What constitutional amendment granted the District of Columbia the right to participate in presidential elections, and when was it enacted?

The Twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution, enacted in 1961, granted the District of Columbia the right to participate in presidential elections. This amendment allows the District to appoint electors in the same manner as a state, but with a limitation.

How many electoral votes is the District of Columbia allocated in presidential elections?

Since the ratification of the Twenty-third Amendment in 1961, the District of Columbia has been allocated three electoral votes in every presidential election. This number is the minimum allocated to any state, as stipulated by the amendment.

What is the limitation placed on the District of Columbia's electoral vote allocation?

The Twenty-third Amendment stipulates that the District of Columbia cannot have more electoral votes than the least populous U.S. state. Therefore, its electoral vote count is capped at the number assigned to the state with the smallest number of electors.

How many presidential elections has the District of Columbia participated in since the 23rd Amendment?

Since the enactment of the Twenty-third Amendment in 1961, the District of Columbia has participated in 16 presidential elections.

What is the general political leaning of the District of Columbia in presidential elections?

The District of Columbia demonstrates strong support for the Democratic Party in presidential elections. It has overwhelmingly voted for the Democratic candidate in all 16 presidential elections since 1961, with no margin being less than 56.5 percentage points.

In how many presidential elections has the District of Columbia voted for the losing candidate?

In 9 out of the 16 presidential elections since 1961, the District of Columbia has voted for the candidate who ultimately lost the election.

What notable event occurred with the District of Columbia's electoral vote in the 2000 presidential election?

In the 2000 presidential election, Barbara Lett-Simmons, an elector for the District of Columbia, cast a blank ballot. This was a protest against the District's lack of voting representation in the U.S. Congress, resulting in Al Gore receiving only two of the District's three electoral votes.

What was the outcome of the 2016 statehood referendum in Washington, D.C.?

In 2016, a statehood referendum was held in Washington, D.C., and 85.7% of the registered voters approved it. This referendum indicated significant support for making the District a state.

What is the National Popular Vote Interstate Compact, and how does it relate to the District of Columbia?

The National Popular Vote Interstate Compact is an agreement among U.S. states and the District of Columbia to award all their electoral votes to the presidential candidate who wins the national popular vote. The District of Columbia is a signatory to this compact, though it has not yet gone into effect as of 2025.

What does the symbol of a double dagger (‡) signify in the election results table?

The symbol of a double dagger (‡) in the election results table indicates that the candidate was the national winner of that particular presidential election.

What were the results of the 1964 presidential election in the District of Columbia?

In the 1964 presidential election, Lyndon B. Johnson (D) won the District of Columbia with 169,796 votes (85.5%), while Barry Goldwater (R) received 28,801 votes (14.5%). Johnson was the national winner, and D.C. cast 3 electoral votes for him.

Who won the popular vote in the District of Columbia in the 1968 presidential election, and what percentage of the vote did they receive?

Hubert Humphrey of the Democratic Party won the popular vote in the District of Columbia in the 1968 presidential election, receiving 139,566 votes, which accounted for 81.82% of the total votes cast in the district. Richard Nixon (R) was the runner-up with 31,012 votes (18.18%).

How did the District of Columbia vote in the 1972 presidential election?

In the 1972 presidential election, George McGovern (D) won the District of Columbia with 127,627 votes (78.1%). Richard Nixon (R), the national winner, received 35,226 votes (21.56%) in the District. Linda Jenness (SW) received 316 votes (0.19%).

What were the vote counts for the main candidates in the 1976 presidential election in the District of Columbia?

In the 1976 presidential election, Jimmy Carter (D) received 137,818 votes (81.63%) in the District of Columbia. Gerald Ford (R) received 27,873 votes (16.51%). Peter Camejo (SW) received 545 votes (0.32%).

Which presidential candidates received votes in the District of Columbia in the 1980 election, and what were their vote shares?

In the 1980 presidential election, Jimmy Carter (D) received the most votes in the District of Columbia with 130,231 (74.32%). Ronald Reagan (R), the national winner, received 23,313 votes (13.3%). John B. Anderson (I) received 16,131 votes (9.21%).

How did the District of Columbia vote in the 1984 presidential election, and who was the national winner?

In the 1984 presidential election, Walter Mondale (D) won the District of Columbia with 180,408 votes (85.38%). Ronald Reagan (R), who won the national election, received 29,009 votes (13.73%) in the District. David Bergland (LI) received 279 votes (0.13%).

What were the results for the Democratic and Republican candidates in the 1988 presidential election in D.C.?

