What are the different names for Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines in French, German, and Alsatian?

Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines is known by its French name, Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines. In German, it is called Markirch or Mariakirch, and in Alsatian, it is known as Màrkìrisch.

In which French department and region is Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines located?

Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines is situated in the Haut-Rhin department, within the Grand Est region of north-eastern France. These administrative divisions help locate the commune within the country's broader geographical and political structure.

What is the geographical setting of Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines?

The commune is located in the massif of the Vosges Mountains, occupying the V-shaped valley of the Lièpvrette River. This mountainous terrain influences its climate and landscape.

How can one access Lorraine from Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines by road?

Access to Lorraine from Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines is possible via road over the Col de Sainte-Marie, which stands at 772 meters (2,533 feet), or through the Tunnel Maurice-Lemaire. These routes provide important transportation links through the Vosges Mountains.

Which mountain pass provides access to the Route des Crêtes from Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines?

The Col des Bagenelles, measuring 904 meters (2,966 feet), provides access to the Col du Bonhomme and subsequently to the Route des Crêtes, also known as the Road of the Ridges. This route is famous for its scenic views.

What is the distance and direction from Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines to Ribeauvillé?

Ribeauvillé is located 20 kilometers (12 miles) to the southeast of Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines, accessible via the Col du Haut Ribeauvillé. This indicates proximity to other notable towns in the Alsace region.

How far is Sélestat from Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines, and in which direction?

Sélestat, a significant commercial and political center, is situated 26 kilometers (16 miles) to the east of Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines, along the Liepvrette valley. Its proximity makes it a key reference point for the region.

What river flows through Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines, and what was its former name?

The Lièpvrette River flows through Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines; it was formerly known as the Landbach. This river plays a role in the town's geography and history.

What is the Köppen climate classification for Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines?

According to the Köppen climate classification, Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines experiences an oceanic climate (Cfb), which borders on a humid continental climate (Dfb). This suggests a climate with mild summers and cool winters, typical of mountainous regions.

What are the five municipalities that constitute the Val d'Argent valley?

The Val d'Argent valley comprises five municipalities: Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines, Aubure, Lièpvre, Rombach-le-Franc, and Sainte-Croix-aux-Mines. This valley is a distinct geographical and administrative area.

What was the administrative status of the valley of Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines in 1871?

In 1871, the valley of Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines, which was previously part of the district of Colmar, became incorporated into the district of Ribeauvillé. This change reflects shifts in administrative boundaries.

What historical names were used for Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines in Latin and German?

In early Latin documents, the town was referred to as Fanum S. Mariae or S. Maria ad Fodinas. Its German name was Markirch or Mariakirch. These historical names reflect the town's past linguistic and cultural influences.

What name was given to Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines during the French Revolution?

During Year II of the French Republic, the town was renamed Val-aux-Mines. This renaming was part of a broader effort to secularize and republicanize place names during the French Revolution.

What is the area of Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines?

The commune of Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines covers an area of 45.23 square kilometers (17.46 square miles). This measurement defines the territorial extent of the municipality.

What was the population of Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines in 2022?

As of 2022, the population of Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines was recorded as 4,945. This figure represents the most recent demographic data provided for the commune.

What is the population density of Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines based on its 2022 population?

With a population of 4,945 in 2022 and an area of 45.23 km², the population density is approximately 110 people per square kilometer (280 people per square mile). Density indicates how concentrated the population is within the town's area.

What is the standard time zone observed in Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines?

Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines observes Central European Time (CET), which is UTC+01:00, and switches to Central European Summer Time (CEST), UTC+02:00, during daylight saving periods. This is standard for much of Europe.

What are the INSEE and Postal codes for Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines?

The INSEE code for Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines is 68298, and its postal code is 68160. These codes are essential for administrative and postal services.

What is the elevation range of Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines?

The elevation in Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines ranges from 326 to 1,210 meters (1,070 to 3,970 feet), with an average elevation of 375 meters (1,230 feet). This indicates the commune is situated in a hilly or mountainous area.

How did the coat of arms granted to Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines in 1892 represent the town's history and industry?

The coat of arms granted in 1892 features the arms of Ribeaupierre and Lorraine on either side, surmounted by a central shield with the miners' symbol. This design symbolizes the town's historical geographic and political affiliations prior to the French Revolution, as well as its renowned mining industry.

What military honors has Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines received?

Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines has been awarded the Croix de Guerre 1914–1918 with a palm, and the Croix de guerre 1939–1945 with a vermeil star, indicating recognition for its role during both World Wars. These are significant military decorations.

What is the primary reason for Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines' historical fame?

Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines is historically famous due to its mines and the evolution of the town being closely tied to the exploitation of these mining resources. The mining industry was central to its development.

