What was Victor Pasmore's full name and his notable post-nominal letters?

Victor Pasmore's full name was Edwin John Victor Pasmore. He was recognized with the honors of Member of the Order of the Companions of Honour (CH) and Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE).

When and where was Victor Pasmore born, and where did he pass away?

Victor Pasmore was born on December 3, 1908, in Chelsham, Surrey, England. He died on January 23, 1998, in Gudja, Malta, at the age of 89.

What educational institutions did Victor Pasmore attend?

Victor Pasmore attended Harrow School for his formal education. His higher art education included studying part-time at the Central School of Art, which served as his alma mater.

What artistic styles are associated with Victor Pasmore?

Victor Pasmore is primarily associated with the styles of Abstraction and Constructivism. These styles marked a significant shift in his artistic development and his contribution to British art.

Who was Victor Pasmore's spouse, and how many children did they have?

Victor Pasmore was married to the artist Wendy Blood. They had two children, a son and a daughter.

What significant award did Victor Pasmore receive in 1961?

In 1961, Victor Pasmore was recognized with an award at the Venice Biennale, a prestigious international exhibition of contemporary art.

Describe the 'Apollo Pavilion' mentioned in relation to Victor Pasmore.

The 'Apollo Pavilion' is a public art structure designed by Victor Pasmore located in Peterlee. It became a central, albeit controversial, feature of the town's design and was later restored in 2009.

What is the significance of Victor Pasmore's contribution to British art in the mid-20th century?

Victor Pasmore was a pioneering figure in the development of abstract art in Britain during the 1940s and 1950s. He played a key role in reviving interest in Constructivism after World War II.

What does the image captioned 'Abstract by Pasmore' represent?

The image captioned 'Abstract by Pasmore' depicts an abstract artwork created by Victor Pasmore, showcasing his exploration of non-representational forms and compositions.

What circumstances led Victor Pasmore to take an administrative job after his father's death?

Following the death of his father in 1927, Victor Pasmore was compelled to leave his studies and take up an administrative position at the London County Council to support himself.

What was Victor Pasmore's stance during World War II, and what were the consequences?

During World War II, Victor Pasmore was a conscientious objector. After being refused recognition by his Local Tribunal and subsequently court-martialed for refusing orders, he was sentenced to imprisonment but eventually granted unconditional exemption from military service by an Appellate Tribunal.

How did Victor Pasmore's early artistic style relate to historical artists?

In his early figurative years, Victor Pasmore painted views of the River Thames from Hammersmith in a style reminiscent of artists like J.M.W. Turner and James McNeill Whistler, focusing on atmospheric and light-filled landscapes.

Which London gallery hosted one of Victor Pasmore's early exhibitions, and what were his influences during this period?

One of Victor Pasmore's early exhibitions was held at the Zwemmer gallery in London in 1934. During this figurative period, his work was influenced by the styles of Claude Monet and Paul Cézanne.

What inspired Victor Pasmore's transition to abstract art?

Victor Pasmore's break into abstract art was inspired by the writings and artistic philosophies of Piet Mondrian and Paul Klee, particularly their ideas about nature and the creation of dynamic harmony in art as a reflection of societal harmony.

Who were some key figures and movements that influenced Pasmore's abstract work starting around 1947?

Beginning in 1947, Pasmore developed his purely abstract style under the influence of Ben Nicholson and other artists associated with the publication Circle. This period marked him as a leading figure in the revival of Constructivism in Britain after the war.

What materials and scale did Victor Pasmore explore in his abstract work?

In his abstract work, Victor Pasmore pioneered the use of new materials and techniques, often working in collage and creating construction reliefs. Some of his pieces were also executed on a large, architectural scale.

How did Herbert Read characterize Victor Pasmore's shift to abstract art?

Herbert Read described Victor Pasmore's new abstract style as The most revolutionary event in post-war British art, highlighting its significant impact and novelty.

What were some of Victor Pasmore's early commissions for abstract murals?

Victor Pasmore received commissions for abstract murals, including one for a bus depot in Kingston upon Thames in 1950 and another for the Festival of Britain in 1951.