In the 1988 presidential election, Michael Dukakis (D) received 159,407 votes (82.65%) in the District of Columbia. George H. W. Bush (R), the national winner, received 27,590 votes (14.3%). Lenora Fulani (NA) received 2,901 votes (1.5%).

Who won the District of Columbia's vote in the 1992 presidential election, and what percentage did they achieve?

Bill Clinton (D) won the District of Columbia's vote in the 1992 presidential election with 192,619 votes, representing 84.64% of the vote. George H. W. Bush (R) received 20,698 votes (9.1%), and Ross Perot (I) received 9,681 votes (4.25%). Clinton was also the national winner.

What was the outcome of the 1996 presidential election in the District of Columbia?

In the 1996 presidential election, Bill Clinton (D) won the District of Columbia with 158,220 votes (85.19%). Bob Dole (R) received 17,339 votes (9.34%), and Ralph Nader (G) received 4,780 votes (2.57%). Clinton was the national winner.

How did the District of Columbia vote in the 2000 presidential election, considering the elector abstention?

In the 2000 presidential election, Al Gore (D) received 171,923 votes (85.16%) in the District of Columbia, although one elector abstained, meaning Gore was officially credited with only two electoral votes. George W. Bush (R), the national winner, received 18,073 votes (8.95%), and Ralph Nader (G) received 10,576 votes (5.24%).

What were the results of the 2004 presidential election in the District of Columbia?

In the 2004 presidential election, John Kerry (D) won the District of Columbia with 202,970 votes (89.18%). George W. Bush (R), the national winner, received 21,256 votes (9.34%). Ralph Nader (I) received 1,485 votes (0.65%).

Which candidate received the highest percentage of votes in the District of Columbia in the 2008 presidential election?

Barack Obama (D) received the highest percentage of votes in the District of Columbia in the 2008 presidential election, securing 92.46% with 245,800 votes. John McCain (R) received 17,367 votes (6.53%), and Ralph Nader (I) received 1,138 votes (0.43%). Obama was the national winner.

What were the vote shares for the Democratic and Republican candidates in the 2012 presidential election in D.C.?

In the 2012 presidential election, Barack Obama (D) received 90.91% of the vote in the District of Columbia with 267,070 votes. Mitt Romney (R) received 21,381 votes (7.28%), and Jill Stein (G) received 2,458 votes (0.84%). Obama was the national winner.

How did the District of Columbia vote in the 2016 presidential election, and what was the Republican candidate's performance?

In the 2016 presidential election, Hillary Clinton (D) won the District of Columbia with 282,830 votes (90.86%). Donald Trump (R), who won the national election, received 12,723 votes (4.09%) in the District. Gary Johnson (LI) received 4,906 votes (1.58%).

What were the results for Joe Biden and Donald Trump in the 2020 presidential election in the District of Columbia?

In the 2020 presidential election, Joe Biden (D) won the District of Columbia with 317,323 votes (92.15%). Donald Trump (R) received 18,586 votes (5.4%). Jo Jorgensen (LI) received 2,036 votes (0.59%). Biden was the national winner.

What were the results for Kamala Harris and Donald Trump in the 2024 presidential election in the District of Columbia?

In the 2024 presidential election, Kamala Harris (D) won the District of Columbia with 294,185 votes (90.28%). Donald Trump (R), the national winner, received 21,076 votes (6.47%). Robert F. Kennedy Jr. (I) received 2,778 votes (0.85%).

What is the definition of an 'other candidate' as noted in the election results table?

According to the notes for the election results table, an 'other candidate' is defined as the person who received the third-most votes in the District of Columbia for that specific election. The total votes for the winner, runner-up, and this 'other candidate' do not sum to the total votes cast because votes for any remaining candidates or write-ins are not included in that calculation.

What does the infobox indicate about the number of elections the District of Columbia has voted in and the party affiliations of the winners?

The infobox states that the District of Columbia has participated in 16 presidential elections. It also indicates that the Democratic Party has won all 16 of these elections, while the Republican Party has won 0, and no other parties have won. Furthermore, the District has voted for the winning candidate in 7 of these elections and for the losing candidate in 9.

What is the significance of the map image accompanying the article?

The map image is a locator map of the United States with the District of Columbia highlighted, visually indicating the geographical context of the subject matter.

What is the purpose of the 'See also' section in the article?

The 'See also' section provides links to related articles, such as 'Elections in the District of Columbia,' 'United States House of Representatives elections in the District of Columbia,' 'United States Senate elections in the District of Columbia,' and 'List of United States presidential election results by state,' to allow readers to explore related topics.