What is the earliest known historical mention of the town of Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines?

The town of Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines is mentioned for the first time in historical records dating back to 1317. This marks the earliest documented existence of the settlement.

Who was Eddie Slovik, and what is his connection to Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines?

Eddie Slovik, the only U.S. soldier executed for desertion during World War II, was executed by firing squad near Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines on January 31, 1945. His execution is a somber historical event associated with the area.

What is the Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines Mineral Show, and what does it feature?

The Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines Mineral Show, also known as Mineral & Gem, is an international fair dedicated to nature-related arts and mining products. It showcases minerals, fossils, gems, and elaborated stones. It is a major event for collectors and enthusiasts.

When did the Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines Mineral Show originate, and who organized the first exhibition?

The Mineral Show originated in the early 1960s, with the first small mineral exhibition organized by Francois Lehmann. This marked the beginning of an event that would grow significantly over the decades.

How has the Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines Mineral Show evolved since its inception?

Initially a small exhibition, it grew into a tourist attraction, consolidated its dates to the first weekend of July in 1966, gained a professional outlook in 1981, and has been held the last week of June since 1992, now hosting over 900 exhibitors from 60 countries. This shows its increasing scale and international recognition.

What notable person from Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines was a Compagnon de la Libération?

Laure Diebold, who lived from 1915 to 1965, was a Compagnon de la Libération and is associated with Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines. This distinction recognizes her significant contribution to the French Resistance during World War II.

What is the significance of the Lièpvrette River in the town's history and geography?

The Lièpvrette River, formerly called Landbach, flows through Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines, dividing the town into two parts and historically separating two different parishes. Its presence is a defining geographical feature.

What historical claims exist regarding the discovery and early exploitation of mines in the Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines region?

There is a hypothesis, though largely abandoned for lack of evidence, that Gallo-Romans discovered and exploited mines in the area as early as the 2nd or 3rd century CE. Later, in the 10th century, monks noticed the valley's mineral fertility, leading to exploitation that was eventually monopolized by the Echery family.

What role did the monks of Echery play in the early history of mining in the valley?

According to tradition, a monk named Blidulphe, based at Echery's convent near Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines, noticed the valley's mineral fertility. The monks' exploitation of these mines was later challenged and eventually monopolized by the Echery family.

What connection does Bishop Gérard of Toul have with the history of mining in the region?

Bishop Gérard of Toul (963–994) is associated with the silver mines of the Valley of Lièpvre, whose fame reportedly extended beyond Lorraine, and the tithes that the monks of the valley were required to pay. His involvement highlights the long history of mining and its economic importance.

What is the meaning of the French term 'commune' in the context of Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines?

In the context of Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines, 'commune' refers to a basic administrative division in France, similar to a municipality or township, which forms the local government unit. It is the foundational level of French local administration.

What was the administrative structure of the Val d'Argent valley between 1795 and 1802?

Between 1795 and 1802, the Val d'Argent valley was temporarily subdivided into two parts: one comprising only Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines, and the other including the four other municipalities with Sainte-Croix-aux-Mines as its center. This indicates a period of administrative reorganization.

What is the primary function of the INSEE code for a French commune like Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines?

The INSEE code (Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques) is a unique identifier assigned to each French commune, used for statistical purposes and administrative identification. It ensures precise referencing in official data.

What does the 'ib-settlement-caption' div in the infobox typically provide?

The 'ib-settlement-caption' div is used to provide a descriptive caption for an image associated with the settlement, such as the 'Church of Saint Louis' in this case. Captions help identify visual elements.

What is the role of the 'geo-inline' span in the infobox?

The 'geo-inline' span, along with its associated links and coordinates, is used to display and provide access to geographical information about Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines, allowing users to view its location on maps. It provides a standardized way to present geographic data.

What does the 'infobox-label' and 'infobox-data' structure typically represent in the infobox?

The 'infobox-label' column contains descriptive labels for specific data points, while the 'infobox-data' column provides the corresponding factual information for the subject, such as the region, department, or population. This structure organizes key facts clearly.

What is the significance of the 'navbox' element in the context of the Wikipedia article?

The 'navbox' elements, such as the one listing communes of Haut-Rhin, serve as navigational aids, helping users explore related topics and content within the Wikipedia ecosystem. They provide links to other relevant pages.

What does the 'authority-control' navbox typically link to?

The 'authority-control' navbox links to external databases and repositories that provide standardized identifiers and catalog information for the subject, helping to ensure data consistency and facilitate research. These links connect the Wikipedia article to broader knowledge bases.

What is the meaning of the French term 'commune' in the context of Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines?

In the context of Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines, 'commune' refers to a basic administrative division in France, similar to a municipality or township, which forms the local government unit. It is the foundational level of French local administration.