How did Victor Pasmore contribute to the This Is Tomorrow exhibition?

Victor Pasmore contributed a constructivist structure to the This Is Tomorrow exhibition. He collaborated on this piece with Ernő Goldfinger and Helen Phillips, and he had previously supported Richard Hamilton by offering him a teaching position in Newcastle.

What role did Victor Pasmore play in the development of Peterlee?

In 1955, Victor Pasmore was appointed Consulting Director of Architectural Design for the Peterlee development corporation. In this capacity, he designed the abstract public art structure known as the Apollo Pavilion, which became a focal point of the town's design.

What was the reception and later fate of Victor Pasmore's Apollo Pavilion in Peterlee?

The Apollo Pavilion, designed by Victor Pasmore, faced local criticism regarding the failures of the Development Corporation responsible for the town's planning. Despite this, Pasmore defended his work publicly. The structure later underwent restoration in 2009, supported by the Heritage Lottery Fund, after years of neglect.

In which major international art events did Victor Pasmore participate or represent Britain?

Victor Pasmore represented Britain at the 1961 Venice Biennale and was a participating artist at Documenta II in Kassel in 1959.

What connection did Victor Pasmore have with the Tate Gallery?

Victor Pasmore served as a trustee of the Tate Gallery and also donated several of his works to its collection.

What was Victor Pasmore's relationship with the art of J.M.W. Turner?

Victor Pasmore lectured on J.M.W. Turner, viewing him as the first of the moderns. He was also elected a vice president of the Turner Society in 1975.

What was Victor Pasmore's broader impact on art education in the UK?

Victor Pasmore was a significant figure in advocating for abstract art and reforming the fine art education system in the UK. He developed a radical art and design course at Kings College, University of Durham, inspired by the Bauhaus, which became a model for higher arts education across the country.

Where did Victor Pasmore teach between 1943 and 1949, and what advice did he give a notable student?

Victor Pasmore taught at the Camberwell School of Art from 1943 to 1949. He advised his student Terry Frost to focus on studying works in the National Gallery rather than solely relying on the school's formal teaching.

What was the significance of the art and design course Victor Pasmore developed at Kings College, University of Durham?

The art and design course Victor Pasmore developed at Kings College, University of Durham, between 1954 and 1961 was inspired by the Bauhaus basic course. It became influential and served as a model for higher arts education throughout the United Kingdom.

Who succeeded Victor Pasmore in his teaching position at Kings College, University of Durham?

Richard Hamilton succeeded Victor Pasmore in his teaching role at Kings College, University of Durham.

When did Victor Pasmore move to Malta, and where did he pass away?

Victor Pasmore relocated to Malta in 1966. He died in Gudja, Malta, on January 23, 1998.

What is the Victor Pasmore Gallery, and where is it located?

The Victor Pasmore Gallery is a permanent exhibition space dedicated to the works of Victor Pasmore. It was inaugurated on November 3, 2014, at the Central Bank of Malta's Polverista Gallery, in collaboration with the Victor Pasmore Foundation.

What types of works are featured in the Victor Pasmore Gallery?

The Victor Pasmore Gallery primarily houses paintings and constructions created by Victor Pasmore during his time living in Malta. These works were discovered in his residences in Gudja, Malta, and Blackheath, London.

What specific artwork by Victor Pasmore is mentioned in the See also section?

The See also section lists Abstract painting, noting it as a 1998 work by Victor Pasmore.

Who were the artists associated with the Euston Road School, according to the provided navbox?

According to the navbox, the artists associated with the Euston Road School included Rodrigo Moynihan, Graham Bell, William Coldstream, Lawrence Gowing, Victor Pasmore, and Claude Rogers.

What kind of information is available through the Authority control databases section for Victor Pasmore?

The Authority control databases section provides links to various international and national library, archive, and museum catalogs that contain information about Victor Pasmore. This includes identifiers like ISNI, VIAF, GND, and links to collections in institutions such as the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) and the Tate.

What were Victor Pasmore's early influences during his figurative painting period?

