A 'navbox' is a navigational template, usually located at the bottom of an article, that links to related topics, categories, or other relevant articles within a specific theme, such as a political movement or historical period.

How does the 'Milli Görüş political parties' navbox illustrate the National Order Party's historical role?

This navbox highlights the National Order Party as the inaugural party of the Millî Görüş movement, listing its successors and related parties. This illustrates its foundational position within that specific political lineage.

What does the 'Historical parties in Turkey' navbox indicate about the National Order Party?

The inclusion of the National Order Party in the 'Historical parties in Turkey' navbox places it within the broader context of Turkey's political evolution, identifying it as one of many significant political entities from the past.

What is the purpose of the 'Authority control' section in Wikipedia articles?

The 'Authority control' section provides links to various databases that catalog and manage information about entities like people and organizations. Its purpose is to ensure consistency in data and help users find related resources across different systems.

What does the 'stub' classification at the end of the article signify?

The 'stub' classification indicates that the article is brief and contains foundational information. It also serves as an invitation for readers to contribute by expanding the article with more details.

National Order Party Wiki: National Order Party: Genesis of a Political Movement

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Overview

Defining the Party

The National Order Party (Millî Nizam Partisi, MNP) was a significant political entity in Turkey, recognized as the first explicitly Islamist political party within the nation's history. It served as the foundational organization for the influential Millî Görüş movement, shaping a distinct ideological current in Turkish politics.

Turkish Political Landscape

Established during a period of dynamic political change in Turkey, the MNP emerged to represent a segment of society seeking a more pronounced role for Islamic principles in public life and governance. Its existence marked a critical juncture in the ongoing dialogue between secularism and religious influence in the Turkish Republic.

Historical Significance

As the progenitor of the Millî Görüş ideology, the MNP laid the groundwork for subsequent parties that would play a substantial role in Turkish governance. Understanding the MNP is key to comprehending the evolution of political Islam in Turkey and its enduring impact on the nation's socio-political fabric.

Founding and Establishment

Genesis of the MNP

The National Order Party was officially founded on 26 January 1970. Its establishment was a pivotal moment, marking the formal entry of the Millî Görüş ideology into the organized political sphere of Turkey.

Key Figures

The party was founded by Necmettin Erbakan, a prominent figure in Turkish politics and a leading ideologue of political Islam. His leadership was instrumental in shaping the party's direction and its connection to the broader Millî Görüş movement. The spiritual guidance and support of the Naqshbandi leader Mehmet Zahit Kotku were also crucial in the party's establishment.

Headquarters

The party maintained its central operations from its headquarters located in Ankara, the capital city of Turkey, positioning it at the heart of national political discourse.

Ideological Framework

Core Beliefs

The MNP's ideology was deeply rooted in the Millî Görüş ("National View") movement, advocating for a society guided by Islamic principles. Its platform encompassed a range of political and social tenets:

Millî Görüş: The overarching philosophy emphasizing a return to Islamic values and a rejection of Western secularism.
Islamism: A political ideology that advocates for the implementation of Islamic law and principles in governance and society.
Pan-Islamism: A movement advocating for the unity and solidarity of Muslims worldwide.
Social Conservatism: Adherence to traditional social values, often derived from religious interpretations.
Desecularization: A policy aimed at reducing the strict separation of religion and state, allowing for greater religious influence in public life.
Economic Nationalism: Prioritizing national economic interests, often with a focus on state intervention and protectionist policies.
Statism: A belief in the significant role of the state in economic and social development.

Additionally, the party encompassed factions with specific leanings:

Monarchism: While not a primary focus, some elements within the movement historically held monarchist sympathies.
Reactionism: A tendency to advocate for a return to perceived past glories or traditional structures.

Political Positioning

The National Order Party was broadly categorized as belonging to the far-right of the political spectrum in Turkey. This positioning reflected its conservative social agenda and its emphasis on traditional Islamic values as a counterpoint to prevailing secularist ideologies.

Religious Foundation

The party's identity was intrinsically linked to Sunni Islam, which formed the bedrock of its political and social platform. This religious orientation guided its policy proposals and its vision for Turkish society.