What was the coat of arms of Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines described as in Louis XIV's 'Armorial de la Généralité d'Alsace'?

In Louis XIV's 'Armorial de la Généralité d'Alsace,' the coat of arms for Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines was described as a blue field featuring a silver representation of Our Lady with her feet on a golden mountain. This description highlights its historical heraldry.

What is the significance of the miners' symbol in the current coat of arms of Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines?

The miners' symbol, depicted as two crossed silver-colored mining hammers on a black field, is a key element in the current coat of arms and directly references the historical mining industry for which the town was famous. It serves as a visual representation of its heritage.

What is the relationship between Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines and the Val d'Argent?

Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines is one of the five municipalities that make up the Val d'Argent valley, which is also known as the Silver Valley due to its historical mining activities. This highlights its place within a larger regional context.

What is the purpose of the 'hlist' class used within the navboxes?

The 'hlist' class is used to format lists horizontally, making them more compact and readable within the constrained space of navigation boxes. This improves the visual organization of navigation elements.

What does the 'mw-file-element' attribute on image tags indicate?

The 'mw-file-element' attribute signifies that the image is a standard media file managed by the MediaWiki software, often including attributes like src, width, height, srcset, data-file-width, and data-file-height for proper rendering. It's a technical descriptor for image assets.

What is the function of the 'IPA-label-small' and 'IPA nowrap' classes related to pronunciation?

These classes are used to format the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) transcription of the town's name, providing a small, clear, and nowrap-formatted pronunciation guide for users. This aids in understanding the correct pronunciation.

What does the 'ext-phonos' section with a play button icon represent?

The 'ext-phonos' section provides an audio recording of the pronunciation of the town's name, allowing users to hear how it is spoken. This feature enhances accessibility and understanding of the name's pronunciation.

What is the significance of the 'infobox-subheader' in the town's information?

The 'infobox-subheader' typically provides a brief categorization or description of the subject, such as identifying Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines as a 'Commune' within the context of French administrative divisions. It offers a quick classification of the entity.

What does the 'mergedtoprow' and 'mergedrow' classes in the infobox table structure signify?

These classes are used for styling and structuring the infobox table, particularly for merging cells across rows or columns to create a cleaner layout for related information, such as administrative divisions or time zone details. They help in presenting complex data cohesively.

What does the 'infobox-below' section with a superscript '1' signify?

The 'infobox-below' section, often containing footnotes or disclaimers like the one marked with '1', provides additional context or clarification for data presented in the infobox, such as the specific definition of 'Area' used by French Land Register data. This ensures clarity and accuracy of the presented figures.

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Overview

A Commune in Grand Est

Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines is a commune situated in the Haut-Rhin department within the Grand Est region of northeastern France. Nestled in the Vosges Mountains, it occupies the valley of the Lièpvrette River, historically known as the Val d'Argent (Silver Valley), a name reflecting its rich mining heritage.

A Legacy of Mining and Minerals

The town's identity is deeply intertwined with its past as a significant mining center. This legacy continues to be celebrated through events like the renowned Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines Mineral & Gem show, attracting enthusiasts and professionals worldwide.

Historical Significance

First mentioned in 1317, Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines has a history shaped by its strategic location, its mineral wealth, and its administrative ties to regions like Lorraine and Alsace. Its evolution reflects centuries of European history, from medieval monastic influence to its role in wartime.

Geography

Vosges Mountain Setting

Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines is geographically situated within the massif of the Vosges Mountains. It is strategically located in the V-shaped valley carved by the Lièpvrette River, a waterway that historically divided the town and its former parishes.

Strategic Mountain Passes

The commune serves as a gateway to several important mountain passes. The Col de Sainte-Marie (772 m) and the Tunnel Maurice-Lemaire provide access to Lorraine. Additionally, the Col des Bagenelles (904 m) connects to the Col du Bonhomme and the scenic Route des Crêtes, offering routes through the mountainous terrain.

Proximity to Key Towns

The town's location places it within reasonable proximity to larger regional centers. Sélestat, a significant commercial and administrative hub in the Bas Rhin department, is approximately 26 km (16 miles) to the east via the Lièpvrette valley. Ribeauvillé is located about 20 km (12 miles) to the southeast.

Population Dynamics

Current Demographics

As of 2022, Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines has a population of 4,945 residents. The commune maintains a population density of approximately 110 inhabitants per square kilometer (280 per square mile), reflecting its valley setting amidst the Vosges.

Historical Population Trends

The commune has experienced population fluctuations over the decades. From a peak of 7,417 in 1968, the population has seen a general decline, a trend common in many rural and semi-rural European communities. Detailed historical data is available, illustrating these demographic shifts.