During his figurative painting period, Victor Pasmore was influenced by artists such as Claude Monet and Paul Cézanne, as well as historical painters like J.M.W. Turner and James McNeill Whistler, whose styles he emulated in his depictions of the River Thames.

How did Victor Pasmore's work evolve from figurative to abstract styles?

Victor Pasmore initially worked in a lyrical figurative style, painting landscapes influenced by Turner and Whistler. Around 1947, inspired by Mondrian and Klee, he transitioned to a purely abstract style, embracing techniques like collage and relief construction, and exploring new materials.

What is the significance of the Circle publication in relation to Victor Pasmore's artistic development?

The publication Circle: An International Survey of Constructivist Art and the artists associated with it, such as Ben Nicholson, were influential for Victor Pasmore as he developed his purely abstract style starting in 1947. This period marked his emergence as a key figure in the revival of Constructivism in Britain.

What was Victor Pasmore's role in reforming art education in the UK?

Victor Pasmore was a leading proponent of abstract art and played a crucial role in reforming the fine art education system. His radical art and design course at Kings College, University of Durham, based on Bauhaus principles, became a model for arts education across the UK.

What is the connection between Victor Pasmore and the Central Bank of Malta?

The Central Bank of Malta, in collaboration with the Victor Pasmore Foundation, inaugurated the Victor Pasmore Gallery within its premises. This gallery hosts a permanent exhibition of Pasmore's works, particularly those created during his time living in Malta.

How did Victor Pasmore's early education at Harrow School contrast with his later artistic pursuits?

Victor Pasmore attended Harrow School for his secondary education, a traditional path. However, his artistic inclinations led him to pursue part-time studies at the Central School of Art and associate with groups like the Euston Road School, indicating a divergence from a purely conventional academic or administrative career towards his passion for art.

What does the term Constructivism refer to in the context of Victor Pasmore's work?

Constructivism, in the context of Victor Pasmore's work, refers to an artistic and architectural philosophy that emphasizes abstract geometric forms and industrial materials, often aiming for a synthesis of art and life. Pasmore was a pioneering figure in its revival in Britain after World War II.

What was the nature of Victor Pasmore's conscientious objection during WWII?

Victor Pasmore's conscientious objection during WWII led to his refusal of military orders, resulting in a court-martial and a prison sentence. However, he successfully appealed this decision, ultimately receiving unconditional exemption from military service.

What is the significance of the Circle publication mentioned in relation to Pasmore's abstract period?

The publication Circle: An International Survey of Constructivist Art was a significant influence on Victor Pasmore as he transitioned to abstraction around 1947. It represented a key platform for Constructivist ideas, and Pasmore became a leading figure in the movement's revival in Britain.

What legacy does the Victor Pasmore Foundation maintain?

The Victor Pasmore Foundation collaborates with institutions like the Central Bank of Malta to preserve and exhibit Victor Pasmore's artistic legacy. They were instrumental in the inauguration of the Victor Pasmore Gallery, which showcases works discovered in his homes.

What artistic movements or styles are explicitly mentioned as influences or categories for Victor Pasmore's work?

The artistic styles explicitly mentioned for Victor Pasmore include Abstraction and Constructivism. His early influences included Monet and Cézanne, and his figurative work was compared to Turner and Whistler. Later, Piet Mondrian and Paul Klee inspired his move to abstraction.

What was Victor Pasmore's involvement with the Euston Road School?

Victor Pasmore was associated with the formation of the Euston Road School, an art group known for its emphasis on representational painting and drawing, though Pasmore himself later moved towards abstraction.

How did Victor Pasmore's artistic philosophy connect nature with societal harmony?

Victor Pasmore's embrace of abstract art, particularly inspired by Piet Mondrian and Paul Klee, was rooted in the idea that art could embody a dynamic harmony. He believed this artistic harmony could serve as a representation or aspiration for a future harmonious society.

What is the significance of Victor Pasmore's participation in Documenta II?

Victor Pasmore's participation as an artist in Documenta II in Kassel in 1959 signifies his recognition on the international contemporary art stage during that period. Documenta is a major exhibition of modern and contemporary art.

What specific role did Victor Pasmore play in the context of the London County Council?