What is the status of the graph mentioned in the article regarding election results?

The article notes that the graph showing the margin of victory between the Democratic and Republican parties is using a legacy Graph extension that is no longer supported. It indicates that the graph needs to be converted to the newer Chart extension.

What movements related to the District of Columbia's political status are mentioned in the text?

The text mentions statehood movements in the District of Columbia, with advocates aiming to make the district a state. It also references a statehood referendum in 2016, which was approved by a significant majority of voters.

What is the historical trend of the Democratic Party's performance in D.C. presidential elections since 1964?

Since 1964, the Democratic Party has consistently won the presidential election in the District of Columbia by substantial margins. The percentage of votes for the Democratic candidate has generally been very high, often exceeding 80% and reaching over 90% in several elections, such as 2008, 2012, 2016, 2020, and 2024.

How has the District of Columbia's voting pattern compared to the national outcome in presidential elections?

The District of Columbia has voted for the losing candidate in 9 out of the 16 presidential elections since 1961. This indicates a consistent divergence between the District's preference and the national outcome in more than half of the elections it has participated in.

What does the table reveal about the Republican Party's performance in D.C. presidential elections since 1964?

The table shows that the Republican Party has never won the popular vote in the District of Columbia in any presidential election since 1964. Their vote share has consistently been in the minority, ranging from approximately 14.5% in 1964 to as low as approximately 4.09% in 2016, although it has fluctuated over the years.

What role do third-party or independent candidates play in D.C. presidential elections, based on the table?

Third-party and independent candidates have received votes in D.C. presidential elections, though typically in smaller percentages compared to the major parties. Examples include John B. Anderson (I) in 1980, Ross Perot (I) in 1992, Ralph Nader (G) in multiple elections (1996, 2000, 2004, 2008), Jill Stein (G) in 2012, Gary Johnson (LI) in 2016, Jo Jorgensen (LI) in 2020, and Robert F. Kennedy Jr. (I) in 2024. In 2016, Donald Trump received fewer votes than third-party candidates combined, according to the introductory text.

What is the overall trend in voter turnout or vote counts for presidential elections in the District of Columbia, based on the table?

The vote counts generally show an increasing trend over the decades, particularly for the winning Democratic candidates, with figures often exceeding 200,000 votes in recent elections (e.g., 2004, 2008, 2012, 2016, 2020, 2024). This suggests a growing or consistent voter participation base for the Democratic Party in the District.

What does the infobox state about the number of elections where the District voted for the winning candidate versus the losing candidate?

The infobox indicates that the District of Columbia has voted for the winning candidate in 7 out of the 16 presidential elections it has participated in since 1961. Conversely, it has voted for the losing candidate in 9 of those elections.

What specific detail is provided about Donald Trump's vote share in D.C. in the 2016 election?

In the 2016 presidential election, Donald Trump, the Republican candidate who ultimately won the presidency, received fewer total votes in the District of Columbia than all third-party candidates combined. He garnered 12,723 votes, while third-party candidates collectively received more.

What is the significance of the party color coding in the election results table?

The party color coding in the election results table visually represents the political party affiliation of each candidate. For instance, the Democratic Party is associated with blue (#3333FF), the Republican Party with red (#E81B23), the Green Party with green (#17aa5c), and Independent candidates with gray (#DCDCDC), making it easier to track party performance.

How many elections are listed in the main results table, and what is the time span covered?

The main results table lists 16 presidential elections, starting from 1964 and concluding with the 2024 election. This covers all presidential elections in which the District of Columbia has been eligible to vote since the ratification of the 23rd Amendment.

What does the 'Notes' section clarify regarding vote totals?

The 'Notes' section clarifies that the sum of votes for the winner, runner-up, and the 'other candidate' (defined as the third-place finisher) does not equal the total votes cast in an election. This is because votes for any remaining candidates or write-ins are not included in these specific tallies.

What is the primary function of the infobox at the beginning of the article?

The infobox provides a concise summary of key statistics regarding presidential elections in the District of Columbia. It includes the total number of elections, the number of times the district voted Democratic, Republican, or for other parties, and how often it voted for the winning or losing candidate nationally.

What does the article suggest about the future of D.C. statehood?

The article mentions ongoing statehood movements in the District of Columbia and references a successful 2016 referendum on the issue. It also cites recent news articles from 2021 discussing the push for D.C. statehood, indicating it is a current political topic.