Historical population
Year	Pop.	±% p.a.
1968	7,417	—
1975	6,703	−1.44%
1982	6,358	−0.75%
1990	5,767	−1.21%
1999	5,816	+0.09%
2007	5,570	−0.54%
2012	5,290	−1.03%
2017	5,095	−0.75%
Source: INSEE^[3]

Historical Context

Origins in Mining

The town's development is intrinsically linked to the exploitation of mineral resources in the Val d'Argent. While theories suggest Gallo-Roman activity, documented history points to monastic settlements, such as the convent at Echery, and the subsequent monopolization of mines by local families like the Echerys and the Ribeaupierres. The town itself is first formally mentioned in 1317.

Administrative and Naming Evolution

Historically known by names such as Fanum S. Mariae, S. Maria ad Fodinas, Markirch (German), and Val-aux-Mines during the French Revolution, the town's identity has evolved alongside its administrative affiliations. It was part of the Colmar district before becoming associated with Ribeauvillé in 1871.

Wartime Footprint

Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines also bears a somber historical marker as the site where Eddie Slovik, the only U.S. soldier executed for desertion during World War II, was shot by firing squad on January 31, 1945.

Heraldry and Honors

Evolution of Coats of Arms

The heraldry of Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines reflects its historical influences. An early depiction from Louis XIV's era featured Our Lady on a golden mountain. The current arms, adopted in 1892, combine the heraldry of the Ribeaupierre family and the Duchy of Lorraine, surmounted by the symbolic crossed mining hammers, signifying the town's dual heritage and its mining industry.

Military Decorations

The commune has been recognized for its contributions during wartime. It is a holder of the Croix de Guerre 1914–1918, awarded with a palm for its valor, and the Croix de guerre 1939–1945, distinguished by a vermeil star, acknowledging its service during World War II.

Notable Individuals

Laure Diebold

Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines is the birthplace of Laure Diebold (1915–1965), a distinguished figure recognized as a Compagnon de la Libération. This honor signifies significant contributions to the French Resistance during World War II.

Mineral & Gem Show

An International Gathering

The Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines Mineral Show, now known as Mineral & Gem, is a premier international event celebrating minerals, fossils, and gemstones. Originating in the early 1960s, it has evolved into a major exhibition, typically held in late June, drawing over 900 exhibitors from approximately 60 countries.

A Vibrant Marketplace

The fair transforms the historic streets and buildings of the old town into a bustling marketplace. Hundreds of stands showcase diverse geological treasures, with specialized zones for minerals, fossils, and gems. The event also features conferences, workshops, and guided visits to local mines, reinforcing the town's connection to its mineral heritage.

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References

Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE

A full list of references for this article are available at the Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines Wikipedia page

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Important Notice

This page has been meticulously crafted by an Artificial Intelligence, drawing information exclusively from the provided source text, which is based on publicly available data from Wikipedia. It is intended for educational and informational purposes only.

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This content does not constitute professional advice of any kind. Users are encouraged to consult official documentation and qualified experts for specific needs related to geography, history, or cultural information.

Val d'Argent Unveiled

💡 Dive in with Flashcard Learning! 💡

Overview ℹ️

📍 A Commune in Grand Est

💎 A Legacy of Mining and Minerals

📜 Historical Significance

Geography ⛰️

🏞️ Vosges Mountain Setting

🚗 Strategic Mountain Passes

🏘️ Proximity to Key Towns

Population Dynamics 👥

📊 Current Demographics

📈 Historical Population Trends

Historical Context 📜

⛏️ Origins in Mining

👑 Administrative and Naming Evolution

⚔️ Wartime Footprint

Heraldry and Honors 🛡️

⚜️ Evolution of Coats of Arms

🎖️ Military Decorations

Notable Individuals 👤

⭐ Laure Diebold

Mineral & Gem Show 💎

🌍 An International Gathering

🛍️ A Vibrant Marketplace

Teacher's Corner 🧑‍🏫

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References

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Disclaimer ⚠️

📜 Important Notice

Dive in with Flashcard Learning!

Overview

A Commune in Grand Est

A Legacy of Mining and Minerals

Historical Significance

Geography

Vosges Mountain Setting

Strategic Mountain Passes

Proximity to Key Towns

Population Dynamics

Current Demographics

Historical Population Trends

Historical Context

Origins in Mining

Administrative and Naming Evolution

Wartime Footprint

Heraldry and Honors

Evolution of Coats of Arms

Military Decorations

Notable Individuals

Laure Diebold

Mineral & Gem Show

An International Gathering

A Vibrant Marketplace

Teacher's Corner

True or False?

Test Your Knowledge!

Gamer's Corner

Discover other topics to study!

References

Feedback & Support

Disclaimer

Important Notice