Barclays Enfield
An exploration of the historically significant Barclays Bank building in Enfield, London, detailing its architectural features and its pivotal role in hosting the world's first Automated Teller Machine (ATM).
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Architectural Heritage
Origins and Design
The building at 20 The Town, Enfield, originally served as the London and Provincial Bank. Established in 1875, it was the first bank branch in Enfield. In 1894, the bank acquired the site of the Greyhound Inn and adjacent properties in Enfield Market Square. An architectural competition was held in 1896, resulting in a design by London architect William Gillbee Scott. His plans, published in The Builder in January 1897, showcased a Flemish Renaissance style.
Construction and Style
Constructed by Alan Fairhead and Son, the bank was completed in December 1897. The edifice is characterized by its red brickwork, employing Flemish bond, and features stone dressings that fully adorn the ground floor's front elevation. The architectural style is distinctly Flemish Renaissance, reflecting a period of interest in historical European aesthetics for prominent public buildings.
Evolution and Listing
In 1918, the London and Provincial Bank was acquired by Barclays Bank. Over the decades, the interior has undergone significant alterations, including a redesign in 1919 and the reduction of the original double-height banking hall to a single storey. A block of offices was added to the rear in the mid-twentieth century. In recognition of its historical and architectural significance, the building was designated a Grade II listed structure in March 2023, noted for its group value with the adjacent Old Vestry Office.
The Dawn of Digital Banking
Invention and Installation
The Barclays Bank branch in Enfield holds a unique place in financial history as the site of the world's first Automated Teller Machine (ATM). Invented by John Shepherd-Barron, the machine was installed on the western side of the building and officially opened on June 27, 1967, by the notable Enfield resident and actor, Reg Varney. This innovation marked a fundamental shift in banking accessibility.
Early Operation and Significance
The initial ATM allowed customers to withdraw a maximum of £10 per transaction. Users were required to purchase a special paper voucher beforehand, which they would then insert into the machine along with a personal identification number (PIN). The Enfield branch was strategically chosen for this pioneering installation due to factors such as favorable planning permission prospects, suitable facade characteristics, and a diverse banking clientele.
Commemoration
Fifty years after this groundbreaking event, in 2017, Barclays commemorated the 50th anniversary of the first ATM. A distinctive gold-coloured ATM and an commemorative plaque were installed at the original site, serving as a lasting tribute to the technological milestone achieved at this historic location.
Visual Archive
Date Stone
A photograph capturing the inscribed date stone on the building's facade, indicating its construction period and historical context.
Market Square View
An image showcasing the bank as viewed from Enfield Market Square, providing perspective on its integration within the local urban landscape.
Street Position
A photograph illustrating the bank's position along The Town, highlighting its prominent location within the commercial streetscape.
Interior Perspective
A view of the bank's interior from October 2016, offering a glimpse into its operational spaces following various modifications over time.
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Disclaimer
Important Notice
This page has been generated by an Artificial Intelligence and is intended solely for informational and educational purposes. The content is derived from a snapshot of publicly available data from Wikipedia and may not be entirely accurate, complete, or current.
This is not professional advice. The information presented herein does not constitute financial, architectural, or historical consultation. Users should consult official documentation and qualified professionals for specific inquiries related to banking, architecture, or historical matters. Reliance on any information provided on this website is solely at the user's own risk.
The creators of this page assume no responsibility for any errors or omissions, or for any actions taken based upon the information provided.