After his father's death in 1927, Victor Pasmore took on an administrative job at the London County Council. This position was a necessity due to his family's financial circumstances at the time.

Victor Pasmore Wiki: Victor Pasmore: Architect of Abstract Form

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Early Life and Education

Birth and Background

Edwin John Victor Pasmore was born on December 3, 1908, in Chelsham, Surrey, England. His early education took place at Summer Fields School in Oxford, followed by Harrow School in west London. The untimely death of his father in 1927 necessitated his entry into an administrative role at the London County Council, temporarily pausing his artistic pursuits.

Artistic Foundations

Pasmore pursued painting part-time at the Central School of Art. He became associated with the formation of the Euston Road School, an influential group focused on representational art. Initially, his work explored a lyrical figurative style, drawing inspiration from masters like Turner and Whistler, particularly in his depictions of the River Thames.

Conscientious Objection

During the Second World War, Pasmore registered as a conscientious objector. After being denied recognition by his Local Tribunal, he was called up for military service in 1942. His refusal to comply led to a court-martial and a prison sentence, which ultimately qualified him for an Appellate Tribunal that granted him unconditional exemption from military service.

Artistic Career Trajectory

The Figurative Years (1927–1947)

Pasmore's early artistic endeavors, beginning around 1927, were characterized by a figurative approach. An early exhibition of his works was held at the Zwemmer Gallery in London in 1934. During this period, his style showed influences from Impressionist and Post-Impressionist masters such as Claude Monet and Paul Cézanne, focusing on capturing the essence of his subjects with a lyrical quality.

Recognition and Awards

Pasmore's significant contributions to the art world were recognized through various accolades. He represented Britain at the prestigious Venice Biennale in 1961, a testament to his international standing. He was also a participating artist at Documenta II in Kassel in 1959 and served as a trustee of the Tate Gallery, further cementing his influence in the art establishment.

The Figurative Years: 1927–1947

Early Style and Influences

From 1927 onwards, Victor Pasmore developed his artistic practice within a figurative framework. His early works, exhibited at the Zwemmer Gallery in London in 1934, demonstrated an engagement with the styles of Claude Monet and Paul Cézanne. He often depicted scenes such as views of the River Thames from Hammersmith, capturing light and atmosphere with a sensitivity reminiscent of these earlier masters.

The Break into Abstraction (1948–1954)

Conceptual Shift

Pasmore's artistic evolution took a significant turn around 1947, marking his transition into abstract art. This pivotal shift was profoundly influenced by the theoretical and visual contributions of artists like Piet Mondrian and Paul Klee. Their exploration of nature and the creation of dynamic harmony resonated with Pasmore's vision for art as a reflection of future societal harmony.

Pioneering Constructivism

Following the Second World War, Pasmore became a leading figure in the revival of interest in Constructivism in Britain. Influenced by artists associated with the journal Circle, such as Ben Nicholson, Pasmore began creating abstract works using collage and relief constructions. His innovative use of new materials and his exploration of large-scale, architectural forms were groundbreaking. Art critic Herbert Read famously described this new direction as "The most revolutionary event in post-war British art."

Art and Architecture Synthesis

Pasmore's interest in integrating art with architecture became a defining characteristic of his later career. In 1955, he was appointed Consulting Director of Architectural Design for the Peterlee development corporation. His vision culminated in the creation of the 'Apollo Pavilion' in Peterlee, an abstract public art structure. Despite initial local criticism regarding the Development Corporation's broader failures, Pasmore staunchly defended his work. The Pavilion, after years of neglect, underwent restoration in 2009, securing its place as a significant piece of public art.

Educational Influence and Mentorship

Shaping Art Education

Victor Pasmore was instrumental in promoting abstract art and reforming fine art education in the UK. From 1943 to 1949, he taught at Camberwell School of Art. There, he mentored students like Terry Frost, advising him to prioritize self-directed study at institutions like the National Gallery over formal curriculum constraints.