Which presidential election marked the first time the District of Columbia participated in a presidential election?

The District of Columbia participated in its first presidential election in 1964, following the ratification of the Twenty-third Amendment in 1961.

What is the significance of the 'voted for winning candidate' and 'voted for losing candidate' data points in the infobox?

These data points highlight how often the District of Columbia's electoral choices aligned with the eventual national winner of the presidential election. Voting for the winning candidate in 7 elections and the losing candidate in 9 elections shows that D.C.'s electoral outcome has diverged from the national result more often than it has aligned since 1961.

What does the article imply about the District of Columbia's electoral vote count in relation to state representation?

The article implies that the District of Columbia's electoral vote count is fixed at three, based on the Twenty-third Amendment, which ties it to the representation of the least populous state. This is distinct from how states gain or lose electoral votes based on population changes.

How is the District of Columbia's voting behavior in presidential elections characterized in the text?

The District of Columbia's voting behavior in presidential elections is characterized by overwhelming support for the Democratic Party, consistent participation since 1961, and a tendency to vote for the losing national candidate more often than the winner.

What specific percentage margin did the Democratic candidate win by in the District of Columbia, according to the text?

The text states that the Democratic candidate has won the District of Columbia in every presidential election since 1961 with a margin of no less than 56.5 percentage points.

What does the presence of multiple references and citations suggest about the data presented?

The numerous references and citations indicate that the data presented in the article, particularly the election results, is well-documented and sourced from reputable sources such as election archives, government publications, and established historical data compilations.

What is the overall narrative presented regarding the District of Columbia's role in U.S. presidential elections?

The overall narrative is that the District of Columbia, since gaining the right to vote in presidential elections via the 23rd Amendment, has consistently voted overwhelmingly Democratic, often differing from the national outcome, and holds a fixed number of three electoral votes tied to the least populous state.

United States Presidential Elections In The District Of Columbia Wiki: The District's Ballot: A Deep Dive into DC Presidential Elections

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Overview

Electoral Participation

Following the ratification of the Twenty-third Amendment to the Constitution in 1961, the District of Columbia has participated in sixteen presidential elections. This amendment stipulates that the District's electoral vote allocation cannot exceed that of the least populous state, resulting in a consistent allocation of three electoral votes for each election since its enactment.

Voting Trends

The District of Columbia exhibits a pronounced dominance of the Democratic Party in its political landscape. Across all sixteen presidential elections since 1964, the District has consistently favored the Democratic candidate, with victory margins never falling below 56.5 percentage points. In nine of these sixteen contests, the District's electoral votes were cast for the candidate who ultimately lost the national election.

Representation and Protest

In the 2000 presidential election, an elector from the District, Barbara Lett-Simmons, abstained from casting her vote as a protest against the District's lack of full congressional representation. Contemporary movements advocating for statehood in the District of Columbia continue to press for its admission as a state, reflecting ongoing debates about political equity.

Historical Context

Constitutional Foundation

The District of Columbia's participation in presidential elections is rooted in the Twenty-third Amendment, ratified in 1961. This amendment granted the District electors in the Electoral College, treating it similarly to a state for presidential election purposes, albeit with a cap on its electoral vote count equivalent to the least populous state.

Consistent Democratic Support

Since its first presidential election participation in 1964, the District has voted overwhelmingly for the Democratic nominee in every election. This consistent pattern underscores the District's strong partisan alignment, with significant margins of victory for Democratic candidates in each contest.

Advocacy for Representation

The District's unique political status, lacking voting representation in Congress, has been a recurring theme. The symbolic abstention of an elector in 2000 and the persistent statehood movements highlight the ongoing efforts to achieve full political parity for the District's residents.

Election Data

Summary Statistics

The District of Columbia has participated in 16 presidential elections since 1964. In all these elections, the Democratic candidate has secured the District's electoral votes. The Republican candidate has received zero electoral votes from the District, and no votes have been cast for other candidates.

1964 Election

Winner: Lyndon B. Johnson (D)
Votes: 169,976
Percentage: 85.5%
Runner-up: Barry Goldwater (R)
Votes: 28,801
Percentage: 14.5%
Electoral Votes: 3

1968 Election

Winner: Hubert Humphrey (D)
Votes: 139,566
Percentage: 81.82%
Runner-up: Richard Nixon (R)
Votes: 31,012
Percentage: 18.18%
Electoral Votes: 3

1972 Election

Winner: George McGovern (D)
Votes: 127,627
Percentage: 78.1%
Runner-up: Richard Nixon (R)
Votes: 35,226
Percentage: 21.56%
Other: Linda Jenness (SW)
Votes: 316
Percentage: 0.19%
Electoral Votes: 3

1976 Election

Winner: Jimmy Carter (D)
Votes: 137,818
Percentage: 81.63%
Runner-up: Gerald Ford (R)
Votes: 27,873
Percentage: 16.51%
Other: Peter Camejo (SW)
Votes: 545
Percentage: 0.32%
Electoral Votes: 3

1980 Election

Winner: Jimmy Carter (D)
Votes: 130,231
Percentage: 74.32%
Runner-up: Ronald Reagan (R)
Votes: 23,313
Percentage: 13.3%
Other: John B. Anderson (I)
Votes: 16,131
Percentage: 9.21%
Electoral Votes: 3

1984 Election

Winner: Walter Mondale (D)
Votes: 180,408
Percentage: 85.38%
Runner-up: Ronald Reagan (R)
Votes: 29,009
Percentage: 13.73%
Other: David Bergland (LI)
Votes: 279
Percentage: 0.13%
Electoral Votes: 3

1988 Election

Winner: Michael Dukakis (D)
Votes: 159,407
Percentage: 82.65%
Runner-up: George H. W. Bush (R)
Votes: 27,590
Percentage: 14.3%
Other: Lenora Fulani (NA)
Votes: 2,901
Percentage: 1.5%
Electoral Votes: 3

1992 Election

Winner: Bill Clinton (D)
Votes: 192,619
Percentage: 84.64%
Runner-up: George H. W. Bush (R)
Votes: 20,698
Percentage: 9.1%
Other: Ross Perot (I)
Votes: 9,681
Percentage: 4.25%
Electoral Votes: 3

1996 Election

Winner: Bill Clinton (D)
Votes: 158,220
Percentage: 85.19%
Runner-up: Bob Dole (R)
Votes: 17,339
Percentage: 9.34%
Other: Ralph Nader (G)
Votes: 4,780
Percentage: 2.57%
Electoral Votes: 3

2000 Election

Winner: Al Gore (D)
Votes: 171,923
Percentage: 85.16%
Runner-up: George W. Bush (R)
Votes: 18,073
Percentage: 8.95%
Other: Ralph Nader (G)
Votes: 10,576
Percentage: 5.24%
Electoral Votes: 2 (due to elector abstention)

2004 Election

Winner: John Kerry (D)
Votes: 202,970
Percentage: 89.18%
Runner-up: George W. Bush (R)
Votes: 21,256
Percentage: 9.34%
Other: Ralph Nader (I)
Votes: 1,485
Percentage: 0.65%
Electoral Votes: 3

2008 Election

Winner: Barack Obama (D)
Votes: 245,800
Percentage: 92.46%
Runner-up: John McCain (R)
Votes: 17,367
Percentage: 6.53%
Other: Ralph Nader (I)
Votes: 1,138
Percentage: 0.43%
Electoral Votes: 3

2012 Election

Winner: Barack Obama (D)
Votes: 267,070
Percentage: 90.91%
Runner-up: Mitt Romney (R)
Votes: 21,381
Percentage: 7.28%
Other: Jill Stein (G)
Votes: 2,458
Percentage: 0.84%
Electoral Votes: 3

2016 Election

Winner: Hillary Clinton (D)
Votes: 282,830
Percentage: 90.86%
Runner-up: Donald Trump (R)
Votes: 12,723
Percentage: 4.09%
Other: Gary Johnson (LI)
Votes: 4,906
Percentage: 1.58%
Electoral Votes: 3

2020 Election

Winner: Joe Biden (D)
Votes: 317,323
Percentage: 92.15%
Runner-up: Donald Trump (R)
Votes: 18,586
Percentage: 5.4%
Other: Jo Jorgensen (LI)
Votes: 2,036
Percentage: 0.59%
Electoral Votes: 3

2024 Election

Winner: Kamala Harris (D)
Votes: 294,185
Percentage: 90.28%
Runner-up: Donald Trump (R)
Votes: 21,076
Percentage: 6.47%
Other: Robert F. Kennedy Jr. (I)
Votes: 2,778
Percentage: 0.85%
Electoral Votes: 3

Electoral Analysis

Margin of Victory

The District of Columbia consistently delivers substantial victory margins for the Democratic Party in presidential elections. The smallest margin observed since 1964 was 56.5 percentage points in 1964, while the largest was 92.46 percentage points in 2008. This reflects a strong and stable partisan preference.