Political Trajectory

Origins and Succession

The National Order Party emerged from a split within the Justice Party (Adalet Partisi), indicating internal political realignments and ideological divergences. Following its closure, the MNP's legacy and organizational structure were carried forward by its successor, the National Salvation Party (Milli Selamet Partisi, MSP), established in October 1972.

Related Parties

The MNP is a key component of the broader Millî Görüş political lineage in Turkey. This movement has seen several iterations of political parties, each building upon the foundational principles established by the MNP. These include the National Salvation Party, the Welfare Party, the Virtue Party, and the Felicity Party, among others.

Legal Status and Dissolution

Constitutional Challenges

The National Order Party's existence was relatively short-lived. On 20 May 1971, the party was formally banned by the Turkish authorities. The grounds for this dissolution were cited as violations of the Turkish Constitution, specifically concerning the articles that mandate secularism (laiklik) in the state's framework.

Impact of the Ban

The closure of the MNP highlighted the constitutional barriers and political sensitivities surrounding religious political movements in Turkey at the time. Despite its dissolution, the underlying ideology and the political network it fostered continued to influence subsequent political organizations.

The Millî Görüş Movement

Roots and Branches

The National Order Party was the inaugural political manifestation of the Millî Görüş movement, a significant ideological current in modern Turkish history. This movement, characterized by its synthesis of Islamic principles and national identity, has seen a continuous evolution through various political parties.

National Order Party (MNP): 1970–1971
National Salvation Party (MSP): 1972–1981
Welfare Party (RP): 1983–1998
Virtue Party (FP): 1998–2001
Felicity Party (SP): 2001–Present
New Welfare Party (YRP): 2018–Present

Authority Control

Standardized Identifiers

To ensure precise identification and facilitate academic research, the National Order Party is cataloged across various international and national authority control databases:

International

VIAF (Virtual International Authority File): 237036981

National

Germany (GND): 7542099-5
United States (Library of Congress): n00046603

Other

IdRef (Identifiants et Référentiels): 176146830
Yale LUX: e4517880-6e4a-42a4-a5c8-fcdb42ee02e3

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References

A full list of references for this article are available at the National Order Party Wikipedia page

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Important Notice

This page was generated by an Artificial Intelligence and is intended for informational and educational purposes only. The content is based on a snapshot of publicly available data from Wikipedia and may not be entirely accurate, complete, or up-to-date.

This is not political advice. The information provided on this website is not a substitute for professional political analysis, historical research, or consultation with qualified experts. Always refer to primary sources and consult with professionals for specific needs. Never disregard professional advice because of something you have read on this website.

The creators of this page are not responsible for any errors or omissions, or for any actions taken based on the information provided herein.

National Order Party

💡 Dive in with Flashcard Learning! 💡

Overview ℹ️

⚖️ Defining the Party

🌍 Turkish Political Landscape

📜 Historical Significance

Founding and Establishment 🏛️

📅 Genesis of the MNP

👤 Key Figures

📍 Headquarters

Ideological Framework 💡

🧠 Core Beliefs

📈 Political Positioning

☪️ Religious Foundation

Political Trajectory ➡️

🔗 Origins and Succession

🌐 Related Parties

Legal Status and Dissolution 🚫

⚖️ Constitutional Challenges

🏛️ Impact of the Ban

The Millî Görüş Movement 🌳

🌱 Roots and Branches

Authority Control 🔗

🗂️ Standardized Identifiers

🌍 International

🇹🇷 National

💡 Other

Teacher's Corner 🧑‍🏫

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References

📜 References

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Disclaimer ⚠️

📜 Important Notice

Dive in with Flashcard Learning!

Overview

Defining the Party

Turkish Political Landscape

Historical Significance

Founding and Establishment

Genesis of the MNP

Key Figures

Headquarters

Ideological Framework

Core Beliefs

Political Positioning

Religious Foundation

Political Trajectory

Origins and Succession

Related Parties

Legal Status and Dissolution

Constitutional Challenges

Impact of the Ban

The Millî Görüş Movement

Roots and Branches

Authority Control

Standardized Identifiers

International

National

Other

Teacher's Corner

True or False?

Test Your Knowledge!

Gamer's Corner

Discover other topics to study!

References

Feedback & Support

Disclaimer

Important Notice