Bauhaus Inspiration

Between 1950 and 1954, Pasmore taught at the Central School of Art. Subsequently, from 1954 to 1961, he held a teaching position at King's College, University of Durham (now Newcastle University). Here, he developed a progressive art and design course heavily inspired by the foundational 'basic course' of the Bauhaus. This curriculum became a model for higher arts education across the United Kingdom. Richard Hamilton succeeded him in this role.

Personal Life and Later Years

Family and Relationships

In 1940, Victor Pasmore married the artist Wendy Blood. Together, they raised two children, a son and a daughter. His personal life continued alongside his artistic and professional endeavors.

Relocation and Passing

Pasmore relocated to Malta in 1966, continuing his artistic practice from his residence in Gudja. He passed away on January 23, 1998, at the age of 89. His later years were spent in Malta, a place that became his home and likely influenced his continued creative output.

Enduring Legacy

The Victor Pasmore Gallery

Victor Pasmore's legacy is preserved through dedicated institutions and collections. On November 3, 2014, the Central Bank of Malta, in collaboration with the Victor Pasmore Foundation, inaugurated the Victor Pasmore Gallery. Located within the bank's premises at the Polverista Gallery, this permanent exhibition showcases works discovered in Pasmore's Maltese and London residences. The collection primarily features paintings and constructions created during his time living in Malta, offering profound insight into his later artistic period.

Further Exploration

Related Works

Explore related artistic creations, such as Pasmore's 1998 painting titled Abstract painting.

References

Source Citations

The following references were used in the compilation of this information:

External Resources

Online Archives and Collections

Art UK: Victor Pasmore artworks
Central Bank of Malta: Victor Pasmore Gallery
Fondazzjoni Patrimonju Malti

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References

Ford, Boris (ed.) (1988). The Cambridge Guide to the Arts in Britain: Volume 9, Since the Second World War. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge. p. 104.

Radical innovation in art, architecture and art education in the North East.

Tate: Wendy Pasmore | Tate, accessdate: 22 August 2014

bookroomartpress.co.uk: Pasmore, Victor Biography, accessdate: 22 August 2014

A full list of references for this article are available at the Victor Pasmore Wikipedia page

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Victor Pasmore: Architect of Abstract Form

💡 Dive in with Flashcard Learning! 💡

🎓 Early Life and Education

🎂 Birth and Background

🏛️ Artistic Foundations

⚖️ Conscientious Objection

🎨 Artistic Career Trajectory

🖼️ The Figurative Years (1927–1947)

🏆 Recognition and Awards

🖼️ The Figurative Years: 1927–1947

🖌️ Early Style and Influences

📐 The Break into Abstraction (1948–1954)

💡 Conceptual Shift

🏗️ Pioneering Constructivism

🏛️ Art and Architecture Synthesis

🧑‍🏫 Educational Influence and Mentorship

📚 Shaping Art Education

🎓 Bauhaus Inspiration

🏠 Personal Life and Later Years

💍 Family and Relationships

🌍 Relocation and Passing

✨ Enduring Legacy

🏛️ The Victor Pasmore Gallery

📖 Further Exploration

🔗 Related Works

📜 References

📄 Source Citations

📚 Further Reading

📖 Scholarly Works

🔗 External Resources

🌐 Online Archives and Collections

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📜 Important Notice Regarding Content

Dive in with Flashcard Learning!

Early Life and Education

Birth and Background

Artistic Foundations

Conscientious Objection

Artistic Career Trajectory

The Figurative Years (1927–1947)

Recognition and Awards

The Figurative Years: 1927–1947

Early Style and Influences

The Break into Abstraction (1948–1954)

Conceptual Shift

Pioneering Constructivism

Art and Architecture Synthesis

Educational Influence and Mentorship

Shaping Art Education

Bauhaus Inspiration

Personal Life and Later Years

Family and Relationships

Relocation and Passing

Enduring Legacy

The Victor Pasmore Gallery

Further Exploration

Related Works

References

Source Citations

Further Reading

Scholarly Works

External Resources

Online Archives and Collections

Teacher's Corner

True or False?

Test Your Knowledge!

Gamer's Corner

Discover other topics to study!

References

Feedback & Support

Disclaimer

Important Notice Regarding Content