Winner vs. District Vote

In 9 out of the 16 elections analyzed, the District of Columbia's preferred candidate (the Democratic nominee) was not the national winner. This phenomenon, where the District's electoral votes went to the losing presidential candidate, highlights the divergence between the District's political leanings and the national electoral outcome.

Third-Party Influence

While the Democratic candidate consistently wins the District, third-party candidates have occasionally garnered notable vote shares. For instance, in 2000, Ralph Nader received over 10,000 votes, and in 2016, Gary Johnson secured nearly 5,000 votes. This indicates a segment of the electorate that may not align with either major party.

Political Landscape

Party Strength

The Democratic Party holds a commanding majority in voter registration and electoral performance within the District of Columbia. This overwhelming support is a defining characteristic of the District's political identity, shaping its representation and policy priorities.

Statehood Movement

The District's lack of voting representation in the U.S. Congress fuels a persistent statehood movement. Advocates argue that granting statehood would rectify this democratic deficit, providing full political rights to the District's residents. Referendums supporting statehood have passed with significant majorities.

National Popular Vote

The District of Columbia is a signatory to the National Popular Vote Interstate Compact. This agreement aims to ensure the presidency is awarded to the candidate who wins the national popular vote, regardless of the Electoral College outcome. The compact's activation is contingent upon ratification by a sufficient number of states.

Civic Engagement

The Twenty-third Amendment

Ratified in 1961, the Twenty-third Amendment was pivotal, granting the District of Columbia electoral votes for presidential elections. This amendment recognized the civic rights of District residents to participate in the election of the President and Vice President, albeit with limitations on the number of electors.

Voter Turnout

Voter turnout in the District of Columbia is generally robust, reflecting a high level of civic engagement among its residents. The consistent participation underscores the importance District voters place on presidential elections, even within a predictable partisan outcome.

Electoral Protests

The District's unique political status has occasionally led to symbolic acts of protest related to electoral processes. The abstention of an elector in 2000 serves as a notable example, drawing attention to the ongoing debate regarding the District's representation in the federal government.

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References

Abstention from one elector[33]

A full list of references for this article are available at the United States presidential elections in the District of Columbia Wikipedia page

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This page was generated by an Artificial Intelligence and is intended for informational and educational purposes only. The content is based on a snapshot of publicly available data from Wikipedia and may not be entirely accurate, complete, or up-to-date.

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The District's Ballot

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Overview ℹ️

🏛️ Electoral Participation

📊 Voting Trends

⚖️ Representation and Protest

Historical Context 📜

📜 Constitutional Foundation

🗳️ Consistent Democratic Support

✊ Advocacy for Representation

Election Data 📊

📈 Summary Statistics

🏆 1964 Election

🏆 1968 Election

🏆 1972 Election

🏆 1976 Election

🏆 1980 Election

🏆 1984 Election

🏆 1988 Election

🏆 1992 Election

🏆 1996 Election

🏆 2000 Election

🏆 2004 Election

🏆 2008 Election

🏆 2012 Election

🏆 2016 Election

🏆 2020 Election

🏆 2024 Election

Electoral Analysis 📈

📊 Margin of Victory

⚖️ Winner vs. District Vote

⭐ Third-Party Influence

Political Landscape 🗳️

🏛️ Party Strength

🇺🇸 Statehood Movement

🤝 National Popular Vote

Civic Engagement 🇺🇸

⚖️ The Twenty-third Amendment

🗣️ Voter Turnout

📢 Electoral Protests

Teacher's Corner 🧑‍🏫

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Disclaimer ⚠️

📜 Important Notice

Dive in with Flashcard Learning!

Overview

Electoral Participation

Voting Trends

Representation and Protest

Historical Context

Constitutional Foundation

Consistent Democratic Support

Advocacy for Representation

Election Data

Summary Statistics

1964 Election

1968 Election

1972 Election

1976 Election

1980 Election

1984 Election

1988 Election

1992 Election

1996 Election

2000 Election

2004 Election

2008 Election

2012 Election

2016 Election

2020 Election

2024 Election

Electoral Analysis

Margin of Victory

Winner vs. District Vote

Third-Party Influence

Political Landscape

Party Strength

Statehood Movement

National Popular Vote

Civic Engagement

The Twenty-third Amendment

Voter Turnout

Electoral Protests

Teacher's Corner

True or False?

Test Your Knowledge!

Gamer's Corner

Discover other topics to study!

References

Feedback & Support

Disclaimer

Important